Aspectos da E-caderina na invasão óssea do carcinoma epidermóide da mucosa oral / E-cadherin expression in oral squamous cells carcinoma with boné invasion

O carcinoma epidermóide da mucosa oral (CEMO) é uma neoplasia maligna comum; no Brasil, são estimados, para 2016, 15.490 novos casos. A invasão óssea ocorre em casos avançados.; esta é classificada em erosiva e infiltrativa. Aparentemente, o processo de transição epitélio-mesenquimal, com o envolvimento da E-caderina, é implicado. Foi investigada a expressão de E-caderina, por meio da imunoistoquímica em 15 casos avançados de CEMO e avaliada sua correlação com as características clínicas e histológicas da invasão óssea. A imunoexpressão da E-caderina foi estudada nos 15 casos de CEMO com evidência histológica de invasão óssea. A maioria dos pacientes eram homens (10 pacientes) e apresentavam invasão em mandíbula (9 casos). A expressão de E-caderina foi negativa em CEMOs com invasão erosiva e positiva nos casos que apresentavam infiltração óssea. A expressão de E-caderina na invasão óssea sugere que a participação do fenômeno de transição epitélio-mesenquimal é um fator diretamente envolvido com o tipo de invasão óssea.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy; in Brazil it is estimated, in 2016,15.490 new cases. Bone invasion occurs in advanced cases; it is classified in erosive and infiltrative patterns. Apparently, the epithelial-mesenchymal phenomenon, with important participation of E-cadherin is implicated. We investigated the expression of E-cadherin in advanced OSSC and correlated its expression with the clinical characteristics and histologic patterns of bone invasion. Immunoexpression of E-cadherin was studied in 15 cases of OSCC with histological evidence of bone invasion. Most patients were men (10 patients) and presented mandible invasion (9 cases). The expression of E-cadherin was negative in OSCC in erosive bone invasion and positive in the infiltrative bone invasion. E-cadherin expression in bone invasion suggests that participation of epithelial-mesenchymal phenomenon is dependent on the patterns of tumour bone invasion.

Congenital epulis.

Congenital epulis is a rare, soft-tissue benign condition that presents at birth. It arises from the alveolar mucosa and occurs more frequently in the maxilla, mainly in the frontal region. This condition may interfere with respiration, feeding or lip closure. Surgical excision is the only possible treatment, although spontaneous regression has been reported. This article presents the case of a female infant with a solid ovoid mass protruding from the oral cavity. Treatment of this lesion was surgical, and histopathological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of congenital epulis. Postsurgical follow-up was without complications; examination of the infant 5 months later has revealed only mild left frontal alveolar ridge hypoplasia without any sign of recurrence.

The vestibulocochlear nerve.

The eighth nerve provides sensory connection for balance and sound. Our ability to evaluate its morphology and pathology with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been substantially improved over the past 20 years. This article reviews the relevant anatomy of the eighth nerve. A thorough discussion of the potential pathologic processes affecting its function also is included. Foremost, is a review of acoustic schwannomas, emphasizing the role of imaging in the work-up and ongoing evaluation of these patients. Discussion and examples of the plethora of neoplastic, inflammatory, infectious, congenital, ischemic, and compressive pathologies involving the nerve are included as well.

Squamous cell proliferative lesion of the nasopharynx in a newborn.

Nasopharyngeal tumors in the newborn are exceedingly rare. Typically, initial symptoms are breathing or eating difficulties. A case is presented of a patient in whom bleeding began following diagnostic passage of nasopharyngeal catheters. Surgical excision was required on the third day of life, and histologic review revealed a squamous cell proliferative lesion consistent with squamous cell carcinoma. The infant's postoperative course was uneventful. Specimens from a nasopharyngeal biopsy done six weeks later revealed only reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and a 6 months of age, the child's condition was normal. After review of the available literature and this patient's pathologic condition, it is believed that this lesion represents an otherwise unclassifiable squamous cell proliferation previously not described.

Computerized cranial tomography of free intracranial fat in congenital tumors.

Three additional cases of free intracranial fat associated with congenital tumors are reported. The migration of fat with positional change is detailed. Free intraventricular fat may present without transcerebral rupture of the tumor. Our experience with these three patients, plus the two previously reported, suggest that two conditions must be present for oily material to enter the ventricular system through the outlets of the fourth ventricle: first, there must be a reversal of bulk flow of cerebrospinal fluid; second, the oily material must have a specific gravity less than that of cerebrospinal fluid. Also noted from our series is the absence of serious clinical sequelae associated with rupture or leakage of fatty tumors.