Association between age, gender, and oral traumatic ulcerative lesions: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Oral traumatic ulcerative lesions (OTUL) are commonly encountered in clinical practice, yet there is limited research on their clinical characteristics and traumatic etiological factors. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the age, gender, clinical characteristics, and traumatic etiological factors in a large cohort of patients with OTUL and provide valuable insights for dental clinicians to optimize patient care and prevention strategies. METHODS: A total of 1543 patients with OTUL were enrolled in this study. Age, gender, medical history, clinical characteristics and traumatic etiological factors were collected and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the significance of age and gender as factors related to OTUL. RESULTS: The study revealed significant variations in clinical characteristics and traumatic etiological factors among different age groups and between genders. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that both age and gender were significant factors related to OTUL. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of OTUL and traumatic etiological factors appear to be significantly different according to age and gender. More targeted prevention strategies should be implemented for all age and gender groups.

[Antioxidant activity of Euryale ferox seed shell extract and its therapeutic effects on oral ulcer in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of Euryale ferox seed shell extract on oral ulcer in rats and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: The contents of polyphenols and flavonoids in Euryale ferox seed shells were determined by Folin-phenol assay and aluminum nitrate colorimetry, respectively. DPPH·, ABTS+·, ·OH and·O2- scavenging experiments were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activities of Euryale ferox seed shell extract in vitro. In a rat model of oral ulcer induced by burning with glacial acetic acid, the therapeutic effect of Euryale ferox seed shell extract was assessed by detecting changes in serum levels of oxidative factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and observing pathological changes of the ulcerous mucosa using HE staining; the therapeutic mechanism of the extract was explored by detecting the expression levels of Keap1, Nrf2, Nes-Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in ulcerous mucosa using Western blotting. RESULTS: The ethyl acetate extract of Euryale ferox seed shells contained 306.74±1.04 mg/g polyphenols and 23.43±0.61 mg/g flavonoids and had IC50 values for scavenging DPPH· and ABTS+· free radicals of 3.42 ± 0.97 µg/mL and 3.32 ± 0.90 µg/mL, respectively. In the rat models, the ethyl acetate extract significantly ameliorated oral mucosal ulcer, increased serum CAT level, and decreased serum MDA level. The protein expression levels of Nes-Nrf2 and HO-1 were increased and Keap1 protein expression was lowered significantly in the ulcerous mucosa of the rats after treatment with the extract (P<0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effect of Euryale ferox seed shell extract on oral ulcers in rats is mediated probably by activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Impact of Thermo-Responsive N-Acetylcysteine Hydrogel on Dermal Wound Healing and Oral Ulcer Regeneration.

This study investigates the efficacy of a thermo-responsive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) hydrogel on wound healing and oral ulcer recovery. Formulated by combining NAC with methylcellulose, the hydrogel's properties were assessed for temperature-induced gelation and cell viability using human fibroblast cells. In vivo experiments on Sprague Dawley rats compared the hydrogel's effects against saline, NAC solution, and a commercial NAC product. Results show that a 5% NAC and 1% methylcellulose solution exhibited optimal outcomes. While modest improvements in wound healing were observed, significant enhancements were noted in oral ulcer recovery, with histological analyses indicating fully regenerated mucosal tissue. The study concludes that modifying viscosity enhances NAC retention, facilitating tissue regeneration. These findings support previous research on the beneficial effects of antioxidant application on damaged tissues, suggesting the potential of NAC hydrogels in improving wound care and oral ulcer treatment.

Pulchinenoside B4 ameliorates oral ulcers in rats by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites.

Pulchinenoside B4, a natural saponin monomer from the Pulsatilla plant, plays an important role as an immunomodulator in the treatment of acute inflammation. Oral ulcer (OU) is a common ulcerative injury disease that occurs in the oral mucosa, including mucosal ulceration and abnormalities of lips and tongue. A close correlation exists between gut microbiota and circulating metabolites in patients with OU. However, the correlation between gut microbiota and serum metabolomics is not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the changes in gut microbiota and metabolites in OU. The 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing was used to detect the changes in the composition of gut microbiota in OU rat model. Moreover, the endogenous small metabolites were explored by collecting the non-targeted serum metabolomics data. A total of 34 OU-related biomarkers were identified, mainly related to fatty acid metabolism and inflammatory pathways. The administration of B4 effectively reduced the occurrence of OU and restored the levels of multiple endogenous biomarkers and key gut microbial species to the normal level. This study demonstrated that the gut microbiota and metabolites were altered in the OU rat model, which were significantly restored to the normal level by B4, thereby showing good application prospects in the treatment of OU. KEY POINTS: • The first investigating the correlation between OU and gut microbiota. • A close correlation between metabolites and gut microbiota in OU disease was successfully identified. • Pulchinenoside B4 ameliorates oral ulcers in rats by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites.

Cross Lip Vermilion Flap and Traumatic Upper Lip Avulsion: Reducing Donor Site Morbidity.

Using a cross lip vermilion flap for upper red lip reconstruction in cases other than whistle deformity in patients with cleft lip can lead to donor site morbidity. If the practitioner performs primary closure of the mucosa in lower vermilion after flap harvesting, the width and height of lower lip are reduced, which results in an increased lower incisor tooth show. Using free fat grafting is an effective method for reducing donor site morbidity in the lower lip following cross lip vermilion flap harvest.

Oral ulcer treatment using human tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in trimethyl chitosan hydrogel: an animal model study.

BACKGROUND: Oral ulcers are a common side effect of chemotherapy and affect patients' quality of life. While stem cell transplantation is a potential treatment for oral ulcers, its efficacy is limited as the stem cells tend to remain in the affected area for a short time. This study aims to develop a treatment for oral ulcers by using trimethyl chitosan (TMC) hydrogel with human tonsil-derived stem cells (hTMSCs) to increase the therapeutic effect of stem cells and investigate their effectiveness. METHODS: Animals were divided into four experimental groups: Control, TMC hydrogel, hTMSCs, and hTMSCs loaded in TMC hydrogel (Hydrogel + hTMSCs) (each n = 8). Oral ulcers were chemically induced by anesthetizing the rats followed by injection of dilute acetic acid in the right buccal mucosa. After confirming the presence of oral ulcers in the animals, a single subcutaneous injection of 100 µL of each treatment was applied to the ulcer area. Histological analyses were performed to measure inflammatory cells, oral mucosal thickness, and fibrosis levels. The expression level of inflammatory cytokines was also measured using RT-PCR to gauge therapeutic the effect. RESULTS: The ulcer size was significantly reduced in the TMC hydrogel + hTMSCs group compared to the control group. The stem cells in the tissue were only observed until Day 3 in the hTMSCs treated group, while the injected stem cells in the TMC Hydrogel + hTMSCs group were still present until day 7. Cytokine analysis related to the inflammatory response in the tissue confirmed that the TMC Hydrogel + hTMSCs treated group demonstrated superior wound healing compared to other experimental groups. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that the adhesion and viability of current stem cell therapies can be resolved by utilizing a hydrogel prepared with TMC and combining it with hTMSCs. The combined treatment can promote rapid healing of oral cavity wounds by enhancing anti-inflammatory effects and expediting wound healing. Therefore, hTMSC loaded in TMC hydrogel was the most effective wound-healing approach among all four treatment groups prolonging stem cell survival. However, further research is necessary to minimize the initial inflammatory response of biomaterials and assess the safety and long-term effects for potential clinical applications.

Causal associations between estradiol and mouth ulcers: A Mendelian randomization study.

People have difficulty in eating and speaking when they are suffering from mouth ulcers. Some studies suggest that estradiol is associated with the development and treatment of mouth ulcers, while some do not. To clarify the effect of estradiol on mouth ulcers, we performed 2-sample Mendelian randomization and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis to evaluate their relationship. Data were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS project and UK biobank, including male estradiol dataset (case/controls = 13,367/134,323), female estradiol dataset (case/controls = 37,461/126,524), mouth ulcers dataset (case/controls = 47,102/414,011). The causal associations were estimated by MR-Egger, weighted median, inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, simple mode, and weighted mode. Cochran Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, MR-PRESSO tests, and leave-one-out analysis were used to examine sensitivity analyses. The MVMR controlling for depression, anxiety or panic attacks, severe stress and adjustment disorders was used to assess the effect of estradiol on mouth ulcers. Through screening, 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of males and 2 SNPs of females in estradiol were used for harmonizing and MR analysis. The 2-sample MR analysis showed no causal association between estradiol of males and mouth ulcers (IVW, OR: 0.998, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.995-1.001, P = .18). Similar results were obtained between estradiol of females and mouth ulcers (IVW, OR: 1.000, 95% CI: 0.988-1.012, P = .97). No pleiotropy and heterogeneity were found and the results were robust (P > .05). After adjusting for the potential effects of confounders, estradiol of males and mouth ulcers still showed no causal association through MVMR analysis (P = .081). While MVMR analysis showed that the causal relationship between estradiol and mouth ulcers in women could not be statistical for the small number of SNPs. There was no evidence of a causal relationship between estradiol and mouth ulcers. The strategy of treating mouth ulcers with estradiol still needs to be confirmed by more studies.

Adhesive hydrogel releases protocatechualdehyde-Fe3+ complex to promote three healing stages for accelerated therapy of oral ulcers.

Oral ulcers can significantly reduce the life quality of patients and even lead to malignant transformations. Local treatments using topical agents are often ineffective because of the wet and dynamic environment of the oral cavity. Current clinical treatments for oral ulcers, such as corticosteroids, have limitations and side effects for long-term usage. Here, we develop adhesive hydrogel patches (AHPs) that effectively promote the healing of oral ulcers in a rat model. The AHPs are comprised of the quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan, aldehyde-functionalized hyaluronic acid, and a tridentate complex of protocatechualdehyde and Fe3+ (PF). The AHPs exhibit tunable mechanical properties, self-healing ability, and wet adhesion on the oral mucosa. Through controlling the formula of the AHPs, PF released from the AHPs in a temporal manner. We further show that the AHPs have good biocompatibility and the capability to heal oral ulcers rapidly. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that the PF released from AHPs facilitated ulcer healing by suppressing inflammation, promoting macrophage polarization, enhancing cell proliferation, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition involving inflammation, proliferation, and maturation stages. This study provides insights into the healing of oral ulcers and presents an effective therapeutic biomaterial for the treatment of oral ulcers. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: By addressing the challenges associated with current clinical treatments for oral ulcers, the development of adhesive hydrogel patches (AHPs) presents an effective approach. These AHPs possess unique properties, such as tunable mechanical characteristics, self-healing ability, and strong adhesion to the mucosa. Through controlled release of protocatechualdehyde-Fe3+ complex, the AHPs facilitate the healing process by suppressing inflammation, promoting cell proliferation, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The study not only provides valuable insights into the healing mechanisms of oral ulcers but also introduces a promising therapeutic biomaterial. This work holds significant scientific interest and demonstrates the potential to greatly improve the treatment outcomes and quality of life for individuals suffering from oral ulcers.

Multifunctional hyaluronic acid/gelatin methacryloyl core-shell microneedle for comprehensively treating oral mucosal ulcers.

Oral ulceration is the most common oral mucosal disease. Oral mucosal ulcers are extremely painful, may interfere with eating and speaking, and potentially complicate systemic symptoms in severe cases. The humid and highly dynamic environment of the oral cavity makes local drug administration for treating oral mucosal ulcers challenging. To overcome these challenges, we designed and prepared a novel dissolving microneedle (MN) patch containing multiple drugs in a core-shell to promote oral ulcer healing. The MNs contained a methacrylate gelatin shell layer of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a hyaluronic acid (HA) core loaded with dexamethasone (DXMS), and zeolite imidazoline framework-8 (ZIF-8) encapsulated in the HA-based backplane. Progressive degradation of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) from the tip of the MN patch in the oral mucosa resulted in sustained bFGF release at the lesion site, significantly promoting cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Moreover, the rapid release of HA and, subsequently, DXMS inhibited inflammation, and the remaining MN backing after the tip dissolved behaved as a dressing, releasing ZIF-8 for its antimicrobial effects. This novel, multifunctional, transmucosal core-shell MN patch exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and pro-healing effects in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that it can promote oral ulcer healing.

Childhood adverse experiences and clinical manifestations in women with systemic lupus erythematosus.

BACKGROUND: Patients with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have a higher incidence of developing autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to associate the ACE with the clinical manifestations of SLE in adult women. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional observational analytical study in a sample of women diagnosed with SLE, whose data were collected through interviews and a review of medical records. The ACE were identified using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and were associated with sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as the presence of harm. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 97 women. In this study, significant associations were found between physical abuse and oral ulcers (p = .006) and nephritis (p = .032); between sexual abuse and Sjogren's syndrome (p = .024) and oral ulcers (p = .035); between physical neglect and photosensitivity (p = .024) and oral ulcers (p = .039); and between emotional neglect and diabetes mellitus (p = .033). CONCLUSION: Individuals with a positive history of ACE have significant associations with certain clinical manifestations of SLE and subtypes of ACE, underscoring the importance of preventing childhood trauma to improve adult health. Further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of ACE on adult health.

The effect of biopolymer gel derived from sugarcane on healing of traumatic oral ulcers: an experimental study.

PURPOSE: The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) is produced by the bacterium Zoogloea sp. and plays a positive role in tissue repair. The purpose of this study was to clinically and histologically compare the effects of EPS in the healing of traumatic oral ulcers in rats with the effects of triamcinolone. METHODS: Ulcers were induced in the oral mucous of 45 male Wistar rats, divided into three groups: control group, treated with triamcinolone, and treated with biopolymer gel. In the clinical evaluation, we considered the weight variation of the animals and the size of the lesion area, at baseline and on treatment days 1, 3 and 7. The histological parameters evaluated were the type and intensity of the inflammatory infiltration, the presence of necrosis and foreign body granuloma and the degree of re-epithelialization of the lesion. RESULTS: The reduction of the lesion area was greater in the animals treated with EPS, with no difference in the intensity of the inflammatory infiltration between the groups on days 3 and 7 of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that topical application of EPS in traumatic oral ulcers of rats promotes faster repair than triamcinolone ointment, without increasing the intensity of inflammatory infiltration under the lesion.

Clinical Efficacy of Chlorhexidine Gargle Combined with Recombinant Bovine Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Gel in the Treatment of Recurrent Oral Ulcers and Its Effects on Inflammatory Factors, Immune Function, and Recurrence Rate.

PURPOSE: To examine the clinical efficacy of a chlorhexidine gargle combined with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF) gel in the treatment of recurrent oral ulcers and its effects on inflammatory factors, immune function, and recurrence rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-six patients with recurrent oral ulcers were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (treatment with chlorhexidine gargle plus rb-bFGF gel) and control (treatment with chlorhexidine gargle alone) (n = 48 cases). The therapeutic efficacy, clinical improvement of symptoms, and recurrence rate within 3 months were compared between the two groups. Serum inflammatory factor and immune factor levels of patients in the two groups were measured before and after treatment. RESULTS: A statistically significantly higher total effective rate was found in patients of the experimental group (95.83%) versus the control group (81.25%) (p < 0.05). The time to onset of pain relief was shortened, the duration of pain relief was prolonged, and VAS scores for pain level were lower in the experimental than the control group (p < 0.05). Among patients in the experimental group, the number of oral ulcers and ulcer area decreased, and faster onset of pain relief and time until normal eating improved in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). Reduced levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were observed in the experimental vs the control group (p < 0.05). Elevated levels of CD3+, CD4+, and NKT and reduced levels of CD8+ were found in the experimental group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The ulcer recurrence rate of patients in the experimental group (8.33%) was notably lower in comparison to the control group (29.17%). CONCLUSION: Chlorhexidine gargle plus rb-bFGF gel can improve the clinical outcome of patients with recurrent oral ulcers. It can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, improve immune function, and reduce the recurrence rate.

A double-layer thin oral film for wet oral mucosa adhesion and efficient treatment of oral ulcers.

Oral ulceration (OU), a prevalent oral mucosal condition causing significant pain and hindering eating and speaking, adversely impacts the patient's quality of life. Topical medications are preferred for their minimal side effects and convenient administration. However, existing formulations generally present discomfort and insufficient drug retention due to the thick formulations and poor adhesion, which considerably restrict their therapeutic effectiveness. In this study, a thin and lightweight double-layer oral film based on FDA approved excipients with excellent adhesion under wet oral conditions and outstanding biocompatibility is successfully developed by a simple method. It consists of an adhesive layer for anchoring in situ to delivery drugs and a hydrophobic layer to isolate the saliva for unidirectional drug delivery. The double-layer oral film with extremely thin appearance (only 0.11 mm thick) offers excellent adhesion (up to 150 min on an SD rat oral ulceration), which was also matched with its drug release time (87.47% release in 2 h). Animal experiments confirmed that the double-layer oral film carrying dexamethasone sodium phosphate achieved satisfactory efficacy in the SD rat oral ulcer model. Hence, this biologically friendly double-layer thin oral film holds great promise for clinical application in topical drug therapy for oral mucosal conditions.

The expanding clinical spectrum of autoinflammatory diseases with NOD2 variants: a case series and literature review.

Objective: To assess the impact conferred by NOD2 variants on the clinical spectrum of patients with systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) in Greece. Methods: Consecutive patients (n=167) with confirmed SAIDs who underwent screening by next generation sequencing (NGS) targeting 26 SAID-associated genes, and carried at least one NOD2 gene variant, were retrospectively studied. The demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. Results: In total, 24 rare NOD2 variants in 23/167 patients (14%) were detected. Notably, 18 patients had at least one co-existing variant in 13 genes other than NOD2. Nine patients had juvenile- and 14 adult-onset disease. All patients presented with symptoms potentially induced by the NOD2 variants. In particular, the candidate clinical diagnosis was Yao syndrome (YAOS) in 12 patients (7% of the whole SAID cohort). The clinical spectrum of patients with YAOS (mean episode duration 8 days) was fever (n=12/12), articular symptoms (n=8), gastrointestinal symptoms (n=7; abdominal pain/bloating in 7; diarrhea in 4; oral ulcers in 3), serositis (n=7), and rash (n=5), while the inflammatory markers were elevated in all but one patient. Most of these patients showed a poor response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (n=7/9), colchicine (n=6/8) and/or anti-TNF treatment (n=3/4), while a complete response was observed in 6/10 patients receiving steroids and 3/5 on anti-IL1 treatment. Another 8 patients were diagnosed with either FMF (n=6) or PFAPA syndrome (n=2) presenting with prominent diarrhea (n=7), oral ulcers (n=2), periorbital swelling and sicca-like symptoms (n=1), or maculopapular rash (n=1). One patient had a clinically undefined SAID, albeit characterized by oral ulcers and diarrhea. Finally, one patient presented with chronic relapsing urticaria with periorbital edema and inflammatory markers, and another one had a Crohn-like syndrome with good response to anti-IL-1 but refractory to anti-TNF treatment. Conclusion: NOD2 variants were detected in 1 out of 7 SAID patients and seem to have an impact on disease phenotype and treatment response. Further studies should validate combined molecular and clinical data to better understand these distinct nosological entities.

[Metabolomics of interventional effects of Coptidis Rhizoma and its processed products on oral ulcer due to excess heat in rats].

Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) was employed to examine the impact of Coptidis Rhizoma(CR) and its processed products on the metabolism in the rat model of oral ulcer due to excess heat and to compare the effectiveness of CR and its three products. Male SD rats were randomly allocated to the sham-operation(Sham), model(M, oral ulcer due to excess heat), CR, wine/Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens/Euodiae Fructus processed CR(wCR/zCR/eCR), and Huanglian Shangqing Tablets(HST) groups. Except the Sham group, the other groups were administrated with Codonopsis Radix-Astragali Radix decoction by gavage for two consecutive weeks. The anal temperature and water consumption of rats were monitored throughout the modeling period of excess heat. Following the completion of the modeling, oral ulcer was modeled with acetic acid. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was employed to observe the mucosal pathological changes in oral ulcer. A colorimetric assay was employed to determine the serum level of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was conducted to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-1ß(IL-1ß), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the serum. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS was conducted on the serum samples. Metabolic profiles were then built, and the potential biomarkers were screened by principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA). The Mev software was used to establish a heat map and conduct cluster analysis on the quantitative results of the markers. The online databases including MBRole, KEGG, and MetaboAnalyst were used for pathway enrichment analysis and metabolic network building. The experimental results showed that the modeling led to pathological damage to the oral mucosa, elevated serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1ß, and MDA, and lowered levels of SOD and GSH-Px in rats. The drug administration recovered all the indices to varying extents, and wCR exhibited the best performance. Non-targeted metabolomics identified 48 differential metabolites including 27 metabolites in the positive ion mode and 21 metabolites in the negative ion mode. Five enriched pathways were common, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and tyrosine metabolism. Conclusively, CR and its three processed products could alleviate the inflammation and oxidative stress injury in rats suffering from oral ulcers due to excess heat by regulating lipid and amino acid metabolism. Notably, wCR demonstrated the most significant therapeutic effect.

Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia on the Tongue.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia, commonly known as Eosinophilic Ulcer, is a reactive solitary and self-limiting benign lesion. It manifests as a punched-out ulcer with a distinct surrounding indurated border, often raising concerns about malignancy. METHODS: A 44-year-old male presented with a painless, indurated tongue ulcer evolving over three months. Despite being asymptomatic, the patient underwent an incisional biopsy due to suspicions of oral squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS: Histological analysis revealed a disrupted epithelial lining, dense necrotic connective tissue, and a fibrino-purulent pseudomembrane. Proximal to the ulcer, a collar-like projection of reactive epithelial tissue hyperplasia was noted, accompanied by mononuclear cells and a predominantly histiocytic infiltrate in the submucosal layer surrounding skeletal muscle fibers. The final diagnosis was Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia. Remarkably, the lesion spontaneously healed within 2 weeks post-biopsy, with no recurrence over 6 months. CONCLUSION: This case emphasizes considering this benign condition in the differential diagnosis of oral ulcers, highlighting the importance of accurate histopathological evaluation to rule out cancer.