Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 76
Filtrar
1.
Braz. j. biol ; 84: e259582, 2024. tab, ilus, mapas
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1374675

RESUMO

Pheasants are declining everywhere in the world and therefore updated information about their population and habitats are important for conservation and management. The present study was conducted in the Palas Valley, District Kohistan, Pakistan in late spring (May and June) 2020 and early spring (March and April) 2021 to assess the population and anthropogenic stress. The major focus was on three sympatric pheasant species, including Western Horned Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus), Himalayan Monal (Lophophorus impejanus), and Koklass Pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha). We used the "Call Count Method" for the population assessment in the field, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to document the risk assessment of local residents of the valley. The population assessments revealed that the Koklass Pheasant is more adapted to increasing anthropogenic activities and its population appeared more or less similar as 22 years ago. In the past 22 years, Western Tragopan and Himalayan Monal have lost about 40-50% of their populations. Human interference in the form of illegal hunting, deforestation, and overgrazing was found to be common in the valley. The study concludes that the Palas Valley habitat is ideal for pheasant species; however, human interference in the form of urbanization, habitat fragmentation, illegal hunting, and deforestation is occurring at a rapid pace, causing havoc in the pheasant population.


Os faisões estão diminuindo em todo o mundo, por isso informações atualizadas sobre sua população e seus habitats são importantes para conservação e manejo. O presente estudo foi realizado no vale Palas, distrito de Kohistan, Paquistão, no final da primavera (maio e junho) de 2020 e início da primavera (março e abril) de 2021 para avaliar a população e o estresse antropogênico. O foco principal foram três espécies simpátricas de faisão, incluindo Tragopan de Chifres Ocidental (Tragopan melanocephalus), Monal-do-Himalaia (Lophophorus impejanus) e Faisão Koklass (Pucrasia macrolopha). Foi utilizado o "Método de Contagem de Chamadas" para avaliar a população em campo, e foi realizada uma pesquisa por questionário para documentar a avaliação de risco dos moradores locais do vale. As avaliações populacionais revelaram que o Faisão Koklass está mais adaptado às crescentes atividades antrópicas e que sua população se mantém mais ou menos semelhante à população de 22 anos atrás. Nos últimos 22 anos, Tragopan de Chifres Ocidental e Monal-do-Himalaia perderam cerca de 40 a 50% de suas populações. A interferência humana, sob a forma de caça ilegal, desmatamento e sobrepastoreio, era comum no vale. O estudo conclui que o habitat do vale Palas é ideal para espécies de faisão; no entanto, a interferência humana, por meio de urbanização, fragmentação de habitat, caça ilegal e desmatamento, está ocorrendo em ritmo acelerado, causando estragos na população de faisões.


Assuntos
Animais , População , Biodiversidade , Efeitos Antropogênicos , Paquistão
2.
Braz. J. Biol. ; 83: 1-7, 2023. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-765476

RESUMO

Biofloc technology is much highlighted these days because of its tremendous effects on aquaculture. Microbes were enriched on cheapest organic carbon source i. e., powdered banana peels and were incorporated in different aquaria rearing grass carp fingerlings under different C/N treatments (10:1, 15:1 and 20:1) and 10% water daily water exchange. The initial growth of fingerlings was recorded. The experiment was settled in triplicates for 60 days and run parallel to control group provided with commercial feed and daily water exchange. Its effect was evaluated by measuring the growth of fingerlings and water parameters of each aquarium. The average % gain in weight and length of fingerlings was obtained significantly highest (28.12 ± 0.30g and 17.29 ± 0.46cm respectively) in aquaria containing pure powdered banana peels with 10% water exchange and C/N ratio was adjusted at 20: 1 (T3) than other treatments and control. Ammonia and other water parameters were also under control in T3 than other experimental and control groups. By all counts, it was concluded that the highest C/N ratio in biofloc system had the potential to increment C. idella growth rate by reducing toxicity and could be used as fish meal substitute.(AU)


A tecnologia Biofloc é muito destacada hoje em dia por causa de seus tremendos efeitos na aquicultura. Os micróbios foram enriquecidos com a fonte de carbono orgânico mais barata, i. e., cascas de banana em pó, e foram incorporadas em diferentes aquários de criação de alevinos de carpa-capim sob diferentes tratamentos C/N (10: 1, 15: 1 e 20: 1) e 10% de troca diária de água. O crescimento inicial dos alevinos foi registrado. O experimento foi resolvido em triplicatas por 60 dias e executado paralelamente ao grupo controle fornecido com ração comercial e troca diária de água. Seu efeito foi avaliado medindo o crescimento dos alevinos e os parâmetros da água de cada aquário. O% de ganho médio em peso e comprimento dos alevinos foi obtido significativamente mais alto (28,12 ± 0,30g e 17,29 ± 0,46 cm respectivamente) em aquários contendo cascas de banana em pó puro com 10% de troca de água e a relação C/N foi ajustada em 20: 1 (T3) do que outros tratamentos e controle. A amônia e outros parâmetros da água também estavam sob controle no T3 mais do que nos outros grupos experimentais e de controle. Por todas as contagens, concluiu-se que a maior razão C/N no sistema de bioflocos tem o potencial de incrementar a taxa de crescimento de C. idella reduzindo a toxicidade e pode ser usada como substituto da farinha de peixe.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Carpas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Aquicultura/métodos
3.
Braz. j. biol ; 83: e248026, 2023. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1374638

RESUMO

Poultry industry is amongst highly developed industries of Pakistan, fulfilling the protein demand of rapidly increasing population. On the other hand, the untreated poultry waste is causing several health and environmental problems. The current study was designed to check the potential of keratinolytic fungal species for the conversion of chicken-feather waste into biofortified compost. For the purpose, three fungal species were isolated from soil samples. These strains were pure cultured and then characterized phenotypically and genotypically. BLAST searches of 18S rDNA nucleotide sequence of the fungal isolates revealed that the two fungal isolates belonged to genus Aspergillus and one belonged to genus Chrysosporium. Optimum temperature for Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Chrysosporium queenslandicum was 29, 26 and 25 oC, respectively. A. flavus showed maximum (53%) feather degradation, A. niger degraded feather waste up to 37%, while C. queenslandicum showed 21% keratinolytic activity on chicken feathers at their respective temperature optima. The degradation potential of these fungal species showed their ability to form compost that has agro-industrial importance.


A indústria avícola está entre as indústrias altamente desenvolvidas do Paquistão, atendendo a demanda de proteína da população em rápido crescimento. Por outro lado, os resíduos de aves não tratados estão causando diversos problemas de saúde e ambientais. O presente estudo foi desenhado para verificar o potencial de espécies de fungos queratinolíticos para a conversão de resíduos de penas de frango em composto biofortificado. Para tanto, três espécies de fungos foram isoladas de amostras de solo. Essas cepas foram cultivadas puramente e, em seguida, caracterizadas fenotipicamente e genotipicamente. As pesquisas do BLAST da sequência de nucleotídeos do rDNA 18S dos isolados de fungos revelaram que os dois isolados de fungos pertenciam ao gênero Aspergillus e um pertencia ao gênero Chrysosporium. A temperatura ótima para Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger e Chrysosporium queenslandicum foi de 29, 26 e 25 oC, respectivamente. A. flavus apresentou degradação máxima de penas (53%), A. niger degradou resíduos de penas em até 37%, enquanto C. queenslandicum apresentou 21% de atividade queratinolítica em penas de frango em suas respectivas temperaturas ótimas. O potencial de degradação dessas espécies de fungos mostrou sua capacidade de formar composto de importância agroindustrial.


Assuntos
Produtos Avícolas , Biodegradação Ambiental , Paquistão
4.
Ann Afr Med ; 21(4): 371-376, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36412337

RESUMO

Introduction: COVID 19 pandemic has given rise to several challenges to clinicians and one of the keys in this is to predict the set of patients who progress from mild disease to moderate and severe. Apart from the symptomatology and signs, there are several lab parameters varying from biochemical, hematological to radiological parameters which help us in stratifying the stage of disease and also in deciding on which set of patients need close and vigilant monitoring. This would help us in better stratification of disease and utilize the available infrastructure and resources in an optimum way for better management of the disease. Aim: To analyze the early warning efficiency of laboratory parameters individually or in combination in predicting the progress of disease in patients from mild to moderate/severe disease. Materials and Methods: This was taken up as a retrospective study with 100 cases and 100 controls. The demographic details, inflammatory markers, biochemical markers and hematological markers were analyzed. Test of significance was employed to compare categorical variables while student t-test was employed to test the difference in the mean value such as age between case and control (Mann-Whitney U-test in parameters not having normal distribution). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for these parameters using cases and controls and area under the curve (AUC) were estimated which was used as an indicator of sensitivity and specificity of the parameter in their early warning efficiency. The critical values for each of the parameters either individually or in combination was estimated as well. Results: Among the parameters C reactive protein (CRP), d-dimers and eosinopenia have the best early warning efficiency. The area under the ROCs curve for neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), CRP. Ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, Eosinopenia was 0.609, 0.947, 0.614, 0.554, 0.617 respectively at triage. However, a combination of eosinopenia with CRP (AUC-0.732) or NLR with CRP (AUC-0.728) have a good sensitivity and specificity in predicting the outcome regarding the progression of the disease. Conclusions: Among the parameters, CRP, d-dimers, Eosinopenia and NLR have the best early warning efficiency. However, a combination of Eosinopenia and CRP at triage should also serve as a red flag sign in patients apart from the well-known NLR and IL6 values.


Résumé Introduction: La pandémie covide 19 a relevé plusieurs défis aux cliniciens et l'une des clés dans ce domaine est de prédire l'ensemble des patients qui passent d'une maladie légère à modérée et sévère. Outre la symptomatologie et les signes, plusieurs paramètres de laboratoire variant des paramètres biochimiques, hématologiques à radiologiques qui nous aident à stratifier le stade de la maladie et également à décider quel ensemble de patients nécessite une surveillance étroite et vigilante. Cela nous aiderait à mieux stratification des maladies et à utiliser l'infrastructure et les ressources disponibles de manière optimale pour une meilleure prise en charge de la maladie. Objectif: Analyser l'efficacité d'alerte précoce des paramètres de laboratoire individuellement ou en combinaison pour prédire les progrès des maladies chez les patients d'une maladie légère à modérée / sévère. Matériaux et méthodes: Ceci a été considéré comme une étude rétrospective avec 100 cas et 100 contrôles. Les détails démographiques, les marqueurs inflammatoires, les marqueurs biochimiques et les marqueurs hématologiques ont été analysés. Le test de signification a été utilisé pour comparer les variables catégorielles tandis que le test T des étudiants a été utilisé pour tester la différence de valeur moyenne telle que l'âge entre le cas et le contrôle (test U Mann - Whitney dans les paramètres n'ayant pas de distribution normale). La courbe des caractéristiques de fonctionnement du récepteur (ROC) a été construite pour ces paramètres en utilisant les cas et les contrôles et la zone sous la courbe (AUC) ont été estimés qui ont été utilisés comme indicateur de sensibilité et de spécificité du paramètre dans leur efficacité d'alerte précoce. Les valeurs critiques pour chacun des paramètres individuellement ou en combinaison ont également été estimées. Résultats: Parmi les paramètres C Protein réactif (CRP), les D - dimères et l'éosinopénie ont la meilleure efficacité d'alerte précoce. La zone sous la courbe ROCS pour le rapport lymphocyte des neutrophiles (NLR), CRP. La ferritine, la lactate déshydrogénase, l'éosinopénie était de 0,609, 0,947, 0,614, 0,554, 0,617 respectivement au triage. Cependant, une combinaison d'éosinopénie avec CRP (AUC - 0,732) ou NLR avec CRP (AUC - 0,728) a une bonne sensibilité et spécificité pour prédire le résultat concernant la progression de la maladie. Conclusions: Parmi les paramètres, le CRP, les D - dimères, l'éosinopénie et le NLR ont la meilleure efficacité d'alerte précoce. Cependant, une combinaison d'éosinopénie et de CRP au triage devrait également servir de signe du drapeau rouge chez les patients en dehors des valeurs NLR et IL6 bien connues. Mots-clés: C Protéine réactive, efficacité d'alerte précoce, éosinopénie, progression de la maladie dans Covid ­ 19.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Linfócitos , Neutrófilos , Biomarcadores
5.
Cureus ; 14(8): e28206, 2022 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36158356

RESUMO

Background Novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (or coronavirus disease 2019; COVID-19) has caused a large number of infections across the globe. Numerous markers are being used to predict the severity of infection. This study was undertaken to assess the utility of platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as markers of severity and mortality among patients with COVID-19 infection. Methodology This is a retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care center in India from April 2021 to June 2021. Patients admitted with COVID-19 infection were included in the study. Based on the severity, patients were categorized into the mild and severe (moderate severity included) groups. Platelet count, MPV, PDW, and PLR done at admission were studied and correlated with the disease severity and mortality. Statistics The independent t-test was used to compare the variables. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was done to identify the cut-off value. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18 software (SPSS Inc. Released 2009. PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 18.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc). Results One hundred patients admitted with COVID-19 infection were studied. 51 patients had a mild and 49 had a severe infection. The mean PLR was 141.40 among patients with mild illness and 252.6 with severe infection (P<0.001). The mean PLR among survivors was 104.4 (SD-23.56) and among nonsurvivors was 302.78 (SD-34.5) (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to platelet count, MPV, and PDW. Conclusion PLR was found to be a reliable marker of severity and mortality among patients with COVID-19 illness.

6.
Pol J Vet Sci ; 25(2): 207-212, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35861963

RESUMO

Umbilical hernia is one of the most common problems in young calves. This problem occurs in dairy sector as well as in the local farmers. Present study was conducted to compare outcomes of four different techniques of herniorrhaphy. Twenty four young calves (n=24) were divided in 4 groups (A, B, C, and D) which underwent four different surgical techniques. Group A underwent vicryl plus suture material and pants-over-west technique, Group B underwent mesh application with Dexon suture material by using simple interrupted suture pattern, Group C underwent closed method with Nylon No. 3 suture material by using vertical mattress suture pattern and Group D underwent clamp application method with Silk No. 2 suture material by using simple interrupted suture pattern. The result showed that mesh application method was comparatively better with respect to feed intake, body weight gain and healing time. There was no reoccurrence with non-significant hematological changes (p≤0.05). It is concluded that mesh application method is safer than other three techniques and there are no systemic effects of this surgical intervention on calves' health.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos , Hérnia Umbilical , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/cirurgia , Hérnia Umbilical/cirurgia , Hérnia Umbilical/veterinária , Herniorrafia/métodos , Herniorrafia/veterinária , Técnicas de Sutura/veterinária , Suturas , Cicatrização
7.
Braz J Biol ; 84: e259582, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35588521

RESUMO

Pheasants are declining everywhere in the world and therefore updated information about their population and habitats are important for conservation and management. The present study was conducted in the Palas Valley, District Kohistan, Pakistan in late spring (May and June) 2020 and early spring (March and April) 2021 to assess the population and anthropogenic stress. The major focus was on three sympatric pheasant species, including Western Horned Tragopan (Tragopan melanocephalus), Himalayan Monal (Lophophorus impejanus), and Koklass Pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha). We used the "Call Count Method" for the population assessment in the field, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to document the risk assessment of local residents of the valley. The population assessments revealed that the Koklass Pheasant is more adapted to increasing anthropogenic activities and its population appeared more or less similar as 22 years ago. In the past 22 years, Western Tragopan and Himalayan Monal have lost about 40-50% of their populations. Human interference in the form of illegal hunting, deforestation, and overgrazing was found to be common in the valley. The study concludes that the Palas Valley habitat is ideal for pheasant species; however, human interference in the form of urbanization, habitat fragmentation, illegal hunting, and deforestation is occurring at a rapid pace, causing havoc in the pheasant population.


Assuntos
Meio Ambiente , Galliformes , Animais , Humanos , Paquistão , Medição de Risco
8.
Braz J Biol ; 83: e248026, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35544900

RESUMO

Poultry industry is amongst highly developed industries of Pakistan, fulfilling the protein demand of rapidly increasing population. On the other hand, the untreated poultry waste is causing several health and environmental problems. The current study was designed to check the potential of keratinolytic fungal species for the conversion of chicken-feather waste into biofortified compost. For the purpose, three fungal species were isolated from soil samples. These strains were pure cultured and then characterized phenotypically and genotypically. BLAST searches of 18S rDNA nucleotide sequence of the fungal isolates revealed that the two fungal isolates belonged to genus Aspergillus and one belonged to genus Chrysosporium. Optimum temperature for Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Chrysosporium queenslandicum was 29, 26 and 25 oC, respectively. A. flavus showed maximum (53%) feather degradation, A. niger degraded feather waste up to 37%, while C. queenslandicum showed 21% keratinolytic activity on chicken feathers at their respective temperature optima. The degradation potential of these fungal species showed their ability to form compost that has agro-industrial importance.


Assuntos
Compostagem , Plumas , Animais , Galinhas , Plumas/metabolismo , Plumas/microbiologia , Aves Domésticas , Temperatura
9.
Braz J Biol ; 83: e248878, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34468535

RESUMO

Biofloc technology is much highlighted these days because of its tremendous effects on aquaculture. Microbes were enriched on cheapest organic carbon source i. e., powdered banana peels and were incorporated in different aquaria rearing grass carp fingerlings under different C/N treatments (10:1, 15:1 and 20:1) and 10% water daily water exchange. The initial growth of fingerlings was recorded. The experiment was settled in triplicates for 60 days and run parallel to control group provided with commercial feed and daily water exchange. Its effect was evaluated by measuring the growth of fingerlings and water parameters of each aquarium. The average % gain in weight and length of fingerlings was obtained significantly highest (28.12 ± 0.30g and 17.29 ± 0.46cm respectively) in aquaria containing pure powdered banana peels with 10% water exchange and C/N ratio was adjusted at 20: 1 (T3) than other treatments and control. Ammonia and other water parameters were also under control in T3 than other experimental and control groups. By all counts, it was concluded that the highest C/N ratio in biofloc system had the potential to increment C. idella growth rate by reducing toxicity and could be used as fish meal substitute.


Assuntos
Aquicultura , Carpas , Amônia , Ração Animal/análise , Animais , Carbono
10.
R. bras. Ci. avíc. ; 23(4): eRBCA-2021-1523, 2021. tab
Artigo em Inglês | VETINDEX | ID: vti-765865

RESUMO

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of various levels of synbiotics on growth performance and intestinal morphology of fast-growing broilers during different phases. A total of 720, one-day-old straight run broilers (Ross 308) were randomly divided into 12 treatment groups according to a completely randomized design having three supplemented diets of synbiotics (a combination of probiotics and prebiotics) (0.5, 1, and 1.5%) reared at four phases [starter (1-11 days), grower (12-22 days), finisher (23-35 days), whole life (1-35 days)]. Every treatment was replicated six times with ten birds each. The parameters were evaluated in growth performance (feed intake, body weight, feed conversion ratio, and mortality) and intestinal morphology (Villus height, Crypt depth and Villus to Crypt ratio). Results of the present study revealed that growth performance, feed intake (p=0.0029), body weight (p=0.0001) and feed conversion ratio (p=0.0001) were improved with 1 percent synbiotics diet supplementation,while1.5 percent synbiotics level showed lower body weight. Crypt death (p=0.0529) has been marginally greater in the whole life. It can be inferred that a 1 % synbiotics supplemented diet has had a beneficial impact on growth and gut health throughout life.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Galinhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ração Animal , Simbióticos/análise
11.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(5): 1698-1704, Sept.-Oct. 2020. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1131578

RESUMO

The present study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence and hematological effects of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep and goat in district Dera Ghazi Khan. Blood samples (n=204) were collected comprise goats (n=101) and sheep (n=103) alongwith age, gender and breeds of animals. Samples were collected randomly from 25 flocks of 7 different union council Viz. Vehova, Tibbi Qaisrani, Lakhani, Kohar, Tuman Qaisrani, Nutkani and Kot Qaisrani of Tehsil Taunsa Sharif at least 4 animals from each flock. All ruminants divide into three groups based on age, breed and gender. The prevalence was detected through two different kits Viz. LAT and ELISA kit. The overall prevalence suspected in goats through LAT and ELISA kit was (35.64%), (32.67%) and in sheep was (25.24%), (23.30%) respectively. The Toxoplasma gondii had a significant effect on goats in age groups and non-significant all other groups of goats and sheep. Toxoplasma gondii had a significant effect on all hematological parameters like Hemoglobin, total leukocyte cells, granulocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, and red blood cells, except monocytes. In conclusion of the current study, toxoplasmosis is prevalent among ruminants, reveals the possibility of transmission to humans on the use of host animals as protein source.(AU)


O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a prevalência e efeitos hematológicos de Toxoplasma gondii em ovelhas e cabras no distrito Dera Ghazi Khan. Amostras de sangue (n=204) foram coletadas para incluir cabras (n=101) e ovelhas (n=103), além de idade, gênero e raça dos animais. Amostras foram coletadas aleatoriamente de 25 rebanhos de 7 conselhos sindicais: Vehova, Tibbi Qaisrani, Lakhani, Kohar, Tuman Qaisrani, Nutkani e Kot Qaisrani of Tehsil Taunsa Sharif com pelo menos 4 animais em cada rebanho. Todos os ruminantes foram divididos em três grupos baseados em idade, raça e gênero. A prevalência foi detectada usando dois kits, LAT e ELISA. A prevalência total suspeita em cabras através dos kits LAT e ELISA foi (35.64%), (32.67%) e em ovelhas foi (25.24%), (23.30%) respectivamente. O Toxoplasma gondii teve efeito significativo em cabras em grupos de idade e não significativo em todos os outros grupos de cabras e ovelhas. Toxoplasma gondii teve efeito significativo em todos os parâmetros hematológicos como hemoglobina, células totais de leucócitos, granulócitos, linfócitos, plaquetas e glóbulos vermelhos, exceto monócitos. O presente estudo conclui que toxoplasmose é prevalente entre ruminantes, e revela a possibilidade de transmissão para humanos com o uso de animais hospedeiros como fonte de proteína.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Toxoplasma/isolamento & purificação , Cabras/parasitologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Paquistão , Ruminantes/parasitologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Prevalência
12.
Clin Microbiol Infect ; 26(6): 784.e1-784.e5, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31972317

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Lomentospora prolificans is an emerging cause of serious invasive fungal infections. Optimal treatment of these infections is unknown, although voriconazole-containing treatment regimens are considered the treatment of choice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of combination antifungal therapy for L. prolificans infections. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of medical records of patients with invasive L. prolificans infection diagnosed between 1 January 2008 and 9 September 2019 that were documented in the FungiScope® registry of rare invasive fungal infections. We compared clinical outcomes between antifungal treatment strategies. RESULTS: Over the study period, 41 individuals with invasive L. prolificans infection from eight different countries were documented in the FungiScope® registry. Overall, 17/40 (43%) had treatment response/stable disease and 21/40 (53%) had a fatal outcome attributed to invasive fungal infection. Combination antifungal therapy was associated with increased 28-day survival (15/24 survived versus 4/16 receiving monotherapy; p 0.027) and the combination voriconazole plus terbinafine trended to be associated with higher rates of treatment success (10/16, 63%, 95% CI 35%-85%) compared with other antifungal treatment regimens (7/24, 29%, 95% CI 13%-51%, p 0.053). In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis there was a higher survival probability in individuals receiving the voriconazole/terbinafine combination compared with other antifungal regimens (median survival 150 days versus 17 days). CONCLUSIONS: While overall mortality was high, combination antifungal treatment, and in particular combination therapy with voriconazole plus terbinafine may be associated with improved treatment outcomes compared with other antifungal regimens for the treatment of invasive L. prolificans infections.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/tratamento farmacológico , Terbinafina/uso terapêutico , Voriconazol/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/sangue , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Scedosporium/efeitos dos fármacos , Resultado do Tratamento
13.
Appl Opt ; 56(18): 5274-5294, 2017 Jun 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29047582

RESUMO

The Cassini spacecraft orbiting Saturn carries the composite infrared spectrometer (CIRS) designed to study thermal emission from Saturn and its rings and moons. CIRS, a Fourier transform spectrometer, is an indispensable part of the payload providing unique measurements and important synergies with the other instruments. It takes full advantage of Cassini's 13-year-long mission and surpasses the capabilities of previous spectrometers on Voyager 1 and 2. The instrument, consisting of two interferometers sharing a telescope and a scan mechanism, covers over a factor of 100 in wavelength in the mid and far infrared. It is used to study temperature, composition, structure, and dynamics of the atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, and Titan, the rings of Saturn, and surfaces of the icy moons. CIRS has returned a large volume of scientific results, the culmination of over 30 years of instrument development, operation, data calibration, and analysis. As Cassini and CIRS reach the end of their mission in 2017, we expect that archived spectra will be used by scientists for many years to come.

16.
Eur J Dent Educ ; 21(1): 1-5, 2017 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26272511

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Assessing the impact of a training programme is important for quality assurance and further development. It also can helps with accountability and marketing purposes. This study evaluated the impact of King's College London (KCL) Master of Science programme in Dental Public Health in terms of graduates' perceived learned skills and professional development. METHODS: An online questionnaire was sent to individuals who completed successfully the KCL Master of Science programme in Dental Public Health and had a valid email address. Participants provided information on demographic characteristics, perceived learned skills (intellectual, practical and generic) and professional development (type of organisation, position in the organisation and functions performed at work before and after the programme). Learned skills' scores were compared by demographic factors in multiple linear regression models, and the distribution of responses on career development was compared using nonparametric tests for paired groups. RESULTS: Although all scores on learned skills were on the favourable side of the Likert scale, graduates reported higher scores for practical skills, followed by intellectual and generic skills. No differences in scores were found by sex, age, nationality or time since graduation. In terms of career development, there were significantly higher proportions of graduates working in higher education institutions and taking leadership/managerial roles in organisations as well as greater number and variety of functions at work after than before the programme. CONCLUSION: This online survey shows that the programme has had a positive impact on graduates in terms of perceived learned skills and professional development.


Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Educação de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia , Educação Profissional em Saúde Pública , Adulto , Avaliação Educacional , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários
17.
Iran J Vet Res ; 17(2): 78-83, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27822231

RESUMO

In this study, efficacy of two hernia mesh implants viz. conventional Prolene and a novel Prolene-Vicryl composite mesh was assessed for experimental ventral hernia repair in dogs. Twelve healthy mongrel dogs were selected and randomly divided into three groups, A, Band C (n=4). In all groups, an experimental laparotomy was performed; thereafter, the posterior rectus sheath and peritoneum were sutured together, while, a 5 × 5 cm defect was created in the rectus muscle belly and anterior rectus sheath. For sublay hernioplasty, the hernia mesh (Prolene: group A; Prolene-Vicryl composite mesh: group B), was implanted over the posterior rectus sheath. In group C (control), mesh was not implanted; instead the laparotomy incision was closed after a herniorrhaphy. Post-operative pain, mesh shrinkage and adhesion formation were assessed as short term complications. Post-operatively, pain at surgical site was significantly less (P<0.001) in group B (composite mesh); mesh shrinkage was also significantly less in group B (21.42%, P<0.05) than in group A (Prolene mesh shrinkage: 58.18%). Group B (composite mesh) also depicted less than 25% adhesions (Mean ± SE: 0.75 ± 0.50 scores, P≤0.013) when assessed on the basis of a Quantitative Modified Diamond scale; a Qualitative Adhesion Tenacity scale also depicted either no adhesions (n=2), or, only flimsy adhesions (n=2) in group B (composite mesh), in contrast to group A (Prolene), which manifested greater adhesion formation and presence of dense adhesions requiring blunt dissection. Conclusively, the Prolene-Vicryl composite mesh proved superior to the Prolene mesh regarding lesser mesh contraction, fewer adhesions and no short-term follow-up complications.

18.
Transpl Infect Dis ; 18(1): 120-4, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26671334

RESUMO

We present a report of extrapulmonary Mycobacterium bovis infection in a lung transplant recipient. M. bovis is acquired predominantly by zoonotic transmission, particularly from consumption of unpasteurized foods. We discuss epidemiologic exposure, especially as relates to the Mexico-US border, clinical characteristics, resistance profile, and treatment.


Assuntos
Bursite/diagnóstico por imagem , Transplante de Pulmão/efeitos adversos , Mycobacterium bovis/isolamento & purificação , Idoso , Bursite/microbiologia , Feminino , Quadril/diagnóstico por imagem , Quadril/microbiologia , Humanos , México , Transplantados
19.
Worlds Poult Sci J ; 71(4): 689-700, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26696690

RESUMO

The poultry sector is an important and vibrant segment of agriculture in Pakistan with a significant contribution to the national GDP (1.3%). Commercial poultry production in Pakistan started in the 1960's and has been providing a significant portion of daily proteins to the Pakistani population ever since. During its evolution the industry enjoyed promotional policies of the Government, but has faced several challenges such as disease outbreaks and retail price fluctuations. Despite its important role in the country's economy, not a single scientific study is available on its evolutionary history. The data available in this regard are scattered and lack reliability. This review is an effort to encompass the history of the overall growth of the poultry industry in Pakistan, its present status (2012 statistics) and future directions and challenges. This article may serve as the basic source of information on Pakistan's poultry industry achievements. It will also guide poultry experts and policy makers for developing strategic planning for further growth of the industry.

20.
Urology ; 86(3): 544-51, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26253041

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the minimum disease burden of prostate cancer at which multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) optimally performs. METHODS: Between 2006 and 2008, 64 men underwent multiparametric MRI imaging (index test) followed by template prostate mapping biopsy (reference test). Three radiologists independently reported each quadrant of every prostate on a scale of 1 to 5: highly likely benign, likely benign, equivocal, likely malignant, highly likely malignant (≥3 or ≥4 was considered positive). There were 256 prostate sectors; bootstrapping adjustment was used to account for nonindependence. The target condition indicating cancer on biopsies was varied by changing the maximum cancer core length (MCCL) and total cancer core length (TCCL) within each sector from 1 mm to 10 mm. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPVs) and negative predictive values (PPVs) were calculated for each MCCL and TCCL. Gleason ≤3+3 and Gleason ≥3+4 cancers were analyzed separately. RESULTS: Mean age was 62 years (range, 40-76 years), and mean prostate-specific antigen level was 8.2 µg/L (range, 2.1-43 µg/L). Fifty percent of quadrants (127 of 256) had prostate cancer, of which 65% (83 of 127) were Gleason ≤3+3. For Gleason ≤3+3, multiparametric MRI had an NPV of ≥95% at an MCCL of ≥5 mm and at a TCCL of ≥7 mm (MRI score ≥3). For Gleason ≥3+4, an NPV of ≥95% was seen at an MCCL of ≥5 mm (MRI score ≥3) and TCCL ≥6 mm. CONCLUSION: Multiparametric MRI may allow areas of the prostate which test negative to avoid biopsy. Whether multiparametric MRI can be used as a "triage" test before the first biopsy requires results from ongoing prospective validating cohort studies.


Assuntos
Endossonografia/métodos , Biópsia Guiada por Imagem/métodos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Imagem Multimodal/métodos , Gradação de Tumores/métodos , Próstata/patologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Próstata/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Próstata/classificação , Curva ROC , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA