Insights into multilevel tissue-level collateral status using ColorViz maps from dual data sources in acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases: A STARD-compliant retrospective study.

This study aims to explore the utility of ColorViz mapping from dual data sources for assessing arterial collateral circulation and predicting cerebral tissue-level collateral (TLC) in patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases. A retrospective study was conducted at a single center on a cohort of 79 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases between November 2021 and April 2022, who had undergone both multi-phase CT angiography (mCTA) and computed tomography perfusion (CTP). The quality of images and arterial collateral status depicted on ColorViz maps from dual data-sets (mCTA and CTP) were assessed using a "5-point scale" and a "10-point scale," respectively. The status of TLC was evaluated by analyzing multilevel hypoperfusion volume and the hypoperfusion intensity ratio (HIR). The Spearman correlation coefficient was employed to examine the association between arterial collateral status derived from dual data sources and TLC. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic efficacy in detecting large vessel occlusive acute ischemic stroke (LVO-AIS). The ColorViz maps derived from dual data sources facilitated comparable image quality, with over 95% of cases meeting diagnostic criteria, for the evaluation of arterial level collateral circulation. Patients with robust arterial collateral circulation, as determined by dual data sources, were more likely to exhibit favorable TLC status, as evidenced by reductions in hypoperfusion volume (Tmax > 4 seconds, Tmax > 6 seconds, Tmax > 8 seconds, and Tmax > 10 seconds, P < .05) and HIR (Tmax > 6 seconds/4 seconds, Tmax > 8 seconds/4 seconds, Tmax > 10 seconds/4 seconds, and Tmax > 8 seconds/6 seconds, P < .05). The sensitivity and specificity in detecting LVO-AIS was 60.00% and 97.73% for mCTA source maps, while 74.29% and 72.73% for CTP source maps (P > .05 based on De-Long test). In conclusion, this study indicates that ColorViz maps derived from both data sources are equally important in evaluating arterial collateral circulation and enhancing diagnostic efficiency in patients with LVO-AIS, as well as offering insights into the TLC status based on hypoperfusion volume and HIR.

A Janus hydrogel that enables wet tissue adhesion and resists abdominal adhesions.

Hydrogels have indeed achieved significant advancements, yet their clinical translation has been hampered by their inherent limitations in wet adhesion properties. Furthermore, the design of adhesive hydrogels that can resist postoperative adhesions remains an intricate challenge. In this study, we introduce a Janus hydrogel (JGP) that offers a novel approach to address these challenges. The JGP hydrogel has two asymmetrical sides, consisting of an adhesion layer (AL) and an anti-adhesion layer (AAL). Specifically, the AL incorporates three key components: N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl]acrylamide (THMA), acrylic acid (AAc), and the acrylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (AAc-NHS). By drying the AL, it has a rapid water absorption capability. The abundance of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the AL enables the formation of robust hydrogen bonds with tissues, thereby achieving superior adhesive properties. Additionally, the synergistic effect of THMA's tridentate hydrogen bonding and the covalent bonding formed by AAc-NHS with tissue ensures long-lasting wet adhesion. To realize the anti-adhesion function, one side of the AL was immersed in a solution of [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide (SBMA), which undergoes crosslinking to form the AAL. A comprehensive series of tests have confirmed that the JGP hydrogel exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, efficient and enduring adhesion, excellent biocompatibility, and degradability. Moreover, it possesses remarkable hemostatic properties and robust anti-abdominal adhesion characteristics.

Tetramethylpyrazine Nitrone (TBN) Reduces Amyloid ß Deposition in Alzheimer's Disease Models by Modulating APP Expression, BACE1 Activity, and Autophagy Pathways.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with age. A wealth of evidence indicates that the amyloid ß (Aß) aggregates result from dyshomeostasis between Aß production and clearance, which plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AD. Consequently, therapies targeting Aß reduction represent a promising strategy for AD intervention. Tetramethylpyrazine nitrone (TBN) is a novel tetramethylpyrazine derivative with potential for the treatment of AD. Previously, we demonstrated that TBN markedly enhanced cognitive functions and decreased the levels of Aß, APP, BACE 1, and hyperphosphorylated tau in 3×Tg-AD mice. However, the mechanism by which TBN inhibits Aß deposition is still unclear. In this study, we employed APP/PS1 mice treated with TBN (60 mg/kg, ig, bid) for six months, and N2a/APP695swe cells treated with TBN (300 µM) to explore the mechanism of TBN in Aß reduction. Our results indicate that TBN significantly alleviated cognitive impairment and reduced Aß deposition in APP/PS1 mice. Further investigation of the underlying mechanisms revealed that TBN decreased the expression of APP and BACE1, activated the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 autophagy pathway, inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1 autophagy pathway, and decreased the phosphorylation levels of JNK and ERK in APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, TBN was found to significantly reduce the mRNA levels of APP and BACE1, as well as those of SP1, CTCF, TGF-ß, and NF-κB, transcription factors involved in regulating gene expression. Additionally, TBN was observed to decrease the level of miR-346 and increase the levels of miR-147 and miR-106a in the N2a/APP695swe cells. These findings indicate that TBN may reduce Aß levels likely by reducing APP expression by regulating APP gene transcriptional factors and miRNAs, reducing BACE1 expression, and promoting autophagy activities.

An Automatic Method for Elbow Joint Recognition, Segmentation and Reconstruction.

Elbow computerized tomography (CT) scans have been widely applied for describing elbow morphology. To enhance the objectivity and efficiency of clinical diagnosis, an automatic method to recognize, segment, and reconstruct elbow joint bones is proposed in this study. The method involves three steps: initially, the humerus, ulna, and radius are automatically recognized based on the anatomical features of the elbow joint, and the prompt boxes are generated. Subsequently, elbow MedSAM is obtained through transfer learning, which accurately segments the CT images by integrating the prompt boxes. After that, hole-filling and object reclassification steps are executed to refine the mask. Finally, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is conducted seamlessly using the marching cube algorithm. To validate the reliability and accuracy of the method, the images were compared to the masks labeled by senior surgeons. Quantitative evaluation of segmentation results revealed median intersection over union (IoU) values of 0.963, 0.959, and 0.950 for the humerus, ulna, and radius, respectively. Additionally, the reconstructed surface errors were measured at 1.127, 1.523, and 2.062 mm, respectively. Consequently, the automatic elbow reconstruction method demonstrates promising capabilities in clinical diagnosis, preoperative planning, and intraoperative navigation for elbow joint diseases.

A bioinspired switchable adhesive patch with adhesion and suction mechanisms for laparoscopic surgeries.

Medical adhesives play an important role in clinical medicine because of their flexibility and convenient operation. However, they are still limited to laparoscopic surgeries, which have demonstrated urgent demand for liver retraction with minimal damage to the human body. Here, inspired by the suction cup structure of octopus, an adhesive patch with excellent mechanical properties, robust and switchable adhesiveness, and biocompatibility is proposed. The adhesive patch is combined by the attachment body mainly made of poly(acrylic acid) grafted with N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, crosslinked biodegradable gelatin methacrylate and biodegradable biopolymer gelatin to mimic the adhesive sucker rim, and the temperature-sensitive telescopic layer of microgel-crosslinked poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) to shrink and form internal cavity with reduced pressure. Through mechanical tests, adhesion evaluation, and biocompatibility analysis, the bioinspired adhesive patch has demonstrated its capacity not only in adhesion to tissues but also in potential treatment for medical applications, especially laparoscopic technology. The bioinspired adhesive patch can break through the limitations of traditional retraction methods, and become an ideal candidate for liver retraction in laparoscopic surgery and related clinical medicine.

Comparison of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy combined with portal vein/superior mesenteric vein resection and reconstruction for pancreatic cancer: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Open surgery is gradually replaced by minimally invasive surgery, but few studies have reported the feasibility of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) combined with vascular resection and reconstruction. The present study compared the efficacy of LPD with open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) combined with portal vein/superior mesenteric vein (PV/SMV) resection and reconstruction for pancreatic cancer. Methods: The clinical data of patients who underwent PD combined with PV/SMV resection and reconstruction from March 2016 to August 2022 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. The perioperative outcomes and survival outcomes were compared after propensity score matching (PSM). Results: The original cohort included 64 patients. Sixteen pairs of patients were obtained by 1:1 PSM. The intraoperative blood loss was greater in the OPD group than in the LPD group (550 vs. 200 mL, P=0.04), and the PV clamp time was longer in the LPD group than in the OPD group (29.4 vs. 18.8 min, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications. The median overall survival and progression-free survival were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: LPD combined with PV/SMV resection and reconstruction is safe and feasible in selected patients and results in similar perioperative outcomes and prognosis as open surgery.

Improving the stability, foliar utilization and biological activity of imidacloprid delivery systems: Size effect of nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology could improve the effectiveness and functionality of pesticides, but the size effect of nanopesticides on formulation performance and the related mechanisms have yet to be explored, hindering the precise design and development of efficient and eco-friendly nanopesticides. In this study, two non-carrier-coated imidacloprid formulations (Nano-IMI and Micro-IMI) with identical composition but varying particle size characteristics were constructed to exclude other interferences in the size effect investigation. Nano-IMI and Micro-IMI both exhibited rod-like structures. Specifically, Nano-IMI had average vertical and horizontal axis sizes of 239.5 nm and 561.8 nm, while Micro-IMI exhibited 6.7 µm and 22.1 µm, respectively. Compared to Micro-IMI, the small size effect of Nano-IMI affected the arrangement of interfacial molecules, reduced surface tension and contact angle, thereby improving the stability, dispersibility, foliar wettability, deposition and retention of the nano-system. Nano-IMI exhibited 1.3 times higher toxicity to Aphis gossypii Glover compared to Micro-IMI, attributed to its enhanced foliar utilization efficiency. Importantly, the Nano-IMI did not intensify the toxicity to non-target organism Apis mellifera L. This study systematically elucidates the influence of size effect on key indicators related to the effectiveness and safety, providing a theoretical basis for efficient and safe application of nanopesticides and critical insights into sustainable agriculture and environmental development.

Network medicine-based analysis of the hepatoprotective effects of Amomum villosum Lour. on alcoholic liver disease in rats.

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and mainly results from prolonged and excessive alcohol use. Amomum villosum Lour. (A. villosum), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has hepatoprotective properties. However, its ability to combat alcohol-induced liver injury has not been fully explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of A. villosum in a rat model of alcohol-induced liver disease, thereby establishing a scientific foundation for the potential preventive use of A. villosum in ALD. We established a Chinese liquor (Baijiu)-induced liver injury model in rats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, in combination with biochemical tests, was used to evaluate the protective effects of A. villosum on the liver. The integration of network medicine analysis with experimental validation was used to explore the hepatoprotective effects and potential mechanisms of A. villosum in rats. Our findings showed that A. villosum ameliorated alcohol-induced changes in body weight, liver index, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, blood lipid metabolism, and liver function in rats. Network proximity analysis was employed to identify 18 potentially active ingredients of A. villosum for ALD treatment. These potentially active ingredients in the blood were further identified using mass spectrometry (MS). Our results showed that A. villosum plays a hepatoprotective role by modulating the protein levels of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), anti-nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In conclusion, the results of the current study suggested that A. villosum potentially exerts hepatoprotective effects on ALD in rats, possibly through regulating the protein levels of ESR1, NR3C1, IL-6, and TNF-α.

OTULIN of exosomes derived from Schwann cells promotes peripheral nerve injury repair by regulating macrophage polarization via deubiquitination of ERBB2.

A significant public health burden is peripheral nerve damage (PNI), which is frequently brought on by trauma. Macrophages were essential to the effective regeneration of nerves and restoration of function. It is still not entirely understood how macrophages and Schwann cells interact after damage during remyelination. Here, we established an inflammatory model in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and a rat sciatic nerve damage model to investigate the possible relationship between lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced exosomes derived from Schwann cells (LPS SCs-Exos) and peripheral nerve repair. The pro-inflammatory macrophage was changed into a pro-regeneration macrophage by LPS SC-Exos. Notably, it was discovered that SC-Exos had a substantial enrichment of OTULIN. OTULIN was a key mediator in the regulatory effects of LPS SC-Exos by deubiquitinating ERBB2 and preventing its degradation. The local injection of SC-Exos into the nerve damage site led in a faster functional recovery, axon regeneration and remyelination, and an increased M2 macrophage polarization, whereas OTULIN knockdown reversed these effects in vivo. Our results indicate that LPS SC-Exos may offer a therapeutic avenue for peripheral nerve regeneration by promoting macrophage polarization toward an M2 phenotype through the shuttling of OTULIN and deubiquitination of ERBB2. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: OTULIN protein from SC-Exos mediated the macrophages polarization and axonal growth in BMDMs through promoting ubiquitination of ERBB2 and triggering the degradation of ERBB2. The findings offered prospective therapeutic hints for PNI therapy approaches that target axonal regrowth.

Serology and molecular genetic analysis of two unrelated individuals with the same novel CisAB blood type.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to report two unrelated individuals with the same novel CisAB blood type and confirm this rare blood type using a comprehensive approach that combines serological and molecular biology techniques. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from two patients and their family members. ABO blood typing and antibody detection were performed using conventional tube methods. Molecular biology techniques were employed to amplify and sequence the 6th and 7th exons of the ABO gene, with reference to gene mutation databases provided by NCBI and ISBT. RESULTS: The genotypes of the two unrelated individuals were identical and were confirmed as a new genotype through ISBT gene database comparison. Serological testing results showed different antigen reaction patterns, especially in terms of reverse typing. Gene sequencing identified a series of mutation points, and both unrelated individuals and one of their daughters had mutations at 297 A>G, 526 C>G, 657 C>T, 703 G>A, 803 G>C, and 930 G>A. According to the comprehensive results from The Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database provided by NCBI, the genotype was determined as Bw37. However, based on the results from Names for ABO (ISBT 001) blood group alleles v1.1 171023, the sequencing results indicated a novel mutation combination not found in the ISBT database. Considering the serological reactions of all three individuals, the final determination was CisAB. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirmed the novel CisAB blood type in two individuals through the comprehensive application of serology and molecular biology techniques. The identified gene mutation points were not recorded in known databases, emphasizing the uniqueness of CisAB blood types. This research provides important insights into the genetic basis of ABO subtypes and the characteristics of CisAB blood types, and the relevant results have been submitted to the ISBT website for further research.

Neuroinflammation of Microglial Regulation in Alzheimer's Disease: Therapeutic Approaches.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex degenerative disease of the central nervous system that is clinically characterized by a progressive decline in memory and cognitive function. The pathogenesis of AD is intricate and not yet fully understood. Neuroinflammation, particularly microglial activation-mediated neuroinflammation, is believed to play a crucial role in increasing the risk, triggering the onset, and hastening the progression of AD. Modulating microglial activation and regulating microglial energy metabolic disorder are seen as promising strategies to intervene in AD. The application of anti-inflammatory drugs and the targeting of microglia for the prevention and treatment of AD has emerged as a new area of research interest. This article provides a comprehensive review of the role of neuroinflammation of microglial regulation in the development of AD, exploring the connection between microglial energy metabolic disorder, neuroinflammation, and AD development. Additionally, the advancements in anti-inflammatory and microglia-regulating therapies for AD are discussed.

CircSNX6 promotes proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-383-5p/VEGFA signaling pathway.

The role of circular RNA (circRNAs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been extensively studied. Previous research has highlighted the regulatory role of circSNX6 in HCC cells and tissues. However, the precise mechanism underlying HCC progression still requires comprehensive investigation. The study initially utilized quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to assess circSNX6 expression levels in HCC cell lines and tissues. Subsequently, the stability of circRNA was evaluated through Ribonuclease R and actinomycin D treatment assays. The impact of circSNX6 knockdown on proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis abilities was determined using various assays including colony formation, Transwell culture system, tube formation assay, and cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assays. Additionally, RNA immunoprecipitation chip and dual-luciferase reporter assays were employed to investigate the interactions between circSNX6 and miR-383-5p. Finally, an HCC xenograft tumor model in mice was established to assess the in vivo expression of circSNX6 and its functional role in HCC. Our findings revealed an elevated circSNX6 expression in HCC tissues, which was correlated with poor patient prognosis. Knockdown of circSNX6 suppressed HCC cell growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis. The downregulation of miR-383-5p, a target of circSNX6, significantly attenuated the tumor-suppressive effects induced by circSNX6 knockdown. Moreover, circSNX6 was found to modulate VEGFA expression by targeting miR-383-5p. The inhibition of HCC cell proliferation by miR-383-5p could be partially reversed by overexpressing VEGFA. Silencing circSNX6 also suppressed tumor formation and the metastasis of HCC cells in a mouse model. In summary, our findings suggest that circSNX6 promotes cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis in HCC by regulating the miR-383-5p/VEGFA pathway.

Hypoxia-Challenged Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Cell-Derived Exosomal circR3HCC1L Drives Tumor Growth Via Upregulating PKM2 Through Sequestering miR-873-5p.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a fatal disease with poor survival. Increasing evidence show that hypoxia-induced exosomes are associated with cancer progression. Here, we aimed to investigate the function of hsa_circ_0007678 (circR3HCC1L) and hypoxic PAAD cell-derived exosomal circR3HCC1L in PAAD progression. Through the exoRBase 2.0 database, we screened for a circular RNA circR3HCC1L related to PAAD. Changes of circR3HCC1L in PAAD samples and cells were analyzed with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferation, migration, invasion were analyzed by colony formation, cell counting, and transwell assays. Measurements of glucose uptake and lactate production were done using corresponding kits. Several protein levels were detected by western blotting. The regulation mechanism of circR3HCC1L was verified by dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pull-down assays. Exosomes were separated by differential ultracentrifugation. Animal experiments were used to verify the function of hypoxia-derived exosomal circR3HCC1L. CircR3HCC1L was upregulated in PAAD samples and hypoxic PAAD cells. Knockdown of circR3HCC1L decreased hypoxia-driven PAAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis. Hypoxic PAAD cell-derived exosomes had higher levels of circR3HCC1L, hypoxic PAAD cell-derived exosomal circR3HCC1L promoted normoxic cancer cell malignant transformation and glycolysis in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in mouse models in vivo. Mechanistically, circR3HCC1L regulated pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression via sponging miR-873-5p. Also, PKM2 overexpression or miR-873-5p silencing offset circR3HCC1L knockdown-mediated effects on hypoxia-challenged PAAD cell malignant transformation and glycolysis. Hypoxic PAAD cell-derived exosomal circR3HCC1L facilitated PAAD progression through the miR-873-5p/PKM2 axis, highlighting the contribution of hypoxic PAAD cell-derived exosomal circR3HCC1L in PAAD.

Achieving high-capacity and durable sodium storage by constructing a binder-free nanotube array architecture of iron phosphide/carbon.

The conversion-type anode material of iron phosphide (FeP) promises enormous prospects for Na-ion battery technology due to its high theoretical capacity and cost-effectiveness. However, the poor reaction kinetics and large volume expansion of FeP significantly degrade the sodium storage, which remains a daunting challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a binder-free nanotube array architecture constructed by FeP@C hybrid on carbon cloth as advanced anodes to achieve fast and stable sodium storage. The nanotubular structure functions in multiple roles of providing short electron/ion transport distances, smooth electrolyte diffusion channels, and abundant active sites. The carbon layer could not only pave high-speed pathways for electron conductance but also cushion the volume change of FeP. Benefiting from these structural virtues, the FeP@C anode receives a high reversible capacity of 881.7 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g, along with a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 90% and excellent rate capability and cyclability in half and full cells. Moreover, the sodium energy reaction kinetics and mechanism of FeP@C are systematically studied. The present work offers a rational design and construction of high-capacity anode materials for high-energy-density Na-ion batteries.

A Promising Plant-Based Eugenol-Loaded Nano Delivery System (EUG@CMC-PGMA-CS) for Enhanced Antibacterial and Insect Repellent Behavior.

Pathogens and pests pose significant threats to global crop productivity and plant immunity, necessitating urgent measures from researchers to prevent pathogen contamination and pest damage to crops. A natural plant-based antibacterial agent, eugenol (EUG), has demonstrated excellent antimicrobial and insect repellent capabilities, but the characteristics of volatilization and poor dissolution limit the practical application. The nanoization of pesticide formulations holds promise in the development of highly effective pesticides for antibacterial and insecticidal purposes. Herein, a eugenol-loaded nano delivery system (EUG@CMC-PGMA-CS) was synthesized using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as a functional monomer to connect carrier core structure carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with shell structure chitosan (CS), and EUG was encapsulated within the carrier. EUG@CMC-PGMA-CS demonstrated excellent leaf affinity, with minimum contact angles (CAs) of 37.83 and 70.52° on hydrophilic and hydrophobic vegetable leaf surfaces, respectively. Moreover, the maximum liquid holding capacity (LHC) of EUG@CMC-PGMA-CS on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic vegetable leaf surfaces demonstrates a noteworthy 55.24% enhancement compared to the LHC of pure EUG. The in vitro release curve of EUG@CMC-PGMA-CS exhibited an initial burst followed by stable sustained release. It is with satisfaction that the nano delivery system demonstrated exceptional antibacterial properties against S. aureus and satisfactory insecticidal efficacy against Spodoptera litura. The development of this eugenol-loaded nano delivery system holds significant potential for enhanced antibacterial and insect repellents in agriculture, paving the way for the application of volatile bioactive substances.

Sixteen cases of laparoscopic central pancreatectomy for benign or low-grade malignant tumours in the pancreatic neck and proximal body.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to examine and analyse the outcomes and patient experiences associated with laparoscopic central pancreatectomy. METHODS: The perioperative data of 16 patients who underwent laparoscopic central pancreatectomy were retrospectively analysed at Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital (Xingning Branch and Eastern Branch) from September 2017 to July 2023. RESULTS: All surgical procedures were completed without the need for intraoperative conversion to open surgery. In two cases, intraoperative cholangiography was performed, while in four cases, intraoperative fluoroscopic laparoscopic assistance was utilized. The duration of the operations varied from 160 to 360 min, with an average of 281.75 min. The estimated volume of intraoperative bleeding ranged from 50 to 300 mL, with an average of 113.75 mL. The postoperative pathology results revealed that there were two cases of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, six cases of serous cystic neoplasms, one case of mucinous cystic neoplasm, five cases of solid pseudopapillary neoplasms, and two cases of neuroendocrine tumours. The maximum diameter of the tumours ranged from 3.0 to 5.0 cm, with an average of 3.67 cm. There were no instances of postoperative common bile duct stenosis or biliary leakage. Among the cases, five did not exhibit pancreatic fistula, six experienced biochemical leakage, three had grade B pancreatic fistula, and two had grade C pancreatic fistula. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic central pancreatectomy, as a method to preserve pancreatic function, entails specific surgical risks and a notable likelihood of postoperative pancreatic fistula, necessitating the expertise of seasoned surgeons for its execution.

Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Disposable Mask Waste-Reinforced Gangue Concrete.

This paper is grounded on the following information: (1) Disposable masks primarily consist of polypropylene fiber, which exhibits excellent flexibility. (2) China has extensive coal gangue deposits that pose a significant environmental hazard. (3) Coal gangue concrete exhibits greater fragility compared to regular concrete and demonstrates reduced resistance to deformation. With the consideration of environmental conservation and resource reutilization, a preliminary concept suggests the conversion of discarded masks into fibers, which can be blended with coal gangue concrete to enhance its mechanical characteristics. In this paper, the stress-strain law of different mask fiber-doped coal gangue concrete (DMGC) under uniaxial compression is studied when the matrix strength is C20 and C30, and the effect of mask fiber content on the mechanical behavior and energy conversion relationship of coal gangue concrete is analyzed. The experimental results show that when the content of mask fiber is less than 1.5%, the strength, elastic modulus, deformation resistance, and energy dissipation of the concrete increase with mask fiber content. When the amount of mask fiber is more than 1.5%, because the tensile capacity and energy dissipation level of concrete produced by the mask fiber cannot compensate for the compression and deformation resistance of concrete of the same quantity and because excess fiber is difficult to evenly mix in the concrete, there are pore defects in concrete, which decreases the concrete strength due to the increase in mask fiber. Therefore, adding less than 1.5% mask fiber helps to improve the ductility, toughness, impermeability, and oxidation and control the cracking of coal gangue concrete. Based on Weibull theory, a constitutive model of DMGC is established, which fits well with the results of a uniaxial test, providing support for understanding the mechanical law of mask fiber-doped concrete.

Imaging, pathology, and diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor of the pancreas: A case report and review of literature.

BACKGROUND: A solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is often located in the pleura, while SFT of the pancreas is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of SFT of the pancreas and discuss imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry for accurate diagnosis and treatment. CASE SUMMARY: A 54-year-old man presented to our hospital with pancreatic occupancy for over a month. There were no previous complaints of discomfort. His blood pressure was normal. Blood glucose, tumor markers, and enhanced computed tomography (CT) suggested a malignant tumor. Because the CT appearance of pancreatic cancer varies, we could not confirm the diagnosis; therefore, we performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB). Pathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with SFT of the pancreas. The postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with the puncture results. The patient presented for a follow-up examination one month after discharge with no adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Other diseases must be excluded in patients with a pancreatic mass that cannot be diagnosed. CT and pathological histology have diagnostic value for pancreatic tumors. Endoscopic puncture biopsy under ultrasound can help diagnose pancreatic masses that cannot be diagnosed preoperatively. Surgery is an effective treatment for SFT of the pancreas; however, long-term follow-up is strongly recommended because of the possibility of malignant transformation of the tumor.

Foliar application of glycine-functionalized nanopesticides for effective prevention and control of root-knot nematodes via a targeted delivery strategy.

BACKGROUND: Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are the highly damaging pests for various crops, and the prevalence of RKNs has posed serious threats to worldwide agricultural harvest, severely affecting global food security and ecosystem health. Traditional pesticide systems on controlling RKNs generally cause environmental hazards and phytotoxicity due to the excessive use of pesticides resulted from low utilization efficiency. And effective approaches with biosafe and efficient features are highly demanded to break away from the dilemma caused by RKNs. RESULTS: In this research, a nanopesticide system with root-targeted delivery function was developed to achieve effective prevention and control of RKNs. The nanocarriers (MSN-KH560-Gly) and the obtained nanopesticides (EB@MSN-KH560-Gly) were proved to be biosafe. Also, this nanopesticide system demonstrated sustained release behavior. The grafting of glycine (Gly) significantly improved the pesticide contents translocating to cucumber roots (about 304.7%). Besides, such root-targeted delivery function resulted in no root nodule in cucumber plants after the foliar application of these nanopesticides (prevention rate of 100%). In addition, the root nodule numbers of the infected cucumber plants decreased by 71.67%. CONCLUSION: Foliar application of these Gly-functionalized nanopesticides achieved effective prevention and control of RKNs due to the root-targeted delivery property inherent in this nanopesticide system, and such root-targeted delivery strategy opens a novel and efficient method to protect crops from RKN invasion and thus facilitates the development of sustainable agriculture. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

[Investigation of Antigen and Gene Frequency of Kell(K) and Rh(D) Blood Groups in Xinjiang].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the phenotypes and gene frequencies of Kell blood group system K antigen and Rh blood group system D antigen in Xinjiang, and summarize and understand the distribution of Kell(K) blood type and Rh(D) blood type in this area. METHODS: A total of 12 840 patients who met the inclusion criteria during physical examination and treatment in our hospital and 18 medical institutions in our district from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 were collected for identification of Kell blood group system K antigen and Rh blood group System D antigen, and the distribution of K and D blood groups in different regions, genders and nationalities were investigated and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The proportion of K positive in the samples was 1.39%, the highest was 1.91% in southern Xinjiang, and the lowest was 1.03% in northern Xinjiang(P<0.01). The proportion of Rh(D) negative samples was 2.75% and the gene frequency was 16.64%. The proportion of Rh(D) negative samples was 4.03% and the gene frequency was 20.10% in southern Xinjiang, followed by eastern Xinjiang and the lowest in northern Xinjiang (P<0.01). The frequency of K antigen in Uygur nationality was the highest, reaching 2.16%, Kirgiz 1.54%, and the distribution trend of D/d antigen was similar to that of K antigen. Among women, the K positive frequency of Kazak nationality was slightly higher than that of Mongolian nationality. The highest proportion of K positive in Uygur women was 2.38%, which was higher than that in Uygur men (1.86%). The frequency of d phenotype in Kazak women was 3.15%, which was higher than that in Kirgiz （2.89%） (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The distributions of Kell(K) and Rh(D) blood groups in northern and southern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang had its own unique characteristics and differences. There are significant differences in blood group distribution among different ethnic groups and gender groups. In the future, k antigen detection can be included to further improve the investigation on the distribution of Kell blood group system in this region.