Impact of social desirability bias on the CoPsoQ-ISTAS 21 psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire.

BACKGROUND: Self-reported test is one of the main psychosocial risk assessment tools. However, this test it is susceptible to certain sources of error, including social desirability. Since psychosocial risks are emerging, there are not many studies on their assessment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work is to analyze the impact of social desirability on the short version of the CopSoq-ISTAS 21 assessment tool. METHOD: A total of 563 workers (45.10% women and 54.90% men) participated in this study. The short version of the CoPsoQ-Istas21 questionnaire with four Likert scale questions as markers, which correspond to the Eysenck Personality Lie Scale Questionnaire Revised (EPQ-r), were used. The sample was divided into two halves, and both a confirmatory analysis and an exploratory analysis were carried out to find out the factorial structure of the scale and, with it, apply the bias filtering method. RESULTS: The results indicate that 10% of the scale is biased due to social desirability, and that there are significant differences between the group with bias clean scores and the group with scores without bias control. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of social desirability on the scale are verified, so it is concluded that in a psychosocial risk assessment is not enough to apply a self-report test and interpret its results, being necessary to minimize the sources of error.

Effect of physical activity on homeostasis in professional basketball players according to gender differences / Efeito da atividade física sobre a homeostase dos jogadores profissionais de basquetebol, segundo as diferenças de gênero / Efecto de la actividad física en la homeostasis de los jugadores profesionales de baloncesto, según las diferencias de género

ABSTRACT Introduction One of the main problems of modern basketball physiology is maintaining high performance and improving its players' physical condition. Changes in the athlete's functional condition occur due to the transition of the physiological system from rest to stress, fatigue, and regeneration. Objective Clarify the effect of physical activity on homeostasis in athletes according to gender differences. Methods The methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, modeling, and logical analysis were applied. Results Positive and negative factors of the influence of physical activity on elementary homeostasis of professional basketball players depending on gender differences were assigned; also, the principles of selection of physical activity content and the methodological bases of application for use in training programs of professional basketball players were characterized. Conclusion The results of this study showed the need to control the elemental body homeostasis of basketball athletes and its changes in physical exertion conditions, considering personal characteristics and gender differences. Evidence level II; Therapeutic studies - outcomes research.

RESUMO Introdução Um dos principais problemas da fisiologia do basquetebol moderno é manter o alto desempenho e melhorar a condição física de seus jogadores. As alterações na condição funcional do atleta ocorrem como resultado da transição do sistema fisiológico do repouso ao estresse e fadiga, e à regeneração. Objetivo Elucidar o efeito da atividade física sobre a homeostase dos atletas, de acordo com as diferenças de gênero. Métodos Foram aplicados os métodos de análise e síntese, análise comparativa, modelagem e análise lógica. Resultados Foram atribuídos fatores positivos e negativos da influência da atividade física na homeostase elementar dos jogadores profissionais de basquetebol, dependendo das diferenças de gênero, também foram caracterizados os princípios de seleção do conteúdo da atividade física e as bases metodológicas da aplicação para utilização de programas de treinamento de jogadores profissionais de basquetebol. Conclusão Os resultados deste estudo mostraram a necessidade de controlar a homeostase elementar corporal dos atletas de basquetebol, suas alterações nas condições de esforço físico, considerando as características pessoais e diferenças de gênero. Evidência nível II; Estudos terapêuticos - pesquisa de resultados.

RESUMEN Introducción Uno de los principales problemas de la fisiología del baloncesto moderno es mantener el alto rendimiento y mejorar la condición física de sus jugadores. Los cambios en la condición funcional del deportista se producen como resultado de la transición del sistema fisiológico del reposo al estrés y la fatiga, y a la regeneración. Objetivo Dilucidar el efecto de la actividad física sobre la homeostasis en los deportistas, según las diferencias de género. Métodos Se aplicaron los métodos de análisis y síntesis, análisis comparativo, modelización y análisis lógico. Resultados Se asignaron los factores positivos y negativos de la influencia de la actividad física en la homeostasis elemental de los jugadores profesionales de baloncesto en función de las diferencias de género, también se caracterizaron los principios de selección del contenido de la actividad física y las bases metodológicas de aplicación para el uso de programas de entrenamiento para jugadores profesionales de baloncesto. Conclusión Los resultados de este estudio mostraron la necesidad de controlar la homeostasis corporal elemental de los deportistas de baloncesto, sus cambios en condiciones de esfuerzo físico, considerando las características personales y las diferencias de género. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados.

Satisfacción con la introducción del nuevo procedimiento de evaluación de riesgo biológico en laboratorios clínicos

Introducción: La evaluación de la satisfacción respecto al cambio introducido en el procedimiento de evaluación de riesgo biológico, aporta elementos para valorar su efectividad. Objetivo: Evaluar mediante la Técnica de Iadov el nivel de satisfacción como usuario del procedimiento de evaluación del riesgo biológico en laboratorios clínicos con enfoque en defensa en profundidad. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal desde julio a diciembre del año 2021. El universo estuvo constituido por los 82 laboratorios clínicos de atención primaria de salud de La Habana y se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística de tres laboratorios con un total de 37 trabajadores; a partir de los criterios de inclusión: ser trabajador del laboratorio y aceptar participar en la investigación, como criterios de exclusión: personal de otros centros en prestación de servicio y alumnos en formación. Se utilizó el método de investigación empíricos (encuesta) y como método estadístico se utilizó el análisis porcentual. El procesamiento de la información se realizó mediante la Técnica de Iadov. Resultados: La encuesta de satisfacción reveló que el 78,6 % de la muestra expresó una máxima satisfacción, el 24,3 % más satisfecho que insatisfecho. Las preguntas abiertas (dos y cuatro de la encuesta) identificaron como aspecto que más gustaron, el propósito e interés de mejorar la etapa evaluación y gestión de riesgo, las etapas sucesivas del procedimiento permiten obtener una información detallada del estado de la bioseguridad y entre los aspectos que no gustaron se describe el análisis matemático. El índice de satisfacción grupal obtenido fue de 0,87. Conclusiones: El índice de satisfacción grupal de trabajadores de los laboratorios clínicos donde se aplicó el procedimiento de evaluación de riesgo biológico fue alto, lo que refleja la aceptación de la propuesta y reconocimiento de su pertinencia en el proceso de evaluación del riesgo biológico.

Introduction: The evaluation of satisfaction regarding the change introduced in the biological risk assessment procedure provides elements to assess its effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate through the Ladov technique the level of satisfaction as a user of the biological risk assessment procedure in clinical laboratories with a focus on defense in depth. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the period from July to December 2021. The universe consisted of the 82 clinical laboratories of primary health care in Havana and a non-probabilistic sample of 3 laboratories with a total of 37 workers; based on the inclusion criteria: being a laboratory worker and agreeing to participate in the research, as exclusion criteria: personnel from other centers providing services and students in training. The empirical research method (survey) was used and the percentage analysis was used as a statistical method. The processing of the information was carried out using the V.A. Iadov. Results: The satisfaction survey revealed that 78.6% of the sample expressed maximum satisfaction, 24.3% more satisfied than dissatisfied. The open questions (2 and 4 of the survey) identified as the aspect that they liked the most, the purpose and interest of improving the risk assessment and management stage, the successive stages of the procedure that allow obtaining detailed information on the state of biosafety y and among the aspects that they did not like, the mathematical analysis is described. The group satisfaction index obtained was 0.87. Conclusions: The group satisfaction index of clinical laboratory workers where the biological risk assessment procedure was applied was high, reflecting acceptance of the proposal and recognition of its relevance in the biological risk assessment process.

A Summary Report of FSCJ Workshop "Future Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Methodologies for Improved Human Risk Assessments".

This is a summary report of FSCJ (Food Safety Commission of Japan) workshop entitled "Future Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Methodologies for Improved Human Risk Assessments, which held in November 2018. Scientific advancements have facilitated the development of new methods for chemical risk assessments with the expansion of toxicological databases. They are promising tools to overcome challenges, such as situations of data insufficiency, estimation of internal exposure and prediction of hazard, and enable us to improve our human health risk assessment in food safety. In this review, current understandings on developments in chemical risk assessments, especially focusing on Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) approach, non-testing and in-silico approaches (e.g. read-across), and physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) modeling are discussed as possible promising tools. It also discusses future challenges and opportunities regarding social environment buildings in which all stakeholders including scientific experts, risk managers and consumers are able to accept these new risk assessment technologies. International collaboration would increase and enhance the efficiency in forming innovative ideas and in translating them into regulatory practices. It would strengthen technical capacity of experts who contribute to regulatory decisions and also promote acceptance of new methodologies among stakeholders. Cross-sectional collaboration such as making good use of human data of pharmaceutical drugs will facilitate a development of fresh tools for food safety domains. Once a new methodology is recognized in risk assessment agencies as implementable, it needs to be acknowledged and accepted by wider range of different stakeholders. Such stakeholders include scientific experts who conduct risk assessment for the risk assessment agencies, food industries and consumers. Transparency in the risk assessment work performed by regulatory agencies should strengthen their credibility and promote the acceptance of risk assessment including the new methodologies used in it. At the same time, efforts should be continued by regulatory agencies to further communicate with consumers about the concept of risk-based assessment as well as the concept of uncertainty.