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1.
Int J Mol Sci ; 16(7): 15328-46, 2015 Jul 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26198227

RESUMO

Filamentous fungi produce a great variety of enzymes, and research on their biotechnological potential has recently intensified. The objective of this work was to identify, at the species level, using DNA barcoding, 46 fungal isolates obtained from maize grains with rot symptoms. We also analyzed the production of extracellular amylases, cellulases, proteases and lipases of 33 of those fungal isolates. The enzymatic activities were evaluated by the formation of a clear halo or a white precipitate around the colonies in defined substrate media. The found fungi belong to the genera Talaromyces, Stenocarpella, Penicillium, Phlebiopsis, Cladosporium, Hyphopichia, Epicoccum, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Irpex, Fusarium, Microdochium, Mucor and Sarocladium. In the genus Fusarium, the species Fusarium verticillioides was predominant and this genus presented the highest diversity, followed by the genera Aspergillus. The best genera for lipase production were Cladosporium and Penicillium; while Cladosporium, Aspergillus and Penicillium were best for cellulase activity; Hyphopichia, Aspergillus and Irpex for amylase activity; and Cladosporium and Sarocladium for proteases activity. In conclusion, a collection of fungi from maize seeds presenting rotten symptoms were obtained, among which exist important producers of hydrolases.


Assuntos
Fungos/enzimologia , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Sementes/microbiologia , Zea mays/microbiologia , Amilose/metabolismo , Sequência de Bases , Celulose/metabolismo , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Evolução Molecular , Fungos/genética , Hidrólise , Lipólise , Proteólise , Fatores de Tempo
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 13(1): 115-32, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22312242

RESUMO

Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium subglutinans are important fungal pathogens of maize and other cereals worldwide. In this study, we developed PCR-based protocols for the identification of these pathogens targeting the gaoB gene, which codes for galactose oxidase. The designed primers recognized isolates of F. verticillioides and F. subglutinans that were obtained from maize seeds from several producing regions of Brazil but did not recognize other Fusarium spp. or other fungal genera that were either obtained from fungal collections or isolated from maize seeds. A multiplex PCR protocol was established to simultaneously detect the genomic DNA from F. verticillioides and F. subglutinans. This protocol could detect the DNA from these fungi growing in artificially or naturally infected maize seeds. Another multiplex reaction with a pair of primers developed in this work combined with a pre-existing pair of primers has allowed identifying F. subglutinans, F. konzum, and F. thapsinum. In addition, the identification of F. nygamai was also possible using a combination of two PCR reactions described in this work, and another described in the literature.


Assuntos
DNA Fúngico/análise , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Fusarium/enzimologia , Galactose Oxidase/genética , Gibberella/enzimologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Primers do DNA/genética , Primers do DNA/metabolismo , DNA Fúngico/isolamento & purificação , Fusarium/genética , Genoma Fúngico , Gibberella/genética , Zea mays/microbiologia
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