Assuntos
Amputação Cirúrgica/história , Amputados/história , Medicina Militar/história , Militares/história , II Guerra Mundial , Amputação Cirúrgica/efeitos adversos , Amputação Cirúrgica/reabilitação , Membros Artificiais/história , Mobilidade Ocupacional , História do Século XX , Humanos , Liderança , Ajuste de Prótese/históriaAssuntos
Amputação Cirúrgica/história , Amputados/história , Membros Artificiais/história , Pessoas com Deficiência/história , Acontecimentos que Mudam a Vida/história , Ajuste de Prótese/história , Adaptação Psicológica , Amputação Cirúrgica/psicologia , Amputação Cirúrgica/reabilitação , Amputados/psicologia , Amputados/reabilitação , Membros Artificiais/psicologia , Pessoas com Deficiência/psicologia , Pessoas com Deficiência/reabilitação , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Ajuste de Prótese/psicologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This article explores the issues that nurses and physicians face when trying to properly fit their patients into a correctly sized compression garment. It examines and links the history of compression and the history of sizing to define guidelines that nurses can follow when dealing with the challenges of sizing. Recent research into sizing and measuring is discussed, with further recommendation for research proposed.
Assuntos
Tamanho Corporal , Meias de Compressão , Antropometria/métodos , História do Século XVI , História do Século XVII , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , História Antiga , Humanos , Ajuste de Prótese/história , Ajuste de Prótese/métodos , Meias de Compressão/história , Cirurgia Plástica/enfermagem , TêxteisRESUMO
PURPOSE: There are significant inconsistencies in accounts in textbooks of the fitting in 1887 of a device resembling a scleral contact lens. The aim of this study was to establish the facts of this case and to provide an overview of the subsequent clinical performance of blown scleral shells and lenses. METHODS: A literature search was conducted that included the original report published in 1910 of the fitting of the patient. The dimensions and back vertex power of a blown scleral shell were measured. RESULTS: In 1887, the right eye of a patient with lagophthalmic keratitis as a sequel to cancerous destruction of the lower eyelid was fitted with a protective blown scleral shell. His left eye was effectively blind. The referring ophthalmologist was Professor Theodor Sämisch of Bonn and the fitting was undertaken by the firm of F Ad Müller & Söhne of Wiesbaden, Germany. With periodical replacement, a shell was worn for at least 21 years. Müller scleral shells were principally fitted in keratoconus providing markedly improved visual acuities and wearing times of up to 14 h a day. There were instances of continuous wear. CONCLUSIONS: Failure to consult original sources is responsible for errors in descriptions of the Sämisch case that is of historical importance because it represents both the first use of a therapeutic contact shell and the first instance of continuous wear. Blown scleral shells and lenses played an important part in the optical correction of keratoconus and the management of other ocular conditions during the first quarter of the 20th century.
Assuntos
Lentes de Contato/história , Óptica e Fotônica/história , Optometria/história , Esclera , Desenho de Equipamento , Neoplasias Palpebrais/história , Neoplasias Palpebrais/terapia , Alemanha , História do Século XIX , Humanos , Masculino , Ajuste de Prótese/históriaRESUMO
The Desired Sensation Level (DSL) Method was originally developed in the early 1980s to provide clinicians with a systematic, science-based approach to pediatric hearing instrument fitting that ensures audibility of amplified speech by accounting for factors that are uniquely associated with the provision of amplification to infants and young children who have hearing loss. This review identifies and describes several of the primary factors that have been considered in the development of the DSL Method. Specifically, the issues discussed relate to: (1) the definition and measurement of relevant acoustic, electroacoustic and audiometric variables; (2) how the external ear acoustics of infants and young children are accounted for in the DSL Method for both audiometric assessment and in the fitting of amplification; and (3) how the DSL Method has evolved concurrently with developments in hearing instrument and electroacoustic measurement technologies. Finally, current issues in the field are identified that have motivated the development of version 5.0 of the DSL Method for hearing instrument fitting.
Assuntos
Algoritmos , Auxiliares de Audição , Limiar Auditivo , Criança , Protocolos Clínicos , Auxiliares de Audição/história , Auxiliares de Audição/tendências , Perda Auditiva/história , Perda Auditiva/reabilitação , História do Século XX , Humanos , Ajuste de Prótese/história , Ajuste de Prótese/métodos , Ajuste de Prótese/tendênciasRESUMO
The idea to substitute optically clear material in an opaque cornea is two centuries old and in that time experiments have been carried out in animals and patients without much success. The historical development of and the clinical experiences with keratoprostheses are described. Especially in the last 40 years there have been great efforts concerning design, fixation, material and surgical technique to create a device with long-term success. The best long-term survival rates are achieved with the osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis, as it is the only model with a biological haptic. Due to some disadvantages of this procedure the present research is looking for new, soft materials and surface modifications to create a biointegrable artificial cornea.