Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 1.766
Filtrar
1.
Proc Biol Sci ; 291(2029): 20241132, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39163978

RESUMO

Managing populations of wild harvested species requires the ability to regularly provide accurate abundance assessments. For most marine species, changes in abundance can only be monitored indirectly, using methods reliant on harvest-based indices, with significant inherent limitations surrounding the estimation and standardization of harvest effort. Tropical tunas are some of the most exploited marine species in the world and are among several species in critical need of alternative methods for estimating abundance. Addressing this concern, we developed the Associative Behaviour-Based abundance Index (ABBI), designed to provide direct abundance estimates for animals, which exhibit an associative behaviour with aggregation sites. Its implementation in the western Indian Ocean on skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), revealed similar trajectories in their relative abundance. The ABBI stands as a potentially promising alternative to enhance traditional tropical tuna stock assessments methods, as well as a new opportunity to assess the abundance of other wild species that display an associative behaviour with physical structures found in their natural environment.


Assuntos
Atum , Animais , Oceano Índico , Densidade Demográfica , Comportamento Animal , Clima Tropical
2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38964136

RESUMO

The production of biogenic amines (BAs), which are markers of both quality and safety in fish and fishery products, is influenced by the harvesting technique, handling, and other operations including those carried out on board the vessel. Scombroid dark-meat fish (e.g. tuna) are the fish species most frequently linked to histamine poisoning. The most commonly found BAs in fish are histamine, tyramine, putrescine, and cadaverine, which are produced when microbes decarboxylate the corresponding free amino acids. In this study, a rapid and cost-effective HILIC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the determination of putrescine, cadaverine, histamine and tyramine in tuna samples. A simple sample preparation procedure was followed using the solvent mixture MeOH/H2O (50/50, v/v), 0.1 % acetic acid for protein precipitation and analyte extraction. Intra- and inter-day accuracy, expressed as %Recovery (%R), ranged from 88.0 % (Cad) to 102.7 % (Tyr) and from 85.0 % (Cad) to 99.8 % (Tyr), respectively. Intra- and inter-day precision, expressed as %Relative Standard Deviation (%RSD), ranged from 0.4 % (Tyr, Put) to 3.3 % (His) and from 0.7 % (Tyr) to 5.0 % (Cad), respectively. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) varied from 0.0009 to 0.0940 mg/kg and from 0.0030 mg/kg to 0.3100 mg/kg, respectively, depending on the analyte. Regarding the potential toxic effects linked to biogenic amines in foods, samples examined in this study showed no risk. The proposed method is an important analytical tool for routine analysis of BAs in fish products.


Assuntos
Aminas Biogênicas , Limite de Detecção , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Atum , Animais , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Aminas Biogênicas/análise , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Modelos Lineares , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Alimentos Marinhos/análise , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos
3.
Conserv Biol ; 38(4): e14324, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38984485

RESUMO

Purse-seine tropical tuna fishing in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (EPO) results in the bycatch of several sensitive species groups, including elasmobranchs. Effective ecosystem management balances conservation and resource use and requires considering trade-offs and synergies. Seasonal and adaptive spatial measures can reduce fisheries impacts on nontarget species while maintaining or increasing target catches. Identifying persistently high-risk areas in the open ocean, where dynamic environmental conditions drive changes in species' distributions, is essential for exploring the impact of fisheries closures. We used fisheries observer data collected from 1995 to 2021 to explore the spatiotemporal persistence of areas of high bycatch risk for 2 species of oceanic sharks, silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) and oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus), and of low tuna catch rates. We analyzed data collected by fisheries scientific observers onboard approximately 200 large purse-seine vessels operating in the EPO under 10 different flags. Fishing effort, catch, and bycatch data were aggregated spatially and temporally at 1° × 1° cells and monthly, respectively. When areas of high fishing inefficiency were closed the entire study period and effort was reallocated proportionally to reflect historical effort patterns, yearly tuna catch appeared to increase by 1-11%, whereas bycatch of silky and oceanic whitetip sharks decreased by 10-19% and 9%, respectively. Prior to fishing effort redistribution, bycatch reductions accrued to 21-41% and 14% for silky and oceanic whitetip sharks, respectively. Our results are consistent with previous findings and demonstrate the high potential for reducing elasmobranch bycatch in the EPO without compromising catch rates of target tuna species. They also highlight the need to consider new dynamic and adaptive management measures to more efficiently fulfill conservation and sustainability objectives for exploited resources in the EPO.


Gestión espaciotemporal adaptativa para reducir la captura incidental de tiburones en la pesca del atún Resumen La pesca con cerco del atún tropical en el Pacífico Tropical Oriental (PTO) resulta en la captura incidental de varios grupos de especies sensibles, incluidos los elasmobranquios. La gestión eficiente del ecosistema equilibra la conservación y el uso de recursos y requiere que se consideren las compensaciones y las sinergias. Las medidas espaciales adaptativas y estacionales pueden reducir el impacto de las pesquerías sobre las especies accesorias mientras mantienen o incrementan la captura intencional. La identificación de las áreas con alto riesgo persistente en mar abierto, en donde las condiciones ambientales dinámicas causan cambios en la distribución de las especies, es esencial para explorar el impacto del cierre de las pesquerías. Usamos datos de observadores de las pesquerías recolectados entre 1995 y 2021 para explorar la persistencia espaciotemporal de las áreas con alto riesgo de captura incidental para dos especies de tiburón (Carcharhinus falciformi y C. longimanus) y con tasas bajas de captura de atún. Analizamos los datos recolectados por los observadores científicos de las pesquerías a bordo de aproximadamente 200 embarcaciones grandes de pesca con cerco que operaban en el PTO bajo diez banderas diferentes. Agregamos los datos sobre el esfuerzo de pesca, captura y la captura incidental de forma espacial y temporal en celdas de 1° x 1° y mensual, respectivamente. Cuando las áreas con gran ineficiencia pesquera se encontraban cerradas durante toda la investigación y el esfuerzo se reasignaba proporcionalmente para reflejar los patrones históricos de esfuerzo, el esfuerzo anual de captura de atún parecía incrementar en un 1­11%, mientras que la captura incidental de las dos especies de tiburones disminuía en un 10­19% (C. falciformi) y 9% (C. longimanus). Antes de que de redistribuyera el esfuerzo de pesca, la reducción de la captura incidental se acumuló hasta el 21­41% (C. falciformi) y 14% (C. longimanus). Nuestros resultados son congruentes con resultados previos y demuestran el gran potencial de reducción de la captura incidental de elasmobranquios en el PTO sin poner en peligro las tasas de captura de las especies de atún. Los resultados también enfatizan la necesidad de considerar medidas adaptativas nuevas y dinámicas para cumplir de forma más eficiente los objetivos de conservación y sustentabilidad para la explotación de recursos en el PTO.


Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Pesqueiros , Tubarões , Atum , Animais , Atum/fisiologia , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Tubarões/fisiologia , Oceano Pacífico , Análise Espaço-Temporal
4.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol ; 113(1): 10, 2024 Jul 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39001943

RESUMO

The present study evaluated the cadmium (Cd) levels and temporal variation of Cd in dark muscle, white muscle, and liver of juvenile Thunnus albacares. 72 individuals (Standard length: 50-67 cm; weight: 0.8-2.5 kg) were collected from Indian Oceanic water around Sri Lanka during the period between April 2021 to May 2022. Total Cd levels were analyzed using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrophotometer. The mean Cd levels (mean ± SD mg kg-1 dry weight) in different tissues varied with significantly higher levels in the liver (13.62 ± 0.98, p < 0.05), compared to dark muscle (0.52 ± 0.05), and white muscle (0.42 ± 0.04). Cd levels in liver tissues were positively correlated (p < 0.05) with the fish weight. The Cd levels reported in dark muscles, white muscles, and liver tissues were significantly higher (p < 0.05) during 2nd inter-monsoon than in the other monsoonal regimes and exceeded the maximum permissible level (0.1 mg kg-1 wet weight) set by the European Union (EU). However, the measured Cd levels in white and dark muscles were below the maximum permissible level (0.2 mg kg-1 wet weight) set by FAO/WHO. The Cd levels in all the liver tissues were above the levels set by the EU and FAO/WHO. Accordingly, people should avoid the consumption of liver tissues of T. albacares from the Indian Ocean. A human with a body weight of 60 kg can consume white muscles up to 4.667 kg per week without exceeding the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake.


Assuntos
Cádmio , Monitoramento Ambiental , Fígado , Músculos , Atum , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Fígado/metabolismo , Cádmio/metabolismo , Oceano Índico , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo , Músculos/metabolismo , Atum/metabolismo , Bioacumulação , Sri Lanka
5.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 17353, 2024 07 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39075103

RESUMO

Complementary approaches (stomach contents, DNA barcoding, and stable isotopes) were used to examine seasonal shifts in the feeding ecology of an oceanic predator, yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares, n = 577), in the northern Gulf of Mexico. DNA barcoding greatly enhanced dietary resolution and seasonally distinct prey assemblages were observed for both sub-adults and adults. In general, diet was characterized by ommastrephid squids and exocoetids in spring, juvenile fishes (i.e., carangids and scombrids) in summer, migratory coastal fishes during fall, and an increased consumption of planktonic prey (e.g., amphipods) in winter. Seasonal variability in bulk stable isotope values (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S) was also observed, with low δ15N values and high δ34S values during late summer/early fall and high δ15N values (low δ34S) during late winter/early spring. Bayesian stable isotope mixing models corroborated seasonal diet shifts, highlighting the importance of oceanic nekton in spring/summer, coastal nekton during fall, and oceanic plankton during winter. Seasonal shifts in diet appeared to be influenced by prey reproductive cycles, habitat associations, and environmental conditions. Findings highlight the complex food web dynamics supporting an opportunistic oceanic predator and the importance of seasonal cycles in prey availability to predator resource utilization in open-ocean ecosystems.


Assuntos
Comportamento Predatório , Estações do Ano , Animais , Comportamento Predatório/fisiologia , Cadeia Alimentar , Comportamento Alimentar/fisiologia , Atum/fisiologia , Isótopos de Carbono/análise , Dieta , Código de Barras de DNA Taxonômico , Golfo do México , Isótopos de Nitrogênio/análise , Ecossistema
6.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 273(Pt 2): 133139, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38878929

RESUMO

The microencapsulation of polysaturated fatty acids by spray drying remains a challenge due to their susceptibility to oxidation. In this work, antioxidant Pickering emulsions were attempted as feeds to produce oxidation stable tuna oil microcapsules. The results indicated that the association between chitosan (CS) and ovalbumin (OVA) was a feasible way to fabricate antioxidant and wettable complexes and a high CS percentage favored these properties. The particles could yield tuna oil Pickering emulsions with enhanced oxidation stability through high-pressure homogenization, which were successfully spray dried to produce microcapsules with surface oil content of 8.84 % and microencapsulation efficiency of 76.65 %. The microcapsules exhibited significantly improved oxidation stability and their optimum peroxide values after storage at 50 °C, 85 % relative humidity, or natural light for 15 d were 48.67 %, 60.07 %, and 39.69 % respectively lower than the powder derived from the OVA-stabilized emulsion. Hence, Pickering emulsions stabilized by the CS/OVA polyelectrolyte complexes are potential in the production of oxidation stable polyunsaturated fatty acid microcapsules by spray drying.


Assuntos
Cápsulas , Quitosana , Emulsões , Ovalbumina , Oxirredução , Secagem por Atomização , Atum , Quitosana/química , Emulsões/química , Ovalbumina/química , Animais , Óleos de Peixe/química , Polieletrólitos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Tamanho da Partícula
7.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 14121, 2024 06 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38898134

RESUMO

Sports image classification is a complex undertaking that necessitates the utilization of precise and robust techniques to differentiate between various sports activities. This study introduces a novel approach that combines the deep neural network (DNN) with a modified metaheuristic algorithm known as novel tuna swarm optimization (NTSO) for the purpose of sports image classification. The DNN is a potent technique capable of extracting high-level features from raw images, while the NTSO algorithm optimizes the hyperparameters of the DNN, including the number of layers, neurons, and activation functions. Through the application of NTSO to the DNN, a finely-tuned network is developed, exhibiting exceptional performance in sports image classification. Rigorous experiments have been conducted on an extensive dataset of sports images, and the obtained results have been compared against other state-of-the-art methods, including Attention-based graph convolution-guided third-order hourglass network (AGTH-Net), particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), YOLOv5 backbone and SPD-Conv, and Depth Learning (DL). According to a fivefold cross-validation technique, the DNN/NTSO model provided remarkable precision, recall, and F1-score results: 97.665 ± 0.352%, 95.400 ± 0.374%, and 0.8787 ± 0.0031, respectively. Detailed comparisons reveal the DNN/NTSO model's superiority toward various performance metrics, solidifying its standing as a top choice for sports image classification tasks. Based on the practical dataset, the DNN/NTSO model has been successfully evaluated in real-world scenarios, showcasing its resilience and flexibility in various sports categories. Its capacity to uphold precision in dynamic settings, where elements like lighting, backdrop, and motion blur are prominent, highlights its utility. The model's scalability and efficiency in analyzing images from live sports competitions additionally validate its suitability for integration into real-time sports analytics and media platforms. This research not only confirms the theoretical superiority of the DNN/NTSO model but also its pragmatic effectiveness in a wide array of demanding sports image classification assignments.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Redes Neurais de Computação , Esportes , Atum , Atum/fisiologia , Animais , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Aprendizado Profundo
8.
Sci Total Environ ; 943: 173842, 2024 Sep 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38866163

RESUMO

The development of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management makes the assessment of the sustainability performance of fisheries a priority. This study examines European tropical tuna purse seine fleets as a case study, employing a multidisciplinary dashboard approach to evaluate historical and current sustainability performances. The aim is to enhance comprehension of the interconnected dimensions of sustainability and pinpoint management policy priorities. Using 18 indicators, we assessed the environmental, economic and social sustainability performances of European tropical tuna purse seine fleets, comparing them with other industrial tropical tuna fishing fleets in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The analysis also explored the temporal trend of sustainability performance for European tuna purse seiners from 2009 to 2019. Our results suggest that, compared with gillnetters and longliners, purse seiners and baitboats have a greater species-based selectivity, thereby catching fewer endangered, threatened or protected species, but a lower mature tuna catch rate, thus capturing more juveniles. We identify likely gaps in bycatch data reported by fishing on fish aggregating devices (FADs), due to results regarding selectivity and discard rates that appear inconsistent in the light of the scientific literature. The greater use of FADs, likely caused by the global tuna market, by purse seiner seems result in decreased ecological performances, as suggested by an increased carbon footprint per tonne landed. At the same time, it implies a better economic performance on the short-term, with higher net profit, energy efficiency (fuel consumed relative to monetary value created) and catch. For our case study, Ecology and Economy might seem to be in conflict for short-term perspective. However, consideration of the long-term impacts of FAD fishing and market incentives for fishing on free schools should lead purse seiner fleets to reduce drifting FAD fishing and promote more sustainable fishing practices.


Assuntos
Conservação dos Recursos Naturais , Pesqueiros , Atum , Animais , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Europa (Continente) , Ecossistema , Ecologia , Oceano Índico , Oceano Atlântico
9.
J Fish Biol ; 105(1): 372-377, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38757303

RESUMO

Exploring the effects of water temperature on egg development in skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) has substantial implications for evaluations of wild spawning habitats. In the present study, we examined the hatching success and duration as a function of temperature from 21 to 33°C under captive environments. A high hatching rate of over 50% between 23 and 31°C was observed, with the shortest hatching duration at 31°C. Because the egg period is vulnerable to predators, a shortened hatching duration with warming water would be ecologically advantageous for K. pelamis, as its main spawning grounds are located in tropical areas.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Temperatura , Atum , Animais , Atum/fisiologia , Atum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Reprodução , Óvulo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Óvulo/fisiologia , Feminino
10.
Mar Environ Res ; 198: 106540, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38704933

RESUMO

The dynamic of marine environmental parameters affects the distribution of commercial tuna in the sea of the maritime continent. Hence, the objectives of this study are to develop spatial distribution models for the four main tuna species in the Maritime continent's sea with reasonable accuracy, identify their correlation with marine environmental parameters, and investigate areas of interaction between those tuna species. The study develops the distribution models for albacore (Thunnus alalunga), bigeye (Thunnus obesus), yellowfin (Thunnus albacares), and skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) tuna species, utilizing multi-sensor satellite remote sensing and maximum entropy. The results show models have good performance, focusing on environmental factors such as sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a (CHL), and sea surface height anomalies (SSHA), combined with eddy kinetic energy (EKE). Seasonal variations in potential tuna habitats are revealed, emphasizing the influence of those marine environmental conditions. From December to May, the four commercial tuna species were distributed in conditions characterized by SST of 26-31.5 °C, CHL levels of 0-3 mg/l, SSHA of -0.3 to 0.2 m, and EKE of 0-1 m2/s2, while from June to November, they experienced SST of 23-31 °C, CHL levels of 0-4 mg/l, SSHA of -0.5 to 0.3 m, and EKE of 0-1.1 m2/s2. The spatial persistence of the four tuna species emerged mainly around the south sea of Java, with skipjack being the most common species found in the sea of the maritime continent. With sufficient and evenly distributed tuna presence records, the results indicate the potential for extrapolation beyond the training data to estimate habitat suitability for the four commercial tuna distributions. The results also suggest potential competition between tuna species sharing ecological niches and highlight possible overlapping areas where different tuna species interact with the same fishing gear.


Assuntos
Tecnologia de Sensoriamento Remoto , Atum , Animais , Atum/fisiologia , Entropia , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Ecossistema , Temperatura , Estações do Ano , Oceanos e Mares , Clorofila A/análise
11.
J Hazard Mater ; 473: 134699, 2024 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38795488

RESUMO

Identifying metabolism and detoxification mechanisms of Hg in biota has important implications for biomonitoring, ecotoxicology, and food safety. Compared to marine mammals and waterbirds, detoxification of MeHg in fish is understudied. Here, we investigated Hg detoxification in Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus using organ-specific Hg and Se speciation data, stable Hg isotope signatures, and Hg and Se particle measurements in multiple tissues. Our results provide evidence for in vivo demethylation and biomineralization of HgSe particles, particularly in spleen and kidney. We observed a maximum range of 1.83‰ for δ202Hg between spleen and lean muscle, whereas Δ199Hg values were similar across all tissues. Mean percent methylmercury ranged from 8% in spleen to 90% in lean muscle. The particulate masses of Hg and Se were higher in spleen and kidney (Hg: 61% and 59%, Se: 12% and 6%, respectively) compared to muscle (Hg: 2%, Se: 0.05%). Our data supports the hypothesis of an organ-specific, two-step detoxification of methylmercury in wild marine fish, consisting of demethylation and biomineralization, like reported for waterbirds. While mass dependent fractionation signatures were highly organ specific, stable mass independent fractionation signatures across all tissues make them potential candidates for source apportionment studies of Hg using ABFT.


Assuntos
Isótopos de Mercúrio , Compostos de Metilmercúrio , Atum , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Compostos de Metilmercúrio/metabolismo , Compostos de Metilmercúrio/toxicidade , Atum/metabolismo , Isótopos de Mercúrio/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/metabolismo , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Rim/metabolismo , Baço/metabolismo , Inativação Metabólica , Mercúrio/metabolismo , Mercúrio/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Músculos/metabolismo , Músculos/química , Selênio/metabolismo , Selênio/análise
12.
Sci Total Environ ; 939: 173461, 2024 Aug 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38815836

RESUMO

Thousands tons of discards of blue whiting (BW) and tuna heads (YT) by-products are generated each year in Europe. BW is the species most discarded by European fishing fleet and, in some canning factories, YT are processed for the retrieval of oil rich in omega-3, but producing a huge amount of solid remains and effluents disposal as wastes. The development of optimal and sustainable processes for both substrates is mandatory in order to reach clean solutions under the circular economy precepts. This work focused on the mathematical optimization of the production of tailored fish protein hydrolysates (FPH), from blue whiting and tuna residues, in terms of controlling average molecular weights (Mw) of proteins. For the modeling of the protein depolymerization time-course, a pseudo-mechanistic model was used, which combined a reaction mechanistic equation affected, in the kinetic parameters, by two non-lineal equations (a first-order kinetic and like-Weibull formulae). In all situations, experimental data were accurately simulated by that model achieving R2 values higher than 0.96. The validity of the experimental conditions obtained from modeling were confirmed performing productions of FPH at scale of 5 L-reactor, without pH-control in most of cases, at the different ranges of Mw selected (1-2 kDa, 2-5 kDa and 5-10 kDa). The results showed that FPH from BW with lower Mw led to a remarkable yield of production (12 % w/w of substrate), largest protein contents (77 % w/w of BW hydrolysate), greatest in vitro digestibility (>95 %), highest essential amino acid presence (43 %) and the best antioxidant (DPPH = 62 %) and antihypertensive (IC50-ACE = 80 mg/L) properties. Our results prove that the proposed procedure to produce sustainable FPH, with specific Mw characterisitics, could be extended to other fish waste substrates. Tailored FPH may have the potential to serve as valuable ingredients for functional foods and high-quality aquaculture feed.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Peixes , Peso Molecular , Hidrolisados de Proteína , Atum , Animais , Gadiformes
13.
Food Chem ; 452: 139603, 2024 Sep 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38754166

RESUMO

Food fraud is common in the tuna industry because of the economic benefits involved. Ensuring the authenticity of tuna species is crucial for protecting both consumers and tuna stocks. In this study, GC-Q-TOF and UPLC-Q/Orbitrap mass spectrometry-based metabolomics were used to investigate the metabolite profiles of three commercial tuna species (skipjack tuna, bigeye tuna and yellowfin tuna). A total of 22 and 77 metabolites were identified with high confidence using GC-Q-TOF and UPLC-Q/Orbitrap mass spectrometry, respectively. Further screening via chemometrics revealed that 38 metabolites could potentially serve as potential biomarkers. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the screened metabolite biomarkers successfully distinguished the three tested tuna species. Furthermore, a total of 27 metabolic pathways were identified through enrichment analysis based on the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways.


Assuntos
Metabolômica , Atum , Atum/metabolismo , Animais , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Alimentos Marinhos/análise , Quimiometria , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Espectrometria de Massas , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/análise
14.
Mar Pollut Bull ; 203: 116469, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38754322

RESUMO

This paper reports the first record of total mercury (THg) concentrations in albacore (Thunnus alalunga), one of the main tuna species caught from the Western Equatorial Atlantic Ocean and presents a preliminary comparison with other regions and tuna species. Mean, standard deviation and range of concentrations in T. alalunga (515 ± 145 ng g-1 ww; 294-930 ng g-1 ww) with 92 % being of methyl-Hg, are higher than in albacore from other Atlantic Ocean subregions despite their smaller body size. These concentrations are similar to those from the Pacific and Indian oceans, but lower than in the Mediterranean. Compared to other sympatric tuna species, concentrations are higher than those in T. albacares and similar to T. obesus. These results are discussed considering the potential differences in stable isotope values (13C and 15N) of T. alalunga populations from multiple oceanic areas and compared to other tuna species worldwide.


Assuntos
Isótopos de Carbono , Monitoramento Ambiental , Mercúrio , Isótopos de Nitrogênio , Atum , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Animais , Atum/metabolismo , Oceano Atlântico , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Mercúrio/análise , Mercúrio/metabolismo , Isótopos de Nitrogênio/análise , Isótopos de Carbono/análise
15.
Environ Res ; 256: 119223, 2024 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38810830

RESUMO

Compound-specific isotope analysis of nitrogen in amino acids (CSIA-AA, δ15NAA) has gained increasing popularity for elucidating energy flow within food chains and determining the trophic positions of various organisms. However, there is a lack of research on the impact of hydrolysis conditions, such as HCl concentration and hydrolysis time, on δ15NAA analysis in biota samples. In this study, we investigated two HCl concentrations (6 M and 12 M) and four hydrolysis times (2 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h) for hydrolyzing and derivatizing AAs in reference materials (Tuna) and biological samples of little egret (n = 4), night heron (n = 4), sharpbelly (n = 4) and Algae (n = 1) using the n-pivaloyl-iso-propyl (NPIP) ester approach. A Dowex cation exchange resin was used to purify amino acids before derivatization. We then determined δ15NAA values using gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS). The results revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in δ15NAA values among samples treated with different HCl concentrations or hydrolysis times, particularly for δ15NGlx (range: 21.0-23.5‰) and δ15NPhe (range: 4.3-5.4‰) in Tuna (12 M). Trophic positions (TPs) calculated based on δ15NAA at 2 h (little egret: 2.9 ± 0.1, night heron: 2.8 ± 0.1, sharpbelly: 2.0 ± 0.1 and Algae: 1.3 ± 0.2) were consistent with those at 24 h (3.1 ± 0.1, 2.8 ± 0.1, 2.2 ± 0.1 and 1.1 ± 0.1, respectively), suggesting that a 2-h hydrolysis time and a 6 M HCl concentration are efficient pretreatment conditions for determining δ15NAA and estimating TP. Compared to the currently used hydrolysis conditions (24 h, 6 M), the proposed conditions (2 h, 6 M) accelerated the δ15NAA assay, making it faster, more convenient, and more efficient. Further research is needed to simplify the operational processes and reduce the time costs, enabling more efficient applications of CSIA-AA.


Assuntos
Aminoácidos , Cadeia Alimentar , Isótopos de Nitrogênio , Hidrólise , Aminoácidos/análise , Aminoácidos/química , Animais , Isótopos de Nitrogênio/análise , Ácido Clorídrico/química , Atum
16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38782254

RESUMO

Regional endothermy is the ability of an animal to elevate the temperature of specific regions of the body above that of the surrounding environment and has evolved independently among several fish lineages. Sarcolipin (SLN) is a small transmembrane protein that uncouples the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump (SERCA1b) resulting in futile Ca2+ cycling and is thought to play a role in non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) in cold-challenged mammals and possibly some fishes. This study investigated the relative expression of sln and serca1 transcripts in three regionally-endothermic fishes (the skipjack, Katsuwonus pelamis, and yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares, both of which elevate the temperatures of their slow-twitch red skeletal muscle (RM) and extraocular muscles (EM), as well as the cranial endothermic swordfish, Xiphias gladius), and closely related ectothermic scombrids (the Eastern Pacific bonito, Sarda chiliensis, and Pacific chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus). Using Reverse Transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and species-specific primers, relative sln expression trended higher in both the RM and EM for all four scombrid species compared to white muscle. In addition, relative serca1 expression was found to be higher in RM of skipjack and yellowfin tuna in comparison to white muscle. However, neither sln nor serca1 transcripts were higher in swordfish RM, EM or cranial heater tissue in comparison to white muscle. A key phosphorylation site in sarcolipin, threonine 5, is conserved in the swordfish, but is mutated to alanine or valine in tunas and the endothermic smalleye Pacific opah, Lampris incognitus, which should result in increased uncoupling of the SERCA pump. Our results support the role of potential SLN-NST in endothermic tunas and the lack thereof for swordfish.


Assuntos
Cálcio , Proteínas Musculares , Proteolipídeos , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio do Retículo Sarcoplasmático , Termogênese , Animais , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio do Retículo Sarcoplasmático/genética , ATPases Transportadoras de Cálcio do Retículo Sarcoplasmático/metabolismo , Proteolipídeos/genética , Proteolipídeos/metabolismo , Proteínas Musculares/genética , Proteínas Musculares/metabolismo , Termogênese/genética , Cálcio/metabolismo , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Proteínas de Peixes/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Perciformes/genética , Perciformes/fisiologia , Perciformes/metabolismo , Atum/genética , Atum/metabolismo , Atum/fisiologia
17.
Food Res Int ; 187: 114462, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38763689

RESUMO

The risk of tuna adulteration is high driven by economic benefits. The authenticity of tuna is required to protect both consumers and tuna stocks. Given this, the study is designed to identify species-specific peptides for distinguishing three commercial tropical tuna species. The peptides derived from trypsin digestion were separated and detected using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) in data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mode. Venn analysis showed that there were differences in peptide composition among the three tested tuna species. The biological specificity screening through the National Center for Biotechnology Information's Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (NCBI BLAST) revealed that 93 peptides could serve as potential species-specific peptides. Finally, the detection specificity of species-specific peptides of raw meats and processed products was carried out by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode based on a Q-Trap mass spectrometer. The results showed that three, one and two peptides of Katsuwonus pelamis, Thunnus obesus and Thunnus albacores, respectively could serve as species-specific peptides.


Assuntos
Peptídeos , Especificidade da Espécie , Atum , Animais , Peptídeos/análise , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Alimentos Marinhos/análise , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Proteínas de Peixes/análise
18.
Clin Ter ; 175(3): 92-95, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38767065

RESUMO

Background: Foodborne diseases are common sources of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Scombroid syndrome represents a particular condition since it is not directly related to the ingestion of spoiled food but is determined by high levels of histamine, a chemical mediator naturally produced within the human body under particular conditions. In these cases, histamine is formed as a result of the bacterial activity from histidine, an amino acid present at high levels in some fish species. The resulting symptomatology can range from mild symptoms such as headache and skin rash to more severe manifestations such as hypotension and coronary spasms. Reference regulations in Italy set maximum levels of histamine in food at 200 mg/kg. Cases description: The cases described involve a family of three who, following the ingestion of a tuna dish, started to exhibit symptoms typical of an allergic reaction. In one case, hypotension, tachycardia, and electrocardiographic changes in the ST-tract suggestive of myocardial ischemia also appeared with negative myocardionecrosis enzyme dosage. All three cases experienced complete remission of symptoms in the absence of sequelae. Histamine concentrations in fish sampled three days later were 169 mg/kg. Conclusion: The cases described emphasize the importance of proper differential diagnosis as well as the importance of implementing specific controls in food hygiene.


Assuntos
Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/complicações , Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos/etiologia , Histamina/metabolismo , Atum , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/complicações , Síndrome , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
19.
Biom J ; 66(4): e2300288, 2024 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38700021

RESUMO

We introduce a new class of zero-or-one inflated power logit (IPL) regression models, which serve as a versatile tool for analyzing bounded continuous data with observations at a boundary. These models are applied to explore the effects of climate changes on the distribution of tropical tuna within the North Atlantic Ocean. Our findings suggest that our modeling approach is adequate and capable of handling the outliers in the data. It exhibited superior performance compared to rival models in both diagnostic analysis and regarding the inference robustness. We offer a user-friendly method for fitting IPL regression models in practical applications.


Assuntos
Clima Tropical , Atum , Animais , Modelos Logísticos , Oceano Atlântico , Biometria/métodos
20.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 10188, 2024 05 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38702492

RESUMO

Global wild-capture fisheries are a large and diverse sector requiring various tools for fisheries-dependant data collection and effective Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS). Here we present a novel protocol to collect eDNA from brine tanks onboard commercial longline vessels to reconstruct catch composition. We collected samples from nine vessels operating out of the Eastern Tuna Billfish Fishery, Australia, validating eDNA results with reliable catch data consisting of seven target and bycatch species. Environmental DNA was highly effective for detecting species retained on vessels without contamination or false positives. For four vessels, logbook data and eDNA were consistent with detections of all species. The remaining vessels detected all species except for rare catches of short-billed spearfish (Tetrapturus angustirostris). Similarities between rank abundance distributions of catch and eDNA reads were observed with logbook data mirrored when eDNA sequences were organised into rank order abundance. The method was effective at identifying highly abundant taxa retained in brine tanks- tuna (Thunnus spp.), swordfish (Xiphias gladius), marlin (Kajijia audax), and Atlantic Pomfret (Brama brama). Further research is required to validate how eDNA and other molecular monitoring tools can be scaled and applied to provide solutions for monitoring challenges in the fisheries sector.


Assuntos
DNA Ambiental , Pesqueiros , Animais , DNA Ambiental/genética , DNA Ambiental/análise , Austrália , Atum/genética , Peixes/genética , Navios
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA