Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Coumarin Derivatives Containing Hydrazone Moiety.

Plant disease control mainly relies on pesticides. In this study, a series of coumarin derivatives containing hydrazone moiety were designed and synthesized. The synthesized compounds were characterized and used to evaluate the antifungal activity against four pathogens, Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Alternaria alternata. The results showed that the inhibition rate of some compounds at 100 µg/mL in 96 hours reached around 70 % against A. alternata, higher than that of the positive control. The corresponding EC50 values were found at around 30 µg/mL. Finally, the compound 3 b was screened out with the lowest EC50 value (19.49 µg/mL). The analysis of SEM and TEM confirmed that the compound 3 b can obviously damage the morphological structure of hyphae, resulting in the depletion of the cells by the destruction of morphological matrix and leakage of contents. RNA sequencing showed that compounds 3 b mainly affected the pentose phosphate pathway, which caused to destroy the layer of mitochondrial structure. Molecular docking showed that compounds 3 b fitted the binding pocket of yeast transketolase and interacted with lysine at the hydrazone structure. Our results suggested that the introduction of hydrazone was an effective strategy for the design of novel bioactive compounds.

Constructing an Anion-Braking Separator to Regulate Local Li+ Solvation Structure for Stabilizing Lithium Metal Batteries.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) offer significant advantages in energy density and output voltage, but they are severely limited by uncontrollable Li dendrite formation resulting from uneven Li+ behaviors and high reactivity with potential co-solvent plating. Herein, to uniformly enhance the Li behaviors in desolvation and diffusion, the local Li+ solvation shell structure is optimized by constructing an anion-braking separator, hence dynamically reducing the self-amplifying behavior of dendrites. As a prototypal, two-dimensional lithiated-montmorillonite (LiMMT) is blade-coated on the commercial separator, where abundant -OH groups as Lewis acidic sites and electron acceptors could selectively adsorb corresponding FSI- anions, regulating the solvation shell structure and restricting their migration. Meanwhile, the weakened anion mobility delays the time of breaking electrical neutrality, and the Li nucleation density is quantified through the respective experimental, theoretical and spectroscopical results, providing a comprehensive understanding of modifying anion and cation behaviors on dendritic growth suppression. As anticipated, a long Li plating/stripping lifespan up to 1800 h and a significantly increased average Coulombic efficiency of 98.8% are achieved under 3.0 mAh cm-2. The fabricated high-loading Li-LFP or Li-NCM523 full-cells display the cycle durability with enhanced capacity retention of nearly 100%, providing the instructive guide towards realizing dendrite-free LMBs.

Biomimetic multifunctional hybrid sponge via enzymatic cross-linking to accelerate infected burn wound healing.

Preparing sponge dressings with stable wet adhesion remains difficult in wound repair, especially in burn wounds with bleeding and large amounts of exudate. In this work, a multifunctional hybrid sponge dressing (DHGT+PHMB+TiO2NPs) with good wet adhesion was developed by combining biomimetic and enzymatic cross-linking reactions. The sponge dressing matrix (DHGT) was prepared by tyrosinase-catalyzed cross-linking of dopamine-modified hyaluronic acid (DOPA-HA) and gelatin. The multifunctional hybrid sponge dressing was obtained by loading polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) onto the DHGT matrix. The newly developed sponge dressing exhibited high mechanical properties, good wet adhesion, antibacterial activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, biocompatibility, and excellent hemostasis ability. In vivo studies showed that the multifunctional hybrid sponge dressing could significantly accelerate the healing of infected full-thickness burn wounds by inhibiting bacterial growth, accelerating skin tissue reepithelialization, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, as well as regulating the expression of inflammatory factors and cytokines.

Diagnostic accuracy of gastric filling ultrasonography in preoperative invasion depth (T stage) of gastric cancer: Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of gastric filling ultrasonography in the preoperative invasion depth (T staging) of gastric cancer. METHODS: We systematically searched several online electronic databases including CNKI, Wanfang Medical Database, VIP, CBM, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from January 2010 to December 2021, identifying the study about gastric filling ultrasonography for diagnostic of invasion depth of gastric cancer. Using bivariate mixed effect model to calculate the sensitivity (Sen), specificity (spe), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Draw the summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curve, likelihood ratio matrix and fagan diagram to evaluate the diagnostic value of gastric filling ultrasonography in the preoperative invasion depth of gastric cancer. Sen analysis and Publication bias tests were performed. RESULTS: This study obtained 21 literatures and the quality were good. The pooled Sen and spe of gastric filling ultrasonography was: T1: 0.63 (95% CI:0.51-0.73), 0.96 (95% CI:0.94-0.98); T2: 0.67 (95% CI:0.62-0.71), 0.90 (95% CI:0.88-0.93); T3: 0.79 (95% CI:0.75-0.82), 0.83 (95% CI:0.80-0.86); T4: 0.80 (95% CI:0.73-0.86), 0.96 (95% CI:0.94-0.97), respectively. In addition, the PLR and NLR of gastric filling ultrasonography was: T1: 16.74 (95% CI:9.98-28.09), 0.39 (95% CI:0.29-0.52); T2: 6.98 (95% CI:5.20-9.38), 0.36 (95% CI:0.31-0.42); T3: 4.65 (95% CI:3.78-5.73), 0.26 (95% CI:0.21-0.31); T4: 18.51 (95% CI:12.77-26.83), 0.20 (95% CI: 0.15-0.29), respectively. The DOR of gastric filling ultrasonography in T1-T4 was: 43.17 (95% CI:20.62-90.41),19.13 (95% CI:12.61-29.03), 18.15 (95% CI:12.86-25.62), 90.63 (95% CI:47.36-173.41), respectively. The sROC curve revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of T1-T4 was: 0.93, 0.82, 0.87, 0.97, respectively. Sen analysis indicated that the study was steadily. And there is no publication bias in this study. But the study has some heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: Gastric filling ultrasonography is useful for clinical preoperative T staging of gastric cancer, and the result indicate that the accuracy of gastric filling ultrasonography in discriminating T1-T4 is higher than that in discriminating T2 - T3. It can be used as an imaging diagnostic method for preoperative T staging of gastric cancer.

Establishment and Validation of a Nomogram Prognostic Model for Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma.

Background: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an ultrarare vascular sarcoma. At present, the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and prognostic factors are still unclear. Our study attempted to describe clinical features, investigate the prognostic indicators, and establish the nomogram prediction model based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for EHE patients. Methods: The patients diagnosed with EHE from 1986 to 2018 were collected from the SEER database and were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group at a ratio of 7 : 3. The Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the independent factors affecting prognosis and establish a nomogram prognostic model to predict the survival rates for patients with EHE. The accuracy and discriminative ability of the model were measured using the concordance index, receiver operating characteristic curves, and calibration curves. The clinical applicability and application value of the model were evaluated by decision curve analysis. Results: The overall age-adjusted incidence of EHE was 0.31 patients per 1,000,000 individuals, with a statistically significant difference per year. Overall survival at 1, 5, and 10 years for all patients was 76.5%, 57.4%, and 48.2%, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified age, tumour stage, degree of tissue differentiation, surgical treatment, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy as independent factors affecting prognosis (P < 0.05). The C-index values for our nomogram model of training group and validation group were 0.752 and 0.753, respectively. The calibration curve was in good agreement with the actual observation results, suggesting that the prediction model has good accuracy. The decision curve analysis indicated a relatively large net benefit. Conclusions: The nomogram model may play an important role in predicting the survival rate for EHE patients, with good concordance and accuracy, and can be applied in clinical practice.

Apatinib Functioned as Tumor Suppressor of Synovial Sarcoma through Regulating miR-34a-5p/HOXA13 Axis.

Objective: Synovial sarcoma is a rare malignant tumor. The role of apatinib in synovial sarcoma remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to determine the biological functions and the potential molecular mechanism of action of apatinib in synovial sarcoma. Methods: SW982 cells were stimulated with apatinib. The relative expression of the genes was determined by performing qPCR. Protein levels were evaluated by western blot and immunohistochemistry assays. Proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of SW982 cells were determined by the CCK-8 assay, clone formation assay, flow cytometry, wound healing, and the transwell assay, respectively. Additionally, SW982 cells were injected into mice to induce synovial sarcoma. Results: Apatinib decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion but increased the apoptosis of SW982 cells. Apatinib repressed tumor growth in vivo and elevated miR-34a-5p in SW982 cells. The inhibition of miR-34a-5p repressed the reduction of proliferation, migration, and invasion and also the elevation of apoptosis in apatinib-treated SW982 cells. The luciferase activity decreased after cotransfection of the miR-34a-5p mimic and the wild-type HOXA13 vector. Additionally, an increase in miR-34a-5p repressed the levels of HOXA13 mRNA and protein. Moreover, HOXA13 reversed these patterns caused by the inhibition of miR-34a-5p in apatinib-treated SW982 cells. Conclusion: Apatinib elevated miR-34a-5p and reduced HOXA13, leading to a significant decrease in proliferation, migration, and invasion, along with an enhancement of apoptosis in SW982 cells. Apatinib suppressed tumorigenesis and tumor growth in SW982 cells in vivo.

Corrigendum: Successful treatment of a patient with multiple-line relapsed extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer receiving penpulimab combined with anlotinib: A case report.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.846597.].

Cystathionine ß-synthase expression correlates with tumor development and poor prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the expression of cystathionine ß-synthase (CBS) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and the microvascular density (MVD) and clinicopathological features. Firstly, the expression status of CBS in diffuse carcinoma and LUSC was searched through the public bioinformatics database. Subsequently, immunohistochemical staining and scoring were performed on tumor tissues and matched normal tissues from 108 LUSC patients to assess CBS expression; the MVD of tumor tissues was also detected. The results showed that CBS was overexpressed in some tumor tissues, including LUSC. Immunohistochemical results showed that the positive expression rate of CBS in tumor tissues (63.0%) was higher than that in normal tissues (17.6%). The expression of CBS was correlated with T (p=0.01), N (p=0.004), TNM (p=0.011) stages, and tumor differentiation degrees (p<0.001), with the increase of T, N, and TNM stages or the decrease of differentiation, the expression level of CBS also increased. In addition, the expression level of CBS was positively correlated with MVD (r=0.6997, p<0.0001). Survival analysis showed that the survival rate of the CBS negative expression group was better than that of the positive expression group (p=0.004). Cox multivariate analysis showed that CBS expression status (p<0.001), T stages (p=0.020), and TNM stages (p=0.021) were independent factors affecting the prognosis of LUSC. In conclusion, the high expression of CBS affects tumor development and is associated with the poor prognosis of LUCS, which may be used as a biomarker to evaluate prognosis and find a new direction for the treatment of LUSC.

A Nomogram Model for Evaluating the Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis in cT2-cT4N0M0 Gastric Cancer Population.

BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an important treatment for advanced gastric cancer, but it has been unclear whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy is closely related to lymph node metastasis. Therefore, based on the disease characteristics of the cT2-cT4N0M0 gastric cancer population, this study established a nomogram prediction model of lymph node metastasis risk in this gastric cancer population to help clinicians optimize clinical decision-making. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed the data of 336 patients with advanced gastric cancer with CT imaging stage of cT2-cT4N0M0 admitted to the Third Department of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from 2015 to 2021. Combined with the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, 7 indicators were selected to establish a nomogram prediction model. The calibration curves, ROC curves, and decision curves were drawn against the nomogram model using R language. RESULTS The results showed that the AUC value of the model and the external validation data set were 0.925 and 0.911, respectively. The P value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the internal validation dataset was 0.082, and the P value of Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the external validation dataset was 0.076.The decision curve results showed that when the threshold probability was 0.1-0.9, this model could benefit patients by predicting the risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with advanced gastric cancer, and formulating appropriate treatment schemes accordingly. CONCLUSIONS This nomogram has shown good discrimination and fit, and can also be combined with imaging examination to screen the populations suitable for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, avoid the risk of misdiagnosis of N staging to the greatest extent, and to assist clinicians to optimize clinical decision-making.

An injectable double network hydrogel with hemostasis and antibacterial activity for promoting multidrug-resistant bacteria infected wound healing.

Multidrug-resistant bacteria infections frequently occur in wound care due to the excessive use of antibiotics. It can cause scar formation, wound closure delay, multiple organ failure, and high mortality. Here, a double network hydrogel with injectability, hemostasis, and antibacterial activity was developed to prompt multidrug-resistant bacteria infected wound healing. The double network hydrogel is composed of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), oxidized dextran (ODex), ε-polylysine (EPL), and bacitracin, and formed through the Schiff-base and UV-initiated crosslinking reaction. The injectable hydrogel with an adhesion effect could adapt to the irregular shape of the wound and possesses good hemostatic ability. The hydrogel presents good flexibility and rapid resilience due to its double network structure, and it can prompt cell proliferation and migration. In particular, the hydrogel has broad-spectrum in vitro antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, E. coli, and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and disrupts E. coli and MRSA biofilms. In vivo results demonstrated that the hydrogel can completely heal MRSA-infected wound in rats within 15 days, through inhibiting the growth of bacteria, accelerating skin tissue reepithelialization, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis, as well as adjusting the expression of CD31, α-SMA, and TNF-α. The findings of this study suggest that the presented hydrogel could enhance multidrug-resistant bacteria infected wound healing and mitigate antimicrobial resistance.

DNA and Histone Methylation Regulates Different Types of Fruit Ripening by Transcriptome and Proteome Analyses.

Methylation affects different aspects of genetic material stability, gene expression regulation, and histone modification. The previous reports depicted that DNA and histone methylation regulates plant growth and development. In this study, we evaluated the effects of DNA and histone methylation on 'Hongjia' strawberry and 'Lichun' tomato. We investigated the transient transformation system for arginine methyltransferase (FvPRMT1.5) overexpression and interference and assessed the phenotypic appearance and mRNA and protein expression levels. Results depicted that changes in methylation levels caused inhibition of carotenoids and anthocyanins. Furthermore, the profiling of aroma components was altered in response to 5-azacytidine. DNA hypomethylation induced the expression levels of genes involved in photosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and hormone signal transduction pathways, while the expression levels of related proteins showed a downward trend. Overall, we proposed a model that reveals the possible regulatory effects of DNA and histone methylation during fruit ripening.

Jasmonate increases terpene synthase expression, leading to strawberry resistance to Botrytis cinerea infection.

KEY MESSAGE: Jasmonate induced FaTPS1 to produce terpene, and overexpression FaTPS1 led to fruit resistant against B. cinerea infection, FaMYC2 induced FaTPS1 by binding to its promoter that downstream of jasmonate. Jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives are associated with plant defence responses against pathogenic organisms. In the present study, a total of 10,631 differentially expressed genes, 239 differentially expressed proteins, and 229 differential metabolites were screened and found to be mainly involved in pathogen perception, hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction, photosynthesis, and secondary metabolism. In strawberry fruits, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) induced FaTPS1 expression and quickly increased the terpene content. Furthermore, FaTPS1 overexpression increased the emission of sesquiterpenes, especially germacrene D, and improved strawberry resistance against Botrytis cinerea infection, although the knockdown of FaTPS1 increased its susceptibility to the same pathogen. Using a yeast one-hybrid assay and transient expression analysis, we demonstrated that FaMYC2 can bind to the G-box element in the promoter region of FaTPS1, thus inducing FaTPS1 expression. MeJA also stimulated FaMYC2 expression and regulated downstream signalling cascades. Moreover, we presented a possible model of the new signalling pathway of MeJA-mediated strawberry resistance to B. cinerea.

Successful Treatment of a Patient With Multiple-Line Relapsed Extensive-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Penpulimab Combined With Anlotinib: A Case Report.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly malignant, rapidly developing group of diseases with poor biological behavior. Most patients have extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) when they are first diagnosed. Standard chemotherapy is prone to relapse in a short period of time, and the patients' median overall survival (OS) can reach only 13 months when chemotherapy is given in combination with PD-L1 inhibitors. To date, no studies have verified the efficacy and safety of the composite treatment of ES-SCLC with penpulimab and anlotinib despite some recognized data and advantages related to this regimen. Penpulimab, a novel PD-1 inhibitor with an IgG1 subtype, has a structural modification of the Fc segment which can prevent the immune cells from being phagocytosed or killed and can steadily avoid tumor immune escape. This case report describes a 71-year-old man who had ES-SCLC for 7 years which progressed after receiving standard systemic chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy. The third-line treatment of four cycles of anlotinib and carilizumab was discontinued because of grade 2 immune-related pneumonia despite the efficacy being evaluated as stable disease. After maintaining 22 months of progression-free survival, the patient relapsed and switched to a safer regimen of penpulimab combined with anlotinib to continue the treatment for four cycles. Partial response evaluation was confirmed twice, and the patient remained in good general condition. The combination of penpulimab and anlotinib can positively regulate the therapeutic effect by simultaneously acting on the tumor microenvironment and promoting blood vessel normalization. In general, this case provides support for the successful possibility of a rechallenge with immune checkpoint inhibitors, the better clinical efficacy of cross-line therapy with anlotinib, and the drug safety of penpulimab, suggesting a beneficial therapy for the clinical treatment of ES-SCLC.

Expression and clinical significance of IL-33 and its receptor ST2 in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by a majority population of respiratory sleep disorders, which consists of simple snoring as well as increased upper airway resistance syndrome. Adenoid hypertrophy has been suggested as the main cause of OSAS in children. The role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its receptor suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) in a variety of pediatric allergic diseases has been confirmed. We hypothesized that IL-33/ST2 path way might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of adenoid hypertrophy-associated OSAS in children. METHODS: A total of 40 children undergoing adenoidectomy due to OSAS in the Otolaryngology of Tianjin Children's Hospital were selected as the study participants. The quantity of IL-33 and ST2 positive cells in adenoids was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) streptavidin-peroxidase conjugate (SP) method. RESULTS: The IL-33 positive cells were mainly distributed in the submucosa epithelium and vascular endothelium, and expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Meanwhile, ST2 positive cells were primarily observed in the mucosa and expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm, with a little expression of intercellular substance. There was a positive correlation between the proportion of adenoids in the posterior nostril diameter and the number of IL-33 positive cells. The expression of IL-33 in adenoids was positively correlated with the level of ST2 (r=0.809, P=0.000). The expression of IL-33 in adenoids was positively correlated with the level of eosinophil granulocyte (r=0.859, P=0.000). Moreover, the expression of ST2 in adenoids was positively correlated with the level of eosinophil granulocyte (r=0.814, P=0.000). The number of IL-33 positive cells was significantly higher in the moderate hypoxemia group than that in the mild hypoxemia group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of ST2 positive cells between the moderate hypoxemia group and mild hypoxemia group (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both IL-33 and its receptor ST2 were expressed in adenoids of OSAS children. The severity of airway obstruction caused by adenoid hypertrophy was positively correlated with the expression of IL-33.

Lithium/Graphene Composite Anode with 3D Structural LiF Protection Layer for High-Performance Lithium Metal Batteries.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage devices. However, the high irreversibility and dead Li accumulation of the lithium metal anode caused by its fragile original solid electrolyte interface (SEI) seriously hinder the practical application of LMBs. Herein, a facile slurry-coating and one-step thermal fluorination reaction method is proposed to construct the 3D structural LiF-protected Li/G composite anode. The existence of a 3D LiF protection layer is convincingly confirmed and the function of the Li/G skeleton is discussed in detail. The 3D structural LiF protection layer results in superior electrochemical performance by improving the utilization of Li and suppressing the accumulation of dead Li in symmetric and full coin cells. Moreover, a 0.85 Ah pouch cell strictly following the parameters of the practical battery industry can work stably for 140 cycles with a gradual internal resistance increase. This novel Li/G composite anode indicates a promising strategy in lithium/carbon composite anodes for LMBs, and the facile thermal fluorination reaction method presented in this paper offers a new method for the construction of a 3D structural protection layer for lithium metal anodes.

Comparing the efficacy and safety of cement-augmented fenestrated pedicle screws and conventional pedicle screw in surgery for spinal metastases: a retrospective comparative cohort study.

Background: The incidence of cancer patients with bone metastasis is increasing annually. With the advancement of medical treatment for malignant tumors, the survival time of patients with spinal metastases is gradually being prolonged, and adjacent segment vertebral metastases often occur after conventional pedicle screw (CPS) surgery, leading to spinal instability, pain and nerve function injury again, with repeated symptoms. Combined pedicle screw fixation can maintain or reconstruct the spinal stability. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of cement-augmented fenestrated pedicle screws in the posterior approach for spinal metastases by comparing with CPS. Methods: From January 2017 to August 2019, 52 patients with spinal metastases who underwent separation surgery and internal fixation via posterior approach were retrospectively enrolled. Cases were divided into the cement-augmented pedicle screw (CAPS) group (28 cases) and the CPS group (24 cases). The baseline data [age, gender, surgical sites, surgical segment, Tomita classification, Tomita score, Tokuhashi score, spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS)], surgical information, and local progression-free survival (PFS) time were compared between the two groups. Every patient was followed-up every 3 months with imaging examination. The visual analog scale (VAS) score and Frankel grade of the two groups were recorded before and 3 months after the operation were used to evaluate the efficacy. The operation time, the amount of intraoperative blood loss, the amount of bone cement injected in the pedicle screw group, and the complications of the surgery were recorded to evaluate the safety of CAPS. Results: The baseline characteristics were comparable between the two group. Compared with the CPS group, the CAPS group showed significantly longer operation time (163±20 vs. 138±18 min, P<0.001) and lower VAS scores (2.93±1.33 vs. 4.17±1.34, P=0.002). Adjacent segment vertebral metastasis occurred in 10 cases (2 in the CAPS group and 8 in the CPS group, P=0.017). Internal implant failure occurred in 8 cases (1 in the CAPS group and 7 in the CPS group, P=0.011). Compared with the CPS group, the CAPS group had a significantly longer local PFS time (P<0.05). Conclusions: CAPS could be a safe and effective choice in surgery for spinal metastases with the posterior approach.

Meta-analysis of the efficacy of Da Vinci robotic or laparoscopic distal subtotal gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Robotic-assisted gastrectomy has been used for treating gastric cancer since 2002. This meta-analysis was conducted to systematically evaluate the efficacy of Da Vinci robotic distal subtotal gastrectomy (RDG) or laparoscopic distal subtotal gastrectomy (LDG) in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS: We conducted searches in domestic and foreign databases, and collected literature in Chinese and English on the efficacy of RDG and LDG for gastric cancer that have been published since the inception of the database. RevMan 5.4.1 was used for meta-analysis and drawing and Stata14.0 was used for publication bias analysis. RESULTS: A total of 3293 patients in 15 studies were included, including 1193 patients in the RDG group and 2100 patients in the LDG groups respectively. The meta-analysis showed that intraoperative blood loss was significantly lower and the number of resected lymph nodes was higher in the RDG group compared to that in the LDG group. In addition, the times to first postoperative food intake and postoperative hospital stay were shortened, and there was a longer length of distal resection margin and prolonged duration of operation. No significant differences were found between the 2 groups with respect to the first postoperative anal exhaust time, length of proximal resection margin, total postoperative complication rate, postoperative anastomotic leakage rate, incidence of postoperative gastric emptying disorder, pancreatic fistula rate, recurrence rate, and mortality rate. CONCLUSION: RDG is a safe and feasible treatment option for gastric cancer, and it is non-inferior or even superior to LDG with respect to therapeutic efficacy and radical treatment.

Deep Learning on MRI Images for Diagnosis of Lung Cancer Spinal Bone Metastasis.

This paper aimed to explore the adoption of deep learning algorithms in lung cancer spinal bone metastasis diagnosis. Comprehensive analysis was carried out with the aid of AdaBoost algorithm and Chan-Vese (CV) algorithm. 87 patients with lung cancer spinal bone metastasis were taken as research subjects, and comprehensive evaluation was made in terms of preliminary classification of images, segmentation results, Dice index, and Jaccard coefficient. After the case of misjudgment on whether there was hot spot was excluded, the initial classification accuracy of the AdaBoost algorithm can reach 96.55%. True positive rate (TPR) was 2.3%, and false negative rate (FNR) was 1.15%. 45 MRI images with hot spots were utilized as test set to detect the segmentation accuracy of CV, maximum between-cluster variance method (OTSU), and region growing algorithm. The results showed that the Dice index and Jaccard coefficient of the CV algorithm were 0.8591 and 0.8002, respectively, which were considerably superior to OTSU (0.6125 and 0.5541) and region growing algorithm (0.7293 and 0.6598). In summary, the AdaBoost algorithm was adopted for image preliminary classification, and CV algorithm for image segmentation was ideal for the diagnosis of lung cancer spinal bone metastasis and it was worthy of clinical promotion.

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR promotes the progression of synovial sarcoma through microRNA-126/stromal cell-derived factor-1 regulation.

The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR is an oncogene, that has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in multiple types of malignant tumor tissues. However, its expression and association with synovial sarcoma (SS) remains unclear. The present study aimed to elucidate the expression level of HOTAIR in SS tissues and also identify its role. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of HOTAIR and microRNA (miR)-126 in 54 tissue samples from patients with SS, in 10 tissue samples from synovium tissues of normal patients, and in SW982 cells. The protein expression level was measured using western blot analysis and cellular immunofluorescence. Cellular proliferation, invasion and migration were assessed using MTT, Transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. HOTAIR was expressed at high levels in SS tissues. In contrast, miR-126 was expressed at low levels in SS tissues, and was negatively correlated with HOTAIR expression. HOTAIR knockdown in SW982 cells inhibited cellular proliferation in vitro, but also significantly increased the ratio of cells in the G1/G0 phase of the cell cycle, and decreased the ratio of cells in the G2/S phase. In addition, HOTAIR knockdown inhibited the invasion and migration of the SW982 cells, as observed in the Transwell and wound healing assays. Furthermore, HOTAIR knockdown increased miR-126 expression level and decreased the expression level of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) at the protein level. On the other hand, while miR-126-mimic decreased the protein expression level of SDF-1, miR-126-inhibitor increased its expression level in SW982 cells. Notably, HOTAIR knockdown or SDF-1 knockout significantly decreased the protein expression levels of CDK1, CDK2, cyclin D1, MMP-9, vimentin and N-cadherin, and significantly increased the protein expression levels of p21, p53 and E-cadherin in SW982 cells. HOTAIR was highly expressed in SS tissues, wherein it could promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of SS cells by increasing the expression of SDF-1 via miR-126 inhibition.

Demethylation alters transcriptome profiling of buds and leaves in 'Kyoho' grape.

BACKGROUND: Grape buds and leaves are directly associated with the physiology and metabolic activities of the plant, which is monitored by epigenetic modifications induced by environment and endogenous factors. Methylation is one of the epigenetic regulators that could be involved in DNA levels and affect gene expression in response to stimuli. Therefore, changes of gene expression profile in leaves and bud through inhibitors of DNA methylation provide a deep understanding of epigenetic effects in regulatory networks. RESULTS: In this study, we carried out a transcriptome analysis of 'Kyoho' buds and leaves under 5-azacytidine (5-azaC) exposure and screened a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO and KEGG annotations showed that they are mainly involved in photosynthesis, flavonoid synthesis, glutathione metabolism, and other metabolic processes. Functional enrichment analysis also provided a holistic perspective on the transcriptome profile when 5-azaC bound to methyltransferase and induced demethylation. Enrichment analysis of transcription factors (TFs) also showed that the MYB, C2H2, and bHLH families are involved in the regulation of responsive genes under epigenetic changes. Furthermore, hormone-related genes have also undergone significant changes, especially gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA)-related genes that responded to bud germination. We also used protein-protein interaction network to determine hub proteins in response to demethylation. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide new insights into the establishment of molecular regulatory networks according to how methylation as an epigenetic modification alters transcriptome patterns in bud and leaves of grape.