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Objective: To investigate the correlation between programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1), tumor mutation burden (TMB) and the short-term efficacy and clinical characteristics of anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor combination chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. The efficacy of the prediction model was evaluated. Methods: A total of 220 NSCLC patients receiving first-line treatment with anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with chemotherapy were retrospectively collected. The primary endpoint was short-term efficacy ORR. The correlation between short-term efficacy, PD-L1, TMB, and clinical characteristics using χ2 test or t-test was evaluated. Screen the independent prognostic factors using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and construct a nomogram prediction model using the "rms" package in R software. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the independent Prognostic factors and the prediction model. Using decision curve analysis (DCA) to verify the superiority of the prediction model. Results: The mean values of PD-L1, TMB, neutrophils, lymphocytes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and albumin were the highest in the ORR group, PD-L1 expression and TMB correlated with epidermal growth factor receptor expression. Multivariate analyses showed that PD-L1, TMB, and neutrophil were independent prognostic factors for ORR. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of the ROC constructed based on these three indicators were 0.7104, 0.7139, and 0.7131, respectively. The AUC value under the ROC of the nomogram model was 0.813. The DCA of the model showed that all three indicators used together to build the prediction model of the net return were higher than those of the single indicator prediction model. Conclusion: PD-L1, TMB, and neutrophils are independent prognostic factors for short-term efficacy. The nomogram prediction model constructed using these three indicators can further improve predictive efficacy of ICIs in patients with NSCLC.
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PURPOSE: The prognosis of recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) is poor, and there is currently no effective treatment strategy. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a new method for cancer treatment that uses a combination of low-frequency ultrasound and sonosensitisers to produce antitumor effects, which have shown good therapeutic effects in preclinical studies. Therefore, we initiated an open, prospective pilot study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of SDT for the treatment of rGBM. METHODS: Nine patients with rGBM were enrolled who had received multiple treatments, but the nidus continued to progress without additional standard treatments. After MRI localisation, porphyrin drugs were injected, and intermittent low-frequency ultrasound therapy was performed for five days. RESULTS: None of the nine patients in this clinical trial showed any clinical, neurological, haematological, or skin-targeted adverse effects associated with SDT. After the completion of the trial, one patient maintained stable disease, and eight patients experienced disease progression. Among the eight with progressive disease, the median progression-free survival time was 84 days. Four patients died, and the median overall survival duration after recurrence was 202.5 days. CONCLUSION: The number of patients in this study was small; therefore, a long-term survival benefit was not demonstrated. However, this study suggests that SDT has potential as a treatment for rGBM and warrants further exploration. Trial information: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ): ChiCTR2200065992. November 2, 2022, retrospectively registered.