Cu(II)-Catalyzed Hydroboration Reactions of 1,1-Disubstituted α,ß-Unsaturated Ketones, Esters, and Amides in Pure Water.

Here, a Cu2(OH)2CO3-catalyzed hydroboration reaction of 1,1-disubstituted α,ß-unsaturated compounds has been developed. The reaction was carried out using water as a solvent at room temperature except for N-monosubstituted α,ß-unsaturated amides. This method is applicable to diverse 1,1-disubstituted α,ß-unsaturated ketones, esters, and amides, showing excellent reactivity (up to 98% yield). Gram-scale experiments and functional group transformations further demonstrated the practicality of this method.

Integrating mid-infrared spectroscopy, machine learning, and graphical bias correction for fatty acid prediction in water buffalo milk.

BACKGROUND: Buffalo milk, constituting 15% of global production, has higher fatty acids content than Holstein milk. Fourier-transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy is widely used for dairy analysis, but its application to buffalo milk, with larger fat globules, remains understudied. The ultimate goal of this study is to develop machine learning models based on FT-MIR spectroscopy for predicting fatty acids in buffalo milk and to assess the accuracy of commercial milk analyzers. This research provides a convenient, fast, and environmentally friendly method for detecting the fatty acid composition in buffalo milk. RESULTS: We employed six machine learning algorithms to establish a detection model for 34 fatty acids in buffalo milk. The predictive models demonstrated robust capabilities for high-content fatty acids [C14:0, C15:0, C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1, saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)], with errors within a 15% range. Traditional FT6000 detection methods exhibited limitations in measuring SFAs and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Implementing a mean difference correction of 0.21 for MUFAs and applying regression equations (SFA × 1.0639 + 0.0705; PUFA × 0.5472 + 0.0047) significantly improved measurement accuracy. CONCLUSION: This study successfully developed a predictive model for fatty acids in Mediterranean buffalo milk based on FT-MIR spectroscopy. Additionally, a correction was applied to the existing measurement device, FT6000, enabling more accurate measurements of fatty acids in buffalo milk. The findings have practical implications for the food industry, offering a faster and more reliable approach to assess and monitor fatty acid composition in buffalo milk, potentially influencing product development and quality control processes. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

A weakened Fermi level pinning induced adsorption energy non-charge-transfer mechanism during O2 adsorption in silicene/graphene heterojunctions.

Understanding the mechanisms of gas adsorption on a solid surface and making this process tunable are of great significance in fundamental science and industrial applications. Bond creation and charge transfer are often used to explain the origin of adsorption energy (Ead). However, in this study, a new mechanism is observed in O2 adsorption on pure silicene (PS) and silicene/graphene heterojunction (SGH) surfaces, in which the charge distribution remains almost unchanged, but Ead still has a significant change in the order of 0.3 eV. The weakened Fermi level pinning effect is found to be responsible for this interesting behavior and the variation of Ead is approximately equal to the change of work function. Furthermore, this effect is independent of the twist angles in the van der Waals SGH. Our results are consistent with experimental observations in overcoming the degradation of silicene in air.

Targeting ENPP1 for cancer immunotherapy: Killing two birds with one stone.

Cancer immunotherapy, particularly with immune checkpoint inhibitors, has revolutionized the paradigm of cancer treatment. Nevertheless, the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy remains limited in most clinical settings due to the lack of a preexisting antitumor T-cell response in tumors. Therefore, the clinical outcomes of cancer immunotherapy must be improved crucially. With increased awareness of the importance of the innate immune response in the recruitment of T cells, as well as the onset and maintenance of the T cell response, great interest has been shown in activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway to awaken the innate immune response, thereby orchestrating both innate and adaptive immune responses to induce tumor clearance. However, tumor cells have evolved to overexpress ectonucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), which degrades the immunotransmitter 2',3'-cGAMP and promotes the production of immune-suppressing adenosine, resulting in inhibition of the anticancer immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Clinically, ENPP1 overexpression is closely associated with poor prognosis in patients with cancer. Conversely, depleting or inhibiting ENPP1 has been verified to elevate extracellular 2',3'-cGAMP levels and inhibit the generation of adenosine, thereby reinvigorating the anticancer immune response for tumor elimination. A variety of ENPP1 inhibitors have recently been developed and have demonstrated significant promise for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we provide an overview of ENPP1, dissect its immunosuppressive mechanisms, and discuss the development of ENPP1 inhibitors with the potential to further improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.

Relationships between body- and udder-related type traits with somatic cell counts and potential use for an early selection method for water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).

Water buffalo milk is a reliable source of high-quality nutrients; however, the susceptibility of mastitis in buffaloes must be taken into consideration. An animal with somatic cell count (SCC) of greater than 250,000 cells/mL is reported to be likely to have mastitis which has serious adverse effects on animal health, reproduction, milk yield, and milk quality. Type traits (TTs) of water buffalo can affect SCC in animal milk to some extent, but few reports on the correlation between SCC and TTs are available. In this study, a total of 1908 records collected from 678 water buffaloes were investigated. The general linear model was used to identify factors associated with phenotypic variation of the somatic cell score (SCS) trait, including parity, lactation length, calving year, and calving season as fixed effects. Using PROC CORR analysis method, taking calving year and lactation length as covariates, the correlation co-efficient between TT and SCS was obtained. Our results showed that correlation co-efficients between the 45 TTs with SCS ranged from 0.003 to 0.443 (degree of correlation). The correlation between udder traits and SCS was greater than that between body structure traits and SCS. Among udder traits, distance between teats (including front and rear teat distance [r = 0.308], front teat distance [r = 0.211], and teat crossing distance [r = 0.412]) and teat circumference (r = 0.443) had the highest correlation with SCS, followed by the leg traits including rear leg height (r = -0.354) and hock bend angle (r = -0.170). Animal with high rear legs (>48 cm) and short teat crossing distance (<17 cm), and narrow teat circumference (<11 cm) exhibited low SCS. Using four nonlinear models (Von Bertalanffy, Brody, Logistic, and Gompertz), the optimal growth curves of the TTs highly correlated with the SCS (rear leg height and teat crossing distance) were fitted, and the correction co-efficients of these two TTs rear leg height and teat crossing distance of animal from young age (2 mo old) to first lactation (35 mo old) were attained for establishment of early selection method for water buffaloes with low SCS. This study provides theoretical support for early selection of low-SCS water buffaloes and lays a foundation for improving milk quality and promoting healthy development of water buffalo's dairy industry.

Some type traits (TTs) have been reported to affect somatic cell count (SCC) in bovine milk, which result in mastitis to some extent, but the correlation between SCC and TTs of water buffalo has been poorly understood. Here, a total of 1908 records from 678 buffaloes were investigated. The correlation between 45 TTs and somatic cell score (SCS) was analysed, and the optimal growth curves of TTs highly correlated with SCS were fitted. Our result showed that high rear legs (>48 cm) and short teat crossing distance (<17 cm), and narrow teat circumference (<11 cm) were correlated with low SCS. We obtained correction co-efficients for two TTs highly correlated with SCS of water buffalos from young age (2 mo old) to first lactation (35 mo) by fitting the optimal growth curve for rear leg height and teat crossing distance. This study provides theoretical support for early selection for water buffaloes that are less susceptible to mastitis, and lays a foundation for improving milk quality and promoting healthy development of water buffalo dairy industry.

Combined application of acidic biochar and fertilizer synergistically enhances Miscanthus productivity in coastal saline-alkaline soil.

Biochar amendment has been proven as an effective measure in the remediation of degraded soils, but few reports were focused on the interactive effects and mechanisms of biochar and fertilizer co-application in the amelioration of saline-alkaline soils. In this study, different biochar and fertilizer combinations were applied to investigate the interactive effect on fertilizer use efficiency, soil properties, and Miscanthus growth in a coastal saline-alkaline soil. Compared to the fertilizer or acidic biochar application alone, the combined application of acidic biochar and fertilizer significantly improved soil nutrient availability, ameliorated soil properties in rhizosphere soil. Meanwhile, the bacterial community structure and soil enzyme activities were considerably ameliorated. Additionally, the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes were substantially enhanced and the expression of abiotic stress-associated genes was significantly up-regulated in Miscanthus plants. Ultimately, the combined application of acidic biochar and fertilizer significantly enhanced Miscanthus growth and biomass accumulation in the saline-alkaline soil. Overall, our findings suggest that the combined application of acidic biochar and fertilizer represents a feasible and effective approach for improving plant productivity in saline-alkaline soils.

Nasal immunization with AMH-INH-RFRP DNA vaccine for improving follicle development and fertility in buffaloes.

Introduction: Inhibin DNA vaccine has already been proven to improve the fertility of animals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a novel Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-Inhibin (INH)-RF-amide-related peptides (RFRP) DNA vaccine on immune response and reproductive performance in buffalo. Methods: A total of 84 buffaloes were randomly divided into four groups and nasally immunized twice a day with 10 ml of either AMH-INH-RFRP DNA vaccines (3 × 1010 CFU/ml in group T1, 3 × 109 CFU/ml in group T2, and 3 × 108 CFU/ml in group T3) or PBS (as a control) for 3 days, respectively. All animals received a booster dose at an interval of 14 days. Results: ELISA assay revealed that primary and booster immunization significantly increased the anti-AMH, anti-INH, and anti-RFRP antibody titers in the T2 group compared with that in the T3 group. After the primary immunization, the antibody positive rate was significantly higher in the T2 group than that in the T3 group. In addition, ELISA results indicated that concentrations of E2, IFN-γ, and IL-4 were significantly higher in the antibody-positive (P) group compared to the antibody-negative (N) group. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the concentrations of P4 between the P and N groups. Ultrasonography results revealed a highly significant increase of 2.02 mm in the diameter of ovulatory follicles in the P group compared to the N group. In parallel, growth speed of dominant follicles was significantly higher in the P group than that in the N group (1.33 ± 1.30 vs 1.13 ± 0.12). Furthermore, compared to N group, the rates of oestrus, ovulation, and conception were also significantly higher in the P group. Conclusion: The novel AMH-INH-RFRP DNA vaccine improves the proportion of oestrus, ovulation, and conception in buffalo by promoting the production of E2 and the growth of follicles.

Enhanced Selectivity in the Electroproduction of H2 O2 via F/S Dual-Doping in Metal-Free Nanofibers.

Electrocatalytic two-electron oxygen reduction (2e- ORR) to hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is attracting broad interest in diversified areas including paper manufacturing, wastewater treatment, production of liquid fuels, and public sanitation. Current efforts focus on researching low-cost, large-scale, and sustainable electrocatalysts with high activity and selectivity. Here a large-scale H2 O2 electrocatalysts based on metal-free carbon fibers with a fluorine and sulfur dual-doping strategy is engineered. Optimized samples yield with a high onset potential of 0.814 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), an almost ideal 2e- pathway selectivity of 99.1%, outperforming most of the recently reported carbon-based or metal-based electrocatalysts. First principle theoretical computations and experiments demonstrate that the intermolecular charge transfer coupled with electron spin redistribution from fluorine and sulfur dual-doping is the crucial factor contributing to the enhanced performances in 2e- ORR. This work opens the door to the design and implementation of scalable, earth-abundant, highly selective electrocatalysts for H2 O2 production and other catalytic fields of industrial interest.

Interaction of aging and Immunosenescence: New therapeutic targets of aging.

Aging is a natural physiological process, but aging can increase the prevalence and mortality of chronic diseases in the elderly. It involves multiple organs and systems, and an essential aspect of aging is immunosenescence. With the increase of age, the immune system has undergone a series of changes and disorders. These changes have led to a decline in the resistance of the elderly to infection, reduced immunity to vaccines, increased incidence of cancer and autoimmune diseases, and an increased structural prevalence of low-grade inflammation. Moreover, affecting the aging process to a certain extent. This review introduces the changes in the immune system during aging and discusses the consequences and effects of these changes. And its effect on the aging process and the methods and ways of anti-aging were discussed.

Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of the GRAS Gene Family in Salt and Alkali Stresses in Miscanthus sinensis.

The GRAS family genes encode plant-specific transcription factors that play important roles in a diverse range of developmental processes and abiotic stress responses. However, the information of GRAS gene family in the bioenergy crop Miscanthus has not been available. Here, we report the genome-wide identification of GRAS gene family in Micanthus sinensis. A total of 123 MsGRAS genes were identified, which were divided into ten subfamilies based on the phylogenetic analysis. The co-linearity analysis revealed that 59 MsGRAS genes experienced segmental duplication, forming 35 paralogous pairs. The expression of six MsGRAS genes in responding to salt, alkali, and mixed salt-alkali stresses was analyzed by transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays. Furthermore, the role of MsGRAS60 in salt and alkali stress response was characterized in transgenic Arabidopsis. The MsGRAS60 overexpression lines exhibited hyposensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment and resulted in compromised tolerance to salt and alkali stresses, suggesting that MsGRAS60 is a negative regulator of salt and alkali tolerance via an ABA-dependent signaling pathway. The salt and alkali stress-inducible MsGRAS genes identified serve as candidates for the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in Miscanthus.

Targeting STING for cancer immunotherapy: From mechanisms to translation.

Cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has achieved unprecedented success in cancer treatment; However, only a subset of patients achieved clinical benefit from this treatment, underscoring the urgent need to identify new strategies to enhance the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Given the essential role of innate immunity in cancer immune surveillance, tremendous effort has been focused on the innate immune pathways that can be pharmacologically modulated to improve the clinical outcome of checkpoint inhibitors. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway plays essential roles in host defense against cancers. Activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway induces the expression of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines, culminating in promotion of a robust adaptive antitumor immunity. As part of this innate immune signaling pathway, STING is ubiquitously expressed in immune and nonimmune cells. STING activation has been demonstrated to propagate the cancer immunity cycle, remodel the tumor microenvironment, and ultimately eliminate tumor cells. The immunomodulatory roles of STING enable it to be an appealing target for cancer immunotherapy. As such, STING agonists that are capable of triggering antitumor immune responses have been developed in recent years, and several of them have advanced into clinical trials. In this review, we first give an overview on the STING signaling pathway, then dissect the roles of STING activation in different steps of the cancer immunity cycle and finally discuss the development of STING agonists as well as challenges with STING activation, with the potential to make cancer immunotherapy with STING agonists more effective.

The formation mechanism and homeostasis of extrachromosomal DNA.

Extrachromosomal DNA, referred to as extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), was found in most cancers and nearly absent in normal cells. The properties of ecDNA enable tumor cells to be more responsive to various environments. The non-Mendelian genetic mechanism of ecDNA could arouse increasing tumor heterogeneity. Besides, ecDNA would promote tumor invasiveness and provide resistance mechanisms associated with poorer survival consequences. Furthermore, ecDNA could profoundly impact oncogene activation, genome instability, tumor heterogeneity, etc. Consequently, they may offer potential possibilities for tumor diagnosis and therapeutics. We primarily reviewed the classification, several primary formation mechanisms, homeostasis maintenance and frontier progress of ecDNA and late emphasized its fundamental roles in tumorigenesis and put forward some new insights.

Transcriptomic Characterization of Miscanthus sacchariflorus × M. lutarioriparius and Its Implications for Energy Crop Development in the Semiarid Mine Area.

Miscanthus interspecific hybrids have been proved to have better adaptability in marginal lands than their parents. Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Miscanthus lutarioriparius were used as the parents to develop hybrids. We performed the transcriptome for 110 F1 hybrids of Miscanthus sacchariflorus × Miscanthus lutarioriparius and their parents that had been established on the Loess Plateau mine area, to estimate the population's genetic expression variation, and illuminate the adaptive mechanism of the F1 population. The result speculated that the F1 population has mainly inherited the stress response metabolic pathway of its female parent (M. sacchariflorus), which may be responsible for its higher environmental adaptability and biomass yield compared with male parents. Based on PopART, we assembled a leaf reference transcriptome for M. sacchariflorus (LRTMS) and obtained 8116 high-quality transcripts. When we analyze the differential expression of genes between F1 population and parent, 39 and 56 differentially expressed genes were screened out in the female parent and male parent, respectively. The enrichment analysis showed that pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and circadian rhythm-plant played a key role in resisting the harsh environment. The carbohydrate metabolism and lipid metabolism were also significantly enriched, and the synthesis of these substances facilitated the yield. The results provided an insight into breeding Miscanthus hybrids more suited to the harsh environment of the Loess Plateau.

Tumor microenvironment based stimuli-responsive CRISPR/Cas delivery systems: A viable platform for interventional approaches.

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) systems have emerged as robust tools in cancer gene therapy due to their simplicity and versatility. Nevertheless, the genome editing efficiency in tumor sites and the clinical applications of CRISPR/Cas have been compromised by non-specific delivery and genotoxicity. Recently, intelligent delivery systems incorporating sensitive materials in response to endogenous stimuli of the tumor microenvironment (TME) have represented viable platforms for tumor-specific genome editing and reduced side effects of CRISPR/Cas. Spurred by this promising direction, this review first introduces the CRISPR/Cas systems widely employed in cancer therapeutic explorations. Various types of CRISPR/Cas delivery systems sensitive to the stimuli in TME and typical dual-/multiple-responsive CRISPR/Cas carriers are further discussed, emphasizing the correlations between sensitive components and spatiotemporal delivery mechanisms. The genome editing efficiencies of CRISPR/Cas-loaded stimuli-responsive carriers are also summarized both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, stimuli-responsive CRISPR/Cas delivery systems hold great promise for potent cancer gene therapy.

Development of energy plants from hybrids between Miscanthus sacchariflorus and M. lutarioriparius grown on reclaimed mine land in the Loess Plateau of China.

Miscanthus, a promising bioenergy plant, has a high biomass yield with high cellulose content suitable for biofuel production. However, harsh climatic and poor soil conditions, such as barren lands or abandoned mines, pose a challenge to the survival and yield of Miscanthus feedstock on the marginal land. The selection from the interspecific hybrids of Miscanthus might combine high survival rates and high yield, which benefits energy crop development in multi-stressful environments. A total of 113 F1 hybrids between Miscanthus sacchariflorus and M. lutarioriparius together with the parents were planted and evaluated for multiple morphological and physiological traits on the mine land of the Loess Plateau of China. The majority of hybrids had higher establishment rates than M. sacchariflorus while M. lutarioriparius failed to survive for the first winter. Nearly all hybrid genotypes outperformed M. lutarioriparius for yield-related traits including plant height, tiller number, tiller diameter, and leaf area. The average biomass of the hybrids was 20 times higher than that of surviving parent, M. sacchariflorus. Furthermore, the photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency of the hybrids were both significantly higher than those of the parents, which might be partly responsible for their higher yield. A total of 29 hybrids with outstanding traits related to yield and stress tolerance were identified as candidates. The study investigated for the first time the hybrids between local individuals of M. sacchariflorus and high-biomass M. lutarioriparius, suggesting that this could be an effective approach for high-yield energy crop development on vast of marginal lands.

Synergistic Regulatory Effect of Inhibin and Anti-Müllerian Hormone on Fertility of Mice.

Inhibin (INH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are essential in ovarian folliculogenesis and play an inhibitory role in mammalian fertility. However, the interactive effect of INH and AMH on the animal reproduction remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the possible interaction and synergy between INH and AMH in steroidogenesis by primary granulosa cells, and investigate their synergistic effect on fertility in mice. In in vitro granulosa cell culture system, we found that the treatment of either INHA or AMH had no significant effect on basal estradiol and progesterone production, whereas both significantly attenuated FSH-induced steroid hormone secretion. Importantly, combined treatment with INHA and AMH showed additive inhibitory effect on FSH-induced estradiol and progesterone production, accompanying a significant downregulation in the expression of FSH-stimulated CYP19A1, HSD3B, CYP11A1, StAR transcripts. The interrelationship of INH and AMH combinations was further investigated through active immune neutralization strategy. Female mice were immunized against INH and AMH eukaryotic expression plasmids, and the litter size was recorded after successfully mating. We observed that both INH and AMH plasmids were able to induce either anti-AMH or anti-INH antibodies in the immunized mice. In comparison with the control group, co-immunization with INH and AMH plasmids induced higher levels of estradiol, resulting in more litter size. Moreover, there was no significant difference on the offspring's weight between each group. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that INH and AMH have synergistic effect in regulating steroidogenesis and the litter size in mice.

Water Use Efficiency and Stress Tolerance of the Potential Energy Crop Miscanthus lutarioriparius Grown on the Loess Plateau of China.

As a potential energy crop with high biomass yield, Miscanthus lutarioriparius (M. lutarioriparius), endemic to the Long River Range in central China, needs to be investigated for its acclimation to stressful climatic and soil conditions often found on the marginal land. In this study, traits related to acclimation and yield, including survival rates, plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), tiller number (TN), water use efficiency (WUE), and photosynthetic rates (A), were examined for 41 M. lutarioriparius populations that transplanted to the arid and cold Loess Plateau of China. The results showed that the average survival rate of M. lutarioriparius populations was only 4.16% over the first winter but the overwinter rate increased to 35.03% after the second winter, suggesting that plants having survived the first winter could have acclaimed to the low temperature. The strikingly high survival rates over the second winter were found to be 95.83% and 80.85%, respectively, for HG18 and HG39 populations. These populations might be especially valuable for the selection of energy crops for such an area. Those individuals surviving for the two consecutive winters showed significantly higher WUE than those measured after the first winter. The high WUE and low stomatal conductance (gs) observed in survived individuals could have been responsible for their acclimation to this new and harsh environment. A total of 61 individuals with productive growth traits and strong resistance to cold and drought were identified for further energy crop development. This study showed that the variation of M. lutarioriparius held great potential for developing energy crops following continuous field selection.

LINC00665/miR-9-5p/ATF1 is a novel axis involved in the progression of colorectal cancer.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in many malignant tumors and involved in regulating the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. However, the role of LINC00665 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its regulatory mechanism remain unclear. In this study, real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of LINC00665, miR-9-5p and activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) mRNA in CRC tissues. The expression of ATF1 in CRC tissues was also detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were employed to detect cell proliferation. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry analysis. Scratch healing assay and Transwell test were exploited to detect cell migration and invasion. The targeting relationships between LINC00665 and miR-9-5p, and miR-9-5p and ATF1 were validated by dual luciferase reporter assay. We found that LINC00665 was significantly overexpressed in CRC tissues, and it was also negatively correlated with the expression of miR-9-5p and positively associated with the expression of ATF1. Besides, LINC00665 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells, and inhibited cell apoptosis by sponging miR-9-5p. ATF1 was proved to be the downstream target of miR-9-5p and was indirectly regulated by LINC00665. Collectively, it is concluded that LINC00665 contributes to the progression of CRC by regulating miR-9-5p/ATF1 axis.

[Function of MEIS1 and miR-425 to the Regulating of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cell Proliferation].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function and mechanism of transcription factor of MEIS1 and miR-425 to the proliferation of chronic myeloid leukemia cell K562. METHODS: Bioinformatic prediction was used to analyze the binding of MEIS1 in miR-425 promoter region. ChIP-qPCR coupled with dual luciferase assay was used to detect the combination of MEIS1 and the transcription activity of miR-425, and its regulative role in the transcription activity miR-425. CCK-8 was used to detect the effect of MEIS1 and miR-425 on cell proliferation. Flow cytometry with PI staining was used to detected the effect of MEIS1 and miR-425 on K562 cell cycle progression. Western blot was used to examine the effect of miR-452 on the expression level of MEIS1. RESULTS: MEIS1 could bind the promoter of miR-425 and repressed its transcription. After K562 was transfected by shRNA, the K562 cell proliferation and cell cycle progression was significantly inhibitied. Moreover, after K562 cells were transfected by miR-425 mimic, cell proliferation and cell cycle was inhibited. The expression level of MEIS1 could be inhibited by the combination of miR-425 and MEIS1 3'UTR. CONCLUSION: MEIS1 can inhibit the activity of miR-425 in transcriptional level, while the miR-425 can suppress the expression of MEIS1 protein in post-transnational level. Therefore, a regulatory circuit comprising from MEIS1 and miR-425 regulates K562 cell proliferation.