Stability of anterior open bite treatment with bonded spurs associated with high-pull chincup.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the stability of anterior open bite (AOB) treatment with bonded spurs associated with high-pull chincup (BS/HPCC). METHODS: The experimental group consisted of 25 Class I AOB patients (15 female, 10 male) treated with BS/HPCC for 1 year. Cephalograms were analysed at pre-treatment (T1), post-treatment (T2) and at the 3-year post-treatment (T3) stage with the patients mean ages of 8.10, 9.14 and 12.18 years, respectively. The control group consisted of 23 subjects (13 female, 10 male) with normal occlusion, with comparable ages at the 3 stages (8.45, 9.45 and 12.50 years at T1, T2 and T3, respectively). T tests were used for intergroup comparisons at T1 and to compare the changes during the 3-year post-treatment period (T2-T3). Intragroup comparison in the treated group was evaluated with dependent t tests between T1 and T2. Correlations between the overbite changes in the T2-T3 period, the pre-treatment AOB severity and the amount of correction achieved during treatment were evaluated with Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: No statistically significant relapse of the AOB was found at T3. Only 1 patient had a clinically significant AOB relapse. Neither the pre-treatment AOB severity nor the amount of correction was related to overbite changes during the 3-year post-treatment period. CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant relapse of the AOB, and the clinical stability of AOB correction 3-year post-treatment was of 96%.

Assessment of Interexaminer Agreement in the Detection of Condyle Morphology and positioning with Two Methods: Radiographic and Tomographic.

AIM: This study aims at evaluating the interexaminer agreement between radiographic and tomographic methods to determine condyle morphological variations and positioning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample comprised 100 individuals aged 13 to 30 years, from the patient files of University of North Paraná. The assessment of condyles morphology and positioning was performed in images of digital panoramic radiography (DPR) and reconstructed panoramic images from the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, by using the Dolphin three-dimensional (3D) program. The condyle morphology was categorized as flat, convex, and angular as well as its positioning classified into anterior, posterior, and concentric. Three calibrated examiners performed this subjective evaluation. After that, another examiner performed an objective assessment of the condyles positioning using tomographic sagittal scans of the condyles, applying the same 3D program. This objective evaluation of the condyle position, considered the gold standard (GS), was achieved by using a formula based on the measurement values of the joint spaces, anterior and posterior. The kappa test was used to assess the interexaminer agreement in determining the condyles morphology and positioning, as well as between the condyle positioning results determined by the examiners and the GS. RESULTS: The results showed poor agreement among examiners and between the subjective and objective condyle positioning evaluation. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the panoramic radiography (PR), either digitalized or reconstructed from CBCT scans, is not suitable for determining variations in condyle morphology and position. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Whenever it is necessary to evaluate the mandibular condyle during the orthodontic screening, the orthodontist should consider another image modality better than the PR.

[Hypocholesterolemic effect of naringin and rutin flavonoids]. / Efeito hipolipidêmico dos flavonóides naringina e rutina.

Flavonoids are pigments fenolics of plants that possess several biological activities, and many of these are associated with prevention of chronic diseases as cancer and hyperlipidemia. This work had as objective evaluates the effect of the flavonoids naringin and rutin on the metabolism lipidic of chicks hypercholesterolemic. In agreement with the results it can be observed that naringin and rutin reduced the levels of total cholesterol significantly, cholesterol-LDL, cholesterol-VLDL and triglycerols, not presenting, however, reductions in the levels of cholesterol-HDL.

[Acute hepatic insufficiency in guinea pigs. Experimental model caused by the injection of monoethanolamine oleate]. / Insuficiência hepática aguda no cobaio. Modelo experimental causado pela injecão de oleato de monoetanolamina.

An appropriate animal model of acute fulminant hepatic failure was developed in the guinea pig by he intrabiliary administration of monoethanolamine oleate. The animals were assigned in two experimental groups: 1) ethanolamine group - 42 guinea pigs that received intrabiliary 2,5 ml injection of monoethanolamine oleate; 2) control group - 18 guinea pigs subjected to intrabiliary 2,5 ml administration of saline. The intrabiliary administration of the ethanolamine oleate resulted in massive liver injury with 85,9% of hepatic coma during the first 96 hr. The liver damage was characterized by clinical manifestations (anorexia, increasing stupor, muscle wasting and deep coma), serum biochemical tests (elevations of serum transaminases, bilirubins , alkaline phosphatase), studies of blood coagulation (prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times were markedly prolonged and the concentration of fibrinogen decreased) and histopathological findings (massive hepatic necrosis). This animal model appears promising for future studies of the pathogenesis and treatment of acute hepatic failure.