Successful treatment of a unique case of solitary primary iliopsoas abscess caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis: A case report.

RATIONALE: Iliopsoas abscess, mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, occurs via the bloodstream or spread from adjacent infected organs. Although a few cases regarding primary iliopsoas abscess caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) with accompanying disseminated foci have been reported to date, there has been no case report on solitary primary iliopsoas abscess caused by SDSE. PATIENT CONCERNS: An 85-year-old Japanese woman presented with worsening right hip pain and fever after an exercise. Hip computed tomography revealed a right iliopsoas abscess (iliac fossa abscess), and intravenous cefazolin was started as a treatment based on the creatinine clearance level on admission. DIAGNOSES: Blood cultures were positive for ß-hemolytic Lancefield group G gram-positive cocci arranged in long chains, which were identified as SDSE by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. No other disseminated foci were found upon performing whole computed tomography and transthoracic echocardiography. The patient was diagnosed with an SDSE solitary iliopsoas abscess. INTERVENTIONS: The antimicrobial was appropriately switched to intravenous ampicillin on day 2, with the dosage adjusted to 2 g every 6 hours based on the preadmission creatinine clearance, followed by oral amoxicillin (1500 mg, daily). OUTCOMES: The abscess disappeared without drainage on day 39, and the patient remained disease-free without recurrence or sequelae during a 6-month follow-up period. LESSONS: SDSE can cause a solitary primary iliopsoas abscess, which can be successfully treated with an appropriate dose of antimicrobials without draining the abscess.

Delayed iliopsoas abscess following COVID-19 pneumonia.

Bacterial co-infection has been reported to contribute to a poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. However, iliopsoas abscess (IPA) has not been previously reported as a comorbidity during the course of COVID-19. We report two cases of IPA in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Both patients required prolonged immunosuppressive therapy for COVID-19 pneumonia and developed bacteremia due to Serratia marcescens in one and Staphylococcus aureus in the other. Although immunosuppressive therapy is commonly used for COVID-19 pneumonia with hypoxemia, the comorbidity of IPA may have been underestimated in these cases.

Disseminated Tuberculosis in an Immunocompetent State: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is one of the major infectious diseases of mankind and remains a significant health concern, especially in developing countries. Clinical manifestations of TB are broad and sometimes very challenging for clinicians to diagnose early. Tuberculous psoas abscess was generally secondary to spinal tuberculosis or direct extension from adjacent structures in immunocompromised individuals, but tuberculous psoas abscess in the immunocompetent state is very infrequent. In addition, pancytopenia and new onset neck swelling simultaneously make this presentation a very unusual clinical entity in tuberculosis. CASE PRESENTATION: We now present a case of a 21-years-old, unmarried, otherwise healthy girl presented with fever, lower abdominal pain and weight loss for two months. She also noticed painless neck swelling for 15 days. She later had a tuberculous left sided psoas abscess with pancytopenia and a cold abscess on the left side of the neck with no sign of any other apparent focus, according to the evidence. Diagnosis of disseminated TB without lung involvement was established and ATT was started. The outcome was successful on follow up. CONCLUSION: Among the broad spectrum of atypical manifestations of TB, this case report draws attention to its rarity, diagnostic challenge and awareness of the clinical spectrum, especially in developing countries.

Nocardia elegans primary iliopsoas abscess: A case report and literature review.

Nocardia species are rare causative agents of psoas abscess, more frequently occurring as part of disseminated infection. Only sporadic cases have been reported so far, with Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia farcinica being the most common causative agents. Nocardia elegans is an opportunistic pathogen, accounting for only 0.3-0.6% of infections caused by Nocardia species, usually affecting the respiratory tract.In this study, a previously healthy 74-year-old man was admitted to the University Hospital of Heraklion with fever and intense pain radiating from the lumbar region to the groin and the left thigh, increasing with movement. Imaging findings revealed a large abscess in the left iliopsoas. Blood and pus aspirate cultures yielded a pure culture of Nocardia that was identified by 16S rRNA sequence as N. elegans. The patient was successfully treated with drainage of the abscess along with administration of ceftriaxone, linezolid and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. To our knowledge, this is the first report of iliopsoas abscess caused by N. elegans. Early, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment with drainage of the abscess and long-term administration of antimicrobial agents optimize the outcome.

Persistent bacteremia and psoas abscess caused by a lethal toxin-deficient Paeniclostridiumsordellii.

We present a case of persistent bacteremia and psoas abscess from Paeniclostridium sordellii without severe symptoms or the classically associated toxic shock syndrome. Further laboratory evaluation demonstrated that the Paeniclostridium sordellii isolate lacked the lethal toxin gene and there was no cytotoxicity to exposed Vero cells.

Literature review and case report of bilateral extensive psoas abscess: A rare case of spondylomyelitis with infection spread to Hunter's canal with a rare causative microorganism.

A 43-year-old male patient with underlying diabetes mellitus presented with lower abdominal pain radiating to left thigh. He was hemodynamically stable, but appeared lethargic. Both iliac fossae were tender, and crepitus appreciated along the anteromedial aspect of the left thigh. The patient initially responded well to treatment and was discharged; however, he was re-admitted several months later due to recurrent collection showing the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae in the culture and succumbed to sepsis due to deep-seated intramuscular abscess and lung empyema. In conclusion, psoas abscess is a condition that can mimic various pathologies related to the lower abdomen and, therefore, clinicians should always have a high index of suspicion to prevent a missed diagnosis. Early detection may yield good outcomes, if managed with adequate surgical drainage and appropriate antibiotics.

Rare case of osteomyelitis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis and Streptococcus parasanguinis in a postmenopausal woman.

Vertebral osteomyelitis is an infection of the vertebrae that can lead to spinal degeneration, most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus Here, we report an unusual case of pyogenic osteomyelitis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis and Streptococcus parasanguinis in a 61-year-old postmenopausal woman. The patient presented with a 2-week history of worsening lower back pain and fever and a recent episode of cystitis following re-engagement of sexual activity. Imaging revealed a deterioration of vertebrae discs and spinal canal stenosis at the L3-L4 levels with a formation of abscess in the right psoas muscle. Needle aspiration of the abscess identified G. vaginalis and S. parasanguinis and the patient was successfully treated with a 6-week course of ceftriaxone and metronidazole. This case describes an unusual coinfection of two pathogens that normally reside in the urogenital tract and oral cavity, respectively, and highlights the risk posed when these organisms breach the body's normal barriers.

Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Pyogenic Iliopsoas Abscesses: A Case Series from Jodhpur, India.

Early recognition of iliopsoas abscess is important for limiting morbidity and mortality. Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains an important cause of iliopsoas abscess in developing countries and most patients are initiated on empirical anti-tubercular therapy. In this context, methicillin- sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) as a cause of iliopsoas abscess is rare in India. Four cases were diagnosed with pyogenic iliopsoas abscesses caused by MSSA. Half of the patients had a typical clinical triad of fever, difficulty in walking and backache. Primary iliopsoas abscesses were present in three patients. All patients were managed with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics with a favourable outcome. MSSA as a cause of primary iliopsoas abscesses is rare in India. Early diagnosis of microbial aetiology also minimizes the non-judicial use of antibiotics and anti-tubercular therapy.

Lumbosacral spondylodiscitis complicated by sepsis, osteomyelitis, epidural abscess formation and deep vein thrombosis.

A 71-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of low back pain radiating to his right hip and thigh associated with lower limb weakness and constitutional symptoms. Imaging confirmed a lumbosacral spondylodiscitis at L2-3 and L5-S1 as well as a right-side psoas abscess which was treated with urgent CT-guided drainage and intravenous antibiotics. His admission was complicated by a number of issues, including the development of osteomyelitis with vertebral body destruction at multiple sites, epidural abscess formation and deep vein thrombosis. Additionally, the patient developed severe sepsis which necessitated admission to the intensive care unit. The patient's clinical condition improved gradually with intravenous antibiotics until he was well enough for transfer to a rehabilitation centre, where he underwent regular occupational and physical therapy. Repeat imaging showed overall resolution of the aforementioned pathologies and is currently being followed up by the spinal surgeons on an outpatient basis.

A Microbiologist's Mexico Trip Ends with Multiple Tiny Ring-Like Pelvic Abscesses.

BACKGROUND Iliacus muscle abscess is a rare condition that frequently presents with nonspecific clinical symptoms. Abscesses in the iliacus muscle can arise from contiguous spread from adjacent structures or from distant sites via hematogenous or lymphatic routes. CASE REPORT We report a case of iliacus muscle abscess in a 22-year-old female microbiologist who presented to the emergency department with severe back pain and lower-extremity weakness after returning from a trip to Mexico. She was found to have urinary tract infection due to Salmonella. The patient was found to have left iliacus muscle abscess and septic arthritis of the sacroiliac joint. She was initially treated with piperacillin-tazobactam, vancomycin, and metronidazole, which were later switched to intravenous ceftriaxone and oral levofloxacin. She was successfully treated with antibiotics, with a complete resolution of the multiple tiny abscesses. CONCLUSIONS Iliacus muscle abscess presents with nonspecific symptoms that can mimic neurologic diseases such as spinal cord compression. A high index of suspicion is required to make an early diagnosis and initiate prompt treatment with antibiotics and abscess drainage, if accessible. A detailed history is essential to assess risk factors and establish likely causative organisms. Delay in treatment can lead to an increase in morbidity and mortality. Long-term follow-up is crucial, as the incidence of relapse is high.

Absceso del psoas ilíaco: importancia del tratamiento percutáneo en una serie consecutiva de casos / Psoas abscess: importance of percutaneous drainage in a consecutive case series

Antecedentes: el absceso del psoas ilíaco es una entidad poco frecuente y de etiología variable. Su ubicación y cuadro clínico inespecífico la convierte en una entidad de difícil diagnóstico para el cirujano general. La oportunidad de tratar una serie de casos en un período de tiempo relativamente corto para este tipo de patología motivan esta comunicación. Objetivo: a partir de una serie consecutiva de casos, analizar etiología, clínica, y enfoque diagnóstico terapéutico, con especial énfasis en el drenaje percutáneo , como así también una sucinta revisión de la bibliografía reciente. Material y métodos: estudio observacional retrospectivo de una serie consecutiva de casos Resultados: la serie consta de 6 casos, 5 de tipo primario y 1 de tipo secundario. La signos más frecuentes fueron el dolor, la impotencia funcional y la leucocitosis. La Tomografía axial computada de abdomen con y sin contraste fue el método diagnóstico de elección. El drenaje percutáneo fue el tratamiento de elección en 5 casos (83,3%) mientras que en el restante se optó por antibioticoterapia y el drenaje de una colección adyacente. La evolución de todos los casos fue favorable. Conclusión: el absceso de psoas ilíaco es una patología que necesita un alto nivel de sospecha dada su clínica inespecífica. Para su diagnóstico, junto acon la clínica la Tomografía es el método de elección. El drenaje percutáneo de las colecciones bajo control tomográfico es un opción segura y eficaz para el tratamiento de esta entidad.

Background: The of the iliopsoas abscess is a rare entity with a variable etiology. Its location and nonspecific clinical features makes it becomes a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the general surgeon. The opportunity to treat a series of cases in a relatively short period of time motivates this communication. Objective: From a consecutive case series, we analyze etiology, clinical features , as well as diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, with special emphasis on percutaneous drainage, as well as a brief review of recent literature. Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of a consecutive series of six patients diagnosed with an ilipsoas abscess in a tertiary care center. Results: The series consists of 6 cases, 5 of primary type and 1 of secondary type. Pain, Limp and leucocitosis were the more prevalent signs; computed tomography of the abdomen was the diagnostic method of choice. Percutaneous drainage was the therapeutic option in 5 cases (83.3%), while in the remaining, antibiotic therapy and the drainage of an adjacent collection were indicated. The evolution of all cases was favorable with no mortality nor morbidity. Conclusion: The iliac psoas abscess is a pathology that needs a high level of suspicion given its nonspecific presentation. For diagnosis, together with the clinic, computed tomography is the method of choice. Percutaneous drainage of collection under tomographic control is a safe and effective option for the treatment of this entity.

Psoas abscess associated with aortic endograft infection caused by bacteremia of Listeria monocytogenes: A case report and literature review (CARE Complaint).

RATIONALE: Endograft infection following endovascular stent for aortic aneurysm is rare (0.6%-3%), but it results in high mortality rate of 25% to 88%. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 66-year-old hypertensive man underwent an endovascular stent graft for abdominal aortic aneurysm 18 months ago. Recurrent episodes of fever, chills, and abdominal fullness occurred 6 months ago before this admission. Laboratory data showed 20 mg/dL of C-reactive protein and abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed an aortic endoleak at an urban hospital, so 4-day course of intravenous (IV) amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was given and he was discharged after fever subsided. He was admitted to our hospital due to fever, chills, and watery diarrhea for 1 day. Abdominal CT showed left psoas abscess associated with endograft infection. Blood culture grew Listeria monocytogenes. DIAGNOSIS: Left psoas abscess associated with endograft infection caused by bacteremia of Listeria monocytogenes. INTERVENTIONS: IV ampicillin with 8 days of synergistic gentamicin was prescribed and it created satisfactory response. Ampicillin was continued for 30 days and then shifted to IV co-trimoxazole for 12 days. OUTCOMES: He remained asymptomatic with a decline of CRP to 0.36 mg/dL and ESR to 39 mm/h. He was discharged on the 44th hospital day. Orally SMX/TMP was prescribed for 13.5 months. LESSONS: Only few cases of aortic endograft infection caused by Listeria monocytogenes had been reported. In selected cases, particularly with smoldering presentations and high operative risk, endograft retention with a prolonged antimicrobial therapy seem plausible as an initial therapeutic option, complemented with percutaneous drainage or surgical debridement if necessary.

Parvimonas micra spondylodiscitis with psoas abscess.

Parvimonas micra (P. micra) is a Gram-positive anaerobic cocci, normally found in the oral cavity and rarely causes severe infections. We describe a rare clinical presentation of P. micra as spondylodiscitis and psoas abscess with haematogenous spread in an adult patient. MRI lumbar spine detected L2 and L3 spondylodiscitis. Blood cultures were positive at 48 hours of incubation and P. micra was identified on anaerobic culture after 72 hours. Isolates from bone biopsy confirms P. micra She was successfully treated with ceftriaxone, followed by oral metronidzole for a total of 8 weeks. The suspected origin of her P. micra was a dental cavity. Anaerobic bacteria tend to be underestimated in spondylodiscitis. In cases of slow growing organisms, we emphasise the importance of performing accurate identification including anaerobic bacteria to guide management. P. micra should be considered in patients with spondylodiscitis who had recent dental intervention or perioral infection.

Atypical presentation of pyogenic iliopsoas abscess in two cases.

Iliopsoas abscess (IPA) is an uncommon diagnosis in medical wards. Herein, we present two unusual cases of IPA. First patient was an elderly diabetic patient who had gas-forming bilateral IPA caused by Escherichia coli. This infection proved fatal and patient succumbed on third day of hospital admission. Second patient was a young boy who had right sided sacroilitis with IPA. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the pus culture and patient was successfully treated without any sequelae.

A Rare Case Of Sigmoid Colon Perforation With Subsequent Psoas Abscess Collection With Extensive Involvement Of The Sartorius Muscle.

A middle-aged man was admitted with worsening hip pain, fevers and reduced mobility. These symptoms were preceded by a mechanical fall but despite regular analgesia, symptoms did not resolve. His prior medical history included ischaemic heart disease, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia. A trauma and orthopaedic review revealed a painful left hip with reduced range of motion. In addition, some mild tenderness in the left iliac fossa was noted. Blood tests revealed markedly raised inflammatory markers. Plain radiographs and ultrasound were normal. MRI scan found a massive left iliopsoas collection secondary to perforated diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon. The patient was managed with intravenous antibiotics and the collection was drained percutaneously. Approximately 500 mL of pus was aspirated. The patient made an excellent recovery with interval imaging showing a reduction in the collection size.