Violência física, sexual e psicológica segundo a análise conceitual evolucionista de rodgers / Physical, sexual and psychological violence according to rodgers' evolutionary conceptual analysis / Violencia física, sexual y psicológica según el análisis conceptual evolutivo de rodgers

RESUMO Objetivo: esclarecer os conceitos de violência física, psicológica e sexual e, a partir dos resultados obtidos, comparar similaridades e diferenças entre conceitos, suas características, condições para acontecimentos e possíveis desfechos. Métodos: utilizou-se a análise de conceito evolutivo de Rodgers. Os antecedentes, atributos e consequentes foram extraídos de 91 documentos publicados em 2018, em português, inglês, francês ou espanhol, por busca utilizando os descritores "violência física", "violência psicológica" e "violência sexual". Resultados: para "violência física" foram extraídos 17 atributos, um antecedente e sete consequentes; para "violência sexual" 31 atributos, 10 antecedentes e dois consequentes; e para "violência psicológica" 33 atributos, quatro antecedentes e seis consequentes. Considerações finais: distintas tipologias de violência apresentam diferentes atos que as caracterizam, e que quando (re)conhecidos pelo enfermeiro, oportunizam um planejamento da assistência otimizado e de qualidade.

ABSTRACT Objective: to clarify the concepts of physical, psychological, and sexual violence and, from the results obtained, to compare similarities and differences among concepts, their characteristics, conditions for events, and possible outcomes. Methods: Rodgers' evolving concept analysis was used. The antecedents, attributes and consequents were extracted from 91 documents published in 2018, in Portuguese, English, French or Spanish, by search using the descriptors "physical violence", "psychological violence" and "sexual violence". Results: for "physical violence" 17 attributes, one antecedent and seven consequents were extracted; for "sexual violence" 31 attributes, 10 antecedents and two consequents; and for "psychological violence" 33 attributes, four antecedents and six consequents. Final considerations: different types of violence have different acts that characterize them, and that when (re)known by the nurse, allow for an optimized and quality care planning.

RESUMEN Objetivo: aclarar los conceptos de violencia física, psicológica y sexual y, a partir de los resultados obtenidos, comparar las similitudes y diferencias entre los conceptos, sus características, las condiciones de los acontecimientos y los posibles resultados. Métodos: Se utilizó el análisis conceptual evolutivo de Rodgers. Los antecedentes, atributos y consecuentes se extrajeron de 91 documentos publicados en 2018, en portugués, inglés, francés o español, mediante la búsqueda con los descriptores "violencia física", "violencia psicológica" y "violencia sexual". Resultados: para la "violencia física" se extrajeron 17 atributos, un antecedente y siete consecuentes; para la "violencia sexual" 31 atributos, 10 antecedentes y dos consecuentes; y para la "violencia psicológica" 33 atributos, cuatro antecedentes y seis consecuentes. Consideraciones finales: los diferentes tipos de violencia presentan diferentes actos que los caracterizan, y que al ser (re)conocidos por la enfermera, permiten una planificación de cuidados optimizada y de calidad.

Diagnosis Codes for Human Trafficking Can Help Assess Incidence, Risk Factors, and Comorbid Illness and Injury.

The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) is the system used by clinicians and medical coders to document diseases, symptoms, social circumstances, and external causes of illness and injury. ICD-10-CM codes for various forms of abuse and violence perpetrated against children and adults exist and facilitate the study of incidence, social context, and comorbid illness and injury. Extant abuse codes, however, fail to capture the profoundly exploitative nature of trafficking and adequately distinguish trafficking patients from other types of abuse patients. As a result, the first trafficking-specific codes have been approved for the 2019 ICD-10-CM update and are expected to strengthen data collection on incidence of and risk factors for trafficking, the burden of comorbid illness and injury, and resources needed to effectively care for trafficked persons.

Abuso y maltrato en el adulto mayor / Abuse and mistreatment in the elderly

ResumenExiste incongruencia en las definiciones e interpretación del abuso en adultos mayores. Una definición apropiada y unificada es la dada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, que indica que el abuso en adulto mayor es cualquier acto aislado o repetitivo o la falta de acción apropiada, ocurrida en cualquier relación de la que se espera confianza, que causa daño o malestar a la persona mayor.Este grupo poblacional es particularmente vulnerable, pues es muy probable que, en algún momento y en mayor o menor grado, aparezca la dependencia. Entre los principales tipos de abuso están el físico, psicológico, económico y la negligencia.Es importante reconocer el abuso y conocer los componentes del cuadro clínico de esta problemática, sin embargo, lo más importante es la prevención primaria. Entre las medidas más importantes para prevención se encuentran las leyes de cada país, y sobretodo, crear una cultura de educación y concientización tanto en personal de salud, familiar y población general respecto a esta problemática.

AbstractAbuse in older adults lacks of congruence in regard to its definition and interpretation. The World Health Organization provides an appropriate and unified definition, which describes abuse in an elder as any isolated or repeated act, or to the lack of proper action, occurred in any relationship where trust is expected in such way that causes harm in the individual.This population group is particularly vulnerable because there is a probability that eventually, in a higher or lesser degree, dependence will appear. Physical, psychological, economical abuse and neglect are some of the most important types.It is important to acknowledge abuse and its clinical components. However, primary prevention should be the main focus. Some of the paths for prevention include the law framework of a determinate country, and most importantly, raising a culture of education and awareness among health care providers, family members and the general population.

[Epidemiological, clinical and forensic physical violence against women in Tambacounda (Senegal)]. / Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et judiciaires des violences physiques faites aux femmes dans la région de Tambacounda (Sénégal).

INTRODUCTION: To contribute to the fight against physical violence against women, this work aimed to make a 10-year review of cases treated at the Regional Court of Tambacounda. METHODOLOGY: This observational, retrospective, descriptive and analytical study was conducted from 15 October 2014 to 15 April 2015. It covered all the court records of victims of intentional injury from 2006 to 2015. The data was entered and analyzed using Epi info 3.3.2 software. RESULTS: In all, 113 cases were treated. The mean age was 26.5±10.08 years for victims versus 32.5±13.8 years for the aggressors. The victims were all female, and 77.9% of offenders were male. The assaults took place mostly during the day (57.5%), and especially in the homes of victims (61.0%), in the street (16.8%) in the bush (12.4%). The consultation period was less than 24hours for 54.9% of the victims. Clinical examination differentiated: fractures (15%); contusions (13.5%); penetrating wounds (10.6%); bruises (9.7%); eye injuries (7.9%); broken teeth (7.9%); diffuse pains (7.1%), 6.2% polytrauma (6.2%), and 5.3% of trauma on pregnancies. Among the violence, 33.6% were domestic; 11.5% were associated with rape (7.1%); psychological violence (3.6%); rape and death threat (1.8%). Rape was statistically more common among child victims [OR=10.7 (3.2-35.5)] and/or educated victims [OR=5.8 (1.7-19.9)] and aggression in the bush [OR=7.5 (2.2 to 14.2)]. The attackers were lonely and imprisoned in 94.7% and 73.5% of cases respectively. The sentence was firm imprisonment for 89.2% of cases. CONCLUSION: In Tambacounda, health and judicial authorities should enhance public awareness concerning the risk of violence. The extension of this type of study to the national level would have enabled better orientation of control strategies against this scourge.

[NURSING DIAGNOSIS PROPOSAL FOR GENDER VIOLENCE SYNDROME IN NANDA-I TAXONOMY]. / Propuesta del diagnóstico enfermero DEL SINDROME DE VIOLENCIA DE GÉNERO PARA SU INCLUSIÓN EN LA TAXONOMÍA NANDA-I.

Gender-based violence is a widespread and muted problem in public health that particularly affects millions of women worldwide. The situation being relegated to the private sphere is difficult to know the exact number of women who suffer and causes much of the morbidity and the mortality of women. However, at some point in their lives women visit health services and health professionals, especially nursing, is supposed to be the first to detect cases of abuse. The need to include gender-based violence as a nursing diagnosis is evident because nursing diagnoses names health problems which nurses can approach independently. We have conducted a literature search in order to propose violence as nursing diagnosis to NANDA-I, in order to recognize that this is really a serious health problem and that nursing has an important role in detecting and monitoring of women victims of violence. The aim of this paper is to describe the development phases of <> as a proposal for inclusion in the NANDA-I taxonomy.