RESUMO
The present study examined the efficacy of the topical 15dPGJ2poloxamer 407 hydrogel in an atopic dermatitis (AD) animal model. The 15dPGJ2 hydrogel was prepared and characterized. The examined rats possessed ADLike cutaneous lesions, which were induced using 2,4dinitrochlorobenzene, the rats were then treated with a hydrogel vehicle, 15dPGJ2 hydrogel or tacrolimus for 14 days. The rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected to quantify the IgE levels. Subsequently, skin biopsies were stained with toluidine blue to identify mast cells and immunohistochemistry was performed for RORγt and TNFα. Histological analyses demonstrated that 15dPGJ2 hydrogel significantly decreased mast cell infiltration (P<0.05) when compared with the ADgroup. Tacrolimus at 0.1% exhibited decreased mast cell infiltration; however, this difference was not statistically significant from the ADgroup. Topical 15dPGJ2 hydrogel and Tacrolimus 0.1% significantly reduced the serum levels of IgE (P<0.05) compared with the ADgroup. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in RORγt and TNFα positive cell expression (P<0.05) in the 15dPGJ2 hydrogel group compared with the ADgroup. In summary, topical administration of 15dPGJ2 hydrogel had a beneficial effect on AD symptoms, suggesting that this formulation may be a useful strategy for the treatment of AD.
Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Dinitroclorobenzeno/farmacologia , Hidrogéis/farmacologia , Imunossupressores/farmacologia , Prostaglandina D2/análogos & derivados , Administração Tópica , Animais , Dermatite Atópica/patologia , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Mastócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Membro 3 do Grupo F da Subfamília 1 de Receptores Nucleares/metabolismo , Prostaglandina D2/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Pele , Tacrolimo/farmacologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
The pathogenesis of Behçet's disease (BD) and polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is not yet well established. Endothelial cells have been shown to express chemokines that are involved in inflammatory processes. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a potent chemoattractant and activator of neutrophils. We evaluated serum IL-8 levels in patients with PAN and BD. We measured serum IL-8 levels in 21 patients with BD and 16 with PAN. Sera from 30 age-matched healthy blood donors were used as normal controls. Serum IL-8 levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mean serum IL-8 level of the active BD (1522.31 pg/ml) and that of the active PAN (654.8 pg/ml) was significantly higher than that of the normal controls (40.39 pg/ml, P <0.05). There was no difference in mean serum IL-8 levels between patients with inactive disease and normal controls. We found higher serum levels of IL-8 in those patients with more severe disease. These results suggest that IL-8 may play a role in the pathogenesis of PAN and/or BD. Our study also suggests a possible relation between serum IL-8 levels and the severity of these diseases.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Behçet/imunologia , Interleucina-8/sangue , Poliarterite Nodosa/imunologia , Adulto , Síndrome de Behçet/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Interleucina-8/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Poliarterite Nodosa/sangue , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: House dust mites have been considered the most important source of allergens for humans. These allergens have been encountered at different indoor sites, mainly on mattresses and pillows. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the number and different specimens of mites on Brazilian bunk-bed mattresses. METHODS: Dust samples were collected once using a standardized method on the upper mattress surface (US) and lower mattress surface (LS) (bed frame also included in the latter) of 58 mattresses. RESULTS: The total number of mite bodies on the LS was 3.5-fold higher than on the US, with a mean concentration of 932 mites per gram of fine dust (mites/g) on the US (range, 0-3,375 mites/g) and 3,254 mites/g on the LS (range, 125-14,500 mites/g) (P < .001). Additionally, the number of house dust mite bodies on the LS was 2.4 higher than on the US (P < .001); the mean concentration was 750 mites/g on the US (range, 0-2,875 mites/g) and 1,816 mites/g on the LS (range, 0-10,875 mites/g). Approximately 91% (n = 52) of the US and all LS dust samples had more than the limit of 100 mites/g. The most frequent family was Pyroglyphidae in both mattress surfaces, with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus the most important species found. Storage mites, including Glycyphagidae (P < .001), Acaridae (P < .001), and other families (P < .001), also showed significant differences in the number of mites between both sample counts. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a significant difference in US and LS mite counts, with higher counts on the LS. Mite allergen avoidance should include the LS and bed frame as potential targets.