[Sudden paralysis of upward gaze in a 9-year-old girl]. / Parálisis súbita de la supraversión de la mirada en una niña de 9 años.

TITLE: Parálisis súbita de la supraversión de la mirada en una niña de 9 años.

[Radiological evaluation of congenital tumors]. / Radiografía del abdomen en Urgencias. ¿Una exploración para el recuerdo?

In this article, we consider tumors that are diagnosed during pregnancy or in the first three months of life. This is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with special biological and epidemiological characteristics that differentiate them from tumors arising in children or adults. In the last two decades, the prenatal detection of congenital tumors has increased due to the generalized use of prenatal sonographic screening. Advances in imaging techniques, especially in fetal magnetic resonance imaging, have enabled improvements in the diagnosis, follow-up, clinical management, and perinatal treatment of these tumors. This image-based review of the most common congenital tumors describes their histologic types, locations, and characteristics on the different imaging techniques used.

Lichen rehydration in heavy metal-polluted environments: Pb modulates the oxidative response of both Ramalina farinacea thalli and its isolated microalgae.

Lichens are adapted to desiccation/rehydration and accumulate heavy metals, which induce ROS especially from the photobiont photosynthetic pigments. Although their mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance are still to be unravelled, they seem related to symbionts' reciprocal upregulation of antioxidant systems. With the aim to study the effect of Pb on oxidative status during rehydration, the kinetics of intracellular ROS, lipid peroxidation and chlorophyll autofluorescence of whole Ramalina farinacea thalli and its isolated microalgae (Trebouxia TR1 and T. TR9) was recorded. A genetic characterization of the microalgae present in the thalli used was also carried out in order to assess possible correlations among the relative abundance of each phycobiont, their individual physiological responses and that of the entire thallus. Unexpectedly, Pb decreased ROS and lipid peroxidation in thalli and its phycobionts, associated with a lower chlorophyll autofluorescence. Each phycobiont showed a particular pattern, but the oxidative response of the thallus paralleled the TR1's, agreeing with the genetic identification of this strain as the predominant phycobiont. We conclude that: (1) the lichen oxidative behaviour seems to be modulated by the predominant phycobiont and (2) Pb evokes in R. farinacea and its phycobionts strong mechanisms to neutralize its own oxidant effects along with those of rehydration.

[Intraparotid first branchial arch cyst: complex diagnostic and therapeutic process]. / Quiste de primer arco branquial intraparotídeo: complejo proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico.

First branchial arch cysts are uncommon. Therefore, together with its variable clinical and age presentation they are often misdiagnosed at first. The treatment is surgical, requiring a correct procedure to avoid future recurrences. In this paper we describe a typical case of first branchial arch cyst in which as described in other reports, we first made several misdiagnoses and therefore an inadequate treatment and lastly, with the correct diagnosis, we performed a meticulous complete excision under facial nerve monitoring.

A single primer pair gives a specific ortholog amplicon in a wide range of Cyanobacteria and plastid-bearing organisms: applicability in inventory of reference material from collections and phylogenetic analysis.

The scarcity of universally applied molecular markers for algae has resulted in the development of multiple, independent and not easily comparable systems. The goal of this work is to increase the number of available molecular markers and to generate easily comparable systems. Thereby, we have designed a primer pair capable of amplifying a broad range of organisms: Cyanobacteria, Chlorophyta, Chlorarachniophyta, Cryptophyta, Euglenida, Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta, Stramenopiles and Streptophyta including plants. This primer pair can amplify a portion of the 23S rRNA gene with sufficient variability to identify reference material form collections across a broad range of taxa and perform phylogenetic studies alongside other available markers.

[Malignant oncocytic papilloma. An infrequent type of sinonasal papilloma]. / Papiloma oncocítico malignizado. Una variante infrecuente de papiloma nasosinusal.

Oncocytic scheneiderian papilloma (OSP), or cylindrical cell papilloma, is the less frequent of the three morphologically distinct papillomas occurring in the nose and paranasal sinuses. We report a case of a patient with an OSP and review on the diagnostic and prognostic implications of this type of tumor.

[Possible benefits of calcitonin in the treatment of otosclerosis]. / Posible beneficio de la calcitonina en el tratamiento de la otosclerosis.

This study shows the results obtained after treatment with intranasal calcitonin in 23 patients (36 ears) suffering from otosclerosis. 19.4% showed a hearing improvement upper of 10 dB. The gain was 32 dB in air conduction thresholds and 23 dB. In bone conduction. Tinnitus disappeared in 25% of cases suffering from tinnitus. Calcitonin tolerance was good, 8.7% of patients reported migraine. Authors recommended additional studies in order to evaluate the efficacy of this drug in the treatment of otosclerosis.

[Descriptive epidemiology of hospital interconsultations carried out at the ORL Service for a year in the San Millan-San Pedro Hospital Complex]. / Epidemiología descriptiva de las interconsultas hospitalarias realizadas al Servicio de ORL durante un año en el Complejo Hospitalario San Millán-San Pedro.

UNLABELLED: 391 requests of collaboration to our ENT Department during 1996 have been collected. Twelve variables were analysed: number of request, age, sex, date of emission, type (ordinary, with priority, urgent), time elapsed from emission until valuation of the patient, source, reason's request, pathology, complementary tests, treatment and destination (discharge, re-examination during admission or as an outpatient and admission to ENT-Service). RESULTS: 1,58 request were attended per working day, 80 percent were resolved during the first 48 hours, the Internal Medicine Department was the most frequent source, fever without focus or recalcitrant was the most frequent reason from Paediatric Department. We report the epidemiologic features of the most frequent variables.

[Nodular fasciitis of the oral cavity. Report of an unusual case]. / Fasciítis nodular en la cavidad oral. Presentación de un caso inusual.

Nodular fasciitis is an unusual benign proliferative fibroblastic lesion. It rarely presents in the oral cavity. A review of the world literature revealed only 11 other published cases. We had a case of nodular fasciitis of the oral mucosa in a 27-year-old woman. She noticed a rapidly growing painless nodule. The nodule was successfully eradicated with a single excision. After a year there has been no recurrence. Although the condition is clinically and histologically benign, it may mimic malignancy. It should be taken into account to avoid mutilating surgery.

[Frontolateral laryngectomy. Our experience in La Rioja]. / Laringectomía frontolateral. Nuestra experiencia en La Rioja.

It has been carried out a retrospective study on 16 patients who have suffered from glotic tumorus in T1b stage and have been treated by frontolateral laryngectomy from 1989 to 1998. Data related to age, sex, toxic habits, anatomopathological diagnosis, surgery, recurrence and survival were analysed. The disease affects more in males, in the 5th and 6th decade of life, with a medium to a high consumption of alcohol. The anatomopathological diagnosis in 96.75% of the cases was epidermoid carcinoma. The survival analysis showed that 87.5% of the patients survived free of recurrence for the first five years and only 6.25% had a local recurrence.

[Extracranial schwannomas. Report of seven cases]. / Schwannomas extracraneales. Presentación de siete casos.

Seven cases of extracranial schwannomas in head and neck area are presented. The anatomical structures involved were: tongue, oral mucosa, nasal cavity, IX and XI cranial nerves. It rarely appears (7 cases in 19 years). The clinic is anodyne and its diagnosis is anatomopathological. It is treated by enucleation and relapse is infrequent.

[Tracheobronchial foreign body in the laryngectomized patient]. / Cuerpo extraño traqueobronquial en paciente laringectomizado.

We report a case of aspiration of a foreign body in the left tracheobronchial tree occurring in a laryngectomy, operated one year previously. The accident presented by fracture of the inner tracheostomy cannula. The literature is reviewed in order to explain possible causes of tracheostomy tube components breakage and to suggest methods for preventing such complications.

[Incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer in La Rioja (Spain). Epidemiological aspects]. / Incidencia del cáncer de nasofaringe en La Rioja. Aspectos epidemiológicos.

A retrospective study was made of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma diagnosed at the Hospital San Millán of La Rioja (Spain), between August 1989 and August 1995. Epidemiological and clinical factors, and their relation to findings from other regional studies, were examined. Most patients had stage III and IV (1986 UICC/AJCC staging system) disease, which indicates that the diagnosis tended to be late. Primary care physicians should consider this disease in cases of nasal obstruction, nosebleed, or seromucous otitis in adults.

[Tonsillar microsurgery by bipolar dissection]. / Microcirugía amigdalar con disección bipolar.

The 66 amygdalectomies done by the AA. under general anesthesia and tracheal intubation are considered in two groups. The first one was composed by 32 patients operated following a dissection and coagulation procedure with the aid of a bipolar forceps and under microscopical magnification. The second group, 34 cases, underwent the classical procedure with ligature of the bleeding vessels. The usage of the bipolar forceps procure lesser loss of blood as compared with the dissection-ligature procedure. On the contrary, the bipolar clip method showed and increased postoperative pain and also the lagging of the swallow function. Both techniques presented with very similar complications (bleeding, edema, loca infection).

[Surgical treatment of locally advanced cancer of the tongue by total glosso-pharyngo-laryngectomy]. / Tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer de lengua, localmente avanzado, mediante glosofaringolaringectomía total.

Seven patients with advanced carcinoma of the tongue (T4) were treated with total glossectomy and laryngectomy, neck dissection (radical-functional or radical-traditional) and reconstruction with the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. The AA. comment the surgical technique, the pros and the cons of the indications, the justification, the objectives and the consequences.

[Internal ear dysfunction in systemic autoimmune diseases: study of sensorineural hearing loss probably originated by autoimmune disorders (preliminary study)]. / Disfunción del oído interno en enfermedades autoinmunes sistémicas: estudio de la hipoacusia neurosensorial de probable etiopatogenia autoinmune (estudio preliminar).

We analyse the inner ear disorders appearing in patients with autoimmune diseases. We have studied six patients with immunologic disorders and autoimmune sensorineural hearing loss, of a group of thirteen patients studied. The distribution was as follows: 1 systemic lupus erythematosus, 3 vasculitides (1 polyarteritis nodosa, 1 Churg-Strauss disease and 1 Behçet's syndrome), 1 relapsing polychondritis and 1 Vogt-Harada syndrome. The clinic aspects and immunological disorders are reviewed.

[Diagnostic and clinical evaluation of the stylohyoid apparatus totally or partially ossified]. / Valoración clínica y diagnóstica en el aparato estilohioideo total o parcialmente osificado.

By means of the presentation of several cases of Stylohyoid Complex partially or totally ossified, the authors emphasize in the necessity to have in mind this diagnosis in every patient with craniofacial pains, although it is in sometimes a casual radiological finding in a asymptomatic patient. The normal exploration of the tonsillar area and the reproduction of the symptoms are the more secure and faster diagnosis methods which are, ratified by radiological systems.

[Bacteriologic analysis of ear infection pathology and its therapeutic implications in our milieu]. / Análisis bacteriológico de la patología infecciosa otológica y sus implicaciones terapéuticas en nuestro medio.

This study reports the incidence of different bacteria in 75 cultures from 67 patients with the aim of selecting the drugs most likely to be effective when used prior to the antibiogram or when the antibiogram cannot be done.