Clinicopathological characteristics of immunoglobulin G4-related sialadenitis.

INTRODUCTION: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognized fibro-inflammatory condition. Forty-two cases with immunoglobulin G4-related sialadenitis (IgG4-RS) confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical assessment were studied to clarify the clinicopathologic characteristics of the salivary glands involved in IgG4-RS, especially the relationship between the histopathologic features and function of salivary glands or serum levels of IgG4. METHODS: Clinical, serologic, imaging and histopathological data of these cases were analyzed. CT volumes of submandibular, parotid, and lacrimal glands were calculated. The saliva flow rate was measured. Scintigraphy with 99mTc-pertechnetate was undertaken in 31 cases, and the concentration index (CI) and secretion index (SI) was calculated. Relationships between fibrosis severity and salivary gland function or serum IgG4 levels were analyzed. RESULTS: The first symptom was swelling of bilateral submandibular or lacrimal glands. Physical examination showed multiple bilateral major salivary glands (including sublingual and accessory parotid glands) and lacrimal glands were enlarged in IgG4 RS. Multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes were noted in 30 patients. Saliva flow at rest was lower than normal in 34 cases; stimulated saliva flow was lower than normal in 15 cases. Secretory function was reduced more severely in the submandibular glands than in the parotid glands. Serum levels of IgG4 were elevated in 95.2% of cases and 78.6% patients had increased IgE levels. Serum IgG4 level was higher and saliva secretion lower as glandular fibrosis increased. CONCLUSIONS: Prominent changes in the morphology, histology, immunohistochemistry and secretion of the major salivary glands of IgG4-RS patients were accompanied by involvement of the lacrimal glands and cervical lymph nodes. Elevated IgE, allergic history, eosinophil infiltration suggest allergic reactions as a potential pathogenesis of IgG4-RS. Severity of glandular fibrosis correlated with salivary function and serum levels of IgG4.

Well-designed strategy to construct helical silver(I) coordination polymers from flexible unsymmetrical bis(pyridyl) ligands: syntheses, structures, and properties.

In this Article, self-assembly of AgX (X = NO3(-) and ClO4(-)) salts and four flexible unsymmetrical bis(pyridyl) ligands, namely, N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)pyridin-3-amine (L1), N-(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)pyridin-2-amine (L2), N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)pyridin-2-amine (L3), and N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)pyridin-3-amine (L4), results in the formation of eight helical silver(I) coordination polymers, [Ag(L)(NO3)]n [L = L1 (1), L2 (2), L3 (3), L4 (4)] and [Ag(L)(ClO4)]n [L = L1 (5), L2 (6), L3 (7), L4 (8)], which have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG, PL, and powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The alternating one-dimensional (1-D) left- and right-handed helical chains are included in achiral complexes 1-3 and 5-8. By contrast, the ligand L4 only alternately bridges Ag(I) cation to form the 1-D right-handed helical chain in complex 4. The pitches of these helical chains locate in the range 5.694(5)-17.016(6) Å. Meanwhile, the present four unsymmetrical bis(pyridyl) ligands in the eight complexes present diverse cis-trans and trans-trans conformation and facilitate the construction of helical structures. Moreover, the solid-state luminescent emission intensities of the perchlorate-containing complexes are stronger than those of nitrate-containing complexes at room temperature.

catena-Poly[[diaqua-strontium(II)]-bis-[µ-2-(3-benzoyl-phen-yl)propano-ato]].

In the title coordination polymer, [Sr(C(16)H(13)O(3))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](n), the Sr(II) cation is eight-coordinated by six O atoms from four different 2-(3-benzoyl-phen-yl)propano-ate ligands and two O atoms of two water mol-ecules in a distorted dodeca-hedral geometry. Adjacent Sr(II) cations are bridged by two 2-(3-benzoyl-phen-yl)propano-ate ligands, forming an infinite chain along the b axis; the chains are further linked by inter-molecular O-H-O hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional supra-molecular network.