[Sc©[3]CPP]+: A Viable Metal-Centered [3]Cycloparaphenylene.

[n]Cycloparaphenylenes ([n]CPPs, n denotes the number of phenyl groups) are difficult to synthesize because of the strain related to their bent phenyl rings. In particular, the strain in [3]CPP is high enough to destroy the π electron delocalization, leading to the spontaneous structural transition to an energetically more stable "bond-shift" (BS) isomer ([3]BS). In this contribution, we propose to achieve [3]CPP by enhancing the π electron delocalization through hosting a guest metal atom. Our computations revealed that Sc could stabilize [3]CPP by forming the [Sc©[3]CPP]+ complex through the favorable π-Sc donation-backdonation interactions. Thermodynamically, the binding energy between the Sc atom and [3]CPP was -205.7 kcal/mol, which could well compensate not only the energy difference of 44.2 kcal/mol between [3]CPP and [3]BS but also the extremely high strain energy of 170.3 kcal/mol in [3]CPP. Simultaneously, the [Sc©[3]CPP]+ complex is stable up to 1500 K in dynamic simulations, suggesting its high viability in the synthesis.

Expression of LATS1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its effect on tumor cell proliferation and invasion.

Nowadays, the incidence and mortality of head and neck tumors are gradually increasing. Head and neck malignant tumors (such as laryngeal cancer, hypopharyngeal cancer, oral cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, and other head and neck malignancies) are more common among systemic tumors. The most common pathological head and neck tumor type is squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for about 90%. In this study, immunohistochemical methods were used to collect the normal squamous epithelial tissues of the head and neck, atypical hyperplasia tissues, and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas on a tissue chip for detection. The recombinant LATS1 overexpression plasmid was prepared and transferred into B88 cells. Western blotting, MTT, and Transwell chamber methods were used to detect the effects of LATS1 proliferation, migration, and B88 cell overexpression. The experimental results showed that in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, the expression of LATS1 protein decreased from 59.3% to 11.3%. At the same time, this protein inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of head and neck squamous epithelial cells and also inhibited epithelium- Interstitial transformation exerts its tumor suppressor effect, indicating that LATS1 may play a tumor suppressor effect as a tumor suppressor gene. An in-depth study of the role and mechanism of LATS1 protein in the occurrence of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma may provide new opportunities for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the future.

Nitrogen versus carbon in planar pentacoordinate environments supported by Be5H n rings.

NBe5H n n-3 (n = 0-5) (0A-5A) species with a novel planar pentacoordinate nitrogen (ppN) were designed by the isoelectronic substitution of the C atom in planar pentacoordinate carbon (ppC) species CBe5H n n-4 (n = 0-5) with an N atom. The highly flexible H atoms found in ppC species CBe5H2 2- and CBe5H3 - were fixed upon the nitrogen substitution, as mirrored by the non-flexible H atoms in their ppN analogues NBe5H2 - (2A) and NBe5H3 (3A). Moreover, the N atom was found to fit the H-surrounded Be5 rings better than the C atom because the ppC species CBe5H4 and CBe5H5 + adopted non-planar structures due to size-mismatch between the C atom and the H-surrounded Be5 ring, but their ppN analogues NBe5H4 + (4A) and NBe5H5 2+ (5A) adopted perfect planar structures. The electronic structure analyses revealed that the N atoms in 0A-5A were involved in four doubly occupied orbitals, including three six-center two-electron (6c-2e) σ bonds and one 6c-2e π bond. Therefore, these ppN species not only obey the octet rule, but also possess the interesting σ and π double aromaticity, which contributes to the stabilization. Consequently, 2A, 4A, and 5A are charged kinetically viable global energy minima, and are suitable for the gas phase generation and spectroscopic characterization.

SIRT4 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

SIRT4 has been reported to be abnormally expressed in many malignant tumor tissues, but data in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is lacking. In the present study, we detected the expression of SIRT4 in 168 pairs of LSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues using RT-qPCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemical staining, and analyzed its clinical implication. We found that SIRT4 expression was low in LSCC tissues, and was significantly related to histological grade, T classification, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and recurrence of LSCC patients. In vitro, knockdown of SIRT4 promoted the proliferation and migration of LSCC cells, while overexpression of SIRT4 inhibits the proliferation and migration of LSCC cells. Moreover, the expression of SIRT4 protein was an independent factor affecting the disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=0.562, 95%CI=0.1290.834) and overall survival rates (OS) (HR=0.628, 95%CI=0.267-0.935) of LSCC patients. The 5-years DFS and OS in LSCC patients with low SIRT4 expression were significantly lower than that in LSCC patients with high SIRT4 expression. In conclusion, SIRT4 was lowly expressed in LSCC patients, which might be related to more aggressive tumor behaviour and a poor prognosis.

A follow-up study of a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type II caused by a truncating mutation of MITF gene.

BACKGROUND: Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a highly clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease. The core disease phenotypes of WS are sensorineuronal hearing loss and pigmentary disturbance, which are usually caused by the absence of neural crest cell-derived melanocytes. At present, four subtypes of WS have been defined, which are caused by seven genes. Waardenburg syndrome type 2 (WS2) is one of the most common forms. Two genes, MITF and SOX10, have been found to be responsible for majority of WS2. METHODS: In this study, we performed a clinical longitudinal follow-up and mutation screening for a Chinese family with Waardenburg syndrome type II. RESULTS: A diversity of clinical manifestations was observed in this WS2 family. In addition to the congenital hearing loss of most affected family members, progressive hearing loss was also found in some WS2 patients. A nonsense mutation of c.328C>T (p.R110X) in MITF was identified in all affected family members. This mutation results in a truncated MITF protein, which is considered to be a disease-causing mutation. CONCLUSION: These findings offer a better understanding of the spectrum of MITF mutations and highlight the necessity of continuous hearing assessment in WS patients.

Two ZnII-based MOFs constructed with biphenyl-2,2',5,5'-tetracarboxylic acid and flexible N-donor ligands: syntheses, structures and properties.

Two new Zn2+-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on biphenyl-2,2',5,5'-tetracarboxylic acid, i.e. H4(o,m-bpta), and N-donor ligands, namely, poly[[(µ4-biphenyl-2,2',5,5'-tetracarboxylato)bis{[1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(1H-imidazole)}dizinc(II)] dimethylformamide monosolvate dihydrate], {[Zn2(C16H6O8)(C14H14N4)2]·C3H7NO·2H2O}n or {[Zn2(o,m-bpta)(1,3-bimb)2]·C3H7NO·2H2O}n (1) {1,3-bimb = [1,3-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(1H-imidazole)}, and poly[[(µ4-biphenyl-2,2',5,5'-tetracarboxylato)bis{[1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(1H-imidazole)}dizinc(II)] monohydrate], {[Zn2(C16H6O8)(C14H14N4)2]·H2O}n or {[Zn2(o,m-bpta)(1,4-bimb)2]·H2O}n (2) {1,4-bimb = [1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)]bis(1H-imidazole)}, have been synthesized under solvothermal conditions. The complexes were characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction analysis. Structurally, the (o,m-bpta)4- ligands are fully deprotonated and combine with Zn2+ ions in µ4-coordination modes. Complex 1 is a (3,4)-connected porous network with honeycomb-like [Zn2(o,m-bpta)]n sheets formed by 4-connected (o,m-bpta)4- ligands. Complex 2 exhibits a (2,4)-connected network formed by 4-connected (o,m-bpta)4- ligands linking Zn2+ ions in left-handed helical chains. The cis-configured 1,3-bimb and 1,4-bimb ligands bridge Zn2+ ions to form multi-membered [Zn2(bimb)2] loops. Optically, the complexes show strong fluorescence and display larger red shifts compared to free H4(o,m-bpta). Complex 2 shows ferroelectric properties due to crystallizing in the C2v polar point group.

Efficacy of microsurgery in combined with topical-PDT in treating recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: compare JORRP with AORRP.

Background: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) remains a challenging and frustrating disease to treat.Objective: To explore the efficacy of microsurgery in combined with Topical-PDT in treating recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.Materials and methods: Fifty patients with RRP were treated with microsurgery in combined with Topical-PDT. Medical document of each patient was retrospectively reviewed. Detailed clinical information, metrics of clinical course, and current results were evaluated.Results: Juvenile onset RRP (JORRP) might experience a more aggressive course than AORRP (adult onset RRP) with higher Derkay score (p < .01) and higher operation frequency per year (p < .01). Microsurgical excision combined with Topical-PDT every 25 days achieved "remission" of disease in 78% of patients, "clearance" of disease in 52%, and "Cured" in two patients. Each patient who achieved "remission" of disease, performed 6.82 ± 3.39 operations, and continued 8.93 ± 7.03 months of treatment duration. No statistically differences were found in these two aspects between JORRP and AORRP. A negative correlation between tracheotomy and the efficacy of microsurgery in combined with Topical-PDT was found (p = .025, Pearson's r = -0.3).Conclusions and significance: Microsurgery in combined with Topical-PDT might be a powerful method to treat RRP. Tracheotomy is a negative factor for this therapy.

Anatomical Study of the Chinese Nasal Keystone Region.

BACKGROUND: The keystone region is an important anatomical structure to consider in rhinoseptoplasty, because there are few published data regarding the keystone region in Chinese noses. OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to describe the anatomy of the Chinese nasal keystone region and provide useful knowledge for rhinoseptoplasty. METHODS: Sixteen cadaveric heads (11 males, 5 females) were dissected, measured, and then compared with previously published data. RESULTS: Both the nasal bone caudal margin and nasal bone-upper lateral cartilage overlapping area displayed 5 distinct shapes, and the upper lateral cartilage showed 4 distinct shapes. The nasal bone-upper lateral cartilage overlap was 6.47 mm ± 2.50 in the midline, 3.53 mm ± 2.23 on the left, and 3.81 mm ± 2.56 on the right. The length of the whole quadrangular cartilage was 25.63 mm ± 4.27; 25% ± 8% was overlapped by the nasal bone. The height of the caudal quadrangular cartilage was 18.14 mm ± 3.44, and the width of the nasal bone-upper lateral cartilage articulation was 23.56 mm ± 8.30. The upper lateral cartilage-quadrangular cartilage complex stayed in position on the maxillary crest and nasal spine, even after being dissected from the nasal bone, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, and vomer. Bilateral perichondrial-periosteal mucosa detached from the nasal septum. CONCLUSIONS: We report various anatomical and structural features of the Chinese keystone region, which will be valuable for rhinoseptoplasty planning in Chinese patients.

Clinical efficacy of low-temperature radiofrequency ablation of pharyngolaryngeal cyst in 84 Chinese infants.

The aim of the study is to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of low-temperature radiofrequency ablation of pharyngolaryngeal cyst.The study population was composed of 84 children diagnosed with pharyngolaryngeal cyst who underwent surgical treatment at the Department of Otolaryngology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Wuhan, China, between January 1984 and December 2013. All patients were operated using a self-retaining laryngoscope and were divided into 3 groups: traditional cystectomy group (N = 9), dynamic cutting system group (N = 18), and low-temperature radiofrequency ablation group (N = 57). Clinical outcomes were analyzed to assess the efficacy of low-temperature radiofrequency ablation in treatment of pharyngolaryngeal cyst.Compared with traditional cystectomy group or dynamic cutting system group, operation time was shorter, bleeding was less and one-year recurrence rate was much lower in low-temperature radiofrequency ablation group. However, operation time and bleeding was not statistically different between traditional cystectomy and dynamic cutting system group.Low-temperature radiofrequency ablation may be an effective substitute for treating pharyngolaryngeal cyst.

Nonadherence to sublingual immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis: a real-life analysis.

BACKGROUND: To sustain the long-lasting beneficial effects of allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), an adequate duration of treatment is required. Nevertheless, many patients discontinue prematurely and therefore fail to obtain satisfactory therapeutic effect in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to analyze the causes leading to premature discontinuation of SLIT in allergic rhinitis (AR), and to provide the corresponding countermeasures for the following SLIT course. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of data from 142 patients with AR who started SLIT during the period from December 2009 to February 2015. Patients were contacted at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months into SLIT as part of our standard of care. The patients who claimed to have stopped treatment were asked to provide a reason during one of the phone calls. RESULTS: Overall, 76 (54%) patients with AR terminated immunotherapy during the first year of treatment. Among the 76 patients, the following reasons were cited for nonadherence to immunotherapy: patients could not be reached (25%); ineffectiveness (24%); the long course (18%); improvement of symptoms (13%); side effects (4%); lack of confidence in the treatment (4%); or other reasons (12%). CONCLUSION: Fifty-four percent of AR patients terminated their treatment within the first year of SLIT. The top reasons for treatment discontinuation included patients not be reached, ineffectiveness, and length of course.

A three-dimensional ZnII coordination polymer constructed from 1,1'-biphenyl-2,2',4,4'-tetracarboxylate and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene ligands exhibiting photoluminescence.

Ligands based on polycarboxylic acids are excellent building blocks for the construction of coordination polymers; they may bind to a variety of metal ions and form clusters, as well as extended chain or network structures. Among these building blocks, biphenyltetracarboxylic acids (H4bpta) with C2 symmetry have recently attracted attention because of their variable bridging and multidentate chelating modes. The new luminescent three-dimensional coordination polymer poly[(µ5-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2',4,4'-tetracarboxylato)bis[µ2-1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene]dizinc(II)], [Zn2(C16H6O8)(C12H10N4)]n, was synthesized solvothermally and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy. The crystal structure contains two crystallographically independent ZnII cations. Both metal cations are located on twofold axes and display distorted tetrahedral coordination geometries. Neighbouring ZnII centres are bridged by carboxylate groups in the syn-anti mode to form one-dimensional chains. Adjacent chains are linked through 1,1'-biphenyl-2,2',4,4'-tetracarboxylate and 1,4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene ligands to form a three-dimensional network. In the solid state, the compound exhibits blue photoluminescence and represents a promising candidate for a thermally stable and solvent-resistant blue fluorescent material.

Tension-relaxing method-A simplified revision of the endoscopic septoplasty technique: For both aesthetic appearance and functionality.

OBJECTIVE: This article describes a simplified endonasal approach compared with traditional techniques for the correction of crooked noses by using endoscopic tension-relaxing septoplasty in the absence of nasal splints, with attempts to improve both the aesthetic appearance and functionality. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study was conducted at our institution with all 26 patients who underwent tension-relaxing rhinoseptoplasty by endoscope between November 2008 and January 2013. METHODS: Patients who were concerned about their aesthetic appearance and nasal obstruction were subjected to anterior rhinoscopy, endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity, and computed tomography for the evaluation of correlations among deformity of the nasal structures and nasal airway. The tension-relaxing method was used in the endoscopic rhinoseptoplasty by an endonasal approach. We introduced this technique in the surgery for patients with a C- or an I-shaped crooked nose. Subjective (visual analog scale) and objective (quantitative electronic meter measurement) assessments were used to evaluate aesthetic appearance. Validated Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scale and active anterior rhinomanometry were used to assess nasal obstruction. RESULTS: All the patients indicated cosmetic satisfaction and reduced nasal obstruction. In cases with I-shaped and C-shaped crooked nose deformities, pre- and postoperative angle values (mean ± standard deviation) were 13.35 ± 3.36° versus 1.85 ± 1.66° (n = 15) and 153.69 ± 6.48° versus 176.64 ± 2.32° (n = 11), respectively. Postoperative correction rates were statistically significant (p < 0.001) in both groups. Results from active anterior rhinomanometry indicated significant improvement in objective nasal obstruction from a mean baseline value of 0.56 ± 0.07 Pa/cm(3)/s (range, 0.43- 0.69 Pa/cm(3)/s), to a 12-month value of 0.26 ± 0.02 Pa/cm(3)/s (range, 0.23-0.29 Pa/cm(3)/s) (p < 0.001). The mean rhinoseptoplasty duration time was 19.00 ± 3.53 minutes. The nose deformities were significantly improved, with no recurrences of septal deviation or crooked nose, nor complications of septal perforation and nasal infection 12 months after the operation. CONCLUSION: This simple technique is feasible and minimally invasive, and may be particularly beneficial to patients with a deviated septum who seek to improve both their aesthetic appearance and nasal functionality. However, this method is not appropriate for those with a crooked nose caused by nasal bone deformity, lateral cartilages, and severe septal deformity.

[Study on 2,747 cases of inner ear malformation for its classification in patient with sensorineural hearing loss].

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the data of the patients with sensorineural hearing loss in China and study the classification and incidence of inner ear malformationsby the high-resolution computed tomography. METHOD: The investigation took a retrospective review of CT findings relating to the 2,747 cases of outpatients. The inner ear malformations diagnosed by CT were classified according to the methods proposed by Sennaroglu. RESULT: (1)843 cases of inner ear malformations were found in 2747 cases of patients with sensorineural hearing loss by CT examination. The incidence of inner ear malformation was 30.69%(843/2747). (2) The epidemiological information of 843 cases of inner ear malformation according to Sennaroglu's classification was as follows: cochlea was 52. 31%(441/843), simple vestibular aqueduct was 40.33%(340/843), simple vestibular/ semicircular canal/internal auditory canal were 7. 35%(62/843) of the group. (3) 441 cases of cochlea malformation were consisted of these types of malformation: Michel deformity was 1.13% (5/441), cochlear aplasia was 1. 81% (8/441), common cavity deformity was 3. 17% (14/441), incomplete partition type I was 8. 62% (38/441), cochlea hypoplasia was 9. 07% (40/441) and incomplete partition type II was 76. 19% (336/441) of the group. CONCLUSION: The results suggested that 30. 69% cases of inner ear malformation can be found in patients with sensorineural hearing loss, which is more higher than reported by the high-resolution computed tomography. Sennaroglu's classification is instructively significant in investigating the status of inner ear malformations.

Facial palsy in Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome and Bell's palsy: familial history and recurrence tendency.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare genetic predilection and recurrence tendency between facial palsy in Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) and Bell's palsy METHODS: We carried out an investigation on patients with facial palsy in MRS and those with Bell's palsy who visited the outpatient department in our hospital between February 2009 and February 2013. They were asked about familial history and whether it was the first episode, with the results recorded and compared. RESULTS: There were 16 patients with facial palsy in MRS and 860 patients with Bell's palsy involved in the study. Familial history was positive in 5 of 16 patients (31.3%) with facial palsy in MRS and 56 of 860 patients (6.5%) with Bell's palsy (P < .01). Twelve of 16 cases (75%) with facial palsy in MRS and 88 of 860 cases (10.2%) with Bell's palsy had a history of facial palsy in the past (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Compared to Bell's palsy, facial palsy in MRS has an obvious genetic predilection and recurrence tendency.

Crystal structure of (E)-N'-benzyl-idene-1-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide.

In the title compound, C13H12N4O3, the dihedral angle between the planes of the pyrrole and benzene rings is 7.47 (1)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are arranged in sheets lying parallel to (101). Neighbouring sheets are linked by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, weak π-π [centroid-centroid distance between the pyrrole rings = 3.765 (11) Å] and C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming a three-dimensional structure.

The prognostic role of the cancer stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and clinicopathological features and its effect on survival. A meta-analysis based on published studies was conducted to accurately evaluate the association between the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in clinical samples and clinical outcome. METHODS: A search in the PubMed, EMBASE, and Wanfang databases (up to May 1, 2014) was conducted. Publications assessing the clinical or prognostic significance of ALDH1 expression in HNSCC were identified and reviewed until May 1, 2014. A meta-analysis was performed to clarify the association between ALDH1 expression and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 9 publications satisfied the criteria and comprised 749 cases. ALDH1 expression was not significantly associated with tumor T stage [I+II vs. III+IV; odds ratio (OR)=1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.70-2.15, P=0.48]. However, in the identified studies, ALDH1 expression was highly correlated with tumor differentiation (G1+G2 vs. G3; OR=3.30, 95% CI=1.92-5.67, P<0.001), lymph node metastasis (OR=4.07, 95% CI=1.18-14.10, P=0.03), decreased overall survival [relative risk (RR)=1.84, 95% CI=1.43-2.36, P<0.0001], and decreased disease-free survival (RR=2.34, 95% CI=1.37-4.00, P=0.002). CONCLUSION: ALDH1-positive HNSCC patients had worse prognosis, which was associated with common clinicopathological features and poor prognostic factors.

Coblation plus photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of juvenile onset laryngeal papillomatosis: case reports.

BACKGROUND: In treating juvenile-onset laryngeal papillomatosis, the most difficult aspect is preventing recurrence. After a single treatment, recurrence can begin after as soon as 20 days and the recurrent rate can be higher than 90%. The causes of recurrence include the presence of mucosal cells infected with papilloma virus, which are undetectable with the naked eyes, and surgery-induced infection. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) could effectively solve this problem. Virus-infected cells have a very high metabolic energy for capturing and internalizing the photosensitizer, which, after light stimulation, subsequently induces active oxygen species inside the nucleus, which kill infected cells. The second generation of photosensitizer agents (PA) are locally applied to avoid the intravenous systemic damage caused by first-generation PAs, and this method is widely used for the treatment of genital warts to very good effect. METHODS: We used the photodynamic method to treat laryngeal papillomatosis in children and obtained significant efficacy. We followed three juvenile subjects with recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis through a course of treatment (each course includes three PDT sessions), with a follow-up after 6 months. RESULTS: The characteristic procedures involve exposing the larynx with a laryngoscope and using low-temperature plasma technology to visualize the tumor resection, as the effects of plasma technology can reduce postoperative laryngeal edema and reduce intraoperative metastasis. PDT was performed during the first surgery, 20 days after and 30 days after surgery. At the 6-month follow-ups, there was no recurrence. CONCLUSION: This was the world's first successful reported case of the use of PDT treatment for juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis.

Experimental studies on the inhibition of adenovirus-ING4-OSM therapy on nasopharyngeal carcinoma proliferation in vitro and in vivo.

In the present study, the effects of the co-transfer of the tumor growth inhibitor 4 gene (ING4) together with the Oncostatin M (OSM) were investigated on tumor regression and subsequent tumor recurrence. We constructed a recombinant adenovirus carrying ING4 and OSM, which could induce high-level expression of these three genes in NPC CNE-1 cells. Ad-ING4, Ad-OSM and Ad-ING4-OSM infection all inhibited the growth of CNE-1 cells in vitro, while the Ad-ING4-OSM exerted the strongest inhibitory effect. In CNE-1 xenograft tumor models mice, an intratumoral injection of Ad-ING4, Ad-OSM and Ad-ING4-OSM resulted in a reduced tumor burden, compared to normal saline controls. Therefore, we suggested that the introduction of adenovirus-mediated ING4 and OSM genes could synergistically decrease the recurrence or metastases and develop a control of NPC tumors, which advocate a promising therapeutic future in NPC treatment.

[Analysis the relationship between SLC26A4 mutation and current diagnosis of inner ear malformation in children with sensorineural hearing loss].

OBJECTIVE: Explore the relationship between the pathogenic mutations of SLC26A4 gene and inner ear malformation, and analyze the feasibility of genetic testing to help current diagnosis in part of children with sensorineural hearing loss. METHOD: 2094 cases of children were detected by SLC26A4 with the method of DNA sequence. CT phenotypes of those children were classified according to the method proposed by Sennaroglu. We analyzed the relationship between the pathogenic mutations of gene and the CT phenotypes. RESULT: (1) 685 cases of inner ear malformations were found in 2094 cases of children with sensorineural hearing loss by CT examination (371 cases of cochlea malformation were consisted of the follow types of malformation. Michel deformity was 6 cases, cochlea aplasia was 8 cases, common cavity deformity was 12 cases, incomplete partition type I was 27 cases, cochlea hypoplasia was 30 cases and Mondini malformation was 288 cases); Vestibular aqueduct was 265 cases; Vestibular/semicircular canal/internal auditory canal were 49 cases, normal was 1409 cases. (2) The DNA sequence results revealed that 465 cases carried pathogenic mutations (Bi-allelic mutations) of SLC26A4 gene, among which 135 cases were homozygous, 330 cases were compound heterozygous. (3) Pathogenic mutations of SLC26A4 gene detected 100% (465/465) in the group related to vestibular aqueduct malformation. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that pathogenic mutation of SLC26A4 gene is closely related to the CT phenotype of vestibular aqueduct malformation. Detecting of pathogenic mutations for hearing loss is binging the possibility to identify children with inner malformations at an early stage. As a consequence, it will improve the current diagnosis and therapeutical option.

[AG200 and polysomnography in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical value of polysomnography (PSG) and ApneaGraph (AG200) in the diagnosis evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHOD: From January to December in 2012, 67 OSAHS patients diagnosed by PSG were examined by AG200. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI), hypopnea index (HI), apnea index (AI), the lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) was were detected and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULT: Significant differences were observed in AI, AHI, LSaO2 between AG200 and PSG (P < 0.05, respectively). No statistically significant difference was found in HI. The differences in HI between AG200 and PSG were not significant (P > 0.05). AHI, HI and LSaO2 was were significantly correlated between AG200 and PSG (r = 0.870, 0.743, 0.374, 0.716, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: AG200 could not replace PSG but could identify the level of upper airway obstruction.