Efficacy of bone ring grafts for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge deficiencies: a systematic review. Part II: animal trials.

Background: Bone ring (BR) grafts have been introduced to reconstruct alveolar ridge defects with simultaneous implant placement, but their clinical effectiveness remains undetermined. The aim of the current systematic review was to critically appraise evidence from animal studies regarding the effectiveness of BR grafts in alveolar ridge reconstruction and their variations under different surgical protocols. Methods: Electronic retrieval of six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus) and citation search until 11 October 2023, for animal studies on bone augmentation employing BR grafts. The outcome variables were total bone area (BA), bone volume (BV), bone-implant contact (BIC), and histology. The protocol was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023453949). Results: Ten studies were included in the qualitative analysis according to the screening criteria. Two studies demonstrated favorable bone remodeling and osseointegration of the BR with both the implant and pristine bone. A comparative study between autogenous BRs and allogenic BRs reported a higher percentage of BA and BIC at 4 months of healing, but conflicting data were observed at 8 months. Another study indicated a significant advantage of autogenous BRs over bovine and biphasic ceramic BRs in terms of BA and BIC after 5 weeks. Three studies found that using collagen membranes did not significantly affect BA, BV, or BIC when used simultaneously with autogenous BRs during implant placement. Two studies evaluated one-stage and two-stage implant placement in conjunction with BR grafts, revealing similar levels of BA, BV, and BIC except for differences in total treatment time. Furthermore, one study found that the use of mucogingival junction incision and split-thickness flap significantly reduced the incidence of wound dehiscence compared with conventional incision and flap. Conclusions: Vertical bone augmentation surgery utilizing BR grafts with one-stage implant placement yielded histological and histomorphometric outcomes comparable to those achieved with two-stage implant placement or the additional application of collagen membrane.

Efficacy of bone ring grafts for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge deficiencies: A systematic review. Part I: Clinical trials.

BACKGROUND: Bone ring (BR) grafts have been introduced to reconstruct alveolar ridge defects with simultaneous implant placement, but its clinical effectiveness remains undetermined. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively investigate BR grafts in diverse scenarios of ridge defect with simultaneous or staged implant placement. METHODS: Electronic retrieval of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library(CENTRAL), Web of Science, Scopus, and citation search until August 3, 2023, was used to identify relevant clinical articles that utilized BR grafts for ridge defect reconstruction. The quality of evidence in the studies reviewed was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. The protocol was registered in Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023453943). RESULTS: Fourteen studies with 251 BRs were identified, of which 8 studies were for alveolar ridge augmentation, 4 studies were for extraction socket augmentation, and 2 studies were for sinus floor elevation. Reported sources of BRs included autografts, allografts, and xenografts. The follow-up period ranged from 4 months to 4.7 years. Regarding the primary outcomes, the utilization of BR grafts demonstrated favorable bone gain along with acceptable graft absorption and marginal bone loss. Regarding the secondary outcomes, satisfactory bone mineral density and implant stability were confirmed, accompanied by a recorded incidence of postoperative complications (20 cases) and an implant failure rate of 5.58%. CONCLUSIONS: BR grafting with simultaneous or staged implant insertion is an effective approach for reconstructing alveolar ridge deficiencies. The BR grafts demonstrate favorable bone remodeling and osteointegration with the alveolar bone and implant; however, its success may be compromised by complications. Future studies should further investigate the clinical efficacy of BR grafting comparing to other bone augmentation techniques in diverse scenarios.

Overweight and obesity determined by body mass index criteria for Asian populations adversely affect assisted reproductive outcomes among Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a common feature in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and is associated with multiple adverse reproductive outcomes. However, the impact of overweight and obesity on reproductive outcomes of women with PCOS who underwent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is currently controversial and appropriate body mass index (BMI) levels differ across ethnic groups. METHODS: This was a retrospective study including 1066 women with PCOS receiving IVF treatment at our institution between January 2018 and June 2021, among whom 960 underwent their first fresh or frozen embryo transfer. Participants were categorized according to BMI cut-off values proposed by the World Health Organization for Asian populations: normal weight (BMI < 23 kg/m2), overweight (BMI: 23-24.9 kg/m2), and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). The effect of BMI on clinical and embryological outcomes was evaluated by descriptive statistics and logistic regression models with confounders adjusted. The dose-response relationship between BMI as a continuous variable and IVF outcomes is also explored. INTERVENTIONS: no RESULTS: Increasing BMI was associated with significantly lower numbers of total oocytes retrieved, metaphase II oocytes, two pronuclear (2PN) zygotes, and good-quality embryos among women with PCOS. Patients with PCOS with a BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 had significantly lower live birth rates (41.9% vs. 49.1%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57-0.97) and implantation rates (35.8% vs. 43.9%; aOR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61-0.93) than those with normal BMI. Moreover, BMI showed a non-linear relationship (p for nonlinearity <0.001) with the number of 2PN zygotes with the curve becoming steeper as BMI surpassed 22.4 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PCOS with a BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 have lower live birth rates than those with a BMI < 23 kg/m2. Defining obesity and overweight with ethnicity-specific BMI cut-offs may help to improve IVF outcomes among PCOS patients.

Prediction of mortality and overt hepatic encephalopathy undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a retrospective cohort study.

PURPOSE: Data on medium- and long-term efficacy and safety of Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) using Viatorr stents in Chinese patients are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the 5-year mortality and the incidence of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) after Viatorr stent insertion, and construct a model to predict post-TIPS OHE preoperatively. METHODS: One hundred thirty-two patients undergoing Viatorr stent insertion in our institution between August 2016 and December 2019 were included, and randomly divided into training and validation cohort at a 70/30 ratio. Patients were followed up until death or the end date of follow-up (December 31st, 2021). The primary end point was all-cause mortality, and the secondary end points were OHE, variceal rebleeding, recurrent ascites and shunt dysfunction. RESULTS: The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year cumulative survival rates were 92.4%, 87.9%, 85.3%, 80.2% and 80.2%, respectively. Post-TIPS OHE and Child-Pugh grade were independent prognostic factors. The rates of variceal rebleeding, recurrent ascites, shunt dysfunction and post-TIPS OHE were 9.1%, 14.3%, 5.3% and 28.0%, respectively. The variables of nomogram predicting post-TIPS OHE included age, diabetes and ascites grade. The area under time-dependent receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) in training and validation cohort were 0.806 and 0.751, respectively. The decision curve analysis (DCA) showed good net benefit both in training and validation cohort. CONCLUSION: Post-TIPS OHE and Child-Pugh grade are independent prognostic factors for early mortality in cirrhosis patients, thus we construct a simple and convenient prediction model for post-TIPS OHE to identify high-risk patients preoperatively.

Efficacy of autogenous particulated dentin graft for alveolar ridge preservation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: Autogenous particulate dentin (APD) has been used as a bone graft material for bone augmentation, but the specifics of its effect on alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) are uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and histomorphometric performance of APD compared with blood clot healing or other grafted materials in ARP. METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library and citation databases were searched until August 2, 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials that employed APD for ARP. Two independent meta-analyses were performed based on the different control groups (Group I: blood clot healing; Group II: other grafted materials). Weighted or mean differences (MDs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023409339). RESULTS: A total of 238 records were identified, of which ten studies with 182 participants were included. The meta-analysis indicated that APD resulted in fewer changes in horizontal ridge width (Group I: MD = 1.61, 95% CI 0.76-2.46; Group II: MD = 1.28, 95% CI 1.08-1.48) and labial bone height (Group I: MD = 1.75, 95% CI 0.56-2.94; Group II: P < .05) than the control treatments. Regarding histomorphometry, APD yielded a satisfactory proportion of vital bone area (MD = 10.51, 95% CI 4.70-16.32) and residual material area (MD = -8.76, 95% CI -12.81 to -4.71) in Group II, while there was no significant difference in Group I. Moreover, none of the secondary outcomes were significantly differed between groups. CONCLUSION: Within this study limitations, APD effectively maintained the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the extraction sockets and exhibited favorable osteogenic properties and degradation capacity. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials with larger samples and longer follow-up periods are needed to evaluate whether APD is superior to other substitutes for ARP.

Efficacy of autogenous tooth block for lateral ridge augmentation compared with autogenous bone block: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Autogenous tooth block (ATB) has been used as an alternative material for bone regeneration, but its efficacy compared with autogenous bone block (ABB) remains uncertain. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate and compare the clinical and histological performance of ATB and ABB grafts in lateral alveolar ridge augmentation (LARA). METHODS: Electronic retrieval of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), Scopus, Web of Science, China national knowledge infrastructure, Wanfang data, SinoMed, and manual searching until July 2023 were used to identify controlled clinical trials employing ATB grafts in LARA. The identified reports included at least one of the following outcome variables: ridge width gain, graft resorption, postoperative complications, histology, and histomorphometry. Weighted or mean differences (MD), relative risk, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Descriptive analysis was applied to the qualitative statistics. The protocol followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement and was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023399611). RESULTS: Four controlled clinical trials with 77 participants each using ATB and ABB grafts were included. Meta-analysis indicated that ATB grafts resulted in greater bone width (MD = 1.31, 95% CI [0.92, 1.71], P < .00001) and less graft resorption (MD = -0.71, 95% CI [-1.22, -0.21], P = .005) than ABB grafts on LARA. There was no statistical difference in postoperative complications between ATB and ABB grafts (relative risk = 0.81, 95% CI [0.32, 2.04], P = .66). Furthermore, the ATB grafts exhibited positive replacement resorption with alveolar bone for favorable signs of new bone activity on histology and histomorphometry. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, ATB grafts could serve as an alternative material for ABB to support LARA. Further research with a longer follow-up period is required to verify these findings.

Role of Intraoperative Imaging in Improving Closed Reduction of Zygomatic Arch Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: The use of intraoperative imaging (IOI) to improve the reduction adequacy of zygomatic arch (ZMA) fractures has been reported, but few systematic reviews have examined this topic. The aim of this review was to investigate and compare the value of IOI with conventional methods without IOI (N-IOI) for the closed reduction of ZMA fractures. METHODS: Electronic retrieval of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and citation search until December 2, 2022, was used to identify controlled clinical trials that employed IOI for improving adequacy in closed reduction of ZMA fractures. The predictor variable was the use of IOI-yes/no (IOI vs N-IOI). The covariates included imaging technique (ultrasound, C-arm, and cone beam computed tomography) and ZMA fracture type (M-shape fracture, mechanistic force in 1 direction; variable fracture, mechanistic force in 2 directions). The primary outcome variables were the reduction adequacy of ZMA fractures (the remaining cortical step and dislocation angle) compared with the ideal mirrored position. Weighted or mean differences, risk ratios, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated, where P >.05 and I2＜50% fixed effect model was adopted, and a vice versa random effect model was adopted. RESULTS: A total of 1250 studies were identified, of which 6 studies with 259 participants were included. The meta-analysis results indicated that compared with N-IOI, IOI yielded fewer cortical steps (-1.76 [-2.42, 1.10], P ＜.00001, fixed model) and dislocation angles (-5.60 [-8.08, 3.12], P＜.00001, fixed model) in patients with variable ZMA fractures, while no significant difference was detected in the M-shape ZMA fracture (-0.72, [-2.93, 1.48], P = .52; -1.48, [-3.51, 0.55], P = .15). Although there was no significant difference in postoperative correction (0.35, [0.06, 2.01] P = .24, fixed model), all secondary revision cases occurred in the N-IOI group. Descriptive analysis showed that IOI yielded better symmetry and appearance satisfaction. CONCLUSION: IOI improved the adequacy of the procedure and led to a better postoperative appearance, especially for patients with variable ZMA fractures. Furthermore, the use of IOI avoided the risk of secondary surgery. In future studies, researchers should standardize the scale and outcomes to facilitate the intuitive evaluation of reduction adequacy.

Background-Quenched Aggregation-Induced Emission through Electrostatic Interactions for the Detection of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Activity.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for cancers that can catalyze the poly-ADP-ribosylation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) onto the acceptor proteins to form long poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymers. Through integration with aggregation-induced emission (AIE), a background-quenched strategy for the detection of PARP1 activity was designed. In the absence of PARP1, the background signal caused by the electrostatic interactions between quencher-labeled PARP1-specitic DNA and tetraphenylethene-substituted pyridinium salt (TPE-Py, a positively charged AIE fluorogen) was low due to the fluorescence resonance energy transfer effect. After poly-ADP-ribosylation, the TPE-Py fluorogens were recruited by the negatively charged PAR polymers to form larger aggregates through electrostatic interactions, thus enhancing the emission. The detection limit of this method for PARP1 detection was found to be 0.006 U with a linear range of 0.01~2 U. The strategy was used to evaluate the inhibition efficiency of inhibitors and the activity of PARP1 in breast cancer cells with satisfactory results, thus showing great potential for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring.

The Feasibility Study of Intraoperative RLN Monitoring Using Cricothyroid Membrane-Inserted Needle Electrodes During Thyroid Surgery.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the feasibility, stability, safety, and economy of cricothyroid membrane (CM)-inserted needle electrodes for recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring. STUDY DESIGN: Parallel and controlled study. SETTING: Clinical research center for thyroid diseases of Shaanxi province. METHODS: A total of 64 patients in the needle electrodes group (104 recurrent laryngeal nerves [RLNs]) and 44 patients in the endotracheal tube (ETT)-based electrodes group (80 RLNs) underwent monitored thyroidectomy. The evoked electromyography (EMG) signals detected by the 2 electrodes were recorded and analyzed. The changes in EMG during Berry's ligament traction and tracheal displacement were compared. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative laryngoscopy within 1 week. RESULTS: Both electrodes successfully recorded typical evoked laryngeal EMG waveforms from RLNs. The needle electrodes recorded relatively higher amplitudes and similar latencies compared to ETT-based electrodes. The evoked EMG signals attributed to needle electrodes could accurately predict the function of RLNs with 100% sensitivity and specificity. The reduction in the recorded amplitudes attributed to needle electrodes was higher than that observed with ETT-based electrodes during Berry's ligament traction or trachea displacement, whereas a similar increase in the latencies was recorded in the 2 groups. Particularly, Berry's ligament traction was more likely to lead to EMG amplitude reduction and latency prolongation. The needle electrodes group recorded 2 cases of minor bleeding on the CM. The needle electrodes were more cost-effective than ETT-based electrodes. CONCLUSION: The CM-inserted needle electrodes are feasible, stable, safe, and economical for RLN monitoring, and they provide an alternative novel intraoperative neural monitoring format for thyroid surgeons.

The Role of Intraoperative Navigation in Surgical Treatment of Unilateral Zygomatic Complex Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE: The application of a computer-aided navigation system (CANS) in zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures has been extensively reported, but individual results are heterogeneous. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the role of CANS in the surgical treatment of unilateral ZMC fractures. METHODS: Electronic retrieval of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) and manual searching until November 1, 2022 were used to identify cohort studies and randomized controlled trials employing CANS in the surgical treatment of ZMC fractures. The identified reports contained at least 1 of the following outcome variables: accuracy of reduction, total treatment time, amount of bleeding, postoperative complications, satisfaction, and cost. Weighted or mean differences (MD), risk ratios, and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, where P＜.05 and I2＞50% random-effect model was adopted, and a vice versa fixed-effect model was adopted. Descriptive analysis was applied to qualitative statistics. The protocol was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022373135). RESULTS: A total of 562 studies were identified, of which 2 cohort studies and 3 randomized controlled trials with 189 participants were included. Meta-analysis indicated that employing CANS significantly decreased the reduction error (MD = -0.86, 95% CI -1.58 to -0.14; P = .02, random-effect model) compared with conventional surgery without using CANS. The differences in total treatment time (preoperative planning time: MD = 1.44, 95% CI -3.55 to 6.43; P = .57 and operative time: MD = 3.02, 95% CI -9.21 to 15.26; P = .63, fixed-effect model) and amount of bleeding (MD = 14.86, 95% CI -8.86 to 38.58; P = .22, fixed-effect model) were not statistically significant between the two groups. Descriptive analysis suggested that postoperative complications, postoperative satisfaction, and cost were also similar with or without CANS. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the present review, the reduction accuracy of unilateral ZMC fractures using CANS is superior to that of conventional surgery. CANS presents limited influence on operation time, amount of bleeding, postoperative complications, postoperative satisfaction, and cost.

Successful Management of Peri-Implant Infection from the Endodontic Lesion of Adjacent Natural Tooth.

Recently, dental implants have had the most important role in oral rehabilitation. Peri-implantitis is considered a common complication of dental implants. Adjacent natural teeth with untreated endodontic pathology may be a potential risk for implant placement. Retrograde/periapical peri-implantitis (RPI), the inverting of the progress direction of peri-implantitis. Radiographically, it is characterized by signs of periapical bone loss and normal coronal osteointegration of the implant; and its prevalence is closely associated with endodontic lesions of adjacent teeth. Another novel separate disease entity is known as the endodontic peri-implant defects (endo-implant defects), manifesting as the peri-implant marginal bone loss due to endodontic pathology of adjacent teeth, to which endodontists and implantologists are supposed to attach great importance. This current study presented two cases of different types of peri-implant infection in which conducting proper intervention to the endodontic lesions of adjacent teeth resulted in full radiographic and clinical resolution of peri-implant defects.

[Progress in active surveillance for adult low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma].

The incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma （PTMC） increases rapidly. However, epidemiological and autopsy studies show that the prevalence of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma （LR-PTMC） is very high, but the mortality is very low. There is over-diagnosis and over-treatment for LR-PTMC. Active surveillance （AS） was adopted for LR-PTMCs instead of immediate surgery, and more than 70% of the lesions remained stable or shrank in clinical observation. Therefore, AS is recommended for LR-PTMCs in clinical guidelines of several academic organizations around the world. However, PTMC is not equal to low-risk cancer. The implementation of AS strategy requires a strict grasp of indications and full consideration of population characteristics to ensure the maximum benefit of patients. This paper summarizes the present clinical progress of active surveillance for adult LR-PTMC.

IGFL2-AS1 facilitates tongue squamous cell carcinoma progression via Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVES: Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common malignancy in oral cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators in cancer biology. In our present study, we investigated a novel lncRNA IGF-like family member 2 antisense RNA 1 (IGFL2-AS1) in TSCC. METHODS: RT-qPCR analyzed IGFL2-AS1 expression in TSCC cells. Functional assays assessed the impact of IGFL2-AS1 on TSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Western blot analyzed the protein levels of EMT-related markers. Mechanism assays analyzed the regulatory mechanism of IGFL2-AS1 in TSCC cells. In-vivo experiments were conducted to prove the role of IGFL2-AS1 in TSCC progression. RESULTS: IGFL2-AS1 was significantly up-regulated in TSCC cells and tissues, and IGFL2-AS1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT in TSCC. Moreover, IGFL2-AS1 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-1224-5p and thereby modulated SATB homeobox 1 (SATB1) expression. Additionally, SATB1 activated the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in TSCC cells and IGFL2-AS1 regulated the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway and TSCC progression via elevating SATB1 expression. CONCLUSIONS: The data revealed that IGFL2-AS1 played a cancer promoting role in TSCC and may aid in exploring a brand new biomarker that might contribute to TSCC treatment.

Clinical efficacy of extra-short implant (4 mm) placed in posterior areas: a Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of 4 mm-extra-short implant (ESI) placement in severely atrophic posterior areas. METHODS: Databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang from January 1, 2010, until August 31, 2022, were searched to identify randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials related to ESI and standard implants (SI). An additional hand search of the references of included articles was also conducted. Meta-analyses were carried out with RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS: A total of 11 studies were included, involving six randomized controlled trials and five controlled clinical trials. The meta-analyses indicated that when implants were placed in the posterior area, the implant survival rate between ESI and SI did not significantly differ [RR=1.23, 95%CI (0.66, 2.27), P=0.52]. ESI resulted in significantly stable marginal bone level [MD=-0.16, 95%CI (-0.25,-0.07), P=0.000 7] and less biological complications [RR=0.34, 95%CI (0.19, 0.62), P=0.000 4] but more mechanical complications [RR=2.89, 95%CI (1.05, 7.92), P=0.04]. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the limited evidence, ESI could achieve clinical outcomes similar to those of SI when the height of the posterior alveolar bone is less than 5 mm, with lower technical sensitivity and fewer postoperative clinical complications than SI. Due to insufficient evidence and limited sample size, further clinical trials are needed to verify the long-term efficacy of ESI.

A novel histopathological classification of implant periapical lesion: A systematic review and treatment decision tree.

BACKGROUND: Implant periapical lesion (IPL), as a peri-implant disease originating from implant apex, maintains coronal osseointegration in the early stage. With the understanding to IPL increasingly deepened, IPL classification based on different elements was proposed although there still lacks an overall classification system. This study, aiming to systematically integrate the available data published in the literature on IPL associated with histopathology, proposed a comprehensive classification framework and treatment decision tree for IPL. METHODS AND FINDINGS: English articles on the topic of "implant periapical lesion", "retrograde peri-implantitis" and "apical peri-implantitis" were searched on PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from 1992 to 2021, and citation retrieval was performed for critical articles. Definite histopathology and radiology of IPL are indispensable criteria for including the article in the literature. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022378001). A total of 509 papers identified, 28 studies were included in this review. In only one retrospective study, 37 of 39 IPL were reported to be at the inflammatory or abscess stage. 27 cases (37 implants) were reported, including acute non-suppurative (1/37, developed to chronic granuloma), chronic granuloma (5/37), acute suppurated (2/37), chronic suppurated-fistulized (6/37), implant periapical cyst (21/37), poor bone healing (2/37), foreign body reaction (1/37). Antibiotics alone did not appear to be effective, and the consequence of surgical debridement required cautious interpretation because of the heterogeneity of lesion course and operation. Implant apicoectomy and marsupialization were predictable approaches in some cases. CONCLUSIONS: The diversiform nature of IPL in the case reports confirms the need for such histopathological classification, which may enhance the comparison and management of different category.

An experimental comparison: Horizontal evaluation of valuable metal extraction and arsenic emission characteristics of tailings from different copper smelting slag recovery processes.

This study comprehensively investigated arsenic's enrichment, distribution, and characteristics in tailings. XRD and SEM-EDS characterized the phase and morphology of tailings from various smelting processes. At the same time, the embedding characteristics of arsenic in the ore phase were analyzed by EPMA. The differences between arsenic's leading ore phase carriers in different recovery processes were found. It was discussed that this phenomenon would be related to the element-binding ability and the precipitation priority of the ore phase. The occurrence state of arsenic was discussed by sequential chemical extraction experiments. The proportion of leachable arsenic is higher than the low-risk limit, whatever which smelting method is adopted, which leads to high environmental risk. In the experiment of comparing the leaching toxicity of tailings by different leaching methods, the arsenic concentration in the leaching solution of tailings recovered by the flotation method exceeds the specified safety range. Although the tailings after reduction smelting did not show high leaching toxicity, a large number of accumulations also would not represent absolute safety.

Genetic Variation in the ZNF208 Gene at rs8103163 and rs7248488 Is Associated With Laryngeal Cancer in the Northwestern Chinese Han Male.

Background: Laryngeal cancer is more common in middle-aged and older men. We conducted an association analysis between ZNF208 polymorphisms and laryngeal cancer (LC) risk in the Northwestern Chinese Han male. Methods: A total of 352 subjects (172 LC patients and 180 controls) were involved in this study. Agena MassARRAY was used to determine the genotypes. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the relevance. Results: Two SNPs were associated with the risk of LC: rs8103163, OR = 1.41, p = 0.043; rs7248488, OR = 1.45, p = 0.025. Furthermore, rs8103163 was associated with an increased risk of LC under a log-additive model (OR = 1.40, p = 0.042), and rs7248488 was related to a higher risk of LC under a recessive model (OR = 2.33, p = 0.025) and a log-additive model (OR = 1.44, p = 0.026). Conclusions: We first demonstrated that the rs8103163 A allele and the rs7248488 A allele in ZNF208 create susceptibility to laryngeal cancer in the Northwestern Chinese Han male.

Long non-coding RNA AGAP2-AS1 promotes cell proliferation and invasion through regulating miR-193a-3p/LOXL4 axis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with highly mortality rate. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AGAP2-AS1 is an identified oncogene in several types of cancers. However, the role of AGAP2-AS1 in LSCC remains unclear. The expression levels of AGAP2-AS1 in LSCC tissues and cell lines were measured using qRT-PCR. AGAP2-AS1 was knocked down in LSCC cells through transfection with siRNA-AGAP2-AS1. Cell proliferation and invasion were detected using MTT and transwell assays. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the interaction with AGAP2-AS1 and downstream genes. Our results showed that AGAP2-AS1 expression was remarkably increased in human LSCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of AGAP2-AS1 significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of LSCC cells. In addition, AGAP2-AS1 sponged miR-193a-3p and regulated its expression in LSCC cells. Inhibition of miR-193a-3p reversed the effects of AGAP2-AS1 knockdown on LSCC cells. Furthermore, Lysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4) was a target gene of miR-193a-3p and the role of miR-193a-3p was mediated by LOXL4. In conclusion, these findings suggest that knockdown of AGAP2-AS1 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of LSCC cells through regulating the miR-193a-3p/LOXL4 axis.