RESUMO
Anetoderma or macular atrophy is a rare skin condition of unclear pathogenesis, often associated with autoimmune diseases and skin damage from various infections. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis, and poxviruses have been implicated in the development of anetoderma. A 37-year-old male patient with HIV and recent unprotected sexual encounters presented with more than 400 skin lesions, consistent with Mpox. Symptomatic treatment for Mpox resulted in acute symptom resolution. However, 8 months later he developed papular anetoderma lesions in areas previously affected by Mpox. Biopsy confirmed the loss of elastic fibers in the affected skin areas, leading to the diagnosis of Mpox-induced anetoderma. This report presents a unique case of anetoderma following Mpox in an HIV-positive patient.
Assuntos
Anetodermia , Infecções por HIV , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Anetodermia/patologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Combinação Trimetoprima e Sulfametoxazol/efeitos adversos , Combinação Trimetoprima e Sulfametoxazol/uso terapêuticoAssuntos
Anetodermia/metabolismo , Basófilos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/enzimologia , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/metabolismo , Anetodermia/patologia , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Antígenos de Diferenciação Mielomonocítica/metabolismo , Criança , Humanos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Masculino , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired thrombophilic disorder in which autoantibodies are produced against a variety of phospholipids and phospholipid-binding proteins. The purpose of this article is to review cutaneous findings in patients with APS diagnosis. An overview regarding prevalence, description, pathogenesis and histopathology, are described for cutaneous manifestations of APS.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antifosfolipídeos/imunologia , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/patologia , Livedo Reticular/patologia , Dermatopatias/patologia , Vasculite/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Anetodermia/etiologia , Anetodermia/patologia , Anticorpos Anticardiolipina/imunologia , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/diagnóstico , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/epidemiologia , Síndrome Antifosfolipídica/imunologia , Biópsia , Feminino , Gangrena/etiologia , Gangrena/patologia , Humanos , Livedo Reticular/diagnóstico , Livedo Reticular/etiologia , Livedo Reticular/imunologia , Inibidor de Coagulação do Lúpus/imunologia , Masculino , Papulose Atrófica Maligna/etiologia , Papulose Atrófica Maligna/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Necrose/diagnóstico , Necrose/etiologia , Prevalência , Dermatopatias/imunologia , Úlcera/patologia , Vasculite/etiologiaAssuntos
Anetodermia/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cabelo/diagnóstico por imagem , Pilomatrixoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Anetodermia/complicações , Anetodermia/patologia , Dermoscopia , Doenças do Cabelo/patologia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pilomatrixoma/complicações , Pilomatrixoma/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaAssuntos
Anetodermia/induzido quimicamente , Reação no Local da Injeção/etiologia , Neurofibromatose 1/diagnóstico , Vitamina K 1/efeitos adversos , Anetodermia/complicações , Anetodermia/diagnóstico , Anetodermia/patologia , Biópsia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Reação no Local da Injeção/diagnóstico , Reação no Local da Injeção/patologia , Injeções Intramusculares/efeitos adversos , Neurofibromatose 1/complicações , Neurofibromatose 1/genética , Neurofibromatose 1/patologia , Neurofibromina 1/genética , Pele/patologia , Vitamina K 1/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Anetoderma is a rare cutaneous disorder characterized by focal loss of dermal elastic tissue, resulting in macular atrophy or herniated saclike skin. Some families with hereditary anetoderma have been described, but there have been no reports on Japanese familial anetoderma so far. We herein report two Japanese sibling cases of primary anetoderma. A healthy 13-year-old Japanese girl and a healthy 15-year-old Japanese girl presented to our hospital with a 6-month history of small atrophic pittings on their arms and trunks. All lesions were less than 0.5 cm in diameter, which are relatively small for non-familial anetoderma. Preceding infections or skin lesions were not observed. A skin biopsy revealed a focal, complete loss of elastic tissue in the superficial to mid-dermis which was surrounded by fine, irregular or twisted elastic fibers. Based on these findings, the diagnosis of anetoderma was made. Review of published works demonstrated that the mode of inheritance of familial anetoderma is not simple, suggesting that it is important to survey any family member of the patients with anetoderma.
Assuntos
Anetodermia/diagnóstico , Anamnese , Herança Multifatorial , Doenças Raras/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Anetodermia/genética , Anetodermia/patologia , Biópsia , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Doenças Raras/genética , Doenças Raras/patologia , Pele/patologiaRESUMO
A 15-month-old boy presented with 1-4 cm, pink edematous plaques with overlying round erosions and hemorrhagic bullae in the setting of a gastrointestinal illness and was ultimately diagnosed with bullous-type Sweet syndrome. Despite appropriate treatment with oral steroids, the patient's cutaneous lesions healed with secondary anetoderma. This case should prompt practitioners to be aware of bullous-type Sweet syndrome and the possibility of lesions healing with postinflammatory scarring.
Assuntos
Anetodermia/etiologia , Síndrome de Sweet/diagnóstico , Anetodermia/patologia , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Pele/patologia , Síndrome de Sweet/complicações , Síndrome de Sweet/tratamento farmacológico , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
Along with collagen, elastic fibers are integral components of cutaneous connective tissue. A decrease in elastic fibers or loss thereof has been described in a number of clinically distinct skin diseases, both hereditary and acquired. In disorders associated with inflammation, elastophagocytosis is an important histological hallmark. Treatment is generally difficult.
Assuntos
Tecido Elástico/patologia , Dermatopatias/patologia , Pele/patologia , Anetodermia/diagnóstico , Anetodermia/patologia , Anetodermia/terapia , Cútis Laxa/diagnóstico , Cútis Laxa/patologia , Cútis Laxa/terapia , Granuloma de Células Gigantes , Humanos , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/diagnóstico , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/patologia , Ceratodermia Palmar e Plantar/terapia , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/diagnóstico , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/patologia , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/terapia , Pseudoxantoma Elástico , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias/terapia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/terapiaAssuntos
Anetodermia/diagnóstico , Pilomatrixoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Torácicas/diagnóstico , Parede Torácica , Adolescente , Anetodermia/patologia , Anetodermia/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Pilomatrixoma/patologia , Pilomatrixoma/cirurgia , Pele/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/cirurgia , Neoplasias Torácicas/patologia , Neoplasias Torácicas/cirurgia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Anetoderma is a rare cutaneous disorder characterized by focal loss of dermal elastic tissue due to unknown mechanisms. Primary anetoderma develops on clinical normal skin, without any preceding dermatosis and it can be associated with autoimmune conditions. Secondary anetoderma develops on the same area of a previous disorder, such as infectious, neoplastic or inflammatory diseases. A 37-year-old female patient noticed for 4 years circumscribed, normochromic, asymptomatic herniated plaques on the trunk and upper limbs. Family history was negative. Only a positive antinuclear factor (ANF) test, with titer of 1:160 and nuclear homogeneous pattern was found. Light microscopy with Weigert staining showed a lessening of elastic fibers with fragmentation; the oxytalanic fibers were also affected or absent. Transmission electron microscopy showed fragmentation and granular degeneration of elastic fibers. With greater magnification, fragments similar to those seen with optical microscopy were identified. The collagen fibers did not present any alteration. The examination of the dermis with scanning electron microscopy also identified fragmentation and significant fissures of the elastic tissue, granular degeneration was also observed. With greater magnification fragmented elastic fibers were seen.
Assuntos
Anetodermia/patologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Pele/patologia , Pele/ultraestruturaAssuntos
Anetodermia/patologia , Pilomatrixoma/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , OmbroRESUMO
Anetoderma is a rare benign condition of diverse etiology whose characteristic is the diminution or absence of the dermal elastic fibers. Classified as primary and secondary, the latter associated with tumors, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. Although the etiology of the lesions is well described in literature, the pathogenesis is still poorly determined. Anetoderma in syphilis is rare, and occurs even in the most uncommon cutaneous manifestations of the disease, such as the nodular form. In order to better understand the changes that lead to elastolysis, we propose a better correlation with the histopathological findings of the lesions that precede it. We present two cases of anetoderma secondary to syphilis, whose clinical aspects resembled the pattern of their initial secondary syphilis rash.