French protocol for the diagnosis and management of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Because Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a rare disease, and due to the significant prognostic impact of early management, a diagnosis confirmed by a physician with experience in SLE is recommended, for example from an expert center. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, existing manifestations should be identified in particular, renal involvement by an assessment of proteinuria, disease activity and severity should be determined, potential complications anticipated, associated diseases searched for, and the patient's socioprofessional and family context noted. Therapeutic management of SLE includes patient education on recognizing symptoms, understanding disease progression as well as when they should seek medical advice. Patients are informed about routine checkups, treatment side effects, and the need for regular vaccinations, especially if they are receiving immunosuppressive treatment. They are also advised on lifestyle factors such as the risks of smoking, sun exposure, and dietary adjustments, especially when they are receiving corticosteroids. The importance of contraception, particularly when teratogenic medications are being used, and regular cancer screening are emphasized. Support networks can help relieve a patient's isolation. The first-line medical treatment of SLE is hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), possibly combined with an immunosuppressant and/or low-dose corticosteroid therapy. The treatment of flares depends on their severity, and typically involves HCQ and NSAIDs, but may be escalated to corticosteroid therapy with immunosuppressants or biologic therapies in moderate to severe cases. Because there is no curative treatment, the goals of therapy are patient comfort, preventing progression and flares, and preserving overall long-term health and fertility. The frequency of follow-up visits depends on disease severity and any new symptoms. Regular specialized assessments are necessary, especially when treatment changes, but a frequency of every 3 to 6 months is recommended during periods of remission and monthly during active or severe disease, especially in children. These assessments include both clinical and laboratory tests to monitor complications and disease activity, with specific attention to proteinuria.

[Post-hospital support for families: current situation and outlook]. / L'accompagnement posthospitalier des familles : état des lieux et perspectives.

After neonatal hospitalization, our healthcare system offers multidisciplinary care for premature babies and their families during the first years of life. However, there are disparities and gaps, particularly in the case of medium prematurity. Maternal and child protection, a major player in early prevention and family follow-up, is a partner likely to be able to deploy post-hospital support perspectives in favor of child development and parenting support.

[Impact of the mode of follow-up of preterm premature rupture of membranes before 36 weeks of gestation on the latency period]. / Impact du mode de suivi des ruptures prématurées des membranes avant 36 SA sur la durée de latence.

INTRODUCTION: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is the main cause of premature delivery, complicating 1-3% of all pregnancies. Conventional hospitalization (CH) is the most frequent mode of follow-up, but homecare (HC) seems to be an alternative. OBJECTIVES: Study of the impact of the monitoring mode on the duration of the latency period and on the latency ratio after PPROM, and analysis of the risk factors modifying this ratio. METHODS: This was a bicentric retrospective cohort study here-abouts including patients who presented a PPROM between 24 and 36weeks of gestation from 2016 to 2018. Patients had a follow-up in HC at Lille University Hospital center (UHC) and in CH at Nantes UHC according to two different follow-up protocols. The latency ratio corresponded to the real latency period divided by the latency period to theoretical term. RESULTS: We included 154 patients: 102 in HC and 52 in CH. The mean latency period was significantly higher in HC: 36.9±21.8 days, corresponding to an 85.5±23.7% latency ratio versus 20.2±12 days, corresponding to an 66.9±29.8% latency ratio in CH (P<0.001). The latency ratio in CH was correlated with term at PPROM (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The duration of the latency period seems prolonged for PPROM followed by HC management versus CH in selected populations. This study suggests a benefit to HC in stable patients.

[Collaboration between advanced practice nurses and physicians: a tool to enhance the care offered]. / La collaboration entre l'IPA et le médecin, un outil au service de l'offre de soins.

The role of advanced practice nursing in France is still in its definition phase. While the prefiguration of the model was mainly in primary care, notably through the activities of the Asalée association, the first university graduates are mainly future hospital professionals, with a specialized orientation. Whether working in general or organ medicine, the advanced practice nurse (APN) is committed to making the patient's care experience more fluid, as part of a multi-professional team. Thanks to the acquisition of new skills and a structuring legal framework, collaboration between doctors and APNs is becoming a lace-making process, to best meet local needs.

Oculomotor Abnormalities and Aberrant Neuro-Developmental Markers: Composite Endophenotype for Bipolar I Disorder: Anomalies Oculomotrices et Marqueurs Neuro-Développementaux Aberrants : Endophénotype Composite du Trouble Bipolaire I.

BACKGROUND: Neurological soft signs (NSSs), minor physical anomalies (MPAs), and oculomotor abnormalities were plausible biomarkers in bipolar disorder (BD). However, specific impairments in these markers in patients after the first episode mania (FEM), in comparison with first-degree relatives (high risk [HR]) of BD and healthy subjects (health control [HC]) are sparse. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed at examining NSSs, MPAs, and oculomotor abnormalities in remitted adult subjects following FEM and HR subjects in comparison with matched healthy controls. Investigated when taken together, could serve as composite endophenotype for BD. METHODS: NSSs, MPAs, and oculomotor abnormalities were evaluated in FEM (n = 31), HR (n = 31), and HC (n = 30) subjects, matched for age (years) (p = 0.44) and sex (p = 0.70) using neurological evaluation scale, Waldrop's physical anomaly scale and eye tracking (SPEM) and antisaccades (AS) paradigms, respectively. RESULTS: Significant differences were found between groups on NSSs, MPAs, and oculomotor parameters. Abnormalities are higher in FEM subjects compared to HR and HC subjects. Using linear discriminant analysis, all 3 markers combined accurately classified 72% of the original 82 subjects (79·2% BD, 56·70% HR, and 82·1% HC subjects). CONCLUSIONS: AS and SPEM could enhance the utility of NSSs, and MPAs as markers for BD. The presence of these abnormalities in FEM suggests their role in understanding the etiopathogenesis of BD in patients who are in the early course of illness. These have the potential to be composite endophenotypes and have further utility in early identification in BD.

Eye movement abnormalities and Atypical Neurodevelopmental markers as Composite Measurable components in the pathway between disease manifestation and genetics in Bipolar I Disorder.

Impact of Antenatal Care Modifications on Gestational Diabetes Outcomes During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Many of the adverse outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are linked to excessive fetal growth, which is strongly mediated by the adequacy of maternal glycemic management. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid adoption of virtual care models. We aimed to compare glycemic management, fetal growth, and perinatal outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2017 and 2020. Singleton pregnancies complicated by GDM were included in the study. The cohort was stratified into "before" and "during" COVID-19 subgroups, using March 11, 2020, as the demarcation time point. Women who began their GDM follow-up starting March 11, 2020, and thereafter were allocated to the COVID-19 era, whereas women who delivered before the demarcation point served as the pre-COVID-19 era. The primary outcome was the rate of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) neonates. Secondary outcomes included select maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes. RESULTS: Seven hundred seventy-five women were included in the analysis, of which 187 (24.13%) were followed during the COVID-19 era and 588 (75.87%) before the COVID-19 era. One hundred seventy-one of the 187 women (91.44%) followed during COVID-19 had at least 1 virtual follow-up visit. No virtual follow-up visits occurred before the COVID-19 era. There was no difference in the rate of LGA neonates between groups on both univariate (5.90% vs 7.30%, p=0.5) and multivariate analyses, controlling for age, ethnicity, parity, body mass index, gestational weight gain, chronic hypertension, smoking, and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49 to 2.51, p=0.80). In the multivariate analysis, there was no difference in composite neonatal outcome between groups (GDM diet: aOR 1.40, 95% CI 0.81 to 2.43, p=0.23; GDM medical treatment: aOR 1.20, 95% CI 0.63 to 2.43, p=0.5). CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting for differences in baseline variables, the combined virtual mode of care was not associated with a higher rate of LGA neonates or other adverse perinatal outcomes in women with GDM. Larger studies are needed to better understand the specific impact of virtual care on less common outcomes in pregnancies with GDM.

[Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and treatment with CAR-T cells - identification of psycho-social vulnerability factors: Guidelines from the Francophone Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC)]. / Allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques et traitement par CAR-T cells ­ repérage des facteurs de vulnérabilité psycho-sociale : recommandations de la Société francophone de greffe de moelle et de thérapie cellulaire (SFGM-TC).

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) and CAR-T cells therapy are treatments with curative aim for certain hematological malignancies, refractory or relapse. Nevertheless, they carry the risk of morbidity and mortality and may have a significant psychosocial impact, particularly for HCT. It is therefore necessary to identify psychological difficulties and social problems, as well as the patient's resources, and those of his entourage, in order to improve his overall management. The objective of this evaluation is not to pose contraindications to treatments, but to adapt the personalized care project. This identification must be carried out early on in the pre-HCT assessment journey to enable the implementation of appropriate actions by the various care providers. Based on a review of the literature, we designed a psychosocial data collection grid that can be initiated in pre-transplant and updated by accompanying the patient at each stage of follow-up (discharge from hospital, day-hospital follow-up, D100 evaluation). This grid is divided into 3 axes: socio-family context, psychological and somatic aspects. This tool allows the traceability of the interventions of different professionals and is a support for multidisciplinary exchanges.

[Transfusion management and immuno-hematological follow-up after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: Guidelines from the Francophone Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (SFGM-TC)]. / Prise en charge transfusionnelle et suivi immunohématologique après allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques : recommandations de la Société francophone de greffe de moelle et de thérapie cellulaire (SFGM-TC).

The French High Authority of Health (HAS) and National Drug Safety (ANSM) agencies recommendations issued in 2014, the French General Direction of Health (DGS) instruction published in November 2021, the French National Blood Bank (EFS) guidelines and the data available in the literature globally define "good transfusion practices" but provide little information about the immuno-hematological and transfusion management of patients who have received an allogeneic hematopoietic stem transplantation (allo-HCT). The aim of this workshop was to harmonize these practices in situations for which there are currently no recommendations. In order to anticipate possible transfusion issues after allo-HCT, we recommend performing, before the transplantation, an extended red blood cell phenotyping of the donor and a detection of HLA alloimmunization in the recipient. We recommend to systematically perform for minor ABO mismatches: a direct antiglobulin test between D8 and D20, and for major ABO mismatches; a titration of anti-A/anti-B antibodies and an erythrocyte chimerism at D100. At one-year post-transplant, we recommend carrying out an erythrocyte chimerism to allow, if necessary, the update of transfusion counselling (RH phenotype, irradiation of packed red blood cells).

Acompanhamento escolar de crianças com entraves estruturais na constituição psíquica: contribuições e desafios / Acompañamiento escolar de niños con obstáculos estructurales en su constitución subjetiva: contribuciones y desafios / School accompaniment of children with structural barriers in their psychic constitution: contributions and challenges / Suivi scolaire des enfants présentant des entraves structurellesà la constitution psychique: apports et défis

Este artigo parte da contextualização do movimento inclusivo e das conquistas em termos de legislação no Brasil, para analisar, com a ajuda do referencial psicanalítico, cenas vividas em uma experiência de acompanhamento escolar de uma criança com entrave estrutural na sua constituição psíquica. Abordam-se contribuições e desafios do acompanhamento escolar na inclusão desses alunos e alunas, a importância da escola como local de subjetivação e a riqueza da interação entre os pares criança-criança nesse processo. Conclui-se que a inclusão escolar não pode se pautar na busca de que "tudo seja igual para todos"; há que se trabalhar com as diferenças para chegar à igualdade de oportunidades e ao direito fundamental à educação. Cabe à escola manter a elasticidade em seu currículo para que todos os estudantes possam acessá-lo, cada um a seu modo, construindo sentido e aprendizagem na sua experiência escolar

Este artículo parte de la contextualización del movimiento inclusivo y de los hitos legislativos en Brasil para analizar, desde una perspectiva psicoanalítica, escenas de una experiencia de acompañamiento escolar a niños con obstáculos estructurales en su constitución subjetiva. Se abordan contribuciones y desafíos del acompañante escolar en la inclusión de estos estudiantes, la importancia de la escuela como lugar de subjetivación y la riqueza de la interacción entre los pares en este proceso. Se concluye que la inclusión escolar no se puede basar en la búsqueda de que "todo sea igual para todos"; hay que trabajar con las diferencias para llegar ala igualdad de oportunidades y al derecho fundamental a la educación. Es responsabilidad de la escuela mantener una apertura en su currículum para que todos los estudiantes puedan accederlo; cada uno a su manera, construyendo sentido para su experiencia escolar

This article starts with the contextualization of the inclusive movement and the achievements in terms of legislation in Brazil, to then, with the help of psychoanalytic references, analyze scenes from a school accompaniment of a child with structural barriers in their psychic constitution. It discusses the contributions and challenges of school accompaniment in the inclusion of these students, the school's importance as a place of subjectivation, and the role played by peers' interaction in this process. It is concluded that school inclusion cannot be based on the premise that "everything must be the same for everyone". It is necessary to work with differences to achieve equal opportunities and the fundamental right to education. It is the school's responsibility to make space in its curriculum so that every student can access it in their way to build meaning to their school experience

Cet article propose quelques repères sur le mouvement inclusif et les acquis de la législation brésilienne pour ensuite, à partir du referentiel psychanalitique, analyser des scènes vécues dans le cadre de l'accompagnement scolaire d'un enfant présentant des obstacles structurels dans sa constitution psychique. Il aborde les contributions et les défis de cette pratique dans l'inclusion des enfants, l'importance de l'école comme lieu de subjectivation et la richesse de l'interaction entre les paires enfant-enfant dans ce processus. Nous montrons que l'inclusion scolaire ne peut pas être basée sur la notion que "tout est égal pour tous"; qu'il est nécessaire de travailler avec les différences pour atteindre une effective égalité des chances et le droit fondamental à l'éducation. Il appartient à l'école de maintenir une ouverture dans son programme afin que tous les élèves puissent y accéder, chacun à sa manière, en donnant un sens à leur expérience scolaire

[French recommendations for malignant pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas by the national ENDOCAN-COMETE network]. / Recommandations du réseau national ENDOCAN-COMETE pour la prise en charge des phéochromocytomes et paragangliomes métastatiques.

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas are rare neuroendocrine tumors, developed respectively in the adrenal medulla and in extra-adrenal locations. Their malignancy is defined by the presence of distant metastases. Forty percent of them are inherited and can be part of different hereditary syndromes. Their management is ensured in France by the multidisciplinary expert centers of the ENDOCAN-COMETE national network "Cancers of the Adrenal gland", certified by the National Cancer Institute and discussed within multidisciplinary team meetings. The diagnostic and therapeutic work-up must be standardized, based on an expert analysis of clinical symptoms, hormonal biological secretions, genetics, morphological and specific metabolic imaging. In the context of a heterogeneous survival sometimes beyond seven to ten years, therapeutic intervention must be justified. This is multidisciplinary and relies on surgery, interventional radiology, external or internal radiotherapy and medical treatments such as sunitinib or dacarbazine and temodal chemotherapy. The personalized approach based on functional imaging fixation status and genetics is progressing despite the extreme rarity of this disease.

[The role of the private practice nurse in pain management at home]. / Rôle de l'infirmière libérale dans la prise en charge de la douleur à domicile.

Optimizing the management of chronic pain in outpatient clinics remains an ongoing challenge. Liberal nurses are local healthcare players, helping to establish links with other healthcare professionals. The experiment carried out by a team of liberal clinical nurses opens up the field of possibilities and enables us to diversify the range of care we offer.

[Management of complications of renal failure in hemodialysis patients with IPA]. / Prise en charge des complications de l'insuffisance rénale chez les patients hémodialysés par l'IPA.

The complications of renal failure are likely to have an impact on the quality of life of hemodialysis patients, which is why specific follow-ups are organized by the nephrologist. Advanced practice nurses (APNs) could take care of this alongside physicians. A survey conducted by the Santélys Bourgogne Franche-Comté association shows that professionals are in favor of working with APNs and that follow-up is carried out by medical and paramedical teams without standardized practices. The intervention of an RPN could improve coordination between the different actors.

French national diagnostic and care protocol for Kawasaki disease.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis with a particular tropism for the coronary arteries. KD mainly affects male children between 6 months and 5 years of age. The diagnosis is clinical, based on the international American Heart Association criteria. It should be systematically considered in children with a fever, either of 5 days or more, or of 3 days if all other criteria are present. It is important to note that most children present with marked irritability and may have digestive signs. Although the biological inflammatory response is not specific, it is of great value for the diagnosis. Because of the difficulty of recognising incomplete or atypical forms of KD, and the need for urgent treatment, the child should be referred to a paediatric hospital as soon as the diagnosis is suspected. In the event of signs of heart failure (pallor, tachycardia, polypnea, sweating, hepatomegaly, unstable blood pressure), medical transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU) is essential. The standard treatment is an infusion of IVIG combined with aspirin (before 10 days of fever, and for a minimum of 6 weeks), which reduces the risk of coronary aneurysms. In case of coronary involvement, antiplatelet therapy can be maintained for life. In case of a giant aneurysm, anticoagulant treatment is added to the antiplatelet agent. The prognosis of KD is generally good and most children recover without sequelae. The prognosis in children with initial coronary involvement depends on the progression of the cardiac anomalies, which are monitored during careful specialised cardiological follow-up.

Acceptance, commissioning and quality assurance of the MRIdian®: Site experience and three years follow-up.

PURPOSE: This study presents the methodology and results of the acceptance and periodical quality controls on the MRIdian®. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The impact of the magnetic field on other machines was investigated by controlling nearby linacs dose profiles. The image quality of the 0.345T MR scanner was evaluated, also assessing the integrated linear accelerator influence. The photon beams lateral and depth dose profiles were measured in motorized water tanks, along dose rate and output factors, and compared to Monte Carlo (MC) calculations. The isocenter position, gantry angles and multi-leaf collimator (MLC) position were controlled using film dosimetry. Gating latency and dosimetric accuracy were controlled with a dynamic phantom. RESULTS: The magnetic field had no significant impact on other nearby linacs. Image quality was within tolerances and did not vary over time. Dose profiles measured showed good agreement with MC data, with maximum differences of 1.3% in-field. Output factors were within 0.8% of calculated values. Imaging and radiative isocenter matched within 0.9±0.4mm over all monthly controls. Gantry rotation was precise within -0.1±0.2°, with an isocenter variation of 1.4±0.3mm diameter. The average MLC position was within 0.4±0.1mm of theoretical value. Finally, the gating latency was 0.14±0.07sec and the gated dose within 0.3% of base value. CONCLUSION: All results are within the tolerances fixed by ViewRay® and show low variations over 2 years, comforting the use of small margins and gating for high-dose adaptive treatments.

Lamotrigine in mood disorders: Flash survey on prescribing habits and blood tests practices.

OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic drug monitoring for lamotrigine is poorly documented in bipolar and depressive disorders. In order to evaluate its use among French psychiatrists, we explored prescribing habits, therapeutic monitoring and dosage adjustment of lamotrigine through a flash survey. METHODS: A survey was broadcasted by the network of Expert Centers for Bipolar Disorder and Resistant Depression and by the Collegial of Psychiatry of the Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Paris. Questions concerned the frequency of prescribing depending on the mood disorder, the frequency of plasma levels, therapeutic monitoring, dosage adjustment and the limitation represented by dermatological risk. RESULTS: Of the 99 hospital psychiatrists who responded, 66 practiced in a university hospital and 62 for more than 5years. Overall, lamotrigine was more frequently prescribed for type 2 bipolar disorder (often: 51%) than for type 1 bipolar disorder (often: 22%). Dermatotoxicity was a major barrier to prescribing for 15% (n=13) of respondents. Nearly two-thirds of prescribers (61%, n=59) measured lamotrigine, of which 50% (n=29) systematically. However, 40% of them did not have an opinion on the optimal plasma concentration. In total, 22% (n=13) always adjusted the dosage according to the result. The first argument for dosage adjustment was clinical response for 80% (n=47) of prescribers, adverse effects for 17% (n=10) and plasma levels for only 4% (n=2). CONCLUSION: While many psychiatrists report using plasma dosage of lamotrigine, few use the plasma level result to adapt dosage and many have no opinion of the target values for plasma concentrations. This illustrates the lack of data and recommendations regarding the use of therapeutic pharmacological monitoring of lamotrigine in bipolar and depressive disorders.

Photodynamic cystoscopy for bladder cancer diagnosis and for NMIBC follow-up: An overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

INTRODUCTION: Currently, bladder cancer detection is based on cytology and cystoscopy. White light cystoscopy (WLC) is an invasive procedure and may under-detect flat lesions. Blue light cystoscopy (BLC) and narrow band imaging (NBI) cystoscopy are new modalities that could improve the detection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and its recurrence or progression to muscle invasive bladder cancer. We present a systematic review on BLC and NBI cystoscopy for bladder cancer diagnosis and NMIBC follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All available systematic reviews and meta-analyses on cystoscopy published in PubMed® between May 2010 and March 2021 were identified and reviewed. The main endpoints were clinical performance for bladder cancer diagnosis and for recurrence or progression detection during NMIBC follow-up, and additional value compared with cytology and/or WLC. RESULTS: Most of the meta-analyses and systematic reviews published suggest a better sensitivity of BLC and NBI cystoscopy compared to WLC, particularly for the detection of flat lesions (CIS). NBI- and BLC-guided TURBT could decrease the recurrence rates. However, their clinical utility to reduce progression rate and increase survival is still unclear. CONCLUSIONS: BLC and NBI cystoscopy are efficient techniques for bladder cancer diagnosis and NMIBC follow-up. However, their clinical benefit remains to be confirmed.

[Guidelines of the French National ENDOCAN-COMETE, Association of Endocrine Surgery, Society of Urology for the management of adrenocortical carcinoma]. / Recommandations conjointes du réseau National ENDOCAN-COMETE, de l'Association francophone de chirurgie endocrinienne et de la Société française d'urologie pour la prise en charge du carcinome corticosurrénalien.

The adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a primary malignant tumor developed from the adrenal cortex, defined by a Weiss score≥3. Its prognosis is poor and depends mainly on the stage of the disease at diagnosis. Care is organized in France by the multidisciplinary expert centers of the national ENDOCAN-COMETE "Adrenal Cancers" network, certified by the National Cancer Institute. This document updates the guidelines for the management of ACC in adults based on the most robust data in the literature. It's divided into 11 chapters: (1) circumstances of discovery; (2) pre-therapeutic assessment; (3) diagnosis of ACC; (4) oncogenetics; (5) prognostic classifications; (6) treatment of hormonal hypersecretion; (7) treatment of localized forms; (8) treatment of relapses; (9) treatment of advanced forms; (10) follow-up; (11) the particular case of ACC and pregnancy. R0 resection of all localized ACC remains an unmet need and it must be performed in expert centers. Flow-charts for the therapeutic management of localized ACC, relapse or advanced ACC are provided. It was written by the experts from the national ENDOCAN-COMETE network and validated by all French Societies involved in the management of these patients (endocrinology, medical oncology, endocrine surgery, urology, pathology, genetics, nuclear medicine, radiology, interventional radiology).

[Clinical monitoring of children with in utero exposure to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers]. / Toxicité fœtale et néonatale des inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion et des sartans : quelle surveillance pour les enfants exposés in utero ?

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers are widely used to reduce high blood pressure or in other conditions such as congestive heart failure and prevention of diabetic nephropathy. To date, no teratogenic effect has been attributed to them, but in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, their foetotoxicity is broadly documented: transient oligohydramnios or anamnios, associated to possible neonatal anuria and permanent renal damage, which can lead to intrauterine or neonatal death. Long-term effects among children with in utero exposure are poorly known, but the regression of an oligohydramnios might not always be associated with normal renal function after birth or later in life. This justifies seeking the advice of a pediatric nephrologistto consider the most appropriate monitoring for the child at birth and in the following weeks, and possibly beyond, even in case of normal prenatal ultrasound.

[Follow-up strategies for lung transplant recipients in France]. / Suivi partagé des patients transplantés pulmonaires.

BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation (LT) requires sustained care for a frequently polypathological condition. Follow-up is focused on three main issues: 1/stability of respiratory function; 2/comorbidity management; 3/preventive medicine. About 3000 LT patients in France are treated in 11 LT centers. Given the increased size of the LT recipient cohort, follow-up might be partially shared with peripheral centers. METHODS: This paper presents the suggestions of a working group of the SPLF (French-speaking respiratory medicine society) on possible modalities of shared follow-up. RESULTS: While the main LT center is tasked with centralizing follow-up, particularly the choice of optimal immunosuppression, an identified peripheral center (PC) may serve as an alternative to deal with acute events, comorbidities and routine assessment. Communication between the different centers should be free-flowing. Shared follow-up may be offered from the 3rd postoperative year to stable and consenting patients, whereas unstable and non-observant patients are poor candidates. CONCLUSION: These guidelines may serve as a reference for any pneumologist wishing to effectively contribute to follow-up, even and especially subsequent to lung transplant.

[Unusual association of BRAF and MEK inhibitors: Clinical response of metastatic melanoma treated with dabrafenib-cobimetinib]. / Association inhabituelle d'inhibiteurs de BRAF et de MEK : réponse clinique d'un mélanome métastatique traité par dabrafénib­cobimétinib.

Despite the efficacy of targeted therapies in melanoma, the management of adverse events with BRAFi and MEKi (inhibitors) is one of the limits of these treatments. Close monitoring is required to ensure efficacy and patient safety. In this case study, we report a patient treated for metastatic melanoma with an unusual and innovative combination of dabrafenib (BRAFi) and cobimetinib (MEKi), to manage pyrexia, and lead to complete remission for 19 months. This is the first case ever reported of metastatic melanoma treated with this off-label combination and characterized by the use of therapeutic drug monitoring.