Evaluation of viscoelastic coagulation monitoring parameters and fibrinogen concentrations in healthy dogs undergoing stifle arthroscopy and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of viscoelastic parameters along with Hct percentages, platelet numbers, and fibrinogen concentrations in healthy dogs undergoing elective stifle arthroscopy and tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). These results determine if dogs are in a normal, hypocoagulable, or hypercoagulable state at 4 different time points. ANIMALS: Prospective study of 37 client-owned dogs enrolled between February 2, 2022, and November 10, 2022. METHODS: All dogs received a standardized anesthetic protocol. Patients enrolled in the study underwent stifle arthroscopy using a 3-portal technique with a TPLO performed by board-certified surgeons. Viscoelastic testing, Hct percentage, fibrinogen concentration, and platelet numbers were measured preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, 24 hours postoperatively, and 14 days postoperatively. RESULTS: Stifle arthroscopy and TPLO surgery was not associated with significant effects on viscoelastic coagulation monitoring and fibrinogen concentrations in healthy dogs when comparing the time points. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Humans have a high risk of thrombotic events when undergoing elective orthopedic surgery and are often placed on prophylactic antithrombotic medication prior to surgery. Viscoelastic coagulation monitoring in dogs undergoing similar orthopedic procedures has been evaluated in veterinary medicine, but the effects on platelets and fibrinogen concentrations from similar orthopedic procedures and uniform anesthesia protocols have not been documented. Cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency is the most common orthopedic injury in dogs. Treatment requires elective surgical correction for the best results and improved long-term prognosis. The findings of this study suggest that similar preoperative prophylactic antithrombotic intervention is not needed for canine patients.

Factors associated with the successful operation and participation of researchers in scientific networks of medical and health sciences in Colombia / Factores asociados al funcionamiento y participación exitosos de investigadores en redes científicas de ciencias médicas y de la salud en Colombia

Abstract Introduction: Scientific research in medical and health sciences is becoming increasingly complex. In this sense, research and innovation networks can be a key element for researchers to obtain up-to-date and useful knowledge. Objective: To analyze the participation in research networks of Colombian researchers working in medical and health sciences, as well as their characteristics and the factors associated with more involvement in said networks and better research and innovation achievements. Materials and methods: Descriptive and observational study conducted in two phases: the first, in 2016, consisted of sending a virtual survey on participation in and operation of these networks to the representatives of the 714 research groups in medical and health sciences officially recognized in Colombia, and the second, in 2017, consisted of sending a second survey to the 232 representatives who completed the first one. Relative frequencies were used for data analysis and description. Differences between participating in the networks and the characteristics of the researchers were determined using the chi-square test. A multivariate analysis (logistic regression model) was performed to determine the association between aspects of the network operation and the results obtained. Results: Of the 714 groups, only 232 representatives completed the first survey, and of these, only 82 (35.34%) participated in research networks. Significant differences were observed between participating in research networks and developing innovation products (p<0.01) and appearing in publication rankings (p=0.02). Regarding the network operation, there were three key elements: strategy, consensus, and funding; the first two correlate with obtaining results. Conclusions: Knowledge and innovation networks are important for generating more knowledge and research in the country. Therefore, the competent authorities should promote the creation of new research networks and encourage researchers from lagging regions in the country to participate in them.

Resumen Introducción. La investigación científica en ciencias médicas y de la salud es cada vez más compleja. En este sentido, las redes de investigación e innovación pueden ser un elemento clave para adquirir conocimiento actualizado y de utilidad para los investigadores. Objetivo. Analizar la actividad de investigadores colombianos del área de ciencias médicas y de la salud en redes de investigación, así como sus características y los factores asociados con una mayor participación y con mejores resultados en términos de investigación e innovación. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional descriptivo realizado en dos fases: la primera consistió en el envío de una encuesta virtual en 2016 sobre participación y funcionamiento de estas redes a los representantes de los 714 grupos de investigación en ciencias médicas y de la salud reconocidos oficialmente en Colombia, y la segunda, en 2017, en el envío de una segunda encuesta a los 232 representantes que respondieron la primera. Para el análisis y descripción de los datos se emplearon frecuencias relativas. Las diferencias entre la participación en redes y las características de los investigadores se determinaron mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Se realizó un análisis multivariante (modelo de regresión logística) para determinar la asociación entre aspectos del funcionamiento de la red con los resultados obtenidos. Resultados. De los 714 grupos, solo contestaron representantes de 232, y, de estos, solo 82 (35.34%) participaban en redes de investigación. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre participar en redes y el desarrollo de productos de innovación (p<0.01) y aparecer en rankings de publicaciones (p=0.02). Respecto al funcionamiento de la red, hay tres elementos clave: estrategia, consenso y financiación; los dos primeros se correlacionan con la obtención de resultados. Conclusiones. Las redes de conocimiento e innovación son importantes para generar más conocimiento e investigación en el país; por tanto, las autoridades competentes debieran fomentar la creación de nuevas redes de investigación e incentivar a los investigadores de las regiones más rezagadas del país a participar en ellas.

Cleaning validation 2: development and validation of an ion chromatographic method for the detection of traces of CIP-100 detergent.

A cleaning validation method, ion chromatographic method with conductivity detection was developed and validated for the determination of traces of a clean-in-place (CIP) detergent. It was shown to be linear with a squared correlation coefficient (r(2)) of 0.9999 and average recoveries of 71.4% (area response factor) from stainless steel surfaces and 101% from cotton. The repeatability was found to be 2.17% and an intermediate precision of 1.88% across the range. The method was also shown to be sensitive with a detection limit (DL) of 0.13 ppm and a quantitation limit (QL) of 0.39 ppm for EDTA, which translates to less than 1 microL of CIP diluted in 100mL of diluent in both cases. The EDTA signal was well resolved from typical ions encountered in water samples or any other interference presented from swabs and surfaces. The method could be applied to cleaning validation samples. The validated method could be included as a suitable one for rapid and reliable cleaning validation program.

The use of ion chromatography for the determination of clean-in-place-200 (CIP-200) detergent traces.

Anion chromatography with conductivity detection was chosen as the analytical technique for the development of a cleaning validation method for clean-in-place (CIP) detergents. The method was developed and validated for the determination of traces of the detergent CIP-200. It was shown to be linear with a squared correlation coefficient (r(2)) of 0.9999 and the accuracy experiments presented average recoveries of 88.2% (area response factor) from stainless steel surfaces. The repeatability was found to be 1.6% and an intermediate precision of 1.9% across the range. The method was also shown to be sensitive with an average Detection Limit (DL) of 0.23 ppm and a Quantitation Limit (QL) of 0.70 ppm based on the amount of phosphate in the detergent sample. The phosphate signal was well resolved from typical ions encountered in water samples or any other interference presented from swabs and surfaces. The method was applied to cleaning validation samples and proved to be suitable for rapid and reliable quality control.

Cleaning validation 1: development and validation of a chromatographic method for the detection of traces of LpHse detergent.

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the detection of traces of LpHse (4-tert-amylphenol and 2-phenylphenol) has been developed and validated. The method was shown to be linear in the range from 0.5 to 10.00 ppm in solution. The method was also shown to be accurate with a recovery of up to 95% by area response for amylphenol and up to 94% by area response for phenylphenol from metal surfaces (4''x4'' un-polished 304 stainless steel plates) by means of swab material. The reproducibility of the method was determined to be 1.61% by area response and 1.52% by height response for amylphenol and 5.40% by area response and 13.77% by height response for phenylphenol from solutions reported as the pooled relative standard deviation. The developed method was also shown to be rugged by comparisons of different preparations by different analysts. The limit of detection was established to be 0.076 ppm by peak area, 0.079 ppm by peak height for amylphenol and 0.34 ppm by peak area, 0.82 ppm by peak height for phenylphenol from solution, and 1.77 ppb by peak area, 1.23 ppm by peak height for amylphenol and 1.23 ppm by peak area, 1.44 ppm by peak height for phenylphenol from recovery from metal studies. The limit of quantitation was established to be 0.25 ppm by peak area, 0.26 ppm by peak height for amylphenol and 1.14 ppm by peak area, 2.73 ppm by peak height for phenylphenol from solution, and 3.89 ppm by peak area, 4.11 ppm by peak height for amylphenol and 4.11 ppm by peak area, 4.79 ppm by peak height for phenylphenol from recovery from metal plates studies. This method can be employed to determine the presence of LpHse residues in cleaned equipments where the detergent was used.

Eventración diafragmática traumática derecha: Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Eventración diafragmática traumatic right: Report of a case and revision of the literature

La eventración diafragmática constituye una rara forma de afección diafragmática. Aunque no existen datos concluyentes, las eventraciones adquiridas del lado izquierdo parecen ser las más frecuentes. Por ser poco común, se presenta un paciente que luego de intervención neuroquirúrgica por accidente automovilístico muestra disnea y se le realiza radiografía de tórax, donde se observa elevación importante del hemidiafragma derecho. Se efectúan estudios contrastados del tractus digestivo superior e inferior, ultrasonografía y tomografía axial computadorizada abdominal con pruebas funcionales ventilatorias. Se interviene quirúrgicamente, y se comprueba una eventración diafragmática con laceraciones musculares. Se le realiza plicatura, en 3 planos, con puntos de Halsted y sutura no absorbible. Evolución satisfactoria. Se discute la difícil diferenciación entre eventración y hernia diafragmática, y en la mayoría de los casos la confirmación definitiva se efectúa durante el acto operatorio. No obstante, por el compromiso respiratorio que produce, la conducta quirúrgica será la correcta en estos pacientes. La reparación multilaminar es esencial para evitar la recidiva(AU)

The eventración diafragmática constitutes a strange form of affection diafragmática. Although conclusive data don't exist, the acquired eventraciones of the left side seems to be the most frequent. To be not very common, a patient is presented that after intervention neuroquirúrgica for automobile accident shows disnea and she is carried out thorax x-ray, where important elevation of the right hemidiafragma is observed. Contrasted studies of the tractus digestive superior are made and inferior, ultrasonografía and tomografía axial abdominal computadorizada with tests functional ventilatorias. You intervenes surgically, and he/she is proven an eventración diafragmática with muscular lacerations. He/she is carried out plicatura, in 3 planes, with points of Halsted and he/she sutures non absorbible. Satisfactory evolution. You discusses the difficult diferenciación between eventración and hernia diafragmática, and in most of the cases the definitive confirmation is made during the operative act. Nevertheless, for the breathing commitment that takes place, the surgical behavior will be the correct one in these patients. The repair multilaminar is essential to avoid(AU)

Efecto de la expansión de volumen y de la furosemida sobre la presión arterial, la excreción renal de sodio y potasio y la osmolaridad urinaria en pacientes hipertensos esenciales / Effect of volume expansion and furosemide on arterial pressure, sodium and potasium renal excretion and urinary osmolarity in essential hypertensive patients

Se estudiaron 15 pacientes afectos de hipertension arterial esencial que se sometieron a variaciones opuestas de sobrecarga y de furosemida con el fin de clasificarlos para su posterior terapéutica. Se encontró una elevación significativa de la tensión arterial durante la expansión de volumen producida por la sobrecarga de sodio en 12 de los 15 pacientes, mientras que se observó una disminución durante el empleo de furosemida. Se explican estos hallazgos de acuerdo con los conocimientos actuales y sus implicaciones en la práctica clínica. Se analizan igualmente otros parámetros estudiados y se comprueba que la amplificación de la respuesta renal a la expansión de volumen puede ser de utilidad en la clasificación de pacientes hipertensos para su terapéutica con diuréticos

Cardiopatia chagastica cronica: estudio experimental

El estudio trata de demostrar la presencia de un modelo experimental reproducible en el Paraguay y determinar en esta primera etapa del estudio, la existencia de alteraciones miocardiopaticas en la faz cronica de la enfermedad

Psidium guajaba L: tamizaje fitoquímico y estudio del aceite esencial / Psidium guajaba L: phytochemical screening and study of essential oil

Se presenta el estudio de dos variedades de Psidium guajaba que crecen en Cuba; se dan los resultados del tamizaje fitoquímico por los métodos de Wall y colaboradores y de Rondina y colaboradores así como el estudio del aceite esencial de las hojas de ambas variedades por los métodos de destilación, con arrastre y destilación húmeda, caracterizándose por cromatografía gaseosa con patrones internos nueve terpenoides