3D engineered scaffold for large-scale Vigil immunotherapy production.

Previously, we reported successful cellular expansion of a murine colorectal carcinoma cell line (CT-26) using a three-dimensional (3D) engineered extracellular matrix (EECM) fibrillar scaffold structure. CCL-247 were grown over a limited time period of 8 days on 3D EECM or tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Cells were then assayed for growth, electroporation efficiency and Vigil manufacturing release criteria. Using EECM scaffolds, we report an expansion of CCL-247 (HCT116), a colorectal carcinoma cell line, from a starting concentration of 2.45 × 105 cells to 1.9 × 106 cells per scaffold. Following expansion, 3D EECM-derived cells were assessed based on clinical release criteria of the Vigil manufacturing process utilized for Phase IIb trial operation with the FDA. 3D EECM-derived cells passed all Vigil manufacturing release criteria including cytokine expression. Here, we demonstrate successful Vigil product manufacture achieving the specifications necessary for the clinical trial product release of Vigil treatment. Our results confirm that 3D EECM can be utilized for the expansion of human cancer cell CCL-247, justifying further clinical development involving human tissue sample manufacturing including core needle biopsy and minimal ascites samples.

Safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors: An updated comprehensive disproportionality analysis and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The exact safety profile of Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unclear so far. AIM: The aim of the current study is to analyse the safety profile of ICIs in cancer patients. METHODOLOGY: The updated comprehensive disproportionality analysis of post-marketing data using the FAERS database and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was conducted. Disproportionality measures were calculated in terms of PRR associated with chi-square value and ROR with 95% confidence intervals whereas overall estimate measures with 95% CIs, publication bias and heterogeneity were calculated using RevMan 5.4. The GRADE analysis was also done to check the quality of evidence for each outcome. RESULTS: Various novel signals such as cholangitis, encephalitis, anuria, myelosuppression, and cachexia related to different system organ class were identified with ICIs. The sensitivity analysis results have indicated the influence of concomitant drugs on the identified signals. The meta-analysis results have shown a good safety profile of atezolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma, pembrolizumab in gastro-oesophageal cancer, urothelial cancer and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), nivolumab in HNSCC as compared to the non-ICI group. CONCLUSION: The safety of ICIs is dependent on their types as well as on the types of cancer.

Clonal Neoantigen: Emerging "Mechanism-based" Biomarker of Immunotherapy Response.

Clonal mutations represent the initiating molecular defects related to cellular transition of a normal phenotype to a malignant phenotype. Molecular genomic assessment utilizing next generation and whole exome sequencing is now being increasingly applied to biomarker determination to refine the use of targeted immune therapies. Case examples followed by retrospective study assessment have convincingly demonstrated clonal neoantigens provide a relevant predictor of response to checkpoint inhibition. A meta-analysis, by Litchfield et al., of over 1000 cancer patients from 12 landmark trials demonstrated no clinical benefit to checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) therapy in correlation to high subclonal tumor mutational burden (TMB), whereas high clonal TMB was found to be significantly correlated with better overall survival (p = 0.000000029). We discuss the mechanism of clonal vs. subclonal neoantigen targeting relationship to homologous recombination proficient (HRP) profile, evidence of preclinical and clinical benefit related to clonal neoantigens, and review a novel developing therapy called Vigil®, designed to expand the clonal neoantigen targeting effector cell populations. Vigil® is an autologous cellular immunotherapy which is designed to carry the full set of personal clonal neoantigens. Phase 2b results demonstrate a durable recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) advantage for Vigil® in a subset ovarian cancer population with an HRP cancer profile.

Ensuring Safe Transfusion Practices through Haemovigilance: India vis-a-vis Global Scenario.

Haemovigilance is the monitoring of the essential components of blood transfusion from its initial stages to the final outcome considering all the safety parameters and hazards that co-exist with it. It primarily aims to ensure the quality as well as safety related to the use of blood and blood products utilizing the standard healthcare framework and a tailored vigilance program for efficient outcomes. Initially, the art of vigilance was started with the therapeutic products available in the market giving some groundbreaking data on their safety which later led to the implementation of timely measures to control adverse events significantly. Several incidents have occurred during the collection, transport, storage, and transfusion of blood and to stop these incidences of hazard, haemovigilance came into existence with France becoming the first country to step in followed by several nations across the world with customized guidelines directing it to the best. The majorly reported problems include bacterial infections, hemolytic and immune reactions. The present writeup reviews the inception and development of haemovigilance programs with a global scenario, a detailed study of the haemovigilance program adopted in India, and the updated status of these programs in various countries across the globe.

Impacto pronóstico de la utilización intensiva de tecnologías complementarias intraoperatorias en gliomas cerebrales. Revisión de la literatura y presentación de 1 caso

Introducción: El manejo de los gliomas cerebrales durante las últimas cuatro décadas ha sufrido cambios relevantes en su estudio y tratamiento. Dentro de estos cambios se encuentra el desarrollo de técnicas imagenológicas, neurofisiológicas e histopatológicas. El presente trabajo intenta estimar el impacto que la utilización de dichas tecnologías ha tenido sobre el pronóstico de los pacientes. Material y método: Revisión exhaustiva de la literatura en medios digitales e impresos abarcando mayormente publicaciones y comunicaciones desde la década de 1980 hasta el presente. Se expone 1 caso sometido recientemente a cirugía por los autores en el que se utilizaron varias de estas herramientas, presentando el análisis que se llevó a cabo en la planificación quirúrgica. Resultados: La literatura muestra mejorías consistentes pero discretas en el pronóstico asociado al uso de tecnologías complementarias intraoperatorias en gliomas cerebrales, relacionadas a la ayuda que prestarían en la extensión de la resección tumoral y en la preservación funcional. Conclusiones: La utilización intensiva de las tecnologías complementarias descritas parece recomendable si la planificación quirúrgica anticipa beneficios fundados en cuanto a morbi-mortalidad para un paciente en particular. Se debe ser cauto en anticipar y generalizar el impacto pronóstico global que puedan tener, beneficio que es consistente en la literatura pero que en estos momentos parece modesto en términos generales en especial para gliomas de alto grado.

Introduction: The management of cerebral gliomas during the last four decades has undergone relevant changes in terms of its study and treatment. Among these changes is the development of imaging, neurophysiological and histopathological techniques. The present study attempts to estimate the impact that the use of these technologies has had on the prognosis of patients. Material and Method: Comprehensive review of the literature in digital and print media covering mostly publications and communications from the 1980s to the present. 1 case recently submitted to surgery by the authors in which several of these tools were used is exposed, presenting the analysis that was carried out in the surgical planning. Results: The literature shows consistent but discrete improvements in the prognosis associated with the use of intraoperative complementary technologies in cerebral gliomas, related to the help they would provide in the extension of tumor resection and functional preservation. Conclusions: The intensive use of the complementary technologies described seems advisable if surgical planning anticipates well-founded benefits in terms of morbidity and mortality for a particular patient. Caution should be exercised in anticipating and generalizing the global prognostic impact they may have, a benefit that is consistent in the literature but currently seems modest in general terms especially for high grade gliomas.

Dying a 'Good' Death: The Work, Care, and Support of End-of-Life Doulas.

End-of-life doulas (EOLDs) are a growing population of care providers who focus on the wishes of the dying person in order to cultivate an environment of comfort, peace, and support from the point of terminal diagnosis, during the dying process, and following death. The purpose of this study was to document the time commitment of EOLDs to dying persons and their loved ones during the dying process, as well as their experiences navigating family dynamics working towards increased acceptance of death. A mixed-methods approach was utilized to gather data on EOLDs, consisting of a quantitative survey with 618 respondents and subsequent qualitative interviews conducted with 39 participants. Results indicated that the amount of time spent with dying persons and their loved ones varies widely and often depends on when the EOLD is contracted regarding services. Factors that impede and lead to great acceptance of death are discussed as well as the role of EOLDs in navigating family dynamics.

Efficacy and safety of Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) immunotherapy for advanced ovarian carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

In recent years, many clinical trials have shown the safety and efficacy of Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) in the treatment of advanced OC patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the safety and efficacy of Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) in the first-line maintenance of advanced ovarian carcinoma based on the randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) immunotherapy for advanced ovarian carcinoma were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science up to December 31, 2021. The following study characteristics were investigated: baseline study characteristics, overall survival, recurrence free survival, recurrence free survival median time, and complication. A total of 36 articles were obtained, and seven suitable RCTs with a total sample size of 322 patients were eventually included in this meta-analysis. Overall survival (OS): from time of randomization: HR=0.48 (95% CI: 0.32 to 0.72), Z=3.55, P<0.001; from time of tissue procurement: HR=0.51 (95% CI: 0.33 to 0.78), Z=3.07, P=0.002. Recurrence free survival (RFS): from time of randomization: HR=0.43 (95% CI: 0.30 to 0.62), Z=4.61, P<0.001; from time of tissue procurement: HR=0.45 (95% CI: 0.31 to 0.65), Z=4.26, P<0.001. RFS median time: from time of randomization: HR=1.57 (95% CI: 1.16 to 2.11), Z=2.95, P=0.003; from time of tissue procurement: HR=2.16 (95% CI: 1.12 to 4.17), Z=2.29, P=0.022. This study found that Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) immunotherapy provided significant OS and RFS benefits, particularly in advanced OC patients with BRCA wild type. At the same time, treatment with the Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) is safer than other treatment modalities and does not have any toxic effects. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42022300367).

'It's Not Like in the Films': Bereaved People's Experiences of the Deathbed Vigil.

This paper explores how people enact and experience the deathbed vigil when someone close to them is dying. It draws on qualitative interviews with 34 bereaved people carried out as part of a wider study exploring public perceptions of death and dying. Participants were aware of the expectation that they would attend the deathbed and did their best to do so. Findings are reported using four themes: gathering, enacting the deathbed vigil, experiencing the deathbed vigil and moment of death. Participants' experiences varied. Some families kept vigil as a group, while others established a shift system or waited alone. Activities at the bedside included reading to the dying person, talking amongst themselves, sharing memories, saying goodbye. The covid-19 pandemic highlighted families' wish to accompany their dying relatives.

Pilot Study of Combination Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) and Durvalumab in Women With Relapsed BRCA-wt Triple-Negative Breast or Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) is a triple-function autologous tumor cell immunotherapy which expresses granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and decreases expression of furin and downstream TGF-ß1 and TGF-ß2. Vigil has suggested survival benefit in frontline maintenance ovarian cancer patients who are BRCA-wt. In addition, Vigil demonstrates relapse-free and overall survival advantage in homologous recombination-proficient patients with OC. Further evidence of clinical benefit and safety has been demonstrated in combination with atezolizumab. Methods: In this pilot study (NCT02725489), the concurrent combination of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor durvalumab and Vigil was explored in advanced BRCA-wt relapsed triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients and stage III-IV recurrent/refractory OC patients. Patients received the combination regimen of Vigil (1 × 10e6-10e7 cells/dose intradermally, up to 12 doses) and durvalumab (1500 mg/dose intravenous infusion, up to 12 months) once every 4 weeks. The primary objective was to evaluate safety of this combination. The study included 13 BRCA-wt patients (TNBC, n = 8; OC, n = 5). Results: The most common treatment-emergent adverse events (⩾20%) in all patients included injection-site reaction (92.3%), myalgia (38.5%), bruise at injection site (23.1%), and pruritus (23.1%). Three grade 3 treatment-related adverse events were observed and related to durvalumab. There were no grade 4/5 treatment-related adverse events. Median progression-free survival was 7.1 months and the median overall survival was not reached. Prolonged progression-free survival was improved in patients with PD-L1+ tumors (n = 8, hazard ratio = 0.304, 95% confidence interval, 0.0593-1.56, 1-sided P = .04715) compared with those with PD-L1- tumors. Conclusions: Vigil plus durvalumab was well tolerated and showed promising clinical activity in advanced BRCA-wt TNBC and stage III-IV recurrent/refractory OC patients.

'Without Them, There Would Be Almost Nothing' - Experiences of Interacting With Volunteers in Everyday Life in Nursing Homes - Perspectives of Residents and Next of Kin.

The study's aim is to explore the experiences of nursing home residents and their next of kin related to interacting with volunteers in daily life and when the resident's death is imminent. Qualitative data consisted of 130 hours of participant observations in three nursing homes and 13 interviews with five residents and eight next of kin. A thematic analysis identified three themes: (1) Social everyday activities - a frame for responsiveness and meaningful everydayness - reflecting the existential dimension of these activities; (2) Time - contrasting volunteers' time for care activities and bedside support to dying residents with professionals' time for similar activities; and (3) Valuable relief when death is imminent - inherent ethical dilemmas - reflecting potential tension between the valuable relief volunteers provide and the preferences of residents and their next of kin. Volunteers can promote and improve a holistic palliative care approach for residents in nursing homes.

Long-Term Follow-Up of Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) Survival and Molecular Signals of Immune Response in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.

AIM: To determine the relationship between gene expression profile (GEP) and overall survival (OS) by NanoString following treatment with Vigil. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Recurrent ovarian cancer patients (n = 21) enrolled in prior clinical trials. RESULTS: GEP stratified by TISHIGH vs. TISLOW demonstrated OS benefit (NR vs. 5.8 months HR 0.23; p = 0.0379), and in particular, MHC-II elevated baseline expression was correlated with OS advantage (p = 0.038). Moreover, 1-year OS was 75% in TISHIGH patients vs. 25% in TISLOW (p = 0.03795). OS was also correlated with positive γ-IFN ELISPOT response, 36.8 vs. 23.0 months (HR 0.19, p = 0.0098). CONCLUSION: Vigil demonstrates OS benefit in correlation with TISHIGH score, elevated MHC-II expression and positive γ-IFN ELISPOT in recurrent ovarian cancer patients.

Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) immunotherapy demonstrates clinical benefit in homologous recombination proficient (HRP) ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Recently, Vigil showed significant clinical benefit with improvement in relapse free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in pre-planned subgroup analysis in stage III/IV newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients with BRCA wild type (BRCA-wt) molecular profile. Here we analyze homologous recombination (HR) status of patients enrolled in the Phase 2b VITAL study and determine clinical benefit of Vigil in HR proficient (P) patients. METHODS: Patients were previously enrolled in a Phase 2b, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. All were in complete response with Stage III/IV high grade serious, endometroid or clear cell ovarian cancer. HR status was determined using MyChoice®CDx score (<42 = HRP) (Myriad Genetics, Inc., UT). Post-hoc analyses were carried out using Kaplan Meier and restricted mean survival time (RMST) analysis to evaluate RFS and OS based on HR deficiency (D) status. RESULTS: RFS was improved with Vigil (n = 25) in HRP patients compared to placebo (n = 20) (HR = 0.386; 90% CI 0.199-0.750; p = 0.007), results were verified by RMST (p = 0.017). Similarly, OS benefit was observed in Vigil group compared to placebo (HR = 0.342; 90% CI 0.141-0.832; p = 0.019). Results with OS were also verified with RMST (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: Vigil exhibited clinical benefit in HRP molecular profile patients.

Current Ovarian Cancer Maintenance Strategies and Promising New Developments.

While ovarian cancer typically responds well to front line treatment, many patients will relapse within 5 years. Treatment options are less effective at each recurrence highlighting the need for novel maintenance therapies. PolyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have recently gained approval in ovarian cancer maintenance. Niraparib was approved regardless of BRCA mutation status, however impact on overall survival is limited. Oliparib was approved for BRCA mutant and BRCA wildtype/homologous recombination deficient patients. This review will focus on current frontline ovarian cancer treatment as well molecularly based approaches to ovarian cancer management.

Manejo de vía aérea en pandemia. Caso clínico / Difficult airway during pandemia: Case report

We present a 38 years female patient with known difficult airway associated with an important anatomic deformation due to a tumoral removal back in 2014 (maxilectomy). This patient was scheduled for a new tumoral resection at the base of the skull, which was considered a potential regrowth of her maxilar sinus cancer, and because of that, the surgery admitted no delays. A multi-disciplinary approach is convenied and an AFOI with topical airway anesthesia and dexmedetomidine sedation is planned to secure the airway during surgery. The main Objective was to optimize the protective measures against SARS CoV2 transmission while securing spontaneous ventilation and patient collaboration during the procedure. To achieve this it was necessary a complex and multi-disciplinary teamwork between de intervening personal. Eventually the airway approach was successful and the surgery was carried out uneventfully. The patient was extubate and taken to the post anesthesia care unit with no recall nor sequel of the procedure.

Presentamos un caso de una paciente de 38 años con predictores de vía aérea dificultosa anticipada, asociada a importante alteración anatómica secundaria a maxilectomía, por patología tumoral, en el año 2014. Actualmente, se sometió a resección tumoral de base de cráneo, considerada una patología no diferible (tiempo sensible) en el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19. Decidimos aplicar un plan de manejo multidisciplinario e intubación orotraqueal vigil mediante fibrobroncoscopia asociada a sedación superficial con dexmedetomidina y anestesia tópica. El objetivo principal fue maximizar las medidas de seguridad, manteniendo la ventilación espontánea y colaboración de la paciente durante el procedimiento. Finalmente, resultó exitoso, siendo la paciente extubada en el quirófano pasando luego a la Unidad de Recuperación Postanestésica, sin manifestar recuerdos ni secuelas del procedimiento realizado para concluir su postoperatorio en sala común.

Campanhas educativas de controle do tabagismo: do vício moral ao estilo de vida saudável / Educational smoking control campaigns: from moral addiction to healthy lifestyle / Campañas educativas de control de fumadores: de la adicción moral al estilo de vida saludable

Este artigo é resultado do trabalho de pesquisa sobre a produção das campanhas antitabagistas de governo e sobre a forma com que foram apropriados pela população. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar como essas campanhas foram pensadas em relação aos princípios de comunicação e saúde pressupostos pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. A expectativa foi problematizar a questão numa perspectiva interdisciplinar. Analisamos documentos a partir dos preceitos teóricos e metodológicos da Semiologia dos Discursos Sociais. Concluiu-se que foram criadas campanhas alarmistas, pautadas na imputação do medo e na vigília moral, que acabaram por se distanciar da ideia de uma comunicação em saúde pública dialógica, informativa e participativa.

This article is the result of a research on the use of the concept of aversion in the production of government anti-smoking campaigns and how they were appropriated by the population. Our objective was to evaluate how these campaigns were conceived in relation to the principles of communication and health presupposed by the Unified Health System. The expectation was to problematize the issue from an interdisciplinary perspective. We analyze documents from the theoretical and methodological precepts of Semiology of Social Discourses. It was concluded that alarmist campaigns were created, based on the imputation of fear and on moral vigilance, which eventually distanced these actions from the principles of communication in dialogic, informative and participatory public health.

Este artículo es el resultado del trabajo de investigación sobre la utilización del concepto de aversión en la producción de las campañas antitabaco de gobierno y sobre la forma en que fueron apropiados por la población. Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar cómo estas campañas fueron pensadas en relación a los principios de comunicación y salud presupuestados por el Sistema Único de Salud. La expectativa fue problematizar la cuestión desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria. Analizamos documentos a partir de los preceptos teóricos y metodológicos de la Semiología de los Discursos Sociales. Se concluyó que se crearon campañas alarmistas, pautadas en la imputación del miedo y en la vigilia moral, que acabaron por distanciarse de la idea de una comunicación en salud pública dialógica, informativa y participativa.

Experiencia emocional percibida por pacientes sometidos a craneotomía con despertar intraoperatorio / Emotional experience perceived by patients undergoing craniotomy with intraoperative awakening / Experiência emocional percebida por pacientes submetidos à craniotomia com despertar intraoperatório

Resumen: Introducción: la craneotomía vigil para el tratamiento de tumores cerebrales en áreas elocuentes es una técnica que se realiza en forma cada vez más frecuente. Sin embargo, muy poca literatura se ha publicado en referencia a cómo percibe el paciente esta experiencia que podría parecer estresante. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la experiencia emocional de los pacientes sometidos a despertar intraoperatorio para el tratamiento de los gliomas. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión retrospectiva de 16 pacientes operados entre enero de 2015 y octubre de 2017, a los cuales se les efectuó una craneotomía con despertar intraoperatorio. Se identificaron 6 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Posteriormente a la cirugía se realizó, en una primera instancia, encuestas estandarizadas en donde se evaluó: datos sociodemográficos, nivel de ansiedad durante el despertar intraoperatorio, miedo a la anestesia y nivel de información de la enfermedad. En una segunda instancia, se le realizó una entrevista subjetiva por parte de un Licenciado en Psicología. Resultados: De los datos sociodemográficos obtuvimos que el 67% son hombres, y que la media de edad era de 30,66 años. En cuanto a la ansiedad observamos que el 60% de los pacientes tenían un nivel de ansiedad bajo, el 40% un nivel de ansiedad medio, y destacamos que ningún paciente tuvo un nivel de ansiedad alto. Con respecto al miedo a la anestesia y acto quirúrgico el 67% no tuvo miedo, mientras que el 37% restante afirman tenerlo, y los motivos más frecuentes para ello fueron: a morir, y a quedar con secuelas. En cuanto al nivel de información que fue proporcionada por el médico, en un 17% fue excelente, 33% muy completa, el 33% indicaron que la información fue suficiente y el 17% restante indica que la misma fue escasa. Conclusión: Destacamos que la cirugía con despertar intraoperatorio es bien tolerada. De las lecciones prácticas aprendidas enfatizamos la importancia de la entrevista preoperatoria en donde se explican con detalle el objetivo del procedimiento y cuáles son los pasos a seguir, para de esta manera maximizar la cooperación.

Abstract: Introduction: awake craniotomy for brain tumors surgery is a technique that is performed for tumors located on eloquent areas. However, a few articles has been published in reference to how the patient perceives this experience. Our objective is to describe the emotional experience of patients undergoing intraoperative awakening for the treatment of gliomas. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of 16 patients operated between January 2015 and October 2017, who underwent awake craniotomy. Six patients who met the inclusion criteria were identified. After the surgery, standardized surveys were carried out, in the first instance, where the following were evaluated: sociodemographic data, level of anxiety during intraoperative awakening, fear of anesthesia and level of information about the disease. In a second instance, a subjective interview was conducted by a Psychologist. Results: There were 4 mans and 2 womens with average age was 30.66 years. Regarding anxiety, we observed that 60% of patients had a low anxiety level, 40% had a medium level of anxiety, and we emphasized that no patient had a high level of anxiety. Regarding the fear of anesthesia and surgery, 67% were not afraid, while the remaining 37% claim to have fear of death or sequelae. Regarding the level of information that was provided by the doctor, 17% was excellent, 33% very complete, 33% indicated that the information was sufficient and the remaining 17% indicated that it was scarce. Conclusion: We emphasize that surgery with intraoperative awakening is well tolerated. From the practical lessons learned we emphasize the importance of the preoperative interview where the objective of the procedure is explained in detail and which are the steps to follow, in order to maximize cooperation.

Resumo: Introdução: A craniotomia de vigília para o tratamento de tumores cerebrais em áreas eloqüentes é uma técnica cada vez mais realizada. No entanto, muito pouca literatura foi publicada em referência a como o paciente percebe essa experiência que pode parecer estressante. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a experiência emocional de pacientes submetidos ao despertar intraoperatório para o tratamento de gliomas. Materiais e Métodos: Revisão retrospectiva de 16 pacientes operados entre janeiro de 2015 e outubro de 2017, submetidos à craniotomia com despertar intraoperatório. Foram identificados seis pacientes que preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Após a cirurgia, em primeira instância, foram realizados inquéritos padronizados, nos quais foram avaliados: dados sociodemográficos, nível de ansiedade durante o despertar intraoperatório, medo da anestesia e nível de informação sobre a doença. Em um segundo momento, uma entrevista subjetiva foi conduzida por um Bacharel em Psicologia. Resultados: A partir dos dados sociodemográficos, obtivemos que 67% são homens e a idade média foi de 30,66 anos. Em relação à ansiedade, observamos que 60% dos pacientes apresentavam baixo nível de ansiedade, 40% apresentavam nível médio de ansiedade e enfatizamos que nenhum paciente apresentava alto nível de ansiedade. Com relação ao medo da anestesia e da cirurgia, 67% não temeram, enquanto os 37% restantes afirmaram tê-lo, e os motivos mais frequentes foram: morrer e ficar com seqüelas. Em relação ao nível de informação que foi fornecido pelo médico, 17% foi excelente, 33% muito completo, 33% indicaram que a informação era suficiente e os 17% restantes indicaram que esta era escassa. Conclusão: Enfatizamos que a cirurgia com despertar intraoperatório é bem tolerada. A partir das lições práticas aprendidas, enfatizamos a importância da entrevista pré-operatória, onde o objetivo do procedimento é explicado em detalhes e quais são os passos a seguir, a fim de maximizar a cooperação.

Intervención cognitivo-conductual para trastornos del sueño en adultos mayores / Cognitive-behavioral intervention on senior adults with sleep disorders / Intervenção cognitivo-comportamental para transtornos do sono em idosos

Los trastornos del sueño en el adulto mayor son un problema manifestado con frecuencia, que afecta la calidad de vida y tiene impacto en los costos y el cuidado de salud. La actual forma de manejo de estos problemas se relaciona con prescripciones de fármacos, los cuales tienen efectos secundarios y aumenta su vulnerabilidad. En este contexto, el objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la efectividad de una intervención cognitivo y conductual, que pretende mejorar el sueño mediante el cambio de los hábitos deficientes, así como el desafío de los pensamientos, las actitudes y las creencias negativas acerca del mismo. El método incluyó intervenciones cognitivo-conductuales grupales, con evaluaciones pre y post intervención. Los resultados indican una media de 9 (Pittsburgh) al inicio del programa y 4.9 al finalizar. Se concluye que la intervención a corto plazo consigue cambios significativos en hábitos e higiene del sueño. Esta investigación orienta a los profesionales de enfermería en la aplicación de estrategias hacia el bienestar del adulto mayor y el desarrollo de la disciplina en el marco del fortalecimiento de cuidados esenciales y fundamentales en procesos vitales.

Sleep disorders among senior adults are a frequent problem which has important impacts on their quality of life, and the costs of healthcare. The current management of these disorders is based on drug prescriptions, which in turn, have secondary effects and also enhance underlying conditions and vulnerabilities. Within this context, the objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral intervention aimed at improving the quality of sleep of these persons by modifying negative habits, thoughts, and beliefs. The method included group cognitive-behavioral interventions with pre and post assessments. The corresponding results showed a mean of 9 (Pittsburg) at the beginning of the program, and a mean of 4.9 at the end. It was thus concluded that the intervention, in the short term, helped to achieve significant improvements in relation to the sleep hygiene of these persons. This study can orient nursing professionals to establish strategies aimed at the wellbeing of senior adults; all within the vital processes and essential care strengthening framework.

Os transtornos do sono no idoso são um problema manifestado com frequência e que afeta a qualidade de vida e tem impacto nos custos e no cuidado de saúde. A atual forma de manejo destes problemas relaciona-se com prescrições de fármacos, os quais têm efeitos secundários e aumenta sua vulnerabilidade. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar a efetividade de uma intervenção cognitivo e comportamental, que pretende melhorar o sono mediante a mudança dos hábitos deficientes, assim como o desafio dos pensamentos, as atitudes e as crenças negativas acerca de si próprio. O método incluiu intervenções cognitivo-comportamentais grupais, com avaliações pre e post intervenção. Os resultados indicam uma média de 9 (Pittsburg) ao início do programa e 4.9 para finalizar. Conclui-se que a intervenção a curto prazo consegue câmbios significativos em hábitos e higiene do sono. Esta pesquisa orienta aos profissionais de enfermagem na aplicação de estratégias para o bem-estar do idoso e do desenvolvimento da disciplina no marco do fortalecimento de cuidados essenciais e fundamentais em processos vitais.

Sonhando na sessão: comunicação primitiva e constituição do espaço psíquico / Dreaming in the session / Soñando en la sesión / Rêver dans la séance

Neste trabalho, um paciente que nunca sonhou começa a dormir e a sonhar nas sessões, sempre acompanhado pelas interpretações da analista, que visam a articular as cenas desconexas dos sonhos, para que ele possa dar significado a suas experiências emocionais e se apropriar de seus recursos psíquicos - desde a discriminação de seus impulsos e sentimentos, até a consciência de como utilizá-los em suas relações objetais. Em análises de pacientes cuja comunicação é predominantemente muito primitiva, a autora propõe que o analista privilegie a escuta e a apropriação dos recursos psíquicos. Ela acredita que, se o analista favorecesse prematuramente algumas interpretações nas quais fosse ressaltada a transferência, a análise resultaria em impasses, e isso poderia comprometer a constituição e ampliação do espaço psíquico do analisando, procedimento básico para futuros desenvolvimentos. Serão apresentadas vinhetas clínicas referentes a um paciente de 47 anos, em análise há cinco. Nesse material, as interpretações visam à apropriação, pelo paciente, de seus recursos singulares. Essas interpretações predominam sobre as transferenciais, as quais, pouco a pouco, podem surgir.

This paper is about a patient who had not dreamed until he started sleeping and dreaming during the psychoanalytic sessions. The analyst makes interpretations on these dreams in order to articulate the disconnected scenes of the patient's dreams. It enables this patient to give meaning to his emotional experiences and hence he becomes capable of appropriating his psychological resources: from his impulses and feelings to his awareness of how to apply them in object relationships. In the analysis of patients whose communication is mostly very primitive, the author suggests that psychoanalysts should prioritize the listening and the patient's appropriation of psychological resources. If the analyst prematurely preferred some interpretations that emphasized transference, the analysis would result in impasses, the author believes. This preference might compromise both constitution and expansion of the analysand's psychological space which is the basic process for future development. The author brings clinical vignettes of a 47 year old patient who has been in analysis for 5 years. In these vignettes, the purpose of the interpretations is the patient's appropriation of his unique resources. These analyst's interpretations prevail over transferential interpretations which may gradually happen later.

En este trabajo, la autora presenta el caso de un paciente, que antes nunca había soñado, que comienza a dormir y a soñar en las sesiones, acompañado por las interpretaciones de la analista dirigidas a articular las escenas desconectadas de los sueños, para que él pueda dar significado a sus experiencias emocionales y apropiarse de sus recursos psíquicos - desde la discriminación de sus impulsos y sentimientos, como también, la conciencia del uso que hace de ellos en las relaciones objetales - constituyendo, así, su espacio mental. En análisis de pacientes que tienen un tipo de comunicación muy primitiva, la autora propone que el analista priorice la escucha y la apropiación, por parte del paciente, de sus recursos psíquicos. Desde su punto de vista, si el analista hiciera, prematuramente, interpretaciones basadas en la transferencia, eso no sólo podría llevar a impasses en el análisis, como también podría comprometer la constitución del espacio psíquico del paciente, que es fundamental para que ocurran desarrollos futuros. Presenta material clínico de un paciente de 43 años, que está en análisis hace cinco años. En este material, las interpretaciones están dirigidas a que el paciente pueda apropiarse de sus recursos psíquicos singulares. Ese tipo de interpretaciones predominan sobre las interpretaciones transferenciales que irán surgiendo poco a poco.

Dans ce travail, un patient qui n'a jamais rêvé commence à dormir et à rêver pendant les séances, accompagné toujours des interprétations de l'analyste, qui visent à articuler les scènes disjointes des rêves, afin qu'il puisse donner un sens à ses expériences émotionnelles et s'approprier de ses ressources psychiques - dès la discrimination de ses impulsions et de ses sentiments, jusqu'à la prise de conscience de comment les utiliser dans ses relations d'objet. Dans les analyses de patients dont la communication est surtout très primitive, l'auteur propose que l'analyste privilégie l'écoute et l'appropriation des ressources psychiques. Elle croit que, si l'analyste favorisait prématurément certaines interprétations dans lesquelles le transfert était mis en relief, l'analyse entraînerait des impasses et cela pourrait compromettre la constitution et l'expansion de l'espace psychique du patient, une procédure de base pour des développements futurs. On présente des vignettes cliniques concernant un patient âgé de 43 ans, qui est en cours d'analyse il y a 5 ans. Dans ces exemples, les interprétations visent à que le patient s'approprie de ses propres ressources singulières. Ces interprétations prédominent sur les transférentielles qui peuvent surgir peu à peu.

Family Care During End-of-Life Vigils.

An end-of-life vigil is the act of being with another toward death. A family vigil at end-of-life occurs when significant others gather by the bedside of dying individuals in the weeks, days, or hours prior to the death event. It is not unusual for nurses to be present, bear witness, and share in this human experience. This article reviews seminal and current research regarding the meaning and structure of the lived experience of vigil keeping for a dying family member, and translates research to inform nurses regarding family care during the transition at end-of-life.