A Half-Day Camp Program for Adolescents Affected by Childhood Cancer.

Background: Adolescents affected by childhood cancer experience various degrees of psychosocial distress, social isolation, and social support throughout the treatment process. Objective: To create and implement an evidence-based practice project consisting of a pilot half-day camp program to improve social support and connectedness for adolescents affected by childhood cancer. Methods: A pilot half-day camp program was implemented. Twenty adolescent patients, survivors, and siblings (ages 13-18 years) participated in the program. Participants provided basic demographic information and completed pretest, immediate posttest, and 4-week posttest surveys to assess their levels of social support and camp connectedness. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-tailed Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: All measures of social support in adolescent participants affected by childhood cancer trended upward following the conclusion of the program, then trended downward over time, with overall social support and family social support significantly decreasing over time postintervention. Camp connectedness was not significantly impacted by the program. Conclusions: Social support decreases as participants are further out from attending a half-day camp program. This pilot program demonstrated the feasibility of a short-term, local, cost-effective camp program that is scalable to larger groups. Implications for Nursing: Providers should refer adolescents affected by childhood cancer to camp programs for social support. More research is needed to determine if more frequent camp programs sustain a high level of social support in participants.

Real-World Use of Hybrid Closed-Loop Systems during Diabetes Camp: A Preliminary Study for Secure Configuration Strategies in Children and Adolescents.

The introduction of closed-loop systems in the pediatric population has been a revolution in the management and evolution of diabetes. However, there are not many published studies in situations in which the feeding, schedules, and activities of the children deviate from the routine for which the systems were programmed, as in the case of a summer camp for children and adolescents with diabetes, where the specific programming of this device is not well known. It was a single-center prospective preliminary study. A total of twenty-seven patients (mean age 11.9 ± 1.9 years, 40% male, duration of diabetes 6.44 ± 2.83 years) were included (twenty with Medtronic MiniMed 780G system and seven with Tandem Control-IQ). Glucometric variables and pump functionality were monitored during the 7-day camp and in the following 3 weeks. There was no decrease from the objective TIR 70% at any moment. The worst results in Time Below Range were at 72 h from starting the camp, and the worst results in Time Above Range were in the first 24 h, with a progressive improvement after that. No episodes of level 3 hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis occurred. The use of specific programming in two integrated systems, with complex blood glucose regulation algorithms and not-prepared-for situations with increased levels of physical activity or abrupt changes in feeding routines, did not result in an increased risk of level 3 hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis for our pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients, regardless of the closed-loop device.

Long-term changes in eating-related problems and quality of life in children with overweight and obesity attending a 10-week lifestyle camp.

BACKGROUND: Eating-related problems (e.g., binge eating (BE)) and impaired quality of life (QoL) is more prevalent in children with overweight and obesity. This study aimed to investigate changes in self-reported overeating (OE), BE, and QoL in children with overweight or obesity attending multicomponent 10-week lifestyle camps with a 52-weeks follow-up. Additionally, the study sought to investigate whether self-reported OE/BE before camp was associated with changes in QoL. METHODS: Children aged 7 to 14-years could attend camp if they had overweight/obesity, were lonely, unhappy, or had social or family-related problems. In this study only children with overweight and obesity were included (n:185). OE, BE, and QoL were measured using self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS: In total, 38 % of the children reported regular BE at baseline. Regular OE, occasional BE, and occasional OE was reported by 14 %, 13 %, and 11 %, respectively, while 24 % reported no eating-related problems. The relative risk of experiencing eating-related problems decreased at 10-weeks compared to baseline. Additionally, the probability of regular OE (RR 0.12 (95 % CI 0.04;0.38) (X2 = 8.44, p = 0.004)) and regular BE (RR 0.01 (95 % CI 0.00;0.11) (X2 = 9.91, p = 0.002)) remained lower at 52-weeks relative to baseline. All QoL dimensions improved after camp, and the presence of self-reported OE and regular BE at baseline was significantly associated with lower QoL at baseline, 10 and 52-weeks. CONCLUSION: Children self-reporting OE and BE may be a particular vulnerable group that needs more support from camp staff and healthcare professionals to improve QoL. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov with ID: NCT04522921.

Mitigation measures against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in overnight faith-based camps: summer 2021.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we describe community-based nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) incorporated into COVID-19 mitigation protocols, and SARS-CoV-2 incidence at five faith-based summer camps in the US. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. METHODS: Six southeastern states within the United States (13 sites) were assessed from May 30 to August 14, 2021 (13 sites; N = 13,132; May-August 2021). Camp mitigation policies and NPIs (including masking, vaccinations, meal arrangements, physical distancing, pre-arrival testing, symptom screening, quarantine/isolation, and ventilation upgrades), and SARS-CoV-2 infections were tracked at each site. RESULTS: The symptomatic primary case attack rate was 24.7 (range: 0.0-120.0) cases per 100,000 people per week. Fewer infections were observed in camps with greater mitigation protocols. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that nonpharmaceutical mitigation can promote stable access to youth programs for historically vaccine-hesitant subgroups. Policy recommendations for nonpharmaceutical interventions to prevent respiratory viral transmission in overnight youth faith-based camp settings may include outdoor activities, accessible symptomatic tests, prearrival testing, indoor mask use, small cohorts, physical distancing, and protocols to minimize staff exposures during time off.

Implementation and Preliminary Outcomes of an Exposure-Based Summer Camp for Pediatric OCD and Anxiety.

Despite the high prevalence of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents and the existence of effective evidence-based treatments for them, access to psychological care remains a major public health concern. Summer camps may provide an effective treatment avenue for youth who might not otherwise have access to care. This study describes the design and implementation of Fear Facers, a semistructured, 5-day, daytime exposure-therapy-based summer camp designed for youth with a primary diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety, separation anxiety, or a specific phobia. Preliminary data regarding feasibility and patient outcomes is also reported. Among 52 children and adolescents aged 7 to 16 who attended one of six camp sessions between 2018 and 2021, significant reductions in anxiety (d = 0.54) and OCD symptoms (d = 0.57) were observed from pre-camp to immediately post-camp. A subset of campers who were followed for an additional 3 months post-camp (n = 22) showed maintenance of treatment gains. Retention rates for the intervention were high. Our investigation provides further support for the use of a camp-based design for cognitive-behavioral approaches, and may provide a unique setting to maximize elements of inhibitory learning in exposures. We also discuss a number of elements regarding feasibility that need consideration for those hoping to develop similar interventions.

Responding to and managing multijurisdictional outbreaks of COVID-19 in Canadian industrial worksite/work camp settings.

SETTING: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) and provincial/territorial (P/T) public health identified the need for a coordinated response to complex multijurisdictional COVID-19 outbreaks. The first large multijurisdictional industrial worksite COVID-19 outbreak highlighted the risk of transmission within these congregate work settings, the risk of transmission to the broader community(ies), and the need to develop setting-specific outbreak response frameworks. INTERVENTION: PHAC assembled a team to provide national outbreak support for multijurisdictional COVID-19 outbreaks in May 2020. The COVID-19 Outbreak Response Unit (ORU) worked with P/T partners to develop guiding principles for outbreak response and outbreak investigation processes, guidance documents, and investigation tools (e.g., minimum data elements and questionnaires). OUTCOMES: The ORU, P/T partners, and onsite industrial worksite health and safety staff leveraged outbreak investigation guidelines, industrial worksite outbreak process documents (including minimum data elements), and enhanced case questionnaires to respond to multiple COVID-19 outbreak investigations in industrial worksites. Clear roles/responsibilities and processes, along with standardized data, allowed for more efficient outbreak investigations and earlier implementation of mitigation measures. IMPLICATIONS: Multijurisdictional COVID-19 outbreaks highlighted the importance of public health collaboration with industry partners onsite. The assembly of a national outbreak response team was important to facilitate information sharing and provide technical support. Lessons learned and recommendations on outbreak preparation, detection, management, and communication are included to enhance a response framework applicable to future emerging or re-emerging pathogens with epidemic and/or pandemic potential.

RéSUMé: CONTEXTE: Au début de la pandémie de COVID-19, l'Agence de la santé publique du Canada (ASPC) et les autorités provinciales/territoriales de santé publique ont reconnu la nécessité d'une réponse coordonnée en cas d'éclosions complexes multi-juridictionnelles de COVID-19. La première grande éclosion multi-juridictionnelle de COVID-19 dans un chantier industriel a mis en évidence le risque de transmission dans ces milieux de travail collectifs, le risque de transmission à l'ensemble de la (des) communauté(s) et la nécessité d'élaborer des cadres d'intervention en cas d'éclosion spécifiques aux types de milieux. INTERVENTION: L'ASPC a formé une équipe chargée de soutenir la réponse nationale contre les éclosions multi-juridictionnelles de COVID-19 en mai 2020. L'Unité d'intervention en cas d'éclosion (UIE) de COVID-19 a collaboré avec des partenaires provinciaux et territoriaux pour élaborer des principes de référence pour la lutte contre les éclosions de COVID-19 et des processus d'enquête sur les éclosions, des documents d'orientation et des outils d'enquête (p.ex. des éléments de données minimales et des questionnaires). RéSULTATS: L'UIE, les provinces et territoires et le personnel chargé de la santé et sécurité du travail sur le site se sont appuyés sur des principes de référence aux enquêtes sur les éclosions, les documents de processus d'enquête sur les éclosions dans les sites industriels, y compris les éléments de données minimales et le questionnaire détaillé sur les cas, pour répondre à multiples enquêtes d'éclosions de COVID-19 dans les sites industriels. Des rôles/responsabilités et des processus clairs, ainsi que des données standardisées, ont permis de mener des enquêtes plus efficaces sur les éclosions et de mettre en œuvre plus rapidement des mesures d'atténuation. IMPLICATIONS: Les éclosions multi-juridictionnelles de COVID-19 ont mis en évidence l'importance de la collaboration entre les autorités de santé publique et les partenaires industriels sur site. La constitution d'une équipe nationale d'intervention en cas d'éclosion a été importante pour faciliter le partage des informations et fournir un soutien technique. Les connaissances acquises et les recommandations sur la préparation, la détection, la gestion et la communication des éclosions sont incluses afin d'améliorer le cadre de réponse aux futurs agents pathogènes émergents ou ré-émergents ayant un potentiel épidémique et/ou pandémique.

Effects of tree species and planting forms on the thermal comfort of campsites in hot and humid areas of China.

Camping has become a popular outdoor activity in China. However, the long and scorching summers in China's hot and humid regions pose challenges for campsites in maintaining thermal comfort. Therefore, we explored the impact of tree species and planting methods on the thermal comfort of urban campsites in hot and humid areas using the ENVI-met model to simulate the conditions of the study area. The reliability of the model was validated by comparing the simulated values of air temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH) with field measurements. We conducted an in-depth analysis of common trees in hot and humid areas and analyzed the effects of five tree species and four tree planting forms on the microclimate of campsites in such areas, using the physiological equivalent temperature (PET) as the evaluation index of thermal comfort. The results indicated that: (1) trees with larger crown widths were most effective in improving outdoor thermal comfort. The ability of trees to regulate microclimate was more influenced by crown width than by leaf area index (LAI), and (2) trees planted in patches provided the highest level of thermal comfort, whereas single trees provided the lowest. However, relying solely on tree planting made it difficult to significantly reduce outdoor heat stress. Therefore, other methods such as increasing ventilation or mist spray should be adopted to modify camping area. This study provides a reference for the planting design of outdoor campsites in hot and humid regions of China.

Management of child camps: a structured literature review and new directions / Gestão de campos de férias para crianças: uma revisão estruturada da literatura e novas direções / Gestión de campamentos infantiles: una revisión estructurada de la literatura y nuevas direcciones

The study of child camps has grown over the last years. Still, the common use of different terminology and the dispersion of the information in literature regarding camps management, makes it difficult to clarify research and hinder the improvement of managerial practices. This study aims to synthetise existent knowledge in child camps' management, identify inconsistencies and gaps in the literature, and set directions for future research and practice on child camps. A structured review of peer-reviewed articles published between 1950-2021 was conducted. Results indicate that half of the studies used the term "summer camp"; but other ten different terms were also used. Five different management areas were identified: safety, consumer behaviour, human resources, event planning and camp research. Gaps were also identified in the literature. These findings are important to set new research avenues and to improve practice. (AU)

O estudo dos campos de férias para crianças aumentou nos últimos anos. Todavia, a utilização de diferentes termos e a dispersão da informação na literatura acerca da gestão destes eventos dificulta o esclarecimento das diretrizes de pesquisa, por um lado, e dificulta a melhoria das práticas de gestão, por outro. Este estudo visa sintetizar o conhecimento existente na gestão destes eventos, identificar inconsistências e lacunas na literatura, e definir direções para futuras pesquisas e práticas. Foi realizada uma revisão estruturada de estudos publicados entre 1950-2021. Metade dos estudos utilizou o termo "campos de verão"; mas também foram utilizados outros dez termos diferentes. Foram identificadas cinco áreas de gestão: segurança, comportamento do consumidor, recursos humanos, organização de eventos e pesquisa em campos de férias. Foram ainda identificadas lacunas na literatura. Estes resultados são importantes para definir novos caminhos de pesquisa e melhorar a gestão destes eventos. (AU)

El estudio de los campamentos de verano para niños se ha incrementado en los últimos años. Pero, el uso de términos diferentes, y la dispersión de información en la literatura, sobre la gestión de estos eventos, dificulta la clarificación de las directrices de investigación, e impide que los gestores mejoren sus prácticas. Este estudio buscó sintetizar el conocimiento existente en la gestión de estos eventos, identificar inconsistencias y lagunas en la literatura y definir direcciones para futuras investigaciones y prácticas. Se realizó una revisión estructurada de estudios publicados entre 1950-2021. La mitad de los estudios utilizaron "campamento de verano"; pero también se utilizaron otros diez términos diferentes. Se identificaron cinco áreas de gestión: seguridad, comportamiento del consumidor, recursos humanos, organización de eventos y investigación en campamentos de verano. También se identificaron lagunas en la literatura. Estos resultados son importantes para definir nuevos caminos de investigación y mejorar la gestión de estos eventos. (AU)

Podendo ser si-mesmo: experiências de adolescentes com doenças crônicas de pele em acampamento / Libre para ser sí-mismo: experiencias de adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas de piel en campamento / Freedom of being yourself: experiences of adolescents with chronic skin diseases at a camp

Resumo Objetivo compreender as experiências de adolescentes com doenças crônicas de pele que participaram de acampamento. Método estudo fenomenológico, com seis adolescentes com diagnóstico de doença crônica de pele, participantes de acampamento no Brasil. Coleta de dados: foram realizadas entrevistas fenomenológicas, no período de julho de 2015 a janeiro de 2016. Resultados três categorias temáticas emergiram e possibilitaram a compreensão do fenômeno. Participar do acampamento acarreta mudança na vida dos adolescentes e em seus modos-de-ser no mundo cotidiano. Impulsiona-os a refletir sobre o estigma já vivenciado anteriormente e as novas experiências, após participarem do acampamento, os auxilia no enfrentamento dos desafios da própria vida de maneira mais otimista. Conclusão Para os adolescentes, a experiência de participar do acampamento é transformadora, devido à possibilidade do encontro com pares e de vivenciar um ambiente livre de preconceito, permitindo ao adolescente ser si-mesmo. Implicações para prática Os acampamentos promovem interação entre pares, sendo estratégias acessíveis para profissionais de saúde, especialmente aos enfermeiros. Intervenções que, de fato, promovam assistência integral à saúde de crianças e adolescentes com condições crônicas de saúde e seus familiares, além da articulação entre serviços de complexidades distintas e seus profissionais de saúde, podem garantir o acesso ao cuidado de qualidade.

Resumen Objetivo Comprender las experiencias de adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas de piel que participaron de campamento. Método Estudio fenomenológico con seis adolescentes diagnosticados con la enfermedad, participantes del campamento en Brasil. Recopilación de datos: se realizaron entrevistas fenomenológicas desde julio/2015 hasta enero/2016. Resultados Tres categorías temáticas permitieron la comprensión del fenómeno. Participar de campamento produce cambios en la vida de los adolescentes y en sus modos-de-ser en el mundo cotidiano. Los influye a reflexionar sobre el estigma que han experimentado y las nuevas experiencias, después de participaren del campamento, los ayuda a enfrentar los desafíos de la vida de manera más optimista. Conclusión La experiencia del campamento es transformadora debido a la posibilidad de reunirse con sus compañeros y experimentar un ambiente libre de prejuicios, lo que permite que el adolescente sea si-mismo. Implicaciones para la práctica Los campamentos promueven interacción entre pares y son estrategias accesibles para los profesionales de salud, especialmente las enfermeras. Las intervenciones que, de hecho, promueven la atención integral de la salud para niños y adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas y sus familias, así como la articulación entre los servicios de diferentes complejidades y sus profesionales de salud, pueden garantizar el acceso a una atención de calidad.

Abstract Objective To understand the experiences of adolescents with chronic skin diseases who participated in a camp. Method Phenomenological study with six adolescents diagnosed with chronic skin disease, participants in a camp in Brazil. Data collection: phenomenological interviews were conducted from July 2015 to January 2016. Results Three thematic categories emerged and enabled the understanding of the phenomenon. Participating in the camp brings about change in the lives of adolescents and their ways of being in the everyday world. It encourages them to reflect on the stigma they have experienced before and the new experiences, after attending the camp, help them to cope with life's challenges in a more optimistic way. Conclusion For the adolescents, the experience of participating in the camp is transformative due to the possibility of meeting with peers and experiencing an environment free of prejudice, allowing the adolescent to be him/herself. Implications for practice Camps promote interaction among peers, being accessible strategies for health professionals, especially nurses. Interventions that, in fact, promote comprehensive health care for children and adolescents with chronic health conditions and their families, as well as the articulation between services of different complexities and their health professionals, can guarantee access to quality care.

Benefícios da participação em um acampamento no autocuidado de crianças e adolescentes com diabetes: percepção das mães / Benefits of participation in a summer camp to self-care for children and adolescents with diabetes: the perception of mothers

Objetivo: Compreender a percepção das mães a respeito dos benefícios na rotina de seus filhos em relação ao autocuidado, após estes participarem de um acampamento de férias para jovens com diabetes. Métodos: Estudo descritivo qualitativo, realizado à luz do Interacionismo Simbólico e da Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo, com sete mães que foram entrevistadas. Os dados foram codificados e agrupados por similaridade, emergindo as categorias temáticas. Resultados: Revelaram a importância do acampamento para promover a educação do autocuidado da criança/adolescente com diabetes, e os benefícios decorrentes dessa experiência, como promoção da independência, melhor controle e aceitação da doença, prazer em participar e extensão dos benefícios à família. Considerações Finais: O acampamento mostrou-se importante para promoção do autocuidado da criança/adolescente com diabetes e possibilitou a reflexão sobre como aprimorar essa modalidade educacional para que os conhecimentos e habilidades em diabetes desenvolvidos pela criança/adolescente possam ser ainda mais eficazes e duradores.

Doença renal infantil: qualidade de vida / Childhood kidney disease: quality of life

Introdução: A crescente incidência de doenças crónicas, nomeadamente a patologia renal, dificulta o desfrutar de uma vida normal, dadas as modificações ocorridas no quotidiano. Objetivos: Caracterizar a qualidade de vida percebida pelas crianças com patologia renal que frequentam campos de férias e analisar a relação entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas. Metodologia: Estudo Ibérico descritivo-correlacional e transversal, misto: quantitativo e qualitativo. A amostra é composta por 29 crianças espanholas e 13 portuguesas, com patologia renal crónica, que frequentaram campos de férias com idades entre 7 e 17 anos. Utilizou-se a escala KINDL (Bullinger & Ravens-Sieberer, 1998a, 1998b), que contempla 7 dimensões: Bem-estar Físico, Bem-Estar Emocional, Autoestima, Família, Amigos, Escola e Situação Clínica. Agregaram-se 6 questões sociodemográficas e um bloco de notas. Resultados: Os participantes revelaram uma perceção positiva da qualidade de vida. A dimensão "Autoestima" foi a melhor percecionada e o "Bem-estar Emocional" a pior. As crianças de nacionalidade espanhola percecionaram melhor qualidade de vida. Relativamente às restantes variáveis, as diferenças não foram estatisticamente significativas. Pela análise de conteúdo efetuada aos testemunhos, emergiram sentimentos positivos, o que nos permite inferir que o campo de férias foi uma atividade que contribuiu para a socialização e melhoria da qualidade de vida das crianças. Conclusão: Estes dados revelam que seria benéfico um acompanhamento individualizado, mais direcionado às necessidades específicas de cada criança, por uma equipa multidisciplinar. Os campos de férias enquanto formativos e lúdicos são essenciais.

Introduction: The increasing incidence of chronic diseases such as kidney disease, makes it difficult to appreciate a normal life due to the changes in lifestyle. Objectives: To characterize the quality of life perceived by children with kidney disease who attend summer camps as well as to analyze the relationship between the sociodemographic and clinical variables. Methodology: Iberian descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study, mixed nature: quantitative and qualitative. The sample is composed of 29 Spanish children and 13 Portuguese with chronic kidney disease who are on summer camps with aged between 7 and 17 years. We used the KINDL scale (Bullinger & Ravens-Sieberer, 1998a, 1998b), which includes 7 dimensions: Wellness Physical, Emotional Wellness, Self-Esteem, Family, Friends, School and Location Clinic. They added up 6 questions of sociodemographic and a notepad. Results: The patients showed a positive perception of quality of life. "Self-esteem" dimension was the best perceived and "Emotional Well-being" the worst. Children with Spanish nationality percceived better quality of life. For the remaining variables, the differences were not statistically significant. The content analysis to the testimonies, emerged positive feelings, which allows us to infer that the summer camp was an activity that contributed to the socialization and improving the quality of life of children. Conclusion: These data show that an individual monitoring would be beneficial, targeted to the specific needs of each child, by a multidisciplinary team. The holiday camps as formative and ludic are essential.

O ataque dos malditos – Bang-Bang-Tum: acampamentos indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul, uma realidade contada por crianças e adolescentes indígenas de Kurussu Ambá / Indigenous settlements of Mato Grosso do Sul, a reality told by indigenous children and adolescents of Kurussu Ambá

O presente estudo tem como objetivo narrar uma experiência com crianças, adolescentes e jovens Guarani Kaiowá em acampamentos indígenas de Mato Grosso do Sul, apresentando a realidade vivida após episódios de conflitos e expulsão de terra. Esse povo Kurussu Ambá é originário da Terra Indígena Taquaperi, localizada na região de fronteira com o Paraguai, no município de Coronel Sapucaia. A expulsão de sua área, entre ataques e conflitos, fez que o povo desse território formasse acampamentos. O presente relato é um recorte temporal, histórico e geográfico e traz, portanto, fatos históricos da comunidade e uma compreensão da vivência do grupo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas, observações, oficinas lúdicas na referida comunidade, durante o contato com crianças, adolescentes e alguns líderes. Assim, pôde-se entender a vulnerabilidade do grupo ante as situações de conflitos e violência que ele passa. (AU)

The present study aims to narrating an experience with children, adolescents and young indigenous Guarani Kaiowá camps of Mato Grosso do Sul, with the reality experienced after episodes of conflict and expulsion of land. These people Ambá originate Taquaperi Indigenous Land, located in the border region with Paraguay, the city of Coronel Sapucaia. The expulsion of its area, between attacks and conflicts, has made the people of this territory formed camps. This report is the time frame, historical and geographical and brings the refore historical facts of the community and an understanding of the experiences of the group. Data were collected through interviews, observations, workshops playful in that community during contact with children, adolescents and some leaders. Thus, one could understand the vulnerability of the group compared the situations of conflict and violence that they spend. (AU)

Os impactos na saúde no período de formação da oficial combatente / Health impacts during the formation of the official fighter

O foco deste trabalho monográfico é demonstrar que durante o período de formação no Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, as alunas estão mais sujeitas a se lesionarem do que os alunos durante as instruções técnico-profissionais, assim como são passíveis de algum agravo, mesmo que temporário, também a nível psicológico, ambos se devendo às próprias diferenças estruturais e fisiológicas entre os gêneros, bem como de um certo grau de discriminação com a mulher numa atividade operacional tipicamente masculina. Destacamos que as lesões mais frequentes ocorrem no aparelho osteolocomotor, seguidas das disfunções e infecções ginecológicas e das lesões de pele. A pesquisa baseou-se na revisão de prontuários médicos num questionário aplicado a todo efetivo feminino de cadetes da Academia de Bombeiros Militar D. Pedro II e na revisão bibliográfica.

Acampamento educacional para crianças asmáticas / Educational camp for children with asthma

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto de um programa de acampamento educacional para crianças asmáticas, com duração de cinco dias, em termos da melhora do nível de conhecimento sobre a asma e da melhora da destreza no uso de medicação inalatória e na execução de exercícios físicos. MÉTODOS: Diariamente, as crianças recebiam 20 min de educação interativa, a técnica do uso do inalador dosimetrado era revista, realizavam-se duas medidas de pico de fluxo, e as crianças realizavam atividades físicas que incluíam exercícios respiratórios e de relaxamento. Um questionário que avaliava o conhecimento das crianças sobre a asma, os desencadeadores da crise, a medicação, os conceitos errôneos e o uso de espaçadores foi aplicado antes e após a intervenção. O uso correto da medicação inalatória e os sintomas relacionados às atividades físicas também foram avaliados antes e após a intervenção. RESULTADOS: Um total de 37 crianças asmáticas, 15 meninas e 22 meninos (idade de 8 a 10 anos), foi avaliado. Desse total, 25 por cento apresentaram melhora do nível de conhecimento específico sobre a asma, a qual foi demonstrada pelo maior número de acertos em três das doze questões analisadas (p < 0,05). Os escores de dispnéia relacionada à atividade física diminuíram significativamente após a intervenção (p < 0,05). A habilidade para usar corretamente a medicação inalatória foi significativamente maior após a intervenção (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: O programa de acampamento educacional pode aumentar o conhecimento sobre questões específicas, encorajar a participação em atividades físicas e melhorar a habilidade das crianças no manejo da asma.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a 5-day educational camp program for children with asthma in terms of improving their knowledge of asthma and enhancing their performance in the use of inhaled medication and in physical activities. METHODS: Every day, the children received 20-min interactive educational sessions, the technique for using the metered-dose inhaler was reviewed, two peak flow readings were recorded, and the children performed physical activities that included breathing and relaxation exercises. A questionnaire regarding knowledge of asthma, as well as asthma triggers, asthma medications, misconceptions regarding asthma, and the use of spacers, was administered before and after the intervention. Correct use of inhaled medication and exercise-related symptoms were also evaluated before and after the intervention. RESULTS: A total of 37 children with asthma, aged 8-10 years (15 females and 22 males), were included in this study. Of those, 25 percent showed an improvement in the level of knowledge of asthma after the educational camp program, as evidenced by the greater number of correct answers on three of the twelve questions analyzed (p < 0.05). The exercise-related dyspnea scores decreased significantly (p < 0.05). The ability to use inhaled medication correctly was significantly improved after the intervention (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The asthma educational camp program can improve knowledge about specific questions, encourage participation in physical activities, and improve the asthma management skills of children.

Intestinal parasites and commensals among individuals from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

We evaluated the occurrence of intestinal parasites and commensals among children and adults from a landless camping in the rural area of Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from October to November 2001. Stool samples from 78 individuals were examined by both the Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. Fifty-one (65.4 percent; CI 54.8 - 76.0) individuals were found to be infected, 23 (45.1 percent) children and 28 (54.9 percent) adults, of whom 34 (66.7 percent) were mono-infected, 9 (17.6 percent) bi-infected, and 8 (15.7 percent) poly-infected. In conclusion, the high prevalence of intestinal parasites and commensals suggests that parasitological exams should be periodically carried out in addition to the sanitation education and health special care in this population

Projeto "Diabetes Weekend": proposta de educação em diabnetes mellitus tipo 1 / Diabetes Weekend Project: proposal for education on type 1 diabetes mellitus

A educação em diabetes é parte imprescindível do tratamento do paciente, associado ao controle metabõlico adequado, atividade física e dieta. O maior nível de conhecimento sobre a doença e suas complicações estão relacionadas a uma melhora da qualidade de vida, com redução do número de crises de hipoglicemia, menor número de internações hospitalares, melhor controle metabõlico e maior aceitação da doença. Apresenta-se uma proposta de educação em diabetes na forma de colõnia de fim de semana associada a educação via internet, através do projeto educacional Diabetes Weekend. Objetiva-se informar e alertar médicos e educadores da área de saúde da importância da educação em forma de colõnia de fim de semana na prevenção de complicações agudas e crõnicas do diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e seu impacto sobre a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

Terremoto de Aiquile - Cochabamba, Bolivia

Presenta una recopilación de los resultados de una investigación de campo realizada después del terremoto de Bolivia que ocurrió el 22 de mayo de 1998 y que continuo hasta mediados de 1999. El terremoto afectó tres provincias: Carrasco, Campero y Mizque, seis municipios, alrededor de trescientas comunidades y se sintió en casi todo el país. Las poblaciones de Aiquile, Totora y Mizque, que cuentan con el mayor número de habitantes fueron las más afectadas, la ayuda se dirigió principalmente a las dos primeras localidades debido a la magnitud de los daños. En las poblaciones rurales aledañas a Aiquile y Totora era aún más grave la situación debido a las características montañosas de la región y a la dispersión de la población. El desastre de Aiquile, documentado en esta publicación, es un desastre que ha marcado un hito en la toma de decisiones por parte de las autoridades bolivianas para la elaboración de políticas, planes, normas y formulación de proyectos significativos para la gestión de los desastres naturales en el país