RESUMO
Background: Bruxism is defined as repetitive masticatory muscle activity characterized by clenching or grinding of the teeth and it has been related to psychological factors, such as personality traits, anxiety and stress. Objective: To investigate association between stress and bruxism among university students. Materials and methods:Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults (LSSI) was applied to 253 university students in Diamantina, Brazil. The y were clinically evaluated to verify dental wear. The non-instrumental evaluation of probable bruxism was determined by the patients' reports. Sociodemographic variables and self-reported stress data were collected by usi ng the questionnaire. The chi-square test was used, and significance level of 5% ( p<0.05) was adopted. Results: The prevalence of bruxism was 45.8% and stress, 37.9%. There was no significant association between the presence of stress diagnosed by ISSL and bruxism (p = 0.815). Among the students diagnosed as stressed, 31.6% were in the resistance phase. Self-reported stress was associated with the habit of tooth grinding (p < 0.001). Conclusions: No association was found between stress and bruxism. Nevertheless, the prevalence of bruxism among these students was considered high.
Fundamento: O bruxismo é definido como atividade muscular repetitiva da mastigação caracterizada pelo ranger dos dentes e tem sido relacionado a fatores psicológicos, como traços de personalidade, ansiedade e estresse. Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre estresse e bruxismo em universitários. Materiais e métodos:O Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL) foi aplicado a 253 estudantes universitários em Diamantina, Brasil. Eles foram avaliados clinicamente para verificar o desgaste dentário. A avaliação não instrumental de provável bruxismo foi determinada pelos relatos dos pacientes. Variáveis sociodemográficas e dados de estresse autorreferido foram coletados por meio do questionário. Foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado e adotado nível de significância de 5% (p <0,05). Resultados: A prevalência de bruxismo foi 45,8% e estresse, 37,9%. Não houve associação significativa entre a presença de estresse diagnosticado pelo ISSL e bruxismo (p = 0,815). Entre os alunos com diagnóstico de estresse, 31,6% encontravam-se na fase de resistência. O estresse autorreferido foi associado ao hábito de ranger os dentes (p <0,001). Conclusões: Não foi encontrada associação entre estresse e bruxismo. Apesar disso, a prevalência de bruxismo entre esses estudantes foi considerada alta.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine whether Sjögren syndrome (SS) is related to periodontal status. STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review was performed on the basis of PRISMA (PROSPERO: CRD42017055202). A search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases. Hand searches and review of the gray literature were also performed. Three researchers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed methodologic quality. Studies that correlated primary and/or secondary SS with plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were included. The risk of bias was estimated on the basis of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included in the review and 9 included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 518 and 544 patients, with or without SS, respectively. The mean difference of plaque index (0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.17-0.41), gingival index (0.52; 95% CI 0.14-0.89), and bleeding on probing (9.92; 95% CI 4.37-15.47) were larger in patients with SS than in controls. In primary SS (0.47; 95% CI 0.10-0.83) and secondary SS (0.74; 95% CI 0.10-1.38), only the mean gingival index was larger compared with that in control group. The majority of the included studies were judged as having a high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS: The present review did not provide strong evidence that periodontal status is affected by SS.