Study on the mechanism of natural polysaccharides on the deastringent effect of Triphala extract.

This present study investigated the masking effect of high methoxyl pectin, xanthan gum, and gum Arabic on the astringency of the traditional herbal formula Triphala and further examined the mechanism of polysaccharide reducing astringency. Results of sensory evaluation and electronic tongue illustrated that 0.6 % pectin, 0.3 % xanthan gum, and 2 % gum Arabic had a substantial deastringent effect. The polyphenols in Triphala are basically hydrolysable tannins, which with high degree of gallic acylation may be the main astringent component of Triphala. Moreover, the three polysaccharides can combine with ß-casein through CO and NH groups to form soluble binary complexes and decrease the secondary structure of ß-casein. When polysaccharides were added to the Triphala-protein system, polyphenol-protein precipitation was also diminished, and they were capable of forming soluble ternary complexes. Consequently, the competition between polysaccharides and polyphenols for binding salivary proteins and the formation of ternary complexes help decrease the astringency of Triphala.

Thermal treatment enhances the resisting exercise fatigue effect of Phyllanthus emblica L.: novel evidence from tannin conversion in vitro, metabolomics, and gut microbiota community analysis.

Polyphenols are the main component of Phyllanthus emblica (PE). However, polyphenols are so easy to transform that it is unknown that how drying methods driven by heating affect the anti-fatigue effect of PE. This manuscript investigated the effects of five drying methods on the chemical composition transformation and anti-fatigue of PE, and discussed the action mechanism. The results suggested that the anti-fatigue effect of PE with hot-air-dried at 100 °C was the best, which was as 1.63 times as that with freeze-drying. Ellagic acid (EA) may be a key component of PE in anti-fatigue, and its mechanism of action may be related to regulating intestinal microbiota, protecting mitochondria, and regulating energy metabolism. This study first revealed the thermal transformation of polyphenols in PE, found the most effective strategy for enhancing the anti-fatigue function, and explores its action mechanism.