In vitro digestion and fermentation characteristics of soluble dietary fiber from adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Staft) bran modified by steam explosion.

Adlay bran is known for its nutrient-rich profile and multifunctional properties, and steam explosion (SE) is an emerging physical modification technique. However, the specific effects of SE on the activity composition and antioxidant capacity of adlay bran soluble dietary fiber (SDF) during in vitro digestion, as well as its influence on gut microbiota during in vitro fermentation, remain inadequately understood. This paper reports the in vitro digestion and fermentation characteristics of soluble dietary fiber from adlay bran modified by SE (SE-SDF). Compared with the untreated samples (0-SDF), most of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased in the SE-SDF digests. Additionally, SE was beneficial for adlay bran SDF to increase the content of acetic acid, propionic acid and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in fermentation broth during in vitro fermentation. SE-SDF could promote the growth of beneficial bacteria while inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic microbes. Our research indicates that SE-SDF shows strong antioxidant properties after in vitro digestion and plays a pivotal role in regulating gut microbiota during in vitro fermentation, ultimately enhancing human intestinal health.

Prunus persica (L.) Batsch blossom soluble dietary fiber synergia polyphenol improving loperamide-induced constipation in mice via regulating stem cell factor/C-kit, NF-κB signaling pathway and gut microbiota.

This study aimed to investigate the ameliorating effects of peach blossom soluble dietary fiber (PBSDF) and polyphenol (PBP) combinations on loperamide (Lop)-induced constipation in mice, together with the possible mechanism of action. The results demonstrated that the combined use of PBSDF and PBP could synergistically accelerate the gastrointestinal transit rate and gastric emptying rate, shorten first red fecal defecation time, accelerate the frequency of defecation, regulate the abnormal secretion of gastrointestinal neurotransmitters and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and down-regulate the expressions of AQP3 and AQP8. Western blotting and RT-qPCR analysis confirmed that PBSDF + PBP up-regulated the protein and mRNA expressions of SCF and C-kit in SCF/C-kit signaling pathway, and down-regulated pro-inflammatory mediator expressions in NF-κB signaling pathway. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that the diversity of gut microbiota and the relative abundance of specific strains, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, and Turicibacter, rehabilitated after PBSDF + PBP intervention. These findings suggested that the combination of a certain dose of PBSDF and PBP had a synergistic effect on attenuating Lop-induced constipation, and the synergistic mechanism in improving constipation might associated with the regulating NF-κB and SCF/C-kit signaling pathway, and modulating the specific gut strains on constipation-related systemic types. The present study provided a novel strategy via dietary fiber and polyphenol interactions for the treatment of constipation.

A sequential approach of alkali enzymatic extraction of dietary fiber from rice bran: Effects on structural, thermal, crystalline properties, and food application.

Rice bran is abundant in dietary fiber and is often referred to as the seventh nutrient, recognized for its numerous health benefits. The objective of the current study is to investigate the extraction of both soluble and insoluble dietary fiber from defatted rice bran (DRB) using an alkali-enzymatic treatment through response surface methodology. The independent variables like substrate percentage (5-30 %), enzyme concentration (1-50 µL/g), and treatment time (2-12 h) and dependent variables were the yield of soluble and insoluble DF. The highest extraction yield was observed with alkali enzyme concentration (50 µL/g) treatment, resulting in 2 % SDF and 59.5 % IDF at 24 h of extraction. The results indicate that cellulase-AC enzyme aids in the hydrolysis of higher polysaccharides, leading to structural alterations in DRB and an increase in DF yield. Furthermore, the disruption of intra-molecular hydrogen bonding between oligosaccharides and the starch matrix helps to increase in DF yield, was also confirmed through FTIR and SEM. The extracted DF soluble and insoluble was then used to develop rice porridge. Sensory evaluation using fuzzy logic analysis reported the highest scores for samples containing 0.5 % insoluble DF and 1.25 % soluble DF.

Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction of soluble dietary Fiber from Hericium erinaceus and its in vitro lipid-lowering effect.

Dietary fiber (DF) is an important active polysaccharide in Hericium erinaceus. Obesity can lead to a wide range of diseases. In this work, we investigated the in vitro lipid-lowering effect of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from H. erinaceus, aiming to provide a basis for the subsequent development of lipid-lowering products. Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) of SDF from H. erinaceus was performed. The optimal extraction parameters determined via single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) were as follows: Lywallzyme concentration, 1.0%; complex protease concentration, 1.2%; ultrasonication time, 35 min; and ultrasonication power, 150 W. In vitro lipid-lowering experiments revealed that the adsorption amount of cholesterol micelles by H. erinaceus SDF was 11.91 mg/g. The binding amount and binding rate of sodium taurocholate were 3.73 mg/g and 42.47%, respectively, and those of sodium glycocholate were 3.43 mg/g and 39.12%, respectively. The pancreatic lipase inhibition rate reached 52.11%, and the type of inhibition was competitive. Therefore, H. erinaceus SDF has good in vitro lipid-lowering ability.

Optimization of Enzymolysis Modification Conditions of Dietary Fiber from Bayberry Pomace and Its Structural Characteristics and Physicochemical and Functional Properties.

Bayberry pomace, a nutrient-rich material abundant in dietary fiber (DF), has historically been underutilized due to a lack of thorough research. This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical and functional properties of the DF. Ultrasonic enzymatic treatment was performed to extract the total DF, which was then optimized to produce modified soluble dietary fiber (MSDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (MIDF). The optimized conditions yielded 15.14% of MSDF with a water-holding capacity (WHC) of 54.13 g/g. The DFs were evaluated for their structural, physicochemical, and functional properties. The MSDF showed a higher (p < 0.05) WHC, oil-holding capacity (OHC), swelling capacity (SC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and glucose adsorption capacity (GAC) (about 14.15, 0.88, 1.23, 1.22, and 0.34 times) compared to the DF. Additionally, the MSDF showed strong, superior radical scavenging and blood sugar-lowering capabilities, with a more porous surface morphology. A Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy analysis indicated that enzymatic modification degraded the cellulose and hemicellulose, reducing the DF crystallinity. Overall, the results demonstrated that cellulase hydrolysis could effectively improve the physicochemical and functional properties of DF, thereby paving the way for its development into functional food products.

Soluble Dietary Fiber of Hawthorn Relieves Constipation Induced by Loperamide Hydrochloride by Improving Intestinal Flora and Inflammation, Thereby Regulating the Aquaporin Ion Pathway in Mice.

Dietary fiber can be fermented and utilized by gut microbiota to reshape the gut microbiota, thereby alleviating constipation. This experiment mainly studied the physicochemical functions of hawthorn soluble dietary fiber (HSDF)and its effect and mechanism in alleviating constipation in mice. Forty-five mice were divided into blank control group C, model group M, positive control HS group, low-dose LHSDF group (1 g/kg/bw), and high-dose HHSDF group (2 g/kg/bw). The mice were modeled at a dose of 10 mg/kg/bw of loperamide hydrochloride for 7 days, while the remaining groups were orally administered an equal amount of distilled water and test samples. After continuous gavage for 45 days we performed a bowel movement test, and then continued gavage for 7 days and performed a small intestine propulsion test and indicator testing. The results showed that HSDF is mainly composed of galacturonic acid, belonging to the type I crystal structure, with a loose surface resembling a snowflake, a small molecular weight, and strong water-holding and antioxidant abilities. Animal experiments showed that compared with group M, HSDF significantly upregulated AQP3 and AQP8 by 52.67% and 164.54%, respectively, and downregulated AQP9 protein expression by 45.88%, thereby promoting intestinal peristalsis. It can also alleviate constipation by increasing the levels of excitatory hormones such as MTL, GAS, and SP in the gastrointestinal tract, and reducing the levels of inhibitory hormones such as SS, NO, and MDA. In addition, HSDF can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and PL-1 ß, increase the content of various short-chain fatty acids, alleviate intestinal inflammation, maintain intestinal integrity, and promote defecation. It can also promote the growth of probiotics such as Bacteroides, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and alter the diversity of gut microbiota.

Kappa-carrageenan in a pork-based high-fat diet inhibited lipid bioavailability through interactions with pork protein.

κ-Carrageenan is a soluble dietary fiber widely used in meat products. Although its regulatory effect on glycolipid metabolism has been reported, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study established a pork diet model for in vitro digestion to study how κ-carrageenan affected its digestive behavior and lipid bioavailability. The results revealed that κ-carrageenan addition to a pork-based high-fat diet reduced the rate of lipolysis and increased the number and size of lipid droplets in an in vitro digestion condition. However, κ-carrageenan did not inhibit lipolysis when lipids and κ-carrageenan were mixed directly or with the addition of pork protein. Furthermore, the pork protein in the diet significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of κ-carrageenan on lipolysis with decreased proteolysis and raised hydrophobicity of protein hydrolysate. Our findings suggest that κ-carrageenan can inhibit dietary lipid bioavailability by interacting with pork protein in meat products or meat-based diets during digestion and indicate the positive role of carrageenan in the food industry to alleviate the excessive accumulation of lipids in the body.

Effects of soluble dietary fiber from pomegranate peel on the physicochemical properties and in-vitro digestibility of sweet potato starch.

The effects of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from pomegranate peel obtained through enzyme (E-SDF) and alkali (A-SDF) extractions on the structural, physicochemical properties, and in vitro digestibility of sweet potato starch (SPS) were investigated. The expansion degree of SPS granules, pasting viscosity, gel strength and hardness were decreased after adding E-SDF. The setback was accelerated in the presence of A-SDF but E-SDF delayed this effect during the cooling of the starch paste. However, the addition of A-SDF significantly reduced the breakdown of SPS and improved the freeze-thaw stability of starch gels, even at low concentrations (0.1 %), while E-SDF showed the opposite result. The structural characterization of SDF-SPS mixtures showed that A-SDF can help SPS form an enhanced microstructure compared with E-SDF, while polar groups such as hydroxyl group in E-SDF may bind to leached amylose through hydrogen bonding, leading to a decrease in SPS viscoelasticity. In addition, the results of in vitro digestion analysis indicated that A-SDF and E-SDF could decreased the digestibility of SPS and increased the content of resistant starch, especially when 0.5 % E-SDF was added. This study provides a new perspective on the application of SDF from pomegranate peel in improving starch-based foods processing and nutritional characteristics.

Interaction of anthocyanins, soluble dietary fiber and waxy rice starch: Their effect on freeze-thaw stability, water migration, and pasting, rheological and microstructural properties of starch gels.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the interaction of black rice anthocyanins (BRA), soluble dietary fiber from extruded rice bran (ES) and waxy rice starch (WRS) on the physicochemical properties of starch gels, including gelatinization properties, rheological properties, freeze-thaw stability, water migration, molecular structure and gel microstructure. The results showed that the pasting temperature (PT) of the mixtures was increased, and the peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), final viscosity (FV) and setback viscosity (SV) were significantly reduced when ES and BRA were added to WRS in different proportions (ES:BRA, 4:0, 4:0.4, 4:1, 4:2, 8:0, 8:0.8, 8:2, 8:4). Both ES and BRA could enhance the viscosity of WRS gels, and ES exhibited strong ability on improving the strength of gels. The presence of ES and BRA improved the water retaining capacity of WRS gels, but weakened the freeze-thaw stability. ES, BRA and WRS formed non-covalent bonds (hydrogen bonds) through hydrophilic groups during gelatinization, which improved the gel properties. In addition, the steric hindrance formed by ES and BRA inhibited starch retrogradation. These results might contribute to the development of starch-based food formulations with good quality.

Soluble dietary fiber from Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz shoot improves liver injury by regulating gut microbial disorder in mice.

Bamboo shoot has long been regarded as a nutritious and healthy food. It is low in calorie and rich in high-quality dietary fiber (DF), making them a potential DF resource. However, the protective mechanism of soluble dietary fibers from Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz shoot (DS-SDF) on methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is still unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the regulation of DS-SDF on gut microbiota in MCD diet-induced mice and its potential protective effect on liver injury. The NAFLD model was induced by the MCD diet for 8 weeks. Through observation of changes in liver function and gut microorganisms, it was found that DS-SDF supplementation could inhibit liver inflammation, improve liver injury, regulate the diversity of gut microorganisms, increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria and short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria, and reverse the gut disorders induced by the MCD diet in mice. This study showed that DS-SDF supplementation could treat NAFLD by regulating gut microbiota composition, improving liver function, and inhibiting the inflammatory response. It might broaden the idea of high-value utilization of DS-SDF.

Optimization of Composite Enzymatic Extraction, Structural Characterization and Biological Activity of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Akebia trifoliata Peel.

In order to reduce the waste of Akebia trifoliata peel and maximize its utilization, in this study, on the basis of a single-factor experiment and the response surface method, the optimum technological conditions for the extraction of soluble dietary fiber from Akebia trifoliata peel with the compound enzyme method were obtained. The chemical composition, physical and chemical properties, structural characterization and biological activity of the purified soluble dietary fiber (AP-SDF) from the Akebia trifoliata peel were analyzed. We discovered that that the optimum yield was 20.87% under the conditions of cellulase addition 600 U/g, enzymolysis time 100 min, solid-liquid ratio 1:24 g/mL and enzymolysis temperature 51 °C. At the same time, AP-SDF was a porous network structure cellulose type I acidic polysaccharose mainly composed of arabinoxylan (36.03%), galacturonic acid (27.40%) and glucose (19.00%), which possessed the structural characteristic peaks of the infrared spectra of polysaccharides and the average molecular weight (Mw) was 95.52 kDa with good uniformity. In addition, the AP-SDF exhibited high oil-holding capacity (15.11 g/g), good water-holding capacity and swelling capacity, a certain antioxidant capacity in vitro, hypoglycemic activity in vitro for α-glucosidase inhibition and hypolipidemic activity in vitro for the binding ability of bile acids and cholesterol. These results will provide a theoretical basis for the development of functional products with antioxidant, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects, which have certain application value in related industries.

Inhibitory Effects of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Foxtail Millet on Colorectal Cancer by the Restoration of Gut Microbiota.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor that occurs in the colon. Gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CRC. Our previous studies showed that the soluble dietary fiber of foxtail millet (FMB-SDF) exhibited significant antitumor activity in vitro. The present study evaluated the anticancer potential of FMB-SDF in the azoxymethane (AOM)- and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse CRC models. The results showed that FMB-SDF could significantly alleviate colon cancer symptoms in mice. Further, we found that FMB-SDF consumption significantly altered gut microbiota diversity and the overall structure and regulated the abundance of some microorganisms in CRC mice. Meanwhile, KEGG pathway enrichment showed that FMB-SDF can also alleviate the occurrence of colon cancer in mice by regulating certain cancer-related signaling pathways. In conclusion, our findings may provide a novel approach for the prevention and biotherapy of CRC.

Extraction of Heracleum dissectum soluble dietary fiber by different methods: Structure and antioxidant properties.

Heracleum dissectum is rich in nutrients, but there is little research on its soluble dietary fiber (SDF). In this study, SDF from H. dissectum was extracted by enzyme extraction (E-SDF), enzyme chemical extraction (EC-SDF), and fermentation extraction (F-SDF). The composition, molecular weight (Mw), structural characterization, and antioxidant activity of SDF extracted by the three methods were compared. This study showed that different extraction methods lead to differences in their structure. The Mw results showed that F-SDF had the largest Mw, the structure of SDF could be destroyed by enzymatic hydrolysis, and large molecules could be converted into small molecules. The monosaccharide composition analysis showed that the main sugars of E-SDF, EC-SDF, and F-SDF were galacturonic acid and galactose, and the main components of the three SDF samples were hemicellulose hydrolyzed pectin and soluble polysaccharide. Notably, E-SDF had the greatest antioxidant effect at the same concentration. In summary, different extraction methods can affect the structure and antioxidant capacity of H. dissectum SDF, among which E-SDF has potential as a functional food ingredient.

Complexes of Soluble Dietary Fiber and Polyphenols from Lotus Root Regulate High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Mice.

In this paper, complexes of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and polyphenols (PPs) isolated from lotus roots were prepared (SDF-PPs), as well as physical mixtures (SDF&PPs), which were given to high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice. The results demonstrated that SDF-PPs improve lipid levels and reverse liver injury in hyperlipidemic mice. Western blotting and real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that SDF-PPs regulated liver lipids by increasing the phosphorylation of Adenine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), up-regulating the expression of Carnitine palmitoyltransferase1 (CPT1), and down-regulating the expression of Fatty acid synthase (FAS) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA), as well as the transcription factor sterol-regulatory element binding protein (SPEBP-1) and its downstream liposynthesis genes. Additionally, the intervention of SDF-PPs could modulate the composition of intestinal gut microbes, inducing an increase in Lachnospiraceae and a decrease in Desulfovibrionaceae and Prevotellaceae in high-fat-diet-fed mice. Thus, the research provides a theoretical basis for the application of lotus root active ingredients in functional foods and ingredients.

Characterization of the Structure and Physicochemical Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Peanut Shells Prepared by Pulsed Electric Fields with Three-Phase Partitioning.

This study evaluated the impact of pulsed electric fields (PEFs) combined with three-phase partitioning (TPP) extraction methods on the physicochemical properties, functional properties, and structural characterization of the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) derived from peanut shells (PS). The findings of this study indicated that the application of a PEF-TPP treatment leads to a notable improvement in both the extraction yield and purity of SDF. Consequently, the PEF-TPP treatment resulted in the formation of more intricate and permeable structures, a decrease in molecular weight, and an increase in thermal stability compared to SDFs without TPP treatment. An analysis revealed that the PEF-TPP method resulted in an increase in the levels of arabinose and galacturonic acid, leading to enhanced antioxidant capacities. Specifically, the IC50 values were lower in SDFs which underwent PEF-TPP (4.42 for DPPH and 5.07 mg/mL for ABTS) compared to those precipitated with 40% alcohol (5.54 mg/mL for DPPH, 5.56 mg/mL for ABTS) and PEF75 (6.60 mg/mL for DPPH, 7.61 mg/mL for ABTS), respectively. Notably, the SDFs which underwent PEF-TPP demonstrated the highest water- and oil-holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity, emulsion stability, glucose adsorption, pancreatic lipase inhibition, cholesterol adsorption, nitric ion adsorption capacity, and the least gelation concentration. Based on the synthesis scores obtained through PCA (0.536 > -0.030 > -0.33), which indicated that SDFs which underwent PEF-TPP exhibited the highest level of quality, the findings indicate that PEF-TPP exhibits potential and promise as a method for preparing SDFs.

Protective effect of soluble dietary fiber from Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue on dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis by regulating serum metabolism and NF-κB pathway in mice.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) refers to an idiopathic chronic inflammatory bowel disease that starts with inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. Dietary fiber plays a crucial role in maintaining the normal architecture of the intestinal mucosa. In this study, the protective effect and potential mechanism of soluble dietary fiber from Rosa roxburghii Tratt residue (SDFR) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice were explored. RESULTS: The results revealed that SDFR could ameliorate body weight loss and pathological injury, improve the structure and crypt destruction in colon in DSS-induced mice. Moreover, the levels of NO, IL-1ß, TNF-α, MPO and protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 were decreased after administration of SDFR. Notably, nontargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that there were significant differences in 51 potential metabolites in serum between the DSS and control groups. SDFR intervention could regulate aberrant alterations of these metabolites and mitigate UC via regulating metabolic pathways, including arachidonic acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. CONCLUSION: This study provides novel evidence that SDFR could be used as a potential modulator to relieve UC. Also, the results provide a theoretical basis for the utilization of byproducts in Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit processing. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Effects of whole nutritional formula foods on nutritional improvement and intestinal flora in malnourished rats.

Food for special medical purposes (FSMP) has received increasing attention as an enteral nutritional supplement. To investigate the effects of whole nutritional formula (WNF) containing dietary fiber and regular formula on nutritional supplementation and improvement of intestinal microecology, a rat malnutrition model was established with the formulations of WNF, FOS, and SDF (10, 20 g/kg bw) administered by gavage for 30 days. The results showed that the three formulations effectively improved the nutritional status of the malnourished rats, significantly increasing the level of IgG, increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes, and affecting the content of propionic acid (PRO). The nutritional status of rats is closely related to growth performance, nutritional indexes, and immunoglobulin index, which cause changes in the composition of the intestinal flora. The above results showed that WNF positively affected the nutritional improvement, immune level, and intestinal health of rats. The comprehensive evaluation also suggested that the formulation containing ginseng water-soluble dietary fiber (ginseng-SDF) had the most significant effect.

Comparison of soluble dietary fibers from various quinoa microgreens: Structural characteristics and bioactive properties.

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) microgreens are widely consumed as healthy vegetables around the world. Although soluble dietary fibers exist as the major bioactive macromolecules in quinoa microgreens, their structural characteristics and bioactive properties are still unclear. Therefore, the structural characteristics and bioactive properties of soluble dietary fibers from various quinoa microgreens (QMSDFs) were investigated in this study. The yields of QMSDFs ranged from 38.82 to 52.31 mg/g. Indeed, all QMSDFs were predominantly consisted of complex pectic-polysaccharides, e.g., homogalacturonan (HG) and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG I) pectic domains, with the molecular weights ranged from 2.405 × 104 to 5.538 × 104 Da. In addition, the proportions between RG I and HG pectic domains in all QMSDFs were estimated in the range of 1: 2.34-1: 4.73 (ratio of galacturonic acid/rhamnose). Furthermore, all QMSDFs exhibited marked in vitro antioxidant, antiglycation, prebiotic, and immunoregulatory effects, which may be partially correlated to their low molecular weights and low esterification degrees. These findings are helpful for revealing the structural and biological properties of QMSDFs, which can offer some new insights into further development of quinoa microgreens and related QMSDFs as value-added healthy products.

Effect of steam explosion modified soluble dietary fiber from Tremella fuciformis stem on the quality and digestibility of biscuits.

Steam explosion (SE) technology is an effective modification method for improving resource utilization of edible fungi processing by-products. In this study, the effect of SE-modified Tremella fuciformis (T. fuciformis) stem soluble dietary fiber (SDF) on the quality and digestibility of biscuits was investigated. The results showed that the addition of SE-modified T. fuciformis stem SDF (M-SDF) changed the gluten network structure and moisture distribution in the biscuits, which improved the spread ratio of the biscuits and resulted in attractive colors. Meanwhile, as starch was embedded, the starch hydrolysis rate (from 60.9 ± 0.90 % to 43.01 ± 0.78 %) and estimated glycemic index (from 84.10 ± 4.39 to 68.45 ± 3.15) of 12 % M-SDF biscuits were reduced. Furthermore, 8 % M-SDF received the highest sensory scores. These results demonstrate the potential applicability of SE-modified edible fungi processing by-product SDF as an additive in functional foods.

Effects of two celery fibers on the structural properties and digestibility of glutinous rice starch: A comparative study.

The present study focused on the extraction of water-soluble dietary fiber (CSDF) and water-insoluble dietary fiber (CIDF) from celery. It investigated their effects on glutinous rice starch's (GRS) physicochemical, structural, and digestive properties. The results showed that as the addition of the two dietary fibers increased, they compounded with GRS to varying degrees, with the complexing index reaching 69.41 % and 60.81 %, respectively. The rheological results indicated that the two dietary fibers reduced the viscosity of GRS during pasting and inhibited the short-term regrowth of starch. The FTIR and XRD results revealed that the two fibers interacted with GRS through hydrogen bonding, effectively inhibiting starch retrogradation. Furthermore, both fibers increased the pasting temperature of GRS, thus delaying its pasting and exhibiting better thermal stability. Regarding digestibility, the starch gels containing dietary fibers exhibited significantly reduced digestibility, with RS significantly increased by 8.15 % and 8.95 %, respectively. This study provides insights into the interaction between two dietary fibers and GRS during processing. It enriches the theoretical model of dietary fiber-starch interaction and provides a reference for the application development of starch-based functional foods.