Corynebacterium bovis infection after autologous fat grafting in breast augmentation: a case report.

In this report, we present a case study of a rare human bacterium, Corynebacterium bovis, which caused an infection in a patient who had undergone autologous fat-based breast augmentation using cryopreserved fat. This infection occurred during a secondary fat grafting procedure. To identify the bacteria causing the infection, we used high-throughput DNA sequencing technology since this bacterium is seldomly reported in human infections. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous imipenem. We also discuss potential factors that may have contributed to this unusual bacterial infection and propose that DNA sequencing can be a useful tool in cases where standard culture techniques fail to identify the causative agent. Additionally, we highlight the importance of further research on the cryopreservation of fat. In summary, this case highlights the possibility of rare bacterial infections occurring after fat grafting procedures and emphasizes the importance of identifying the causative agent through advanced techniques such as DNA sequencing. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of the risks associated with cryopreservation of fat and to identify ways to prevent these types of infections in the future.

Corynebacterium bovis e os padrões de contagem de células somáticas no Brasil / The corynebacterium bovis and the somatic cell counting standards in Brazil / El Corynebacterium bovis y los paradrones celulares somáticos en brasil

Foram estudadas 60 amostras de leite de glândulas mamárias bovinas naturalmente infectadas pelo Corynebacterium bovis em estado puro, exuberante e que apresentavam pelo menos uma glândula contralateral com cultivo microbiológico negativo, provenientes de cinco propriedades leiteiras localizadas no interior do estado de São Paulo. Essas foram cultivadas em ágar sangue ovino e em agar MacConkey e submetidas à contagem eletrônica de células somáticas. Obtiveram-se medianas de contagens de células somáticas (CCS), 262 x 10³ céls/mL e 806 x 10³ céls/mL de leite, para as amostras negativas e positivas ao Corynebacterium bovis respectivamente, sendo que, em alguns casos positivos, a CCS superou 10.000.000 céls/mL de leite. Os dados obtidos no presente estudo sugerem que o Corynebacterium bovis é responsável por alterações celulares significativas no leite, podendo acarretar prejuízos aos produtores e à indústria de laticínios, na medida que se observam os padrões celulares stabelecidos pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento em vigor desde setembro de 2002.

ABSTRACT: Sixty milk samples from bovine mammary glands naturally infected by Corynebacterium bovis in pure state, which presented at least one contralateral gland with negative microbiological culture from fi ve dairy farms in the State of Sao Paulo were studied. These samples were cultivated in MacConkey agar and submitted to an electronic Somatic Cell Counting (SCC). The medians of SCC results were 262 x 103 cells/mL and 806 x 103 cells/mL from negative and positive milk samples to C. bovis respectively. In some positive samples to the agent, it was observed SCC over 10.000.000 cells/mL of milk suggesting that C. bovis may be responsible for signifi cant cell alterations in the milk, which might cause serious economic damages to the producers and to the milk industry, according to the cell standards established by Agriculture Ministry, Brazilian law from September of 2002

RESUMEN: Fueron estudiadas sesenta muestras de leche de glándulas mamarias bovinas naturalmente infectadas por el Corynebacterium bovis en cultivo puro, provenientes de cinco haciendas lecheras localizadas en el interior del estado de São Paulo. Las muestras fueron cultivadas en agar sangre ovino y en agar MacConkey, y sometidas a cómputo electrónico de células somáticas. Se obtuvo medianas de los cómputos de células somáticas, 262 x 103 céls/mL y 806 x 103 céls/mL en la leche, para las muestras negativas y positivas al Corynebacterium bovis respectivamente, siendo que en algunos casos positivos, la CCS superó 10.000.000 céls/mL de leche. Los datos obtenidos en el presente estudio sugieren que el Corynebacterium bovis es responsable por alteraciones celulares signifi cativas en la leche, pudiendo acarrear perjuicios a los productores y a la manufactura de lácteos, en la medida que se observan los moldes celulares establecidos por el Ministerio de la Agricultura, Pecuaria y Abastecimiento en vigor desde setiembre de 2002