The Hamilton Receptor in Supramolecular Polymer Sciences.

Supramolecular polymers are polymeric materials of monomeric fragments, held jointly by reversible and directional non-covalent interactions such as multiple hydrogen-bonding, charge transfer effects, host-guest interactions, metal coordination, and aromatic stacking. This review article on the Hamilton-based supramolecular polymers aims to shed light on the molecular recognition achievements by the Hamilton-based polymeric systems, evaluate Hamilton receptor's future prospects, and capitalize its potential applications in supramolecular chemistry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first elaborative and sole manuscript in which polymeric Hamilton receptors are being exposed in detail. The first portion of this manuscript is related to the importance and urgency of polymers along with the historic background of Hamilton receptors. The middle section discloses the potential applications of Hamilton-type receptors in various fields, e.g., dendrimers, mechanically polymeric rotaxanes, and self-assemblies. The final section of the manuscript discloses the future aspects and the importance of novel polymer-based Hamilton-type receptors in the modern era. We believe that this first review in this emerging yet immature field will be useful to inspire scientists around the world to find the unseen future prospects, thereby boosting the field related to this valued artificial receptor in the province of supramolecular chemistry and also in other domains of scientific fields and technology, as well.

Liver-targeted delivery based on prodrug: passive and active approaches.

BACKGROUND: The liver, a central organ in human metabolism, is often the primary target for drugs. However, conditions such as viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) present substantial health challenges worldwide. Existing treatments, which suffer from the non-specific distribution of drugs, frequently fail to achieve desired efficacy and safety, risking unnecessary liver harm and systemic side effects. PURPOSE: The aim of this review is to synthesise the latest progress in the design of liver-targeted prodrugs, with a focus on passive and active targeting strategies, providing new insights into the development of liver-targeted therapeutic approaches. METHODS: This study conducted an extensive literature search through databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), systematically collecting and selecting recent research on liver-targeted prodrugs. The focus was on targeting mechanisms, including the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect, the unique microenvironment of liver cancer, and active targeting through specific transporters and receptors. RESULTS: Active targeting strategies achieve precise drug delivery by binding specific ligands to liver surface receptors. Passive targeting takes advantage of the EPR effect and tumour characteristics to enrich drugs in liver tumours. The review details successful cases of using small molecule ligands, peptides, antibodies and nanoparticles as drug carriers. CONCLUSION: Liver-targeted prodrug strategies show great potential in enhancing the efficacy of drug treatment and reducing side effects for liver diseases. Future research should balance the advantages and limitations of both targeting strategies, focusing on optimising drug design and targeting efficiency, especially for clinical application. In-depth research on liver-specific receptors and the development of innovative targeting molecules are crucial for advancing the field of liver-targeted prodrugs.

Coumarin-poly(2-oxazoline)s as synergetic and protein-undetected nanovectors for photodynamic therapy.

Because of the difficult challenges of nanopharmaceutics, the development of a variety of nanovectors is still highly desired. Photodynamic therapy, which uses a photosensitizer to locally produce reactive oxygen species to kill the undesired cells, is a typical example for which encapsulation has been shown to be beneficial. The present work describes the use of coumarin-functionalized polymeric nanovectors based on the self-assembly of amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline)s. Encapsulation of pheophorbide a, a known PDT photosensitizer, is shown to lead to an increased efficiency compared to the un-encapsulated version. Interestingly, the presence of coumarin both enhances the desired photocytotoxicity and enables the crosslinking of the vectors. Various nanovectors are examined, differing by their size, shape and hydrophilicity. Their behaviour in PDT protocols on HCT-116 cells monolayers is described, the influence of their crosslinking commented. Furthermore, the formation of a protein corona is assessed.

Nonintuitive Immunogenicity and Plasticity of Alpha-Synuclein Conformers: A Paradigm for Smart Delivery of Neuro-Immunotherapeutics.

Despite the extensive research successes and continuous developments in modern medicine in terms of diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, the lack of clinically useful disease-modifying drugs or immunotherapeutic agents that can successfully treat or prevent neurodegenerative diseases is an ongoing challenge. To date, only one of the 244 drugs in clinical trials for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases has been approved in the past decade, indicating a failure rate of 99.6%. In corollary, the approved monoclonal antibody did not demonstrate significant cognitive benefits. Thus, the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases is increasing rapidly. Therefore, there is an urgent need for creative approaches to identifying and testing biomarkers for better diagnosis, prevention, and disease-modifying strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Overexpression of the endogenous α-synuclein has been identified as the driving force for the formation of the pathogenic α-synuclein (α-Syn) conformers, resulting in neuroinflammation, hypersensitivity, endogenous homeostatic responses, oxidative dysfunction, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the conformational plasticity of α-Syn proffers that a certain level of α-Syn is essential for the survival of neurons. Thus, it exerts both neuroprotective and neurotoxic (regulatory) functions on neighboring neuronal cells. Furthermore, the aberrant metastable α-Syn conformers may be subtle and difficult to detect but may trigger cellular and molecular events including immune responses. It is well documented in literature that the misfolded α-Syn and its conformers that are released into the extracellular space from damaged or dead neurons trigger the innate and adaptive immune responses in PD. Thus, in this review, we discuss the nonintuitive plasticity and immunogenicity of the α-Syn conformers in the brain immune cells and their physiological and pathological consequences on the neuroimmune responses including neuroinflammation, homeostatic remodeling, and cell-specific interactions that promote neuroprotection in PD. We also critically reviewed the novel strategies for immunotherapeutic delivery interventions in PD pathogenesis including immunotherapeutic targets and potential nanoparticle-based smart drug delivery systems. It is envisioned that a greater understanding of the nonintuitive immunogenicity of aberrant α-Syn conformers in the brain's microenvironment would provide a platform for identifying valid therapeutic targets and developing smart brain delivery systems for clinically effective disease-modifying immunotherapeutics that can aid in the prevention and treatment of PD in the future.

Dynamic covalent surfactants and their uses in the development of smart materials.

Dynamic covalent chemistry, which leverages the dynamic nature of reversible covalent bonds controlled by the conditions of reaction equilibrium, has demonstrated great potential in diverse applications related to both the stability of covalent bonds and the possibility of exchanging building blocks, imparting to the systems the possibility of "error checking" and "proof-reading". By incorporating dynamic covalent bonds into surfactant molecular architectures, combinatorial libraries of surfactants with bespoke functionalities can be readily fabricated through a facile strategy, with minimum effort in organic synthesis. Consequently, a multidisciplinary field of research involving the creation and application of dynamic covalent surfactants has recently emerged, which has aroused great attention in surfactant and colloid science, supramolecular chemistry, self-assembly, smart materials, drug delivery, and nanotechnology. This review reports results in this field published over recent years, discusses the possibilities presented by dynamic covalent surfactants and their applications in developing smart self-assembled materials, and outlines some future perspectives.

Immunomodulatory Peptides for Tumor Treatment.

Peptides exhibit various biological activities, including biorecognition, cell targeting, and tumor penetration, and can stimulate immune cells to elicit immune responses for tumor immunotherapy. Peptide self-assemblies and peptide-functionalized nanocarriers can reduce the effect of various biological barriers and the degradation by peptidases, enhancing the efficiency of peptide delivery and improving antitumor immune responses. To date, the design and development of peptides with various functionalities have been extensively reviewed for enhanced chemotherapy; however, peptide-mediated tumor immunotherapy using peptides acting on different immune cells, to the knowledge, has not yet been summarized. Thus, this work provides a review of this emerging subject of research, focusing on immunomodulatory anticancer peptides. This review introduces the role of peptides in the immunomodulation of innate and adaptive immune cells, followed by a link between peptides in the innate and adaptive immune systems. The peptides are discussed in detail, following a classification according to their effects on different innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as immune checkpoints. Subsequently, two delivery strategies for peptides as drugs are presented: peptide self-assemblies and peptide-functionalized nanocarriers. The concluding remarks regarding the challenges and potential solutions of peptides for tumor immunotherapy are presented.

Berberine-based self-assembly agents with enhanced synergistic antitumor efficacy.

Tumors are still a major threat to people worldwide. Nanodrug delivery and targeting systems can significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs for antitumor purposes. However, many nanocarriers are likely to exhibit drawbacks such as a complex preparation process, limited drug-loading capacity, untargeted drug release, and toxicity associated with nanocarriers. Therefore, new therapeutic alternatives are urgently needed to develop antitumor drugs. Natural products with abundant scaffold diversity and structural complexity, which are derived from medicinal plants, are important sources of new antitumor drugs. Here, two carrier-free berberine (BBR)-based nanoparticles (NPs) were established to increase the synergistic efficacy of tumor treatment. BBR can interact with glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) and artesunate (ART) to self-assemble BBR-GA and BBR-ART NPs without any nanocarriers, respectively, the formation of which is dominated by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, BBR-GA NPs could lead to mitochondria-mediated cell apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial fission and dysfunction, while BBR-ART NPs induced ferroptosis in tumor cells. BBR-based NPs have been demonstrated to possess significant tumor targeting and enhanced antitumor properties compared with those of simple monomer mixes both in vitro and in vivo. These carrier-free self-assemblies based on natural products provide a strategy for synergistic drug delivery and thus offer broad prospects for developing enhanced antitumor drugs.

Polymorphic Self-Assembly with Procedural Flexibility for Monodisperse Quaternary Protein Structures of DegQ Enzymes.

As large molecular tertiary structures, some proteins can act as small robots that find, bind, and chaperone target protein clients, showing the potential to serve as smart building blocks in self-assembly fields. Instead of using such intrinsic functions, most self-assembly methodologies for proteins aim for de novo-designed structures with accurate geometric assemblies, which can limit procedural flexibility. Here, a strategy enabling polymorphic clustering of quaternary proteins, exhibiting simplicity and flexibility of self-assembling paths for proteins in forming monodisperse quaternary cage particles is presented. It is proposed that the enzyme protomer DegQ, previously solved at low resolution, may potentially be usable as a threefold symmetric building block, which can form polyhedral cages incorporated by the chaperone action of DegQ in the presence of protein clients. To obtain highly monodisperse cage particles, soft, and hence, less resistive client proteins, which can program the inherent chaperone activity of DegQ to efficient formations of polymorphic cages, depending on the size of clients are utilized. By reconstructing the atomic resolution cryogenic electron microscopy DegQ structures using obtained 12- and 24-meric clusters, the polymorphic clustering of DegQ enzymes is validated in terms of soft and rigid domains, which will provide effective routes for protein self-assemblies with procedural flexibility.

Carfilzomib-Loaded Ternary Polypeptide Nanoparticles Stabilized by Polycationic Complexation.

Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor showing great efficacy in multiple myeloma treatment, yet its clinical applications for other diseases such as solid cancers are limited due to low aqueous solubility and poor biostability. Ternary polypeptide nanoparticles (tPNPs) are drug carriers that we previously reported to overcome these pharmaceutical limitations by entrapping CFZ in the core of the nanoparticles and protecting the drugs from degradation in biological media. However, preclinical studies revealed that tPNPs would require further improvement in particle stability to suppress initial burst drug release and thus achieve prolonged inhibition of proteasome activity with CFZ against tumor cells in vivo. In this study, CFZ-loaded tPNPs are stabilized by polycations which have varying pKa values and thus differently modulate nanoparticle stability in response to solution pH. Through polyion complexation, the polycations appeared to stabilize the core of tPNPs entrapping CFZ-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes while allowing for uniform particle size before and after freeze drying. Interestingly, CFZ-loaded tPNPs (CFZ/tPNPs) showed pH-dependent drug release kinetics, which accelerated CFZ release as solution acidity increased (pH < 6) without compromising particle stability at the physiological condition (pH 7.4). In vitro cytotoxicity and proteasome activity assays confirmed that tPNPs stabilized with cationic polymers improved bioactivity of CFZ against CFZ-resistant cancer cells, which would be greatly beneficial in combination with pH-dependent drug release for treatment of solid cancers with drug resistance and tumor microenvironment acidosis by using CFZ and other proteasome inhibitors.

Anti-amyloid potential of some phytochemicals against Aß-peptide and α-synuclein, tau, prion, and Huntingtin protein.

Some molecules self-assemble to create complex structures through molecular self-assembly. Hydrogel preparation, tissue repair, and therapeutic drug delivery are a few applications of molecular self-assembly. However, the self-assembly of amino acids, peptides, and proteins forms amyloid fibrils, resulting in various disorders, most notably neurodegenerative ailments. Examples include the self-assembly of phenylalanine, which causes phenylketonuria; Aß, which causes Alzheimer's disease; the tau protein, which causes both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases; and α-synuclein, which causes Parkinson's illness. This review provides information related to phytochemicals of great significance that can prevent the formation of, or destabilize, amino acid, peptide, and protein self-assemblies.

Carrier-Free Binary Self-Assembled Nanomedicines Originated from Traditional Herb Medicine with Multifunction to Accelerate MRSA-Infected Wound Healing by Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammation and Promoting Angiogenesis.

Background: Deaths from bacterial infections have risen year by year. This trend is further aggravated as the overuse antibiotics and the bacterial resistance to all known antibacterial agents. Therefore, new therapeutic alternatives are urgently needed. Methods: Enlightenment the combination usage of traditional herb medicine, one carrier-free binary nanoparticles (GA-BBR NPs) was discovered, which was self-assembled from gallic acid and berberine through electrostatic interaction, π-π stacking and hydrophobic interaction; and it could be successfully prepared by a green, cost-effective and "one-pot" preparation process. Results: The nanoparticles exhibited strong antibacterial activity and biofilm removal ability against multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) by downregulating mRNA expression of rpsF, rplC, rplN, rplX, rpsC, rpmC and rpsH to block bacterial translation mechanisms in vitro and in vivo, and it had well anti-inflammatory activity and a promising role in promoting angiogenesis to accelerate the wound healing on MRSA-infected wounds model in vivo. Additionally, the nanoparticles displayed well biocompatibility without cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity, and tissue or organ toxicity. Conclusion: GA-BBR NPs originated from the drug combination has potential clinical transformation value, and this study provides a new idea for the design of carrier-free nanomedicine derived from natural herbals.

A dual-model immobilization-free photoelectrochemical/visual colorimetric bioanalysis based on microemulsion self-assemblies mediated multifunctional signal amplification strategy.

Herein, a novel silver ion-loaded gold microemulsion assemblies (Au/Ag+ MAs) mediated multifunctional signal amplification strategy was proposed to construct a sensitive immobilization-free photoelectrochemical (PEC)/colorimetric biosensor for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection. Through the sandwiched reaction among CEA, the CEA aptamer (DNA1) loaded on the Au nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanospheres and another CEA aptamer (DNA2) immobilized on Au/Ag+ MAs, a complex is formed and acquired by magnetic separation. Then, Au/Ag+ MAs of the complex are disassembled into Au NPs and Ag+ ions driven by an acetone response, and the obtained demulsification solution is transferred to the cadmium sulfide/cadmium telluride (CdS/CdTe) photoactive composites modified electrode. Based on the multiple inhibition functions (blocking effect of oleylamine; energy transfer effect of Au NPs; and electron snatching effect of Ag+), the photocurrent of the electrode decreases obviously, resulting in the ultrasensitive detection of CEA (a detection limit of 16 fg mL-1). Interestingly, the ion-exchange reactions between CdS/CdTe composites and Ag+ ions generate silver sulfide/silver telluride (Ag2S/Ag2Te) composites, and a color change of composites can be distinguished directly, leading to a quick visual detection of CEA. Compared with the traditional single-modal assay for CEA, such dual-modal PEC/colorimetric assay is a more accurate and reliable due to different mechanisms and independent signal conversion. This work will offer a new perspective for the applications of various self-assemblies in PEC bioanalysis.

Annealing effects on the magnetic and magnetotransport properties of iron oxide nanoparticles self-assemblies.

In magnetic tunnel junctions based on iron oxide nanoparticles the disorder and the oxidation state of the surface spin as well as the nanoparticles functionalization play a crucial role in the magnetotransport properties. In this work, we report a systematic study of the effects of vacuum annealing on the structural, magnetic and transport properties of self-assembled ∼10 nm Fe3O4nanoparticles. The high temperature treatment (from 573 to 873 K) decomposes the organic coating into amorphous carbon, reducing the electrical resistivity of the assemblies by 4 orders of magnitude. At the same time, the 3.Fe2+/(Fe3++Fe2+) ratio is reduced from 1.11 to 0.13 when the annealing temperature of the sample increases from 573 to 873 K, indicating an important surface oxidation. Although the 2 nm physical gap remains unchanged with the thermal treatment, a monotonous decrease of tunnel barrier width was obtained from the electron transport measurements when the annealing temperature increases, indicating an increment in the number of defects and hot-spots in the gap between the nanoparticles. This is reflected in the reduction of the spin dependent tunneling, which reduces the interparticle magnetoresistance. This work shows new insights about influence of the nanoparticle interfacial composition, as well their the spatial arrangement, on the tunnel transport of self-assemblies, and evidence the importance of optimizing the nanostructure fabrication for increasing the tunneling current without degrading the spin polarized current.

Host-Guest Interaction-Based Supramolecular Self-Assemblies for H2O2 Upregulation Augmented Chemiluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer-Induced Cancer Therapy.

Given that light is hard to reach deep tumor tissue, how to enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy is a big challenge. Herein, we proposed the supramolecular polymer self-assemblies (HACP) with bis[2,4,5-trichloro-6 (pentyloxycar-bonyl) phenyl] oxalate as the cargos (HACP@CPPO) to realize the chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET)-induced generation of 1O2 in situ. HACP was prepared by cinnamaldehyde-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-CA) and ß-cyclodextrin-modified protoporphyrin IX (ß-CD-PPIX) via host-guest interactions. The CA moiety could elevate H2O2 levels for the enhanced production of chemical energy and macrocyclic CD could enhance the stacking distance of PPIX for enhanced 1O2 yield. Thus, HACP@CPPO exhibited excellent antitumor performance without light irradiation.

Recent Advances in Functional Nanomaterials for Diagnostic and Sensing Using Self-Assembled Monolayers.

Functional nanomaterials have attracted attention by producing different structures in any field. These materials have several potential applications, including medicine, electronics, and energy, which provide many unique properties. These nanostructures can be synthesized using various methods, including self-assembly, which can be used for the same applications. This unique nanomaterial is increasingly being used for biological detection due to its unique optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, which provide sensitive and specific sensors for detecting biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins. This review highlights recent advances in the field and discusses the fabrication and characterization of the corresponding materials, which can be further applied in optical, magnetic, electronic, and sensor fields.

PEGylated pH-responsive peptide-mRNA nano self-assemblies enhance the pulmonary delivery efficiency and safety of aerosolized mRNA.

Inhalable messenger RNA (mRNA) has demonstrated great potential in therapy and vaccine development to confront various lung diseases. However, few gene vectors could overcome the airway mucus and intracellular barriers for successful pulmonary mRNA delivery. Apart from the low pulmonary gene delivery efficiency, nonnegligible toxicity is another common problem that impedes the clinical application of many non-viral vectors. PEGylated cationic peptide-based mRNA delivery vector is a prospective approach to enhance the pulmonary delivery efficacy and safety of aerosolized mRNA by oral inhalation administration. In this study, different lengths of hydrophilic PEG chains were covalently linked to an amphiphilic, water-soluble pH-responsive peptide, and the peptide/mRNA nano self-assemblies were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in vitro mRNA binding and release, cellular uptake, transfection, and cytotoxicity were studied, and finally, a proper PEGylated peptide with enhanced pulmonary mRNA delivery efficiency and improved safety in mice was identified. These results showed that a proper N-terminus PEGylation strategy using 12-monomer linear monodisperse PEG could significantly improve the mRNA transfection efficiency and biocompatibility of the non-PEGylated cationic peptide carrier, while a longer PEG chain modification adversely decreased the cellular uptake and transfection on A549 and HepG2 cells, emphasizing the importance of a proper PEG chain length selection. Moreover, the optimized PEGylated peptide showed a significantly enhanced mRNA pulmonary delivery efficiency and ameliorated safety profiles over the non-PEGylated peptide and LipofectamineTM 2000 in mice. Our results reveal that the PEGylated peptide could be a promising mRNA delivery vector candidate for inhaled mRNA vaccines and therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of different respiratory diseases in the future.

Peptide Amphiphilic Supramolecular Nanogels: Competent Host for Notably Efficient Lipase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Water-Insoluble Substrates.

The present work depicts the development of stable nanogels in an aqueous medium that were exploited for efficient surface-active lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of water-insoluble substrates. Surfactant-coated gel nanoparticles (neutral NG1, anionic NG2, and cationic NG3) were prepared from peptide amphiphilic hydrogelator (G1, G2, and G3, respectively) at different hydrophilic and lipophilic balance (HLB). Chromobacterium viscosum (CV) lipase activity towards hydrolysis of water-insoluble substrates (p-nitrophyenyl-n-alkanoates (C4-C10)) in the presence of nanogels got remarkably improved by ~1.7-8.0 fold in comparison to that in aqueous buffer and other self-aggregates. An increase in hydrophobicity of the substrate led to a notable improvement in lipase activity in the hydrophilic domain (HLB>8.0) of nanogels. The micro-heterogeneous interface of small-sized (10-65 nm) nanogel was found to be an appropriate scaffold for immobilizing surface-active lipase to exhibit superior catalytic efficiency. Concurrently, the flexible conformation of lipase immobilized in nanogels was reflected in its secondary structure having the highest α-helix content from the circular dichroism spectra.

Exploration of molecular machines in supramolecular soft robotic systems.

Soft robotic system, a new era of material science, is rapidly developing with advanced processing technology in soft matters, featured with biomimetic nature. An important bottom-up approach is through the implementation of molecular machines into polymeric materials, however, the synchronized molecular motions, acumination of strain across multiple length-scales, and amplification into macroscopic actuations remained highly challenging. This review presents the significances, key design strategies, and outlook of the hierarchical supramolecular systems of molecular machines to develop novel types of supramolecular-based soft robotic systems.

Hyaluronan nanoplatelets exert an intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity in a rat model of bladder painful syndrome/interstitial cystitis.

Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) replenishment therapy consists of the instillation of GAG solutions directly in the bladder to alleviate Bladder Painful Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis (BPS/IC). However, several issues were reported with this strategy because the GAG solutions are rapidly eliminated from the bladder by spontaneous voiding, and GAG have low bioadhesive behaviors. Herein, GAG nanomaterials with typical flattened morphology were obtained by a self-assembly process. The formation mechanism of those nanomaterials, denoted as nanoplatelets, involves the interaction of α-cyclodextrin cavity and alkyl chains covalently grafted on the GAG. Three GAG were used in this investigation, hyaluronan (HA), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and heparin (HEP). HA NP showed the best anti-inflammatory activity in an LPS-induced in vitro inflammation model of macrophages. They also exhibited the best therapeutic efficacy in a BPS/IC rat inflammation model. Histological examinations of the bladders revealed that HA NP significantly reduced bladder inflammation and regenerated the bladder mucosa. This investigation could open new perspectives to alleviate BPS/IC through GAG replenishment therapy.

Noble Metal Nanoparticle-Loaded Porphyrin Hexagonal Submicrowires Composites (M-HW): Photocatalytic Synthesis and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) photocatalysts have attracted considerable attention because of their strong absorption capacity of visible light and enhanced photogenic carrier separation efficiency. However, the separate production of metal nanoparticles (NPs) and semiconductors limits the photogenic charge transfer. As one of the most promising organic photocatalysts, porphyrin self-assemblies with a long-range ordered structure-enhance electron transfer. In this study, plasmonic noble metal-based porphyrin hexagonal submicrowires composites (M-HW) loaded with platinum (Pt), silver (Ag), gold (Au), and palladium (Pd) NPs were synthesized through a simple in situ photocatalytic method. Homogeneous and uniformly distributed metal particles on the M-HW composites enhanced the catalytic or chemical properties of the organic functional nanostructures. Under the same loading of metal NPs, the methyl orange photocatalytic degradation efficiency of Ag-HW [kAg-HW (0.043 min-1)] composite was three times higher than that of HW, followed by Pt-HW [kPt-HW (0.0417 min-1)], Au-HW [kAu-HW (0.0312 min-1)], and Pd-HW [kPd-HW (0.0198 min-1)]. However, the rhodamine B (RhB) and eosin B photocatalytic degradations of Pt-HW were 4 times and 2.6 times those of HW, respectively. Finally, the SPR-induced electron injection, trapping, and recombination processes of the M-HW system were investigated. These results showed that M-HW plasmonic photocatalysts exhibited excellent photocatalytic performances, making them promising materials for photodegrading organic pollutants.