Clinical significance of peripheral blood DDR1 and CtBP gene methylation detection in patients with acute pancreatitis.

To investigate the clinical value of methylation levels of peripheral blood DDR1 and CtBP genes in evaluating the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP). Collect 90 blood samples from AP patients and healthy volunteers, and test methylation levels of SPINK1, STAT3, KIT, CFTR, DDR1, CtBP1, CtBP2 genes by bisulfite amplicon sequencing (BSAS). The gene methylation and clinical predictors of SAP early prediction were determined by univariate and multifactorial analysis, respectively. (1) The methylation level of CtBP1 gene and MCTSI score were independent predictors of SAP, with AUC values of 0.723 and 0.8895, respectively. (2) The methylation levels of DDR1, CtBP2, CFTR and SPINK1 genes were statistically significant in HC group vs AP group, HC group vs MAP group, and HC group vs SAP group. (3) The combined detection of CtBP1 gene methylation level and MCTSI score predicted the sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and 95%CI of SAP were 0.750, 0.957, 0.902, and 0.816-0.989, respectively. (1) The methylation level of CtBP1 gene in peripheral blood is an independent risk factor for predicting SAP and is a potentially good predictor of SAP, and the combined testing with the MCTSI score does not further significantly improve the early predictive value for SAP. (2) The methylation levels of DDR1, SPINK1, CtBP2, and CFTR genes were potential indicators for recognizing AP.

Clinical application of 3D-printed fusion cage implantation in treating cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of 3D-printed fusion cage implantation in treating cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 52 patients with single-segment cervical spondylotic myelopathy who received anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University from July 2019 to July 2022. They were divided into the 3D group and the control group. Afterward, the perioperative indicators were compared between the two groups. Meanwhile, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, Visual analogue scale (VAS) and neck disability index (NDI) were recorded pre-operation and one-year post-operation. Evaluate the fusion rate of two group of intervertebral fusion cages. Results: The JOA score and NDI of the two groups of patients were significantly improved compared to pre-operation(P<0.05), and the JOA score, JOA score improvement rate, and NDI of the 3D group were better than the control group (P<0.05), the VAS scores were significantly improved compared to pre-operation(P<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p >0.05). The intervertebral height, angle, and cervical Cobb angle of the two groups of patients were significantly improved compared to pre-operation (P<0.05), and the improvement of intervertebral height, angle, and cervical Cobb angle in the 3D group was better than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of 3D printed intervertebral fusion cage placement in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy may be reliable, and it would be better than traditional intervertebral fusion cages in maintaining the height, angle, cervical Cobb angle, and fusion rate of the intervertebral space.

Cimicifuga heracleifolia kom. Attenuates ulcerative colitis through the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom. (C. heracleifolia) has demonstrated efficacy in treating gastrointestinal disorders, including splenasthenic diarrhea. Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, shares similarities with splenasthenic diarrhea. However, the pharmacological effects of C. heracleifolia on UC and the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study investigates the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of C. heracleifolia in UC. METHODS: Initially, network pharmacology analysis, encompassing ingredient screening, target prediction, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and enrichment analysis, was employed to predict the mechanisms of C. heracleifolia. The findings were further validated using transcriptomics and functional assays in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC model. Additionally, bioactive compounds were identified through surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis, molecular docking, and cell-based assays. RESULTS: A total of 52 ingredients of C. heracleifolia were screened, and 32 key targets were identified within a PPI network comprising 285 potential therapeutic targets. Enrichment analysis indicated that the anti-UC effects of C. heracleifolia are mediated through immune response modulation and the inhibition of inflammatory signaling pathways. In vivo experiments showed that C. heracleifolia mitigated histological damage in the colon, reduced the expression of phosphorylated Akt1, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, and inhibitor of Kappa B kinase α/ß (IKKα/ß), suppressed the content of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and enhanced the expression of tight junction proteins. Moreover, cimigenoside, caffeic acid, and methyl caffeate were identified as the bioactive constituents responsible for the UC treatment effects of C. heracleifolia. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, this study is the first to demonstrate that C. heracleifolia exerts therapeutic effects on UC by enhancing the intestinal mucosal barrier and inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings offer valuable insights into the clinical application of C. heracleifolia for UC management.

The recovery of decreased executive attention in Tibetan migrants at high-altitude.

Attention is one of the basic cognitive functions sensitive to high altitude, and most studies have focussed on exposure times of approximately 3 years; however, it is unclear how attention changes in migrants who have lived and worked at high altitude for nearly 20 years. We explored the dynamics of attentional networks and neurophysiological mechanisms in migrants over 3-20 years using the Attentional Network Test combined with Electrocardiograph and Electroencephalography and found a consistent quadratic correlation between exposure and executive control efficiency, P3 amplitude and heart rate variability (HRV), with a decrease followed by an increase/relative stability, with approximately 10 years being the breakpoint. However, neither linear nor quadratic trajectories were observed for the alerting and orienting network. Mediation analysis revealed that the P3 amplitude mediated the decrease and increase in executive control efficiency with exposure time depends on the breakpoint. Correlations between HRV and executive control efficiency and P3 amplitude suggest that U-shaped changes in executive control in migrants may be related to body homeostasis maintained by the autonomic nervous system, and that P3 amplitude may serve as a neurophysiological marker of migrants' adaptation/recovery from high-altitude exposure.

Protective Effects of Baicalein on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced AR42J PACs through Attenuation of Both Inflammation and Pyroptosis via Downregulation of miR-224-5p/PARP1.

Background: Baicalein has been used to treat inflammation-related diseases; nevertheless, its specific mechanism of action is unclear. Therefore, we examined the protective effects of baicalein on lipopolysaccharide-induced damage to AR42J pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) and determined its mechanism of action for protection. Methods: An in vitro cell model of acute pancreatitis (AP) was established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 mg/L)-induced PACs (AR42J), and the relative survival rate was determined using the 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) technique. Flow cytometry was applied to evaluate the apoptotic rates of AR42J PACs. The RNA and protein expression of miR-224-5p, poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1), nuclear transcription factor-κB65 (NF-κB65), phospho-kappa B alpha(p-IκB-α), interleukin(IL)-18R, NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3), gasdermin D (GSDMD), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and caspase-1 was detected based on the WB and RT-PCR assays. IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α expression levels in AR42J cells were measured via ELISA method. The cell morphology was examined using the AO/EB method. Results: The experiment confirmed a significant increase in the activity of AR42J cells treated with various doses of baicalein. Moreover, IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 expression levels in AR42J cells were dramatically reduced (P < 0.05), while miR-224-5p level was obviously enhanced. The protein and gene expression of PARP1, NF-κB65, p-IκB-α, IL-18R, GSDMD, ASC, NLRP3, and caspase-1 was obviously decreased (P < 0.05). Apoptosis in AR42J cells was significantly reduced with significant improvement in cell morphology. Conclusion: Baicalein may significantly alleviate LPS-induced AR42J PAC damage by inhibiting the inflammatory response and pyroptosis. Its mode of action might be linked to higher miR-224-5p expression, which inhibits the PARP1/NF-κB and NLPR3/ASC/caspase-1/GSDMD pathways.

Deciphering the Multifaceted Immune Landscape of Unresectable Primary Liver Cancer to Predict Immunotherapy Response.

Immunotherapies employing PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are vital for primary liver cancer (PLC), but response rates remain unsatisfying. Accurate differentiation of responders from non-responders to immunotherapy is imperative. Here, single-cell-scaled mass cytometry analysis on sequential peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from ICI-treated PLC patients is conducted, and tissue residence of immune subpopulations is assessed via multiplex immunohistochemistry. In the discovery cohort (n = 24), responders have lower baseline B cell and HLA-DR+CD8+T cell, and higher CD14+CD16- classical monocyte (CM) proportions. CMs decrease more in responders PBMCs, while HLA-DR+CD8+T cells conformably amplify after ICI-exposure. Responsive individuals display upregulated exhaustion and activation markers in peripheral immune lineages. In the expanded cohort of 77 patients, the augment of the B cells in non-responders is re-confirmed. Responders demonstrate much higher enrichment of B cells or tertiary lymphoid structures in tumor compared to non-responders. A prospective model that excelled in early discrimination of responders is developed using generalized linear model and achieves a satisfactory AUC over 0.9 in all three independent cohorts. Integratedly, the study unveils dynamic immune landscapes in PLC patients undergoing ICI-based therapy, aiding in PLC patient stratification for ICI-based treatment and fostering new response monitoring strategies.

Clinical characteristics, imaging diagnostic accuracy, and prognosis of autoimmune pancreatitis: A real-world study in China.

OBJECTIVE: In this study we aimed to comprehensively evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of Chinese patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) through a single-center real-world study. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with AIP in Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University from January 2014 to December 2021 were included. Baseline characteristics, laboratory test results, cross-sectional imaging and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) findings, and long-term follow-up data were obtained. The differences in these characteristics between type 1 and type 2 AIP patients were analyzed. RESULTS: Among all 320 patients, 271 (84.7%) and 49 (15.3%) had type 1 and type 2 AIP, respectively. The most common initial symptom was abdominal discomfort (58.1%), followed by obstructive jaundice (32.5%). Extrapancreatic organ involvement was identified in 126 (39.4%) patients, with the biliary system being the most commonly involved (36.6%). Elevated serum IgG4 level was rare in type 2 AIP patients. The diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and EUS for definitive and probable AIP were 78.0%, 68.7%, and 80.5%, respectively. EUS-guided tissue acquisition with immunohistochemical staining helped establish a final diagnosis in 39.7% of patients. During the follow-up period of 60 months, 18.6% of patients experienced relapse. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year relapse rates were higher in type 1 AIP patients, with an accumulated rate of 8.0%, 12.6%, and 15.1%, when compared with those with type 2 AIP. CONCLUSIONS: Type 2 AIP is not uncommon in Chinese population. The diagnostic accuracy of CT and EUS for AIP might be superior to that of MRI.

Case report: Gastric metastasis of breast cancer.

Breast cancer stands as the foremost malignant tumor among women globally, with postoperative recurrence and metastasis significantly impacting patient prognosis. While metastasis to various sites has been reported, gastric involvement remains uncommon. Presenting a case of gastric metastasis a decade post-breast cancer surgery, we underscore the rarity of this occurrence. Our patient, an elderly woman, underwent left breast modified radical surgery ten years prior, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, maintaining favorable health until experiencing abdominal discomfort two months ago. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the chest and upper abdomen unveiled diffuse abnormal enhancement in the gastric body and sinus wall. Subsequent gastroscopy revealed an ulcer near the gastric antrum, with immunohistochemical staining confirming invasive lobular carcinoma metastasis from the breast. We further conducted an extensive review of 23 cases with detailed information retrieved from PubMed, elucidating clinicopathological, endoscopic features, diagnostic modalities, and contemporary treatment strategies for breast-stomach metastasis. Our findings underscore the imperative of regular postoperative surveillance for breast cancer patients. Timely detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate intervention are paramount in managing gastric metastasis, significantly influencing patient outcomes.

A bulge uridine in the HIF2a IRE allows IRP1 but not IRP2 to selectively regulate HIF2a expression and ensuing EPO levels.

Iron regulatory proteins (IRP1 and IRP2) play a pivotal role in maintaining cellular iron homeostasis by binding to iron-responsive elements (IREs) of target mRNAs and regulating the expression of these iron-related genes. Mice and humans that lack functional IRP1 develop erythrocytosis due to erythropoietin overproduction, whereas those that lack IRP2 develop microcytic anemia believed to result from iron deficiency of erythroblasts. Here, we discovered that IRP2 deficiency reduced the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF2a) and its transcriptional target, erythropoietin (EPO), thereby compromising the stress erythropoiesis response to generate RBCs upon anemia. The distinct consequences of IRP2 and IRP1 on EPO result from the higher binding affinity of the HIF2a IRE for IRP1 compared to IRP2. This difference in binding affinity arises from a bulge uridine in the upper stem of HIF2a IRE that impairs the ability of IRP2 to bind the IRE. These results reveal that IRP1 and IRP2 play distinct roles in erythropoiesis and unveil an unsuspected IRE binding preference that contributes to the divergent phenotypes observed in IRP1 and IRP2 deficient mammals.

[Distribution Characteristics of Soil Aggregate Stability and Organic Carbon of Different Grassland Types in the Temperate Desert of Longzhong Loess Plateau].

Soil aggregate stability and organic carbon （SOC） are important indicators of soil structure and quality and play a key role in the improvement of soil quality in temperate deserts. This study aimed to investigate the distribution patterns, stability of soil aggregates, and variation characteristics of the content of aggregate organic carbon in different grassland types in temperate deserts and their interrelationships. Four grassland types in a temperate desert （Kalidium foliatum type, Reaumuria songarica type, Salsola passerina type, and Sympegma regelii type） in the Longzhong Loess Plateau as research objects, and the soil aggregate particle size distribution characteristics were determined using the wet sieving method. The stability of soil aggregates was analyzed by calculating aggregate stability indicators and the contribution of aggregate particle size SOC to bulk soil SOC content. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and linear fitting equations were used to reveal the relationship between the soil aggregate content and aggregate particle size SOC and aggregate stability. The results showed that the content of >0.25 mm aggregates （R0.25）, mean weight diameter （MWD）, geometric mean diameter （GMD）, and bulk soil SOC content in each soil layer （0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm） of the K. foliatum type grassland were significantly higher than that of the R. songarica type and S. regelii type （P<0.05）. The SOC content of 0.053-0.25 mm and <0.053 mm particle size in each soil layer of the K. foliatum type grassland were significantly higher than that of the S. regelii type （P<0.05）. Surface and subsurface soils （0-10 cm and 10-20 cm） had the significantly highest contribution of 0.25-2 mm particle size SOC to the bulk soil SOC content （P<0.05）. Additionally, as the soil layer deepened, the R0.25, MWD, GMD, bulk soil, and aggregate SOC contents of the K. foliatum type grassland showed a tendency to increase first and then decrease, with the highest contents from 10-20 cm. Kalidium foliatum type grassland aggregate content was dominated by 0.25-2 mm aggregates, whereas the other three grassland types were dominated by 0.053-0.25 mm aggregates. In addition, bulk soil SOC content was significantly correlated with R0.25, MWD, GMD, and ELT （P<0.01）, and the 0.25 mm aggregate was the critical size of positive and negative correlation. R0.25, MWD, GMD, and ELT values were the key factors influencing bulk soil SOC in grassland. The equation fitted to bulk soil SOC content, and GMD was the most suitable to describe the relationship between SOC content and the stability of soil aggregates. Therefore, compared with other grassland types, K. foliatum type grassland had a promoting effect on the soil aggregate stability and the improvement of soil quality.

Metabolism of Malus halliana Roots Provides Insights into Iron Deficiency Tolerance Mechanisms.

Iron (Fe) deficiency is one of the most common micronutrient imbalances limiting plant growth globally, especially in arid and saline alkali regions due to the decreased availability of Fe in alkaline soils. Malus halliana grows well in arid regions and is tolerant of Fe deficiency. Here, a physiological and metabolomic approach was used to analyze the short-term molecular response of M. halliana roots to Fe deficiency. On the one hand, physiological data show that the root activity first increased and then decreased with the prolongation of the stress time, but the change trend of root pH was just the opposite. The total Fe content decreased gradually, while the effective Fe decreased at 12 h and increased at 3 d. The activity of iron reductase (FCR) increased with the prolongation of stress. On the other hand, a total of 61, 73, and 45 metabolites were identified by GC-MS in three pairs: R12h (Fe deficiency 12 h) vs. R0h (Fe deficiency 0 h), R3d (Fe deficiency 3 d) vs. R0h, and R3d vs. R12h, respectively. Sucrose, as a source of energy, produces monosaccharides such as glucose by hydrolysis, while glucose accumulates significantly at the first (R12h vs. R0h) and third time points (R3d vs. R0h). Carbohydrates (digalacturonate, L-xylitol, ribitol, D-xylulose, glucose, and glycerol) are degraded into pyruvate through glycolysis and pentose phosphate, which participate in the TCA. Glutathione metabolism and the TCA cycle coordinate with each other, actively respond to Fe deficiency stress, and synthesize secondary metabolites at the same time. This study thoroughly examines the metabolite response to plant iron deficiency, highlighting the crucial roles of sugar metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle regulation, and glutathione metabolism in the short-term iron deficiency response of apples. It also lays the groundwork for future research on analyzing iron deficiency tolerance.

Synthesis and antibacterial activities of heterocyclic ring-fused 20(S)-protopanaxadiol derivatives.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are becoming a life-threatening issue in public health; therefore, it is urgent to develop novel antibacterial agents for treating infections caused by MDR bacteria. The 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) derivative 9 was identified as a novel antibacterial hit compound in screening of our small synthetic natural product-like (NPL) library. A series of novel PPD derivatives with heterocyclic rings fused at the C-2 and C-3 positions of the A-ring were synthesized and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) Newman strain and MDR S. aureus strains (USA300, NRS-1, NRS-70, NRS-100, NRS-108, NRS-271, XJ017, and XJ036) were evaluated. Among these compounds, quinoxaline derivative 56 (SH617) exhibited the highest activity with MICs of 0.5-4 µg/mL against the S. aureus Newman strain and the eight MDR S. aureus strains. Its antibacterial activity was comparable to that of the positive control, vancomycin. In the zebrafish, 56 revealed no obvious toxicity even at a high administered dose. In vivo, following a lethal infection induced by USA300 strains in zebrafish, 56 exhibited significantly increased survival rates in a dose-dependent manner.

Efficacy and safety of telitacicept in patients with lupus nephritis.

Although telitacicept is a promising drug for treating systemic lupus erythematosus, there are limited studies on its efficacy and safety in patients with lupus nephritis in China. This lack of research data restricts its potential for broader application and acceptance on a global scale. The present study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of telitacicept in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) in China. Using a self-controlled before-after comparison method, patients with LN were recruited at Lishui Central Hospital between February 2022 and April 2023, who received telitacicept weekly as part of the standard treatment. Data on the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K), glucocorticoid dosing and the quantity of immunosuppressive medicines prescribed was collected. Additionally, serum complements, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), urinary protein levels, immunoglobulin concentrations, serum creatinine levels, plasma albumin concentrations, platelet counts and renal function parameters were documented throughout the study. A total of 13 patients were enrolled in the trial, comprising 11 women and two men. Following 12-48 weeks of treatment with telitacicept (80 or 160 mg per week), 84.6% (n=11) of all patients experienced symptom relief and their SLEDAI-2K score was reduced by more than four points. By the observation endpoint, the median glucocorticoid dosage of the 13 patients was decreased from 15 to 2.5 mg/d, and six patients discontinued their glucocorticoids. Furthermore, 46.1% of patients (n=6) reduced their dose and number of immunosuppressive medicines, while 15.4% (n=2) stopped their immunosuppressive medicines. Minimal changes were observed in serum creatinine, platelet count, C3 levels and C4 levels among patients. Immunoglobulin levels (IgG, IgA and IgM) remained stable or showed an upward trend. Plasma albumin levels remained within the normal range in three patients and increased in ten patients. It increased to the normal range in three of these ten patients. At the endpoint, ESR levels decreased in all patients. Additionally, three patients displayed varying degrees of renal function improvement, and their estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/l.73 m2) increased from 127.8 to 134.2, 95.1 to 123.1 and 61.5 to 67.3, respectively. Urinary protein levels decreased in all patients. It decreased >0.5 g/l in seven patients and reached the normal levels in three patients. The adverse events of telitacicept were manageable. Among the patients infected with COVID-19, three patients had fever, 10 patients remained asymptomatic and none of them exhibited severe respiratory syndromes. In this study, telitacicept effectively stabilized LN activity and alleviated the clinical symptoms of most patients. Furthermore, it reduced the dose of glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive medicines. Therefore, telitacicept may be a promising treatment option for individuals with lupus nephritis.

SUMOylation at the crossroads of gut health: insights into physiology and pathology.

SUMOylation, a post-translational modification involving the covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins to target substrates, plays a pivotal role at the intersection of gut health and disease, influencing various aspects of intestinal physiology and pathology. This review provides a comprehensive examination of SUMOylation's diverse roles within the gut microenvironment. We examine its critical roles in maintaining epithelial barrier integrity, regulating immune responses, and mediating host-microbe interactions, thereby highlighting the complex molecular mechanisms that underpin gut homeostasis. Furthermore, we explore the impact of SUMOylation dysregulation in various intestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer, highlighting its implications as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target. By integrating current research findings, this review offers valuable insights into the dynamic interplay between SUMOylation and gut health, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring intestinal equilibrium and combating associated pathologies.

Restructuring and Hydrogen Evolution on Sub-Nanosized PdxBy Clusters.

As a Pt-group element, Pd has been regarded as one of the alternatives to Pt-based catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we performed density functional theory (DFT) computations to explore the most stable structures of PdxBy (x = 6, 19, 44), revealed the in situ structural reconstruction of these clusters under acidic conditions, and evaluated their HER activity. We found that the presence of B can prevent underpotential hydrogen adsorption and activate the H atoms on the cluster surface for the HER. The theoretical calculations show that the reaction barrier for the HER on ~1 nm sized Pd44B4 can be as low as 0.36 eV, which is even lower than for the same-sized Pt and Pd2B nanoparticles. The ultra-high HER activity of sub-nanosized PdxBy clusters makes them a potential new and efficient HER electro-catalyst. This study provides new ideas for evaluating and designing novel nanocatalysts based on the structural reconstruction of small-sized nanoparticles in the future.

Association between pre- and post-diagnosis healthy eating index 2020 and ovarian cancer survival: evidence from a prospective cohort study.

Background: Previous studies on the association between diet quality and ovarian cancer (OC) survival are limited and inconsistent. We evaluated the relationship between pre- and post-diagnosis diet quality based on the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020), as well as their changes and OC survival. Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 1082 patients with OC aged 18-79 years, enrolled between 2015 and 2022. Detailed dietary intake before and after diagnosis was recorded using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Deaths were ascertained until February 16th, 2023 via medical records and active follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: We included 549 OC cases with a median follow-up of 44.9 months, representing 206 total deaths. Higher HEI scores were associated with better OS (pre-diagnosis: HRT3 vs. T1 0.66, 95%CI: 0.46-0.93, HR1-SD 0.84, 95%CI: 0.73-0.96; post-diagnosis: HRT3 vs. T1 0.68, 95%CI: 0.49-0.96, HR1-SD 0.80, 95%CI: 0.69-0.92). Compared to the stable group, the group with decreased HEI scores (>3%) from pre- to post-diagnosis had worse OS (HR 1.93, 95%CI: 1.26-2.97). Conclusion: High pre- and post-diagnosis diet quality was associated with improved OC survival, whereas deterioration in diet quality after diagnosis was associated with decreased OC survival.

Identification of Cuproptosis-related Gene Lipoyltransferase 1 as a Promising Biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To find efficient cuproptosis-related biomarkers to explore the oncogenesis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS: All the original data were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to identify the gene related to survival. Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2.0 (TIMER 2.0) was used to reveal the different expression of cuproptosis-related gene lipoyltransferase 1 (LIPT1) in various kinds of tumours. RESULTS: LIPT1, as a cuproptosis-related gene, was found to be differentially expressed in the OSCC group and the control group. It was also found to be related to the prognosis of OSCC. Pan cancer analysis showed LIPT1 was also involved in various kinds of tumours. CONCLUSION: All the results demonstrate that the cuproptosis-related gene LIPT1 is highly involved in the oncogenesis and progression of OSCC. These findings give new insight for further research into the cuproptosis-related biomarkers in OSCC.

[Analysis of current situation of outcome indicators in randomized controlled trials on traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of Alzheimer's disease].

This study aims to analyze the current situation of outcome indicators in randomized controlled trial(RCT) of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment for Alzheimer's disease(AD), so as to provide a reference for establishing a core indicator set in this field. The researchers systematically searched CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Sino Med, EMbase, PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane Library. Independent screening of literature and extraction of information was conducted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition, the Ro B 2. 0 tool was used for bias risk assessment. A total of 78 RCTs were included, involving 6 379 patients,with 122 kinds of outcome indicators. According to functional attributes, the outcome indicators could be categorized into seven groups:TCM diseases(3 kinds, 13 times), symptoms and signs(26 kinds, 196 times), physical and chemical tests(68 kinds, 149 times),qua-lity of life(1 kind, 2 times), long-term prognosis(2 kinds, 2 times), economic evaluation(0 kind), safety events(21 kinds,194 times), and other indicators(1 kind, 1 time). The results show that the literature evaluation of RCTs of TCM treatment for AD is generally risky, and there are some problems in the selection of outcome indicators, such as lack of TCM characteristics, insignificant distinction between primary and secondary outcome indicators, lack of long-term prognosis and economic evaluation indicators, and non-standard safety event reports. It is suggested that future researchers should establish a core indicator set for AD that highlights the characteristics of TCM and then work to improve the quality of clinical trials.