Association between vitamin D levels and lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis: a case-control study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Vitamin D has relationships with pathogenesis and inflammation pathways in many diseases. Its deficiency may make clinicians think not only of supplementation but also of presence of other diseases. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), given that reduced levels are related to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. DESIGN AND SETTING: Case-control study conducted in the cardiovascular surgery and family medicine departments of a hospital in Turkey. METHODS: A total of 280 participants were included: 140 each in the DVT and control groups. Basic clinical characteristics, comorbidities and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were recorded and then compared between the groups. Serum 25(OH)D levels were also evaluated separately in three subgroups (sufficient, insufficient and deficient). RESULTS: Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in the DVT group than in the controls (P < 0.001). Females in the DVT group had lower 25(OH)D levels than those in the control group (P = 0.002). Nonetheless, the median 25(OH)D level (16.41 ng/ml) of the control group was still below the reference value. Logistic regression analysis showed that 25(OH)D was a significant predictor of DVT. Weight, height and body mass index, which all presented interaction, were significant in the logistic regression analysis but not in individual analyses. CONCLUSION: The serum vitamin D levels of DVT patients were lower than those of controls. If the results obtained from our study are supported by further large-scale randomized controlled trials, vitamin D replacement may be brought into the agenda for protection against DVT.

[Validity of Padua risk assessment scale for assessing the risk of deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized patients].

To analyze the clinical features of deep venous thrombosis(DVT) in hospitalized patients and evaluate the effectiveness of Padua risk assessment model.The clinical data of DVT patients were retrospectively analyzed in Beijing Shijitan Hospital from April 1 2017 to June 30, 2017.Padua risk assessment scale was used to evaluate the risk score of DVT in the departments of internal medicine and surgery. Effectiveness of predicting DVT was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the related factors of DVT.In DVT group, age (OR=0.96),acute infection(OR=8.23),prothrombin time(OR=0.76),D dimer(OR=1.00),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(OR=1.02) and platelet count(OR=1.01) were significantly associated with thrombosis(all P<0.05).The specificity of Padua model to predict DVT in internal medical patients was better than the sensitivity(80.7% vs. 50%,P<0.05).Surgical patients reported similar findings with specificity to sensitivity of 87.5% vs. 67.5%(P<0.05).The area under curve of ROC in internal medical patients was more than that in surgical patients[0.62 (95%CI 0.59-0.67) vs.0.61(95%CI 0.56-0.66), P<0.05].Padua model is more specific than sensitive to predict DVT in hospitalized patients.It has better predictive value of DVT in internal medical patients than surgical patients.