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1.
Rev. Flum. Odontol. (Online) ; 2(67): 171-185, mai-ago.2025. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS, BBO - Odontologia | ID: biblio-1577002

RESUMO

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o dimorfismo sexual em uma coleção de mandíbulas portuguesas através de uma metodologia métrica digital, utilizando análise estatística descritiva, inferencial e multivariada para identificar quais parâmetros são mais dimórficos e quais são os melhores preditores de sexo. Trinta e três mandíbulas (14 mulheres e 19 homens) e pertences pessoais foram fotograficamente registrados com código e sexo. Os dados foram coletados por tomografia e as medidas foram feitas pelo software Simplant Pro. Foram registrados a largura máxima e mínima do ramo mandibular, altura condilar, altura do processo coronoide, altura da sínfise mandibular, ângulo mandibular, distâncias bimentual, biantegonial, bigonial e bicondilar e comprimento máximo mandibular. A análise estatística foi realizada utilizando IBM® SPSS. Os resultados mostraram diferenças estatisticamente significativas para os seguintes parâmetros: altura do processo coronoide, altura do côndilo, comprimento máximo da mandíbula e largura mínima do ramo mandibular. Na análise estatística multivariada foi possível identificar a altura do processo coronoide como melhor preditor de sexo com precisão em 72,2% dos casos. Isto permite uma diferenciação mais fácil entre mandíbulas femininas e masculinas com uma precisão de 64,3% e 78,9%, respectivamente. Foi possível concluir que a altura do processo coronoide é o parâmetro mais dimórfico e o melhor preditor de sexo na amostra.


This study aimed to assess sex dimorphism in a collection of Portuguese mandibles through a digital metric methodology by using descriptive, inferential, and multivariate statistical analysis to identify which parameters are the most dimorphic and which are the best sex predictors. Thirty-three mandibles (14 females and 19 males) and personal belongings were photographically registered with code and sex. Data was collected using tomography, and measurements were made using the Simplant Pro software. The maximum and minimum width of the mandibular ramus, condylar height, coronoid process height, mandibular symphysis height, mandibular angle, bi-mental, bi-antegonial, bi-gonial and bi-condylar distances, and maximal mandibular length were registered. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM® SPSS. The results showed statistically significant differences for the following parameters: coronoid process height, condyle height, the maximum length of the mandible, and the minimum width of the mandibular ramus. In the multivariate statistical analysis, it was possible to identify the coronoid process height as the best sex predictor accurately in 72.2% of cases. This allows for easier differentiation between female and male mandibles with an accuracy of 64.3% and 78.9%, respectively. It was possible to conclude that the coronoid process height is the most dimorphic parameter and the best sex predictor in the sample.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Caracteres Sexuais , Diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Mandíbula
2.
Braz J Pharm Sci, v. 60, e23746, ago. 2024
Artigo em Inglês | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: bud-5437

RESUMO

Brazilian Red Propolis is a resinous material produced by Apis mellifera bees through the collection of the exudates of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum, rich in flavonoids, and Symphonia globulifera and Clusia species, which are rich in polyprenylated benzophenones. More than 200 compounds, including flavonoids and polyprenylated benzophenones have been found in Brazilian red propolis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition and antiviral activity of an ethanolic extract of red propolis from Alagoas, Brazil, against Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1). In the HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS analysis were detected flavanones, isoflavones, chalcones, pterocarpans and polyprenylated benzophenones. The measurement of antiviral activity of red propolis extract was performed by DNA quantification through quantitative real-time PCR assay and negative staining Electron Microscopy. The pretreatment, post-treatment, and virucide assays using ethanolic extract of red propolis with concentration of 8, 12, 24, 48, or 96 µg/mL, indicated an inhibition of the viral binding and viral entry into cells as well as the replication of HSV-1. In the electron microscopy imaging was observed the disruption of the viral membrane in the HSV-1 treated with red propolis, when compared with HSV-1 that was treated with phosphate buffered saline alone, indicating that ethanolic extract from red propolis can act directly on the viral envelope, through lipid membrane degradation and/or directly blocking the enriched proteins on the viral surface.

3.
Estilos clín ; 28(1)2023.
Artigo em Português, Francês | LILACS, Index Psicologia - Periódicos | ID: biblio-1435345

RESUMO

Esta reflexão antropológica baseia-se em pesquisas realizadas com jovens de 13 a 25 anos de idade, que permanecem isolados no seu quarto. Sua imobilidade, que não se justifica por nenhuma deficiência física ou psicológica, questiona o lugar do corpo no momento da passagem para a vida adulta. Estes jovens expressam uma ausência de apetite do outro, que vai de mãos dadas com a abstinência sexual forçada pelo seu isolamento. A hipótese é que eles experimentam uma relação com seu corpo, sua identidade sexual -e sua sexualidade -assim como com a alimentação, comparável às adolescentes que sofrem de anorexia nervosa, mas ao contrário. Estes comportamentos questionam as relações de gênero e a distribuição de papéis dentro da família. Com base em entrevistas e observações, tanto em casa como nos centros de cuidados, este artigo mostra que estes corpos adolescentes, tornados invisíveis por confinamento ou magreza extrema, são paradoxalmente uma expressão ostensiva de despossessão de si. Um novo apetite é possível quando surge o desejo de diferenciação e permite-se novos encontros


Esta reflexión antropológica se basa en una investigación realizada con jóvenes, de 13 a 25 añosde edad, que están enclaustrados en su habitación. Su inmovilidad, que no se justifica por ningúna discapacidad física o psicológica, cuestiona el lugar del cuerpo en el momento del paso a la edad adulta. Estos jóvenes manifiestan una ausencia de apetito por los demás que va unida a la abstinencia sexual a la que les obliga su aislamiento. La hipótesis es que experimentan una relación con su cuerpo, su identidad sexual -y su sexualidad-así como con la comida, comparable a la de las adolescentes que sufren anorexia nerviosa, pero a la inversa. Estos comportamientos cuestionan las relaciones de género y el reparto de roles en la familia. Basándose en entrevistas y observaciones, tanto en el hogar como en los centros de atención, este artículo muestra que estos cuerpos adolescentes, invisibilizados por el confinamiento o la extrema delgadez, son paradójicamente una ostentosa expresión del desposeimieto de si. Un nuevo apetito es posible cuando surge el deseo de diferenciación y se permite nuevos encuentros


This anthropological reflection is based on research carried out with young boys, aged 13 to 25, who are cloistered in their room. Their immobility, which cannot be explained by any kind of physical or psychological disability, raises questions about the body's place at the time they are passing into adulthood. These young people express an absence of appetite for others that goes hand in hand with the sexual abstinence that their withdrawal forces them to have. The hypothesis is that they experience a relationship with their body, their sexual identity -and their sexuality -as well as with food, comparable to young girls suffering from anorexia nervosa but in reverse. These behaviours question gender relations and the distribution of roles within the family. Based on interviews and observations, both at home and in care facilities, this article shows that these adolescent bodies, made invisible by confinement or extreme thinness, are paradoxically an ostentatious expression of self-dispossession. A new appetite is possible when the desire for differentiation emerges and allows new encounters


Cette réflexion anthropologique s'appuie sur une recherche menée auprès de jeunes garçons, de 13 à 25 ans, cloîtrés dans leur chambre. Leur immobilité, que ne justifie aucun handicap physique ou psychique, interroge la place du corps au moment du passage à l'âge adulte. Ces jeunes expriment une absence d'appétit de l'autre qui va de pair avec l'abstinence sexuelle que leur retrait oblige. L'hypothèse émiseest qu'ils vivent un rapport au corps, à leur identité sexuelle -et à leur sexualité-ainsi qu'à l'alimentation, comparable aux jeunes filles souffrant d'anorexie mentale mais de manière inversée. Ces conduites interrogent les rapports de genre et la distribution des rôles au sein de la famille. À partir d'entretiens et d'observations, à domicile et dans des structures de soin, cet article montre que ces corps adolescents invisibilisés par l'enfermement ou l'extrême maigreur sont paradoxalement une expression ostentatoire d'une dépossession de soi. Un appétit nouveau est possible lorsque le désir de différenciation émerge et permet de nouvelles rencontres


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Isolamento Social/psicologia , Anorexia Nervosa/psicologia , Sexualidade , Sexismo , Identidade de Gênero , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Características da Família , Adolescente , Relações Familiares
5.
J Forensic Leg Med ; 82: 102230, 2021 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34385019

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Orofacial trauma can encompass, isolated or not, several anatomical regions, namely facial, dental and temporomandibular joint (TMJ), one of the most complex joints in the human body. Evidence-based knowledge in the field of TMJ trauma and in temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) diagnosis and treatment, provides the necessary data for medico-legal assessment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to bring up epidemiological data referring to TMJ injuries and sequelae, in order to present a medico-legal approach of TMJ disability. METHODS: An observational longitudinal exploratory study was performed in the database of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Portugal, between 2000 and 2017, regarding inclusion and exclusion criteria.Statistical significance was set as P<0.05, Fisher's exact test, Binomial test and Goodman and Kruskal's test were used. RESULTS: Post-traumatic orofacial reports (n = 2622) included 234 TMJ-injury and 149 TMJ-sequelae.Epidemiological data was presented regarding age,gender, professional status and etiology. There was a statistically significant association between TMJ injury and TMJ sequela, despite a weak relation (ƛ = 0.170). No statistically significant association was identified between TMJ-injury/TMJ-sequelae and the professional status, etiology. CONCLUSION: The TMJ sequela group is smaller than the TMJ-injury, reflecting that 2/3 of the injuries have been cured without a monetary compensation value and without Health costs. The association between TMJ injury and TMJ sequelae reinforces the necessity of preventive measures in TMJ trauma, namely in physical violence context and in medico-legal impairment.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/epidemiologia , Articulação Temporomandibular/lesões , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Portugal , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/etiologia , Adulto Jovem
6.
Dent Traumatol ; 36(6): 624-631, 2020 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32799374

RESUMO

BACKGROUND/AIM: Sociodemographic, cultural and environmental factors play significant roles in orofacial trauma. The main aim of the present work was to study the epidemiological data regarding temporomandibular trauma, in the orofacial trauma context. Secondly, follow-up data between injury and sequelae were assessed, in the medico-legal approach for this disability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional study, from 2000 to 2017, was performed, using the clinical reports of the National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences Institute of Portugal-Coimbra Central Branch. A descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS: The injury group, 8.9% of the analysed population (2622 reports), included a majority of men (60.7%) with a mean age of 33.9 years. They were mainly students or retired (38.9%) and reported physical violence as the main external cause (56.4%) and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) trauma occurred with dental and facial trauma (84.2%). The sequela group, 2.9% of the analysed population, included a majority of men (65.6%) with a mean age of 40.1 years, focusing on a professional active population. They reported physical violence as the main external cause (46.3%) and TMJ (13.2%), soft tissues and teeth (12.8%) sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Not all TMJ injuries corresponded to sequelae (63.4%). The sequela resulting from TMJ trauma encompass soft and hard tissues and TMJ sequelae, isolated or not. Physical violence was the primary external cause of TMJ injuries in both groups. Conversely, road accidents were the major external cause of isolated TMJ sequelae, highlighting the need to reinforce safety measures.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Faciais , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Articulação Temporomandibular , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/etiologia
8.
J Forensic Leg Med ; 68: 101861, 2019 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31493722

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The evaluation of medico-legal post-traumatic events has been increasing over the last decades. This study analysed the input of dental evaluation in orofacial damage assessment, highlighting the individual's biopsychosocial model, by a serial case study. It is aimed to analyse the physical as well as the psychological repercussions of traumatic events. It also aimed to relate the type of trauma impact with the individual's sequelae. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational and retrospective study was carried out of Portuguese medico-legal database. A serial case study was distinguished by the direction of the impact: frontal striking, lateral striking and clashing with a bidirectional (frontal-lateral). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: 7 cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria, as a pilot study. They have in common the involvement of the 2 lower thirds of the face, including the temporomandibular joint. The consolidation of the maxillary bone fractures does not always correspond to restituto ad integrum. CONCLUSION: The impact direction may guide clinical examination in detecting permanent impairment, emphasizing temporomandibular joint disorders, as well as their association with psychosocial repercussions. The medical-dental examination is differentiating and relevant to the accomplishment of the general objective of damage assessment.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Faciais/complicações , Traumatismos Dentários/complicações , Adolescente , Criança , Cicatriz/etiologia , Restauração Dentária Permanente , Traumatismos Faciais/psicologia , Traumatismos Faciais/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Má Oclusão/etiologia , Maxila/lesões , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/etiologia , Traumatismos Dentários/psicologia , Traumatismos Dentários/terapia , Perda de Dente/etiologia , Adulto Jovem
9.
Arch Dermatol Res ; 310(6): 523-528, 2018 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29728859

RESUMO

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic, mucocutaneous inflammatory disease of an unknown aetiology. The disease has been associated with certain viruses, and the factors such as DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns) and PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) may also contribute to the inflammatory response in LP. HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1 protein) is one of the major DAMPs that induces inflammation and could trigger LP disease. The present study was aimed to examine TLR4, RAGE and HMGB1 production in epidermis or dermis by immunohistochemistry and the respective expression of these targets in the skin lesions of patients with LP. Moreover, we measured HMGB1 serum levels by ELISA. The results showed similar profile of expression by HMGB1 and TLR4, which are decreased at epidermis and up-regulated at dermis of skin lesions of LP patients that was sustained by intense cellular infiltration. RAGE expression was also increased in dermis of LP. Although there is increased RAGE protein levels, a decreased RAGE transcript levels was detected. Similar HMGB1 serum levels were detected in the LP and control groups. This study demonstrates that HMGB1 and TLR4 could contribute to the inflammatory LP process in skin.


Assuntos
Proteína HMGB1/metabolismo , Líquen Plano/patologia , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Biópsia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Derme/patologia , Feminino , Proteína HMGB1/sangue , Humanos , Líquen Plano/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptor para Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada/metabolismo , Regulação para Cima , Adulto Jovem
10.
Arch Microbiol ; 200(6): 961-970, 2018 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29616305

RESUMO

Influenza viruses cause worldwide outbreaks and pandemics in humans and animals every year with considerable morbidity and mortality. The molecular diversity of secondary metabolites extracted from mollusks is a good alternative for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds with unique structures and diverse biological activities. Phyllocaulis boraceiensis is a hermaphroditic slug that exudes mucus, in which was detected hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids that exhibited potent antiviral activity against measles virus. The objective of this study was to evaluate this property against Influenza viruses. Cell viability and toxicity of the mucus were evaluated on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells by MTT assay. Antiviral activity from mucus against influenza viruses was carried out by determination of the virus infection dose and by immunofluorescence assays. The crude mucus and its fractions exhibited low cytotoxicity on MDCK cells. A significant inhibition of viral replication, reduced by the order of eight times, was observed in influenza-induced cytopathic effect. In immunofluorescence assay was observed a decrease of more than 80% of the viral load on infected MDCK cell treated with mucus and its fractions. The viral glycoproteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase located on the surface of the virus are crucial for the replications and infectivity of the influenza virus. Some authors demonstrated that lipids, such as, polyunsaturated fatty acids exhibited multiple roles in antiviral innate and adaptive responses, control of inflammation, and in the development of antiviral therapeutics. As corroborated by other studies, hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids interfered with the binding of influenza virus on host cell receptor and reduced viral titers. The results obtained indicated that polyunsaturated fatty acids from P. boraceiensis crude mucus and fractions 39 exerted antiviral activity against influenza virus.


Assuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/farmacologia , Gastrópodes/química , Muco/química , Orthomyxoviridae/efeitos dos fármacos , Replicação Viral/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antivirais/metabolismo , Cães , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/metabolismo , Gastrópodes/metabolismo , Humanos , Influenza Humana/virologia , Células Madin Darby de Rim Canino , Muco/metabolismo , Orthomyxoviridae/fisiologia
11.
Arch Virol ; 163(5): 1325-1330, 2018 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29392492

RESUMO

The aims of this study were to investigate the human bocavirus (HBoV) frequency and genotypes in hospitalized children <5 years presenting acute respiratory infections (ARI) within the São Paulo metropolitan area. Nasopharyngeal samples from 300 patients, previously screened for common respiratory viruses, were tested by qPCR for the NSP1 and NP-1 genes. The VP1/2 gene in positive samples was then amplified by PCR and sequenced. A total of 49 positive HBoV cases (16.3%; mean Ct value of 34.41) were detected with the mean age being 18.1 months (range 1 month to 5 years) and the median age being 1 year of age. Children aged between 0 and 12 months had higher detection rates of HBoV (69.4%; 34/49; mean Ct = 34.45) than children from other age groups (30.6%; 15/49; mean Ct = 34.34). No significant differences were observed between HBoV Ct levels and clinical illness. The occurrence was more frequently associated with fall (38.8%; 19/49) and spring (36.7%; 18/49). All 12 sequenced isolates were identified as HBoV-1, displaying minor genetic variation compared to the Swedish reference strains ST1 and ST2 (99.1-99.7% nt). The sole identification of HBoV-1 supports the hypothesis that this particular genotype is strongly related to ARI, and contributes to the role of this virus in the aetiology of respiratory diseases.


Assuntos
Bocavirus Humano/genética , Bocavirus Humano/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Parvoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/virologia , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Doença Aguda/epidemiologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA Viral/genética , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Feminino , Variação Genética , Genótipo , Bocavirus Humano/fisiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Nasofaringe/virologia , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Proteínas Virais/genética
12.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 113(1): 38-44, Jan. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-894888

RESUMO

BACKGROUND A number of Zika virus (ZIKV) sequences were obtained using Next-generation sequencing (NGS), a methodology widely applied in genetic diversity studies and virome discovery. However Sanger method is still a robust, affordable, rapid and specific tool to obtain valuable sequences. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a simple and robust Sanger sequencing protocol targeting ZIKV relevant genetic regions, as envelope protein and nonstructural protein 5 (NS5). In addition, phylogenetic analysis of the ZIKV strains obtained using the present protocol and their comparison with previously published NGS sequences were also carried out. METHODS Six Vero cells isolates from serum and one urine sample were available to develop the procedure. Primer sets were designed in order to conduct a nested RT-PCR and a Sanger sequencing protocols. Bayesian analysis was used to infer phylogenetic relationships. FINDINGS Seven complete ZIKV envelope protein (1,571 kb) and six partial NS5 (0,798 Kb) were obtained using the protocol, with no amplification of NS5 gene from urine sample. Two NS5 sequences presented ambiguities at positions 495 and 196. Nucleotide analysis of a Sanger sequence and consensus sequence of previously NGS study revealed 100% identity. ZIKV strains described here clustered within the Asian lineage. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The present study provided a simple and low-cost Sanger protocol to sequence relevant genes of the ZIKV genome. The identity of Sanger generated sequences with published consensus NGS support the use of Sanger method for ZIKV population studies. The regions evaluated were able to provide robust phylogenetic signals and may be used to conduct molecular epidemiological studies and monitor viral evolution.


Assuntos
RNA Viral/genética , Genoma Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Zika virus/genética , Filogenia , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala
13.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 113(1): 38-44, 2018 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29185594

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A number of Zika virus (ZIKV) sequences were obtained using Next-generation sequencing (NGS), a methodology widely applied in genetic diversity studies and virome discovery. However Sanger method is still a robust, affordable, rapid and specific tool to obtain valuable sequences. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop a simple and robust Sanger sequencing protocol targeting ZIKV relevant genetic regions, as envelope protein and nonstructural protein 5 (NS5). In addition, phylogenetic analysis of the ZIKV strains obtained using the present protocol and their comparison with previously published NGS sequences were also carried out. METHODS: Six Vero cells isolates from serum and one urine sample were available to develop the procedure. Primer sets were designed in order to conduct a nested RT-PCR and a Sanger sequencing protocols. Bayesian analysis was used to infer phylogenetic relationships. FINDINGS: Seven complete ZIKV envelope protein (1,571 kb) and six partial NS5 (0,798 Kb) were obtained using the protocol, with no amplification of NS5 gene from urine sample. Two NS5 sequences presented ambiguities at positions 495 and 196. Nucleotide analysis of a Sanger sequence and consensus sequence of previously NGS study revealed 100% identity. ZIKV strains described here clustered within the Asian lineage. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: The present study provided a simple and low-cost Sanger protocol to sequence relevant genes of the ZIKV genome. The identity of Sanger generated sequences with published consensus NGS support the use of Sanger method for ZIKV population studies. The regions evaluated were able to provide robust phylogenetic signals and may be used to conduct molecular epidemiological studies and monitor viral evolution.


Assuntos
Genoma Viral/genética , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , RNA Viral/genética , Proteínas não Estruturais Virais/genética , Zika virus/genética , Teorema de Bayes , Humanos , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa
14.
Vaccine ; 36(4): 479-483, 2018 01 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29249544

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Varicella vaccine was introduced into the Brazilian Immunization Program in October 2013, as a single-dose schedule administered at 15 months of age. Its effectiveness had not yet been assessed in the country. METHODS: A matched case-control study was carried out in São Paulo and Goiânia (Southeast and Midwest regions, respectively), Brazil. Suspected cases, were identified through a prospective surveillance established in the study sites. All cases had specimens from skin lesion collected for molecular laboratory testing. Cases were confirmed by either clinical or PCR of skin lesions and classified as mild, moderate, and severe disease. Two neighborhood controls were selected for each case. Cases and controls were aged 15-32 months and interviewed at home. Evidence of prior vaccination was obtained from vaccination cards. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used, and odds ratio and its respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated by comparing de odds of having received varicella vaccine among cases and controls. RESULTS: A total of 168 cases and 301 controls were enrolled. Moderate and severe illness, was found in 33.3% and 9.9% of the cases. Effectiveness of a single dose varicella vaccine was 86% (95%CI 72-92%) against disease of any severity and 93% (95%CI 82-97%) against moderate and severe disease. Out of 168 cases, 81.8% had positive PCR results for wild-type strains, and 22.0% were breakthrough varicella cases. Breakthrough cases were milder compared to non-breakthrough cases (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Effectiveness of single dose varicella vaccine in Brazil is comparable to that in other countries where breakthrough varicella cases have also been found to occur. The goal of the varicella vaccination program, along with disease burden and affordability should be taken into consideration when considering the adoption of a second dose of varicella vaccine into national immunization programs.


Assuntos
Vacina contra Varicela/imunologia , Varicela/epidemiologia , Varicela/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Varicela/diagnóstico , Vacina contra Varicela/administração & dosagem , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Programas de Imunização , Lactente , Masculino , Razão de Chances , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Vacinação , Adulto Jovem
15.
Arch Microbiol, v. 200, n. 6, p. 961-970, ago. 2018
Artigo em Inglês | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: bud-2497

RESUMO

Influenza viruses cause worldwide outbreaks and pandemics in humans and animals every year with considerable morbidity and mortality. The molecular diversity of secondary metabolites extracted from mollusks is a good alternative for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds with unique structures and diverse biological activities. Phyllocaulis boraceiensis is a hermaphroditic slug that exudes mucus, in which was detected hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids that exhibited potent antiviral activity against measles virus. The objective of this study was to evaluate this property against Influenza viruses. Cell viability and toxicity of the mucus were evaluated on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells by MTT assay. Antiviral activity from mucus against influenza viruses was carried out by determination of the virus infection dose and by immunofluorescence assays. The crude mucus and its fractions exhibited low cytotoxicity on MDCK cells. A significant inhibition of viral replication, reduced by the order of eight times, was observed in influenza-induced cytopathic effect. In immunofluorescence assay was observed a decrease of more than 80% of the viral load on infected MDCK cell treated with mucus and its fractions. The viral glycoproteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase located on the surface of the virus are crucial for the replications and infectivity of the influenza virus. Some authors demonstrated that lipids, such as, polyunsaturated fatty acids exhibited multiple roles in antiviral innate and adaptive responses, control of inflammation, and in the development of antiviral therapeutics. As corroborated by other studies, hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids interfered with the binding of influenza virus on host cell receptor and reduced viral titers. The results obtained indicated that polyunsaturated fatty acids from P. boraceiensis crude mucus and fractions 39 exerted antiviral activity against influenza virus.

16.
J Food Res, v. 7, n. 6, out. 2018
Artigo em Inglês | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: bud-4138

RESUMO

The search for functional foods, which possess bioactive substances, is a new trend for the obtention of alternative and more effective treatments of many diseases with fewer side effects. Geopropolis, elaborated by stingless bees, is a mixture of plant resin sources, wax and soil. In the geopropolis from Scaptotrigona affinis postica (Latreille, 1807), (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) was not observed the presence of soil. In a previous study, the extract of geopropolis provided by the beekeeper, from S. postica of Barra do Corda, Maranhão State, exhibited potent antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus. In this study, the propolis extract was prepared experimentally and characterized by RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiviral activity of an experimentally prepared geopropolis extract from S. postica against Rubella Virus infected Statens Serum Institute Rabbit Cornea (SIRC) cells. Rubella virus infection of susceptible women during the first trimester of pregnancy, often results in a combination of birth defects in newborns. There is not an effective treatment for rubella virus infection. Different protocols were carried out to evaluate, the antiviral effect of geopropolis extract on the viral replication of infectious RV. Cell viability and cell proliferation assays indicated that this geopropolis was not toxic to cultured SIRC cells. In the viral binding assay, antiviral assay, real-time PCR, and transmission electron microscopy, was observed that different concentrations of geopropolis (17, 34 and 68 µg/mL) was able to inhibit the binding of virions to the cell receptor and the production of infectious RV particles in post treated and pre treated infected SIRC cells. The antiviral activity could to be attributed to the high contents of the apigenin derivatives, vicenin-2 and schaftoside. As far as we know, this is the first report about the antiviral activity of geopropolis from Scaptotrigona postica against a Togaviridae virus.

17.
Arch. Microbiol. ; 200(6): p. 961-970, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: but-ib15242

RESUMO

Influenza viruses cause worldwide outbreaks and pandemics in humans and animals every year with considerable morbidity and mortality. The molecular diversity of secondary metabolites extracted from mollusks is a good alternative for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds with unique structures and diverse biological activities. Phyllocaulis boraceiensis is a hermaphroditic slug that exudes mucus, in which was detected hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids that exhibited potent antiviral activity against measles virus. The objective of this study was to evaluate this property against Influenza viruses. Cell viability and toxicity of the mucus were evaluated on Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells by MTT assay. Antiviral activity from mucus against influenza viruses was carried out by determination of the virus infection dose and by immunofluorescence assays. The crude mucus and its fractions exhibited low cytotoxicity on MDCK cells. A significant inhibition of viral replication, reduced by the order of eight times, was observed in influenza-induced cytopathic effect. In immunofluorescence assay was observed a decrease of more than 80% of the viral load on infected MDCK cell treated with mucus and its fractions. The viral glycoproteins hemagglutinin and neuraminidase located on the surface of the virus are crucial for the replications and infectivity of the influenza virus. Some authors demonstrated that lipids, such as, polyunsaturated fatty acids exhibited multiple roles in antiviral innate and adaptive responses, control of inflammation, and in the development of antiviral therapeutics. As corroborated by other studies, hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acids interfered with the binding of influenza virus on host cell receptor and reduced viral titers. The results obtained indicated that polyunsaturated fatty acids from P. boraceiensis crude mucus and fractions 39 exerted antiviral activity against influenza virus.

18.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 63(3): 224-228, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28489127

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION:: Virus surveillance strategies and genetic characterization of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) are important tools for regional and global control of viral outbreak. In São Paulo, Brazil, we performed a study of B19V by monitoring the spread of this virus, which is an infectious agent and could be mistakenly reported as a rash and other types of infection. METHOD:: Serum samples were subjected to enzyme immunoassay, real time polymerase chain reaction, and sequencing. RESULTS:: From the 462 patients with suspected cases of exanthematic infections, the results of the 164 serum samples were positive for B19V immunoglobulin M. Among these cases, there were 38 patients with erythema infections and B19-associated with other infections such as encephalitis, hydrops fetalis, chronic anemia, hematological malignancies. These samples were sequenced and identified as genotype 1. CONCLUSION:: This study showed patients with infections caused by B19V and sequencing genotype 1. Continuous monitoring is necessary to detect all known genotypes, and the emergence of new genotypes of these viruses for case management in public health control activities.


Assuntos
Eritema Infeccioso/virologia , Genótipo , Parvovirus B19 Humano/genética , Parvovirus B19 Humano/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Anemia/virologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA Viral/sangue , Eritema Infeccioso/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Hidropisia Fetal/virologia , Imunoensaio , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Adulto Jovem
19.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.);63(3): 224-228, Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-956436

RESUMO

Summary Introduction: Virus surveillance strategies and genetic characterization of human parvovirus B19 (B19V) are important tools for regional and global control of viral outbreak. In São Paulo, Brazil, we performed a study of B19V by monitoring the spread of this virus, which is an infectious agent and could be mistakenly reported as a rash and other types of infection. Method: Serum samples were subjected to enzyme immunoassay, real time polymerase chain reaction, and sequencing. Results: From the 462 patients with suspected cases of exanthematic infections, the results of the 164 serum samples were positive for B19V immunoglobulin M. Among these cases, there were 38 patients with erythema infections and B19-associated with other infections such as encephalitis, hydrops fetalis, chronic anemia, hematological malignancies. These samples were sequenced and identified as genotype 1. Conclusion: This study showed patients with infections caused by B19V and sequencing genotype 1. Continuous monitoring is necessary to detect all known genotypes, and the emergence of new genotypes of these viruses for case management in public health control activities.


Resumo Introdução: Estratégias de vigilância para o parvovírus humano B19 e caracterização genética são ferramentas importantes para o controle regional e global do surto viral. Em São Paulo, Brasil, foi realizado um estudo de parvovírus B19, monitorando a disseminação desse vírus, que é um agente infeccioso e poderia ser erroneamente relatado como uma erupção cutânea e outros tipos de infecções. Método: As amostras de soro foram submetidas ao ensaio imunoenzimático, PCR quantitativo em tempo real e sequenciamento. Resultados: Dos 462 pacientes com casos suspeitos de infecções exantemáticas, os resultados das 164 amostras de soro foram positivos para parvovírus B19 imunoglobulina M. Entre eles, 38 pacientes com eritema infeccioso apresentaram B19 associado com outras infecções, como encefalite, hidropisia fetal, anemia crônica, doenças hematológicas malignas. Essas amostras foram sequenciadas e identificadas como genótipo 1. Conclusão: Os pacientes foram infectados com parvovírus B19 e apresentaram genótipo 1. Monitoração contínua é necessária para detectar todos os genótipos conhecidos e o surgimento de novos genótipos para o controle de casos em saúde pública.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Parvovirus B19 Humano/isolamento & purificação , Parvovirus B19 Humano/genética , Eritema Infeccioso/virologia , Genótipo , Brasil , DNA Viral/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Imunoglobulina M/sangue , Imunoensaio , Hidropisia Fetal/virologia , Vigilância da População , Eritema Infeccioso/sangue , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Anemia/virologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue
20.
Guarda; s.n; 20161220. 125 p tab. 30 cm.
Tese em Português | BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-1381214

RESUMO

O controlo da dor é hoje, indissociável da prática de cuidados do enfermeiro não apenas como questão ética mas também como uma condição indispensável para a humanização dos cuidados. O enfermeiro desempenha um papel fundamental na gestão da dor pediátrica pela sua relação de proximidade perante a criança e família. Ele tem ao seu alcance estratégias não farmacológicas, que são intervenções autónomas do enfermeiro, e são um recurso importante para o alívio da dor. Com este estudo pretende-se analisar a utilização de estratégias não farmacológicas pelo enfermeiro ao cuidar da criança com dor, em contexto hospitalar. Faz-se um estudo descritivo, de natureza quantitativa recorrendo-se ao questionário. Optou-se por uma amostra nãoprobabilística de conveniência, constituída por 33 enfermeiros dos serviços de Pediatria, Unidade de Neonatologia e Urgência Pediátrica do Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os enfermeiros utilizam com frequência estratégias não farmacológicas no alívio da dor na criança. Utilizam frequentemente e sempre, a informação preparatória (48,5%), o toque terapêutico (36,4%), sucção não nutritiva (30,3%), a distração (30,3%), a massagem (36,4%), posicionamento (57,6%), a aplicação de calor ou frio (39,4%). A musicoterapia raramente é utilizada e o método canguru também é pouco utilizado. O posicionamento e a informação preparatória são as que se destacam quanto à sua utilização. São utilizadas sempre, estratégias não farmacológicas antes da realização de procedimentos dolorosos, na punção venosa (51,5%), terapêutica intramuscular (48,5%), realização de pensos e punção capilar (30,3%). Mas são raramente utilizadas na aspiração nasofaríngea e na entubação nasogástrica (42,4%) e na algaliação (36,4%). Em termos gerais, grande parte dos enfermeiros raramente tem dificuldades na utilização de estratégias não farmacológicas no controlo da dor na criança. No entanto, agrupando os casos em que os enfermeiros responderam regularmente, frequentemente e sempre, verifica-se que a maioria dos enfermeiros ainda tem dificuldades na utilização das estratégias não farmacológicas perante a recetividade por parte da criança e adolescente (54,6%) e na recetividade por parte dos pais ou substituto parental (51,5%). Os recursos materiais (54,5%) e a disponibilidade de tempo (57,6%) são também apontados como fatores que dificultam a utilização de estratégias não farmacológicas no controlo da dor. Considera-se importante o desenvolvimento de ações formativas para que haja maior conhecimento de todos os documentos que suportam a prática na área da dor, à medida que são produzidos, a sensibilização para pesquisas em plataformas científicas e o desenvolvimento de protocolos nos serviços.


Nowadays pain control is indivisible from the nursing care practice, not only as an ethical issue, but also as an indispensable condition to humanising care. A nurse has a fundamental role in managing paediatric pain because of his close relationship with the child and his family. There are non-pharmacological strategies available, which are the nurse's autonomous interventions, and those are an important resource to relieve pain. The aim of this study is to analyse the use of non-pharmacological strategies by nurses, in hospital environment. A descriptive study of a quantitative nature is done, using a questionnaire. A non-probabilistic sample was used, composed by 33 nurses of the Paediatric Department (internment), the Neonatology Unit and the Paediatrics Emergency from the Cova da Beira Hospital Centre. The results obtained, indicate that nurses frequently use non-pharmacological strategies in relieving children's pain. The following strategies are used frequently /always: preparatory information (48,5%), therapeutic touch (36,4%), non-nutritional sucking (30,3%), distraction (30, 3%), massage (36,4%), positioning (57,6%), applying heat or cold (39,4%). Music therapy is rarely used and the kangaroo method is also scarcely used. Positioning and preparatory information are the ones which stand out in their use. Non-pharmacological strategies are always used before the execution of painful procedures, such as venepuncture (51,5%), intramuscular therapeutic (48,5%), cleaning and dressing wounds and lancing (30,3%). However, they are rarely used in nasopharyngeal aspiration and nasogastric intubation (42,4%) and indwelling catheters (36,4%). In general, most of the nurses rarely have difficulties in using non-pharmacological strategies on pain control in children. However, grouping the cases in which nurses responded regularly, often and always, it is found that most nurses still have difficulties in the use of nonpharmacological strategies before the receptivity on the part of children and adolescents (54,6 %) and in receptivity on the part of parents or parental substitute (51,5%). Material resources (54,5 %) and time available (57,6 %) are also mentioned as factors that hinder the use of nonpharmacological strategies for managing pain. It is considered important the development of training actions to allow a major knowledge of all the documents that support nursing practice in the field of pain as they are being produced, the sensitization to online researches and the development of protocols in the departments


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Dor , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Modelos de Assistência à Saúde
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