RESUMO
Traumatic experiences can impact individuals' oral health and how they experience dental treatment in ways patients and their dental providers may or may not initially anticipate. As approximately half of children and two-thirds of adults in the United States have experienced some type of traumatic event, it is critically important for providers to be aware of patients' trauma histories and to appropriately provide trauma-informed care to their patients when needed. Individuals with a trauma history may experience significant anxiety and distress in the dental setting, even for treatment many providers and patients consider to be "simple," such as a brief intraoral examination, radiographs, or prophylaxis. Such aspects of the dental setting may trigger memories and emotions related to the original trauma and may re-traumatize patients. This short report introduces links between traumatic history, poor oral health, and dental care-related fear and anxiety. Additionally, this paper briefly describes how dental hygienists can provide compassionate trauma-informed care to their patients with the goal of providing whole-person care that considers patients' comfort, health goals, and prior experiences. Specific recommendations for providing trauma-informed care to children and adults within the scope of dental hygiene practice are provided, as is suggested wording for acknowledging a patient's prior trauma and tailoring dental care to accommodate patient experiences and concerns. As dental hygienists are often the oral health providers spending the most time with patients, they are uniquely positioned to provide compassionate effective trauma-informed care to patients with past traumatic experiences.
Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico , Higienistas Dentários , Saúde Bucal , Humanos , Higienistas Dentários/psicologia , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/psicologia , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/prevenção & controle , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Adulto , Papel Profissional , CriançaRESUMO
Purpose Many adults in the United States struggle with mild, moderate, or severe dental anxiety (DA). Understanding the perspectives of patients with DA may help oral health professionals gain greater insight into their needs and learn how to provide an improved experience for these patients. The purpose of this study was to identify patients' perspectives on factors that impact anxiety in a dental practice setting.Methods A qualitative, descriptive case study design was used to identify patients' perspectives on factors impacting anxiety in a dental practice setting. Potential participants were screened using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and needed a moderate DA score to qualify for the study. An interview guide focused on obtaining information about the etiology, contributing factors, management strategies, and participant experiences of DA was used for the semi-structured virtual interviews. Responses were coded using a qualitative research analytic platform (Dedoose; Los Angeles, CA, USA). The co-investigators systematically reviewed the codes using the classic qualitative analysis strategies and journal notes to identify themes and subthemes.Results Twenty-two individuals qualified for participation in this study. Most participants reported having DA beginning in early childhood and throughout their adult life. Seven themes, including Avoidance, Supportive Behaviors, Confidence in Provider, Diversion, Enduring, Adaptations, and Benevolence emerged. Participants reported their primary method for managing DA was to avoid attending their dental appointments.Conclusion Participants in this study expressed various coping mechanisms and management strategies to alleviate the symptoms of DA. Multiple opportunities exist for increasing patient-provider trust and patient comfort to reduce DA, and ultimately improve the oral health status of individuals with DA.
Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico , Saúde Bucal , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Humanos , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/psicologia , Adulto , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Adulto Jovem , Idoso , Relações Dentista-Paciente , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Dental anxiety poses challenges for providing effective oral healthcare. While therapy dogs have shown promise in various medical and mental health contexts, their use for alleviating dental anxiety in adults remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the emotional and physiologic effects of therapy dogs on self-reported dental anxiety. Adults with dental anxiety were randomly assigned to an intervention group (DOG; n = 19) or a standard care group (SC; n = 14). Standard self-report measures were used to assess dental anxiety (Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear [IDAF-4C+]), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9), and generalized anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7) prior to the intervention. Participants in the DOG group received a 10-minute therapy dog intervention before dental procedures in sessions 1 and 2, while participants in the SC group rested quietly for 10 minutes before their procedure. The SC participants received the 10-minute therapy dog intervention before dental procedures in the third and final session, while patients in the DOG group received no intervention prior to their third procedure. After the dental procedures, patients completed a questionnaire about their satisfaction with the dog therapy (Therapy Satisfaction Scale) and recorded their anxiety and comfort levels on visual analog scales. Continuous electrocardiographic recording measured heart rate variability during the intervention and dental procedure. Prior to the intervention, most participants (90.9%) met the IDAF-4C+ criteria for dental anxiety, with 7 (21.2%) meeting the criteria for dental phobia. The DOG group participants expressed high satisfaction with the therapy dog intervention. No significant differences in heart rate variability were observed between the groups during dental procedures. Therapy dogs can effectively manage dental anxiety in adults with mild to moderate dental anxiety, offering potential benefits for oral healthcare.
Assuntos
Terapia Assistida com Animais , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/psicologia , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Projetos Piloto , Adulto , Terapia Assistida com Animais/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Cães , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the associations between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and socioeconomic and demographic variables, suicidal ideation, self-perception of oral health, and experiences of dental care in the Brazilian adult LGBTIQ+ population. A sample of 464 participants completed self-administered online questionnaires and provided information for OHRQoL assessment, using the OHIP-14 instrument at three hierarchical levels of explanatory variables: LGBTIQ+ identities; socioeconomic and demographic data and existential suffering; and self-perception of oral health and experience of dental care. The collected data were fitted to hierarchical multiple logistic regression models, in which the associations between each independent variable with the OHIP-14 prevalence outcome were analyzed. The OHIP-14-prevalence index showed that 33.2% of the participants answered 'frequently' or 'always', and the highest frequencies were obtained for the psychological discomfort (27.8%), psychological disability (18.3%), and physical pain (17.5%) domains. According to the adjusted final model, LGBTIQ+ individuals who were more likely to have their OHRQoL affected were those who were indifferent (OR=3.21; 95% CI: 1.26-8.20), dissatisfied (OR=10.45; 95% CI: 3.86-28.26), or very dissatisfied (OR=53.93; 95% CI: 12.12-239.93) with their oral health status, and also those who had or have difficulty accessing dental treatment (OR=2.06; 95% CI: 1.24-3.41) (p<0.05). It may be concluded that the OHRQoL of the investigated Brazilian LGBTIQ+ population showed associations with individual aspects and with access to dental services.
Assuntos
Saúde Bucal , Qualidade de Vida , Autoimagem , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Masculino , Estudos Transversais , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Inquéritos e Questionários , Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Ideação Suicida , Adolescente , Modelos Logísticos , IdosoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The most known and commonly studied behavioral obstacle to dental care is dental anxiety. An obstacle that is less studied though no less problematic is excessive gag reflex, which can severely impede dental treatment. Another understudied and possibly related syndrome is emetophobia (a specific phobia of vomiting). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine possible comorbidity amongst self-reported emetophobia, dental anxiety, and excessive gagging in the dental office. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using the following self-report questionnaires: Dental Anxiety Scale, Gagging Problem Assessment, Gagging Assessment Scale (GAS), and Specific Phobia of Vomiting Inventory (SPOVI). RESULTS: In all, 164 participants fully completed the questionnaires (87.8% female; mean age, 34 ± 11.07 years). Positive correlations were found amongst all variables (P < .001). High gagging (GAS > 6) was associated with a 7.29 times (P < .000) greater risk of positive emetophobia (SPOVI ≥ 10). Linear regression analyses revealed that the intensity of the reflex and the experience of gagging upon encountering odours in the dental office as well as dental anxiety and vomiting phobia significantly predicted participants' gagging scores as evaluated by GAS (R2 = 0.59; F = 21.16; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that excessive gagging reflex in the dental office is closely related both to dental anxiety and to emetophobia.
Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico , Assistência Odontológica , Engasgo , Transtornos Fóbicos , Vômito , Humanos , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/psicologia , Feminino , Adulto , Masculino , Vômito/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Transtornos Fóbicos/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Autorrelato , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Resumen Estudio exploratorio-descriptivo sobre un grupo de profesionales costarricenses en psicología acerca de sus actitudes hacia la aplicación de los principios psicológicos en la práctica odontológica. La muestra fue de 377 psicólogos (activos en el Colegio de Profesionales en Psicología de Costa Rica). A partir del cuestionario original diseñado por Gómez y Gómez (2007), el cual fue construido para estimar la necesidad de conformar programas universitarios que integren la psicología y la odontología, se aplicó una adaptación consistente en una encuesta de 10 preguntas autoadministradas de selección simple, la cual se efectuó en línea a través del sistema QuestionPro®. Se pudo evidenciar que existe una actitud positiva ante el enfoque interdisciplinario entre la Odontología y la Psicología; se demostró que un 74% de la muestra sostiene que los aspectos psicosociales son "Bastante importantes" en el marco de la atención odontológica. A pesar de ello, la mayoría (57%) de las personas consultadas indicó que no ha tenido ocasión de aplicar sus conocimientos y experiencia en psicología al contexto odontológico. Asimismo, un 72% de los participantes considera "Bastante importante" que los profesionales en Odontología reciban capacitación básica en el área psicológica para la prevención o contención de ciertos síntomas que puedan incidir en la salud mental. Por otra parte, el 80% de quienes respondieron la encuesta indicaron que las iniciativas interdisciplinarias de colaboración científica (investigación) y aplicada (ejercicio profesional) son "Bastante importantes" para producir beneficios tangibles en la prestación de servicios integrales a los pacientes y el bienestar del personal sanitario.
Abstract Exploratory-descriptive study on a group of Costa Rican professionals in psychology about their attitudes towards the application of psychological principles in dental practice. The sample consisted of 377 psychologists (active in the Association of Psychology Professionals of Costa Rica). From the original questionnaire designed by Gómez and Gómez (2007), which was built to estimate the need to create university programs that integrate psychology and dentistry, an adaptation consisting of a survey of 10 self-administered questions of simple selection was applied, which was carried out online through the QuestionPro® system. It was possible to show that there is a positive attitude towards the interdisciplinary approach between Dentistry and Psychology; it was shown that 74% of the sample maintains that psychosocial aspects are "Quite important" in the context of dental care. Despite this, the majority (57%) of the people consulted indicated that they had not had the opportunity to apply their knowledge and experience as psychologists to the dental context. Likewise, 72% of the participants consider it "Quite important" that dental professionals receive basic training in the psychological area for the prevention or containment of certain symptoms that may affect mental health. On the other hand, 80% of the survey respondents indicated that interdisciplinary initiatives of professional scientific (research) and applied (practice) collaboration are "Quite important" to produce tangible benefits in the provision of comprehensive services to patients and wellbeing of health personnel.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Psicologia , Atitude , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Costa Rica , Práticas InterdisciplinaresRESUMO
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry is rapidly evolving and could play a major role in a variety of dental fields. This study assessed patients' perceptions and expectations regarding AI use in dentistry. An 18-item questionnaire survey focused on demographics, expectancy, accountability, trust, interaction, advantages and disadvantages was responded to by 330 patients; 265 completed questionnaires were included in this study. Frequencies and differences between age groups were analysed using a two-sided chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests with Monte Carlo approximation. Patients' perceived top three disadvantages of AI use in dentistry were (1) the impact on workforce needs (37.7%), (2) new challenges on doctor-patient relationships (36.2%) and (3) increased dental care costs (31.7%). Major expected advantages were improved diagnostic confidence (60.8%), time reduction (48.3%) and more personalised and evidencebased disease management (43.0%). Most patients expected AI to be part of the dental workflow in 1-5 (42.3%) or 5-10 (46.8%) years. Older patients (> 35 years) expected higher AI performance standards than younger patients (18-35 years) (p < 0.05). Overall, patients showed a positive attitude towards AI in dentistry. Understanding patients' perceptions may allow professionals to shape AI-driven dentistry in the future.
Assuntos
Inteligência Artificial , Assistência Odontológica , Humanos , Inteligência Artificial/tendências , Percepção , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Assistência Odontológica/métodos , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Assistência Odontológica/tendênciasRESUMO
Abstract Objective: To assess the knowledge, dental anxiety, and expectations regarding dental services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: The respondents were Indonesian citizens above 18 years old. An online Google survey was administered using a structured questionnaire with a snowball sampling technique. Survey items comprised knowledge related to COVID-19, dental anxiety assessed using the modified DAS (Dental Anxiety Scale) and expectations regarding dental services using four dimensions of dental service quality. All questionnaires were tested for reliability and indicated acceptable and good agreement. The data were analyzed descriptively. Results: A total of 553 responses were analysed. Most respondents were female (72.9%), 76.7% knew of recommendations to postpone dentist visits and 86.8% knew methods of preventing COVID-19 transmission. More than 70% of respondents knew the precaution procedures in the dental office during COVID-19, and only 27.9% had moderate-severe anxiety. Most respondents' expectations regarding dental services during the pandemic era were related to the quality domain of reliability and responsiveness. Conclusion: Respondents knew about COVID-19 transmission and prevention, emergency conditions warranting a visit to the dentist and the procedures used at the dental office. Most respondents stated that they were not anxious about visiting a dentist during the pandemic. The respondents expect the dentist to provide sufficient information to improve oral health and treatment plan.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/psicologia , COVID-19/psicologia , Estudos Transversais/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Interpretação Estatística de DadosRESUMO
AIM: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of a self-reported history of restraint in children and adolescents when receiving dental care by non-specialist dentists and to assess differences in dental fear and anxiety (DFA), intra-oral injection fear, and trust in dentists between patients with and without a self-reported history of restraint. METHODS: An electronic cross-sectional survey was distributed to all 9 years old (n = 6686) and 17 years old (n = 6327) in the Public Dental Service in Hordaland County, Norway, in 2019. For statistical evaluation, we generated descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: The response rate ranged between 43.5 and 59.9% for the different questions. The prevalence of a self-reported history of being held still against one's will during dental treatment and pressured to undergo dental treatment against one's will was 3.6% and 5.1%, respectively. In general, these patients reported higher DFA, and higher intra-oral injection fear compared with those without such histories of restraint. Patients who had reported being held still against their will during dental treatment had significantly higher distrust in dentists than those who did not report restraint (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: To feel pressured to receive dental treatment and to be held still against one's will overlap with the concepts of psychological and physical restraint. Patients with a self-reported history of restraint recorded significant differences in DFA, intra-oral injection fear, and trust in dentists compared to those who did not report restraint. Future studies should explore the role that restraint may play in relation to a patient's DFA, intra-oral injection fear, and trust in dentists.
Assuntos
Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico , Restrição Física , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/epidemiologia , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/psicologia , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Odontólogos , Humanos , Noruega , Autorrelato , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Few studies have been conducted on the role and position of dental surgeons in prisons. Interestingly though, dental surgeons perform in a peculiar working environment, since the organizations are divided into two administrative structures: penitentiary and hospital administrations. Stakeholders’ perceptions of both the current oral healthcare organization in prisons and the interactions between prison and hospital administrations’ professionals will be at the core of this study. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH: This article aims at assessing hospital and penitentiary administration agents’ perceptions of oral healthcare practice in prison. This assessment is based on the analysis of 18 semi-structured interviews with prison directors, integration and probation officers, coordinating physicians and dentists. To do this, three analytical categories were established containing first contextual elements, second each professional culture and last actual and potential interactions. RESULTS: Dentists were identified as specific agents within prison’ sanitary units because of the separation between dentistry and other medical specialties. Indeed, the relation to the body, to self-image and self-esteem along with the specific positioning regarding medical secrecy and expertise required by prison staff make dentistry practice a separate field in prison. CONCLUSION: The results of this study highlight dentists’ specific positioning in prison sanitary units. They could be identified as helpful intermediaries in the building of interactions between penitentiary and hospital administrations thanks to the specificity of the dentistry practice which simultaneously provides health care and promotes the reconstruction of self-image and self-esteem, which are key factors of reintegration.
Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Prisões , Assistência Odontológica/organização & administração , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , AutoimagemRESUMO
Many preventive approaches in dentistry aim to improve oral health through behavioural instruction or intervention concerning oral health behaviour. However, it is still unknown which factors have the highest impact on oral health behaviours, such as toothbrushing or regular dental check-ups. Various external and internal individual factors such as education, experience with dentists or influence by parents could be relevant. Therefore, the present observational study investigated the influence of these factors on self-reported oral heath behaviour. One hundred and seventy participants completed standardized questionnaires about dental anxiety (Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), and dental self-efficacy perceptions (dSEP)). They also answered newly composed questionnaires on oral hygiene behaviours and attitudes, current and childhood dental experiences as well as parental oral hygiene education and care. Four independent factors, namely attitude towards oral hygiene, attitude towards one's teeth, sense of care and self-inspection of one's teeth were extracted from these questionnaires by rotating factor analysis. The results of the questionnaires were correlated by means of linear regressions. Dental anxiety was related to current negative emotions when visiting a dentist and negative dental-related experiences during childhood. High DAS scores, infantile and current negative experiences showed significant negative correlations with the attitude towards oral hygiene and one's teeth. Dental anxiety and current negative dental experiences reduced participants' dental self-efficacy perceptions as well as the self-inspection of one's teeth. While parental care positively influenced the attitude towards one's teeth, dental self-efficacy perceptions significantly correlated with attitude towards oral hygiene, self-inspection of one's teeth and parental care. Dental anxiety, dental experiences, parents' care for their children's oral hygiene and dental self-efficacy perceptions influence the attitude towards oral hygiene and one's own oral cavity as well as the autonomous control of one's own dental health. Therefore, oral hygiene instruction and the development of patient-centred preventive approaches should consider these factors.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Educação em Saúde Bucal , Higiene Bucal/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Autorrelato , Escovação Dentária , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Dental therapists (DTs) are primary care dental providers, used globally, and were introduced in the United States (US) in 2005. DTs have now been adopted in 13 states and several Tribal nations. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to qualitatively examine the drivers and outcomes of the US dental therapy movement through a health equity lens, including community engagement, implementation and dissemination, and access to oral health care. METHODS: The study compiled a comprehensive document library on the dental therapy movement including literature, grant documents, media and press, and gray literature. Key stakeholder interviews were conducted across the spectrum of engagement in the movement. Dedoose software was used for qualitative coding. Themes were assessed within a holistic model of oral health equity. FINDINGS: Health equity is a driving force for dental therapy adoption. Community engagement has been evident in diverse statewide coalitions. National accreditation standards for education programs that can be deployed in 3 years without an advanced degree reduces educational barriers for improving workforce diversity. Safe, high-quality care, improvements in access, and patient acceptability have been well documented for DTs in practice. CONCLUSION: Having firmly taken root politically, the impact of the dental therapy movement in the US, and the long-term health impacts, will depend on the path of implementation and a sustained commitment to the health equity principle.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Serviços de Saúde Bucal/provisão & distribuição , Equidade em Saúde/tendências , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia , Participação dos Interessados/psicologia , Assistência Odontológica/métodos , Assistência Odontológica/tendências , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Use of dental services in childhood, especially preventive care, is associated with many important oral health outcomes throughout life. The Andersen behavioral model of healthcare utilization posits that predisposing characteristics, enabling resources, and need factors predict utilization in oral and other healthcare domains. Inequities that produce lower utilization of dental services in north-central Appalachia have been documented in comparison to the USA generally. Additionally, within Appalachia, there are disparities, such as those across different states related to varying public policies and resources supporting healthcare. Predictors of dental utilization in Appalachia have been a focus in adults, but less so in children. The aim of the current study was to understand predictors of dental utilization in children in north-central Appalachia in order to inform future research about how to intervene to address these disparities. In this study, there were 1,178 children, ages 1 through 10 years, from selected representative counties in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, along with a parent/caregiver, who were part of the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA1) cohort. Use of dental services by their child was indicated by parents/caregivers, who also reported on sociodemographic, dental care-related anxiety and fear, and values and attitudes associated with oral healthcare. Results indicated that use of professional dental services by children was related to child age, dental anxiety and fear, and parental oral health values and attitudes. Older children in this age group, those who evidenced more dental care-related anxiety and fear, and whose parent/caregiver placed higher value on oral health and healthcare for themselves, were more likely to have had a dental visit in the past year.
Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores Etários , Atitude , Cuidadores/psicologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Coortes , Ansiedade ao Tratamento Odontológico/patologia , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Medo/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Renda , Lactente , Masculino , Saúde Bucal , Pais/psicologia , Estados UnidosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact are the four oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) dimensions (4D) or areas in which oral disorders impact pediatric patients. Using their dentists' assessment, the study aimed to evaluate whether pediatric dental patients' oral health concerns fit into the 4D of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) construct. METHODS: Dentists who treat children from 32 countries and all WHO regions were selected from a web-based survey of 1580 international dentists. Dentists were asked if their pediatric patients with current or future oral health concerns fit into the 4D of the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) construct. Proportions of all pediatric patients' oral health problems and prevention needs were computed. FINDINGS: Data from 101 dentists treating children only and 523 dentists treating children and adults were included. For 90% of pediatric patients, their current oral health problems fit well in the four OHRQoL dimensions. For 91% of oral health problems they intended to prevent in the future were related to these dimensions as well. Both numbers increased to at least 96% when experts analyzed dentists´ explanations of why some oral health problems would not fit these four categories. CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed the four fundamental components of dental patients, i.e., the four OHRQoL dimensions (Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact) are also applicable for pediatric patients, regardless of whether they have current or future oral health concerns, and should be considered when measuring OHRQoL in the pediatric dental patient population.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/psicologia , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Assistência Ambulatorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Cárie Dentária/psicologia , Dor Facial/epidemiologia , Dor Facial/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Masculino , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
Tobacco smoking is responsible for several health problems, including mouth diseases. The aim of the present study was to establish the association between smoking and dental status and self-perceived oral health in a large group of elderly Colombian adults. Analysis of 18,937 survey records of participants aged ≥ 60 years old was conducted. Information regarding age, sex, skin color, socioeconomic level, education, marital status, denture use, partial tooth loss or edentulism, Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and tobacco smoking was retrieved from the database. A descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed. Half of the participants were edentulous in the maxilla while mandibular teeth were more frequently retained in more than 60% of the participants. After adjusting for sex and age, smoking consistently increased the odds of partial or complete edentulism in the maxilla (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.02-1.09) and mandible (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00-1.08). Nonetheless, the increase in the odds in the mandible was not statistically significant. The habit of smoking was associated with increased tooth loss that in the long-term may result in poor oral health affecting the quality of life of elderly people.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/psicologia , Boca Edêntula/etiologia , Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Fumar Tabaco/efeitos adversos , Perda de Dente/etiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Escolaridade , Avaliação Geriátrica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Boca Edêntula/psicologia , Autoimagem , Inquéritos e Questionários , Perda de Dente/psicologiaRESUMO
Objetivo: investigar, na literatura odontológica, estudos que abordem diferentes aspectos do ensino de temas LGBTQI+ (Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Transexuais, População Quer, Intersexo e outros) nos cursos de odontologia e quais são as abordagens pedagógicas sugeridas para reduzir preconceitos e discriminação no atendimento odontológico. Metodologia: uma busca foi conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e BVS/Bireme, até julho de 2017. Após a remoção de duplicatas, dois revisores independentes conduziram a seleção dos artigos. Resultados: a busca inicial resultou em 924 títulos. Após leitura completa, apenas oito completaram os critérios de inclusão. Os artigos incluídos nesta revisão demonstraram que alunos, lideranças estudantis e administradores reconhecem medidas de suporte, apoio e inclusão existentes. Algumas instituições apresentaram em seu currículo temas relacionados com a população LGBTQI+, porém, relacionadas frequentemente com doenças. Essa cobertura é apontada como fraca e insuficiente para o atendimento qualificado. Apenas dois estudos apresentaram métodos para o ensino de questões LGBTQI+; entretanto, apenas um avaliou qualitativamente seus resultados. Conclusão: existe uma grande carência de estudos que descrevam abordagens e métodos de ensino de temas LGBTQI+ na odontologia.(AU)
Objective: to investigate in the dental literature studies addressing different aspects of LGBTQI+ (Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, Transsexuals, Queer Population, Intersex and others) education topics and the approaches used to reduce inequalities and prejudices in dental care. Methods: a search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and BVS/Bireme databases, until July 2017. After removing duplicates, two independent reviewers conducted the selection of articles. Results: the initial search resulted in 924 titles. After complete reading, eight studies completed the inclusion criteria. The articles included in this review demonstrated that students, student leaders and administrators recognize support and inclusion measures. Some institutions presented topics related to the LGBTQI+ population in their curriculum, but often related to diseases. This approach was identified as weak and insufficient for a qualified service. Only two studies presented methods for teaching LGBTQI+, but only one assess qualitative results. Conclusions: there is a lack of studies that approach the education of LGBTQI+ topics mainly related to teaching methodologies.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Educação em Odontologia/métodos , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero , Sexismo , Diversidade, Equidade, InclusãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey to determine the short-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental care practices. The authors hypothesized that the effects of the pandemic would indicate differences based on the ethnicity of the participating dentist. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The survey was available online between June 1, 2020 and July 10, 2020, a period when many dental offices remained closed, and for the most part, unable to provide non-emergency dental care. The link to the survey was made available to dentists through outreach to several national dental organizations. Descriptive statistics summarized the characteristics of the entire sample and Fisher's exact test was used to examine respondents' answers stratified by ethnicity using frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: All ethnic groups reported decreased revenue and African American dentists were the least likely to report a decrease in revenue compared to White and Other ethnic groups (84.2%, 87.2% and 92.9%). African American dentists were the most likely to report willingness to contribute to a task force to address the new challenges resulting from COVID-19 when compared to White and Other ethnic groups (46.4%, 18.8%, and 29.6%, respectively). African American dentists were more likely to indicate a need for a stronger connection to academic programs as compared to White or Other dentists in order to address current and future challenges (12.3%, 0.0%, and 9.1%). CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected dental practices differently, highlighting racial disparities, and strategies that factor in the race or ethnicity of the dentist and the communities in which they practice need to be considered to ensure that underserved communities receive needed resources.
Assuntos
COVID-19/epidemiologia , Atenção à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistência Odontológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Odontólogos/psicologia , Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde , SARS-CoV-2/isolamento & purificação , COVID-19/transmissão , COVID-19/virologia , Estudos Transversais , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Etnicidade/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Oral health care can be a difficult experience for a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), for their family and for the dentist. The purpose of this study is to provide an understanding of the challenges experienced by the three aforementioned figures during oral care treatment. A cohort of 275 parents of typical development children (TD), 57 parents of children with ASD (3-15 years old) and by 61 dentists, completed two different multiple choices questionnaires. The data obtained show a great difficulty in the treatment of children with ASD as seen by the dentists and by the parents. This is due to: caregivers' demographic issues; difficulties encountered before and during the dental examination; scarce presence of experts in ASD treatment.
Assuntos
Transtorno do Espectro Autista/psicologia , Assistência Odontológica/psicologia , Odontólogos/psicologia , Pais/psicologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Serviços de Saúde para Pessoas com Deficiência , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Objetivo: Investigar as naturezas do sofrimento psicológico ocasionado por problemas bucais. Métodos: Esta pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa e caráter exploratório-descritivo, utilizando-se da entrevista semiestruturada e da observação assistemática como instrumentos de coleta de dados. Para a análise dos dados da pesquisa foi utilizada a análise do conteúdo e a amostra da pesquisa foi de 25 participantes, entre homens e mulheres, que buscaram atendimento odontológico em uma clínica de Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil nos meses de maio e junho de 2020. Resultados: todos os participantes foram afetados psiquicamente pela existência de problemas bucais, o que gerou problemas de autoestima e autoimagem. Com o início do tratamento, os participantes relataram uma melhora na autoestima, não minimizando, contudo, outros tipos de sentimentos provenientes do problema bucal, como desconforto, dores e bullying. Conclusão: Problemas bucais podem gerar sofrimento psicológico aos pacientes, prejudicando sua autoimagem, acarretando, muitas das vezes, no isolamento e dificuldade em relacionar-se com outras pessoas. Portanto, um sorriso harmonioso é importante não somente por questões estéticas, mas para que o indivíduo se sinta bem consigo mesmo.
Aim:To investigate the nature of psychological distress caused by oral problems. Methods: This research adopted a qualitative approach and exploratory-descriptive design, employing, as data collection tools, a semi-structured interview and an unsystematic observation. For the research's data analysis, content analysis was used, and the research sample featured 25 participants, between men and women, who sought out dental care in a Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil dental clinic between May and June 2020. Results: All the participants were affected psychologically by the existence of oral problems, which led to self-esteem and self-image problems. With the start of treatment, the participants reported an improvement in self-esteem and self-image, not minimizing, however, other types of feelings that come with oral problems, like discomfort, pain, and bullying. Conclusion: Oral problems can cause psychological pain to the patients, harming their self-esteem and self-image, often leading to isolation and trouble interacting with other people. Therefore, a harmonious smile is important not only for esthetic reasons, but also for individuals to feel good about themselves.