Analysis of the Coping Strategies of Primary Health Care Professionals: Cross-Sectional Study in a Large Brazilian Municipality.

Objective: To analyze the coping strategies used by primary healthcare (PHC) professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study realized with professionals working in primary healthcare units in São José do Rio Preto, a large city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. For data collection, we used an instrument developed by the researchers containing sociodemographic and professional variables, as well as the Problem Coping Modes Scale (EMEP). Results: We evaluated 333 PHC professionals. A difference was observed between the scores of the four coping strategies (p < 0.001), with the highest score for the problem-focused strategy (3.8) and the lowest score for the emotion-focused strategy (2.4). Physicians had the lowest scores in coping strategies focused on religious practices/fantastical thinking (p < 0.001) and pursuit of social support (p = 0.045), while community health agents had the highest scores in these coping strategies. Conclusions: Professionals working in PHC have different coping strategies for the problems and stressful situations experienced in the work environment. These strategies can involve more positive attitudes focused on confrontation and problem solving, and on emotional responses that involve attitudes of avoidance and denial of the problem.

Coronavirus 2019 y personas en situación de calle en el estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil / Coronavirus 2019 and people living on the streets in Mato Grosso State, Brazil

Introducción: La expansión de Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) en nuevos territorios representa un gran desafío para la salud pública en el mundo, especialmente para países como Brasil, debido a sus amplias extensiones territoriales y desigualdades regionales. Objetivos: Describir, durante la pandemia, el brote de COVID-19 en una población sin hogar en el interior de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo sobre un brote de COVID-19 en el interior del estado de Mato Grosso. Los datos fueron recolectados de los registros documentales de la investigación epidemiológica municipal, en línea con el Sistema Único de Salud. Resultados: Del caso índice, una persona en situación de calle que fue trasladada al albergue municipal de Tangará da Serra/Mato Grosso, 47 personas infectadas por Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) fueron confirmadas por pruebas serológicas y/o moleculares: (i) en el albergue: 8 personas en situación de calle y 5 empleados; (ii) contacto con el hogar de los empleados: 3 miembros de la familia; (iii) en la unidad hospitalaria: 19 profesionales y 6 pacientes en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Conclusiones: La falta de protección individual fue un factor decisivo para la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en el caso índice y se extendió en el albergue por la participación de contactos en el hogar. Además de los profesionales en el entorno hospitalario, donde el brote se produjo debido a factores estructurales, la falta de equipos de protección personal adecuados y la falta de una cuidadosa adopción de la bioseguridad(AU)

Introduction: The expansion of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in new territories represents great challenge for public health in the world, especially for countries like Brazil, due to its wide territorial extensions and regional inequalities. Objectives: To describe, during the pandemic, the COVID-19 outbreak in homeless people in inner Mato Grosso, Brazil. Methods: A descriptive study on COVID-19 outbreak was carried out in inner Mato Grosso state. The data were collected from the documentary records of the municipal epidemiological investigation, in line with the Unified Health System. Results: From the index case, a person living on the street who was transferred to the municipal shelter in Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso. Forty seven (47) people got infected by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and they were confirmed by serological tests and / or molecular: (i) in the shelter: 8 homeless people and 5 employees; (ii) contact with the employees' home: 3 family members; (iii) in the hospital unit: 19 professionals and 6 patients in the intensive care unit. Conclusions: The lack of individual protection was a critical factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the index case and it spreads in the shelter due to the involvement of domestic contacts. In addition to professionals in the hospital environment, where the outbreak occurred due to structural factors, the lack of adequate personal protection equipment and the lack of careful adoption of biosecurity(AU)

Cardiovascular Risk in Women Deprived of Freedom from a Public Prison in Mato Grosso, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular diseases occur worldwide and have progressively affected the female sex, without distinction of life context; however, the prison environment may intensify the risk of developing them. AIM: To evaluate the cardiovascular risk in women deprived of freedom from a public prison in Mato Grosso, Brazil. METHODS: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional and analytical study performed with all incarcerated women from the prison institution in the second half of the years 2016, 2017 and 2018, through a structured questionnaire and statistical analysis through the RStudio. RESULTS: The results showed that, although participants presented low cardiovascular risk, the BMI values pointed to overweight in all the years analyzed, in addition to the waist-to-height ratio, conicity index, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio presenting similar means or that transcend the established cutoff point. There was an association between the anthropometric variables and age, conjugal status, education, alcoholism, systolic blood pressure, metabolic complications, sleep and a family history of non-communicable chronic diseases. The BMI variable showed association with all anthropometric variables related to cardiovascular risk, except to WHR. CONCLUSION: When considering the ambience factor, modifiable risk factors may negatively influence the long-term health of these women, particularly in relation to the cardiovascular system. The found scenario, in relation to the cardiovascular risk, points to the need for interventions, regarding the clinical condition and life-styles adopted by this population.