Developing and implementing a co-curricular IPE program: AHEC Scholars Program.

As part of a new directive, the Human Resources Services Administration (HRSA) mandated Area Health Education Center (AHEC) Programs across the nation to implement an interprofessional education (IPE) program for health professional students, with the goal of fostering collaborative practice among health profession students and motivating students to work in medically underserved areas post-graduation. The South Texas AHEC Program collaboratively developed and implemented a co-curricular IPE initiative, the AHEC Scholars Program, including didactic and practicum components, focused on the needs of communities in our area. A pre-post quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the student outcomes related to IPEC Competencies and knowledge and preparation for the practice of core topic areas mandated by HRSA. Student outcomes showed statistically significant improvement in all measures. In order to obtain more detailed accounts of students' practicum experiences, students were asked to complete reflective journals after each practicum. The AHEC Scholars Program provides students with opportunities to work with underserved populations and enables students to explore the benefits of team-based care. This article summarizes the collaborative process of the development and implementation of the AHEC Scholars Program; secondly, it details student outcomes from a 3-month pilot study.

Academies in Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review.

PURPOSE: Thirty years ago, academies were conceived as a sociocultural approach to revitalize the teaching mission of medical schools and to promote educators' career advancement. The academy movement has grown rapidly and now reaches a broad range of health professions education organizations. The authors conducted a scoping review to map the literature and describe the evidence that guides the formation of new academies and justifies the continuation of existing ones. METHOD: The authors searched MEDLINE (via Ovid), Embase (via Elsevier and Ovid), CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), and Web of Science (via Clarivate Analytics) from inception through March 6, 2020, for publications regarding academy-like organizations. They mapped the relevant literature using logic modeling as an organizing framework and included the mission, resources, activities, output, outcomes, and impact of the included academies. RESULTS: Of the 513 publications identified, 43 met the inclusion criteria, the oldest of which was published in 2000. Most publications were either case reports or perspective/opinion pieces (26, 57.8%), while studies presenting empirical findings were less common (11, 24.4%). Publications showed that academies were diversifying and increasingly were part of a broad range of organizations, including departments, hospitals, health science campuses, and national organizations. The mission, resources, and activities were similar across academies. Evaluation studies were largely limited to process measures, and rigorous studies examining outcomes (i.e., changes in academy participants) and impact on the organization at large were rare. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the number of academy-related publications parallels the accelerating speed of the academy movement. To sustain this movement, rigorous studies must provide evidence that academies contribute to the revitalization of organizations' teaching mission and bring about an academic culture where educators thrive and where education is a legitimate career path.

Preparing a Health Literate Workforce: The Role of Area Health Education Centers.

Area Health Education Centers (AHEC) play a vital role in creating health literate organizations. In this report, we highlight the work of three AHECs. The Massachusetts AHEC trains oral language healthcare interpreters who can effectively convey complex medical information to patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). The University of Kentucky AHEC trains providers to use the Universal Precautions Health Literacy Toolkit. Finally, the Wisconsin AHEC prepares community health workers (CHWs) to play a vital role in making it easy for people to navigate the healthcare system. These three AHECs serve as models of health literacy's diffusion.

Homelessness: Understanding unmet needs and identifying resources.

BACKGROUND: Graduate occupational therapy students collaborated with an Area Health Education Center (AHEC) to address occupational therapy's role in intervening for individuals who are homeless. OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to provide educational resources on specific needs related to health and wellbeing to individuals who are homeless. METHODS: A variety of methods were used to gather information on common needs of the homeless population related to health and wellbeing, community integration, and development of routines. Initial data was collected through the use of a needs assessment for nine participants with thirteen questions followed with a weekly visit to a homeless shelter. The weekly visits allowed the students to build rapport and trust with the residents to gain an understanding of individual perspectives and barriers to occupation. RESULTS: The students worked with residents how to best access community based resources and services related to occupational needs. Specific needs were identified, and further resources were provided to support community integration, independent living, and self-management. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings provided a basic understanding of the foundational needs of individuals to be used to support future research linking occupational therapy to the homeless population to achieve individual goals, improve health and wellbeing, and enhance life skills management.

Extracurricular activities: a comparative perspective among health colleges in Brazil and Ireland / Atividades extracurriculares: uma perspectiva comparativa entre faculdades de saúde no Brasil e na Irlanda

INTRODUCTION: University influences psychosocial and cognitive development of students, shaping their overview about professional career. Extracurricular activities (EAs) represent a complementary training in university context, which can enhance critical and technical skills. OBJECTIVE: Describe the profile of extracurricular activities developed in two different colleges: Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), in northern Brazil, and Waterford Institute of Technology (WIT), in Southeast Ireland, in the period from March to May 2015. METHODS: This study is characterized as descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, with a sample of 452 academics from 5 courses: Medicine, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy in UEPA (n=306) and Health Promotion and Exercise and Health Studies at WIT (n=146). Data collection was conducted through self-administered questionnaires. RESULTS: Most of students have performed extracurricular activities (80%), with greater female participation (60%). Students also believe that EAs contribute to their training (87%), and have satisfied their initial motivations (97%). The most performed activities are academic leagues, internships and scientific research in UEPA and extension activities (volunteering) and athletic associations in WIT. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that the extracurricular activities most frequently performed by undergraduates from Universidade do Estado do Pará are professional internships, academic leagues and research. However, undergraduates' participation in volunteering and athletic associations predominates in Waterford Institute of Technology. Such divergences reflect social, cultural and economic issues of the respective societies, and may have an impact on professional profile.

INTRODUÇÃO: A universidade influencia o desenvolvimento psicossocial e cognitivo dos estudantes, moldando sua visão geral acerca da carreira profissional. As atividades extracurriculares (AEs) representam formação complementar no contexto universitário, aprimorando habilidades críticas e técnicas. OBJETIVO: Descrever o perfil das atividades extracurriculares desenvolvidas em duas diferentes universidades: Universidade do Estado do Pará (UEPA), no norte do Brasil, e o Waterford Institute of Technology (WIT), no sudeste da Irlanda, no período de Março a Maio de 2015. MÉTODO: O estudo caracteriza-se como descritivo, transversal e observacional, com casuística de 452 universitários de 5 cursos: Medicina, Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional na UEPA (n=306), Promoção de Saúde e Estudos de Saúde, Exercício no WIT (n=146). Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário autoaplicável. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos estudantes desenvolvia atividades extracurriculares (80%), com maior participação feminina (60%). Os estudantes acreditam que as AEs contribuem para sua formação (87%) e tiveram suas motivações iniciais satisfeitas (97%). Entre as atividades mais desenvolvidas estão ligas acadêmicas, estágios e pesquisa científica na UEPA e voluntariado e associações atléticas no WIT. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo demonstrou que as atividades extracurriculares mais frequentemente desenvolvidas pelos graduandos da Universidade do Estado do Pará são estágios profissionais, ligas acadêmicas e pesquisa, enquanto entre os graduandos do Waterford Institute of Technology predominam a participação em voluntariado e associações atléticas. Tais divergências refletem questões de ordem social, cultural e econômicas das respectivas sociedades, podendo ter impacto no perfil de profissional formado.

Estudio Transversal: Prevalencia del Estrés Académico en Estudiantes de Medicina, Asociado al Rendimiento Académico, Universidad de Cuenca, Cuenca ­ Ecuador, 2015 / Cross-Section Research: Prevalence of Academic Stress in Medicine Students, Associated with Academic Performance, University of Cuenca, Cuenca - Ecuador, 2015

INTRODUCCIÓN: El estrés académico es la respuesta ante las demandas de la institución académica, se cree que el nivel de estrés influye de manera directa sobre el académico de forma positiva o negativo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de estrés académico y su asociación con el rendimiento escolar de los estudiantes de medicina. MÉTODO: Se realizó un estudio transversal, el universo estuvo conformado por 1 060 alumnos, desde primero hasta décimo ciclo en el año 2015, de los cuales se tomó una muestra de 285 alumnos, de forma aleatoria y se aplicó el inventario SISCO de Estrés Académico (modificado). El rendimiento académico se determinó por el promedio del último año cursado. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó Microsoft Excel V15.0 y el servidor SPSS Statistics V 15.0. La asociación estadística se obtuvo con pruebas de Chi2 entre el nivel de estrés académico y el promedio. RESULTADOS: El 91.58 % de los estudiantes refirieron cierto grado de estrés académico; 46.7 % moderada intensidad y un 36.48 % percibieron un nivel de alta intensidad. La prevalencia de estrés académico en mujeres (95.45 %), fue mayor al sexo masculino (85 %). Se demostró que no existe una asociación significativa entre el estrés académico y el rendimiento académico. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de estrés académico en los estudiantes es alta y no existe asociación con el rendimiento académico, afectando mayoritariamente al sexo femenino. Sería importante realizar un estudio sobre la forma en que los estudiantes afrontan el estrés académico.

BACKGROUND: Academic stress is the answer at the demands of the academic institution. It is believed that the level of stress affects directly in the academic performance in positive or negative ways. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of academic stress and the association on the academic performance of medical students. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study. The universe was performed of 1 060 students, from the first to the tenth cycle in 2015, the sample was taken of 285 students; randomized and It was applied the SISCO Inventory of Academic (modified). The academic performance was determined by the average of the last year studied. Microsoft Excel V15.0 and SPSS Statistics V 15.0 server were used to analyze the data. The statistical association was obtained with Chi2 tests between the level of academic stress and the average. RESULTS: The 91.58 % of the students reported a certain degree of academic stress; 46.7 % moderate intensity and 36.48 % perceived a high intensity level. The prevalence of academic stress in women (95.45 %) was higher than the man (85 %). It was shown that academic stress is not significantly associated with academic performance. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of academic stress in students is high and It is not significantly associated with academic performance, affecting mainly the women. It would be important to conduct a study on how students deal with academic stress.

El Sistema de Evaluación y Acreditación de Especialidades de Postgrado en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas / The Evaluation and Accreditation System of Post-grade Specialties in the University of Medical Sciences of Matanzas

La acreditación es el resultado de la aplicación de un sistema de autoevaluación y de evaluación externa, dirigido a reconocer públicamente que una institución o programa reúne determinados requisitos de calidad y se exponen algunas consideraciones sobre ello. Se revisaron los documentos básicos aprobados del Sistema de Evaluación y Acreditación de Especialidades de Postgrado de la República de Cuba, los que están constituidos por el Reglamento, el Patrón de Calidad y la Guía de Evaluación, considerando que durante muchos años las especialidades de postgrado han tenido como columna vertebral la actividad profesional en organismos como el Ministerio de Salud Pública. Se exponen algunos aspectos sobre cómo está preparándose la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Matanzas para realizar sus procesos de evaluación de la calidad y las diferentes especialidades que están en condiciones de realizar su autoevaluación y someterse al proceso de evaluación externa para logar ser acreditadas (AU).

The acreditation is the result of applying an auto-evaluation system and an external evaluation directed to publicly recognizing that an institution or program fulfills definite requirements of quality, and several considerations on that are exposed. The main documents of the Evaluation and Accreditation System of the Post-grade Specialties of the Republic of Cuba were reviewed. They include the Regulations, the Pattern of Quality and the Evaluation Guideline, considering that during many years the post-grade specialties have been the main pillar of the professional activities in organizations like the Ministry of Public Health. There are exposed several aspects on how the Medical University of Matanzas is being prepared to carry out the evaluation processes of the quality and of the different specialties that are in conditions of performing their own evaluation and undergoing the external evaluation to be accreditated (AU).

Invarianza factorial del Cuestionario para Evaluar Clima Social del Centro Escolar en estudiantes chilenos y colombianos / Factorial invariance of the Questionnaire for evaluating School Social Climate in Chilean and Colombian students

Resumen La investigación tuvo como objetivo estudiar el grado de equivalencia psicométrica del Cuestionario para Evaluar Clima Social del Centro Escolar (CECSCE) en adolescentes chilenos y colombianos. Los participantes fueron seleccionados a partir de un muestreo no probabilístico intencionado en 11 establecimientos públicos y particulares subvencionados de Chile y Colombia. Participaron 1233 adolescentes de ambos sexos, con una edad promedio de 14.82 (DT = 1.83). Los resultados obtenidos a partir de los análisis factoriales confirmatorios ratificaron la estructura de 2 factores correlacionados en la muestra chilena con el índice chi-cuadrado de Satorra Bentler(76) = 175.664, p < .001; índice de ajuste comparativo = .956; índice de Tucker-Lewis = .948; error cuadrático medio de aproximación = .044 (IC90% = .035-.052) y en la muestra colombiana con el índice chi-cuadrado de Satorra Bentler (76) = 131.508, p < .001; índice de ajuste comparativo = .942; índice de Tucker-Lewis = .931; error cuadrático medio de aproximación = .037 (IC90% = .026-.047). El análisis de invarianza factorial evidenció que el grado de equivalencia transcultural del instrumento se presenta plausible a nivel de invarianza de configuración (M1 = _ índice chi-cuadrado de Satorra Bentler = 35.583; ∆gl = 12; p < .001; _índice de ajuste comparativo = .007). La escala presentó adecuados índices de fiabilidad por consistencia interna y homogeneidad.

Abstract This study aims to determine the degree of psychometric equivalence of the questionnaire for evaluating School Social Climate in Chilean and Colombian adolescents. Using an intentional non-probability sampling, the adolescents were selected from 11 public schools and subsidised private schools in Chile and Colombia. The study involved 1,233 adolescents of both sexes, with a mean age of 14.82 years (SD = 1.83). The results from confirmatory factor analysis ratified the correlated two-factor structure in the Chilean sample Satorra Bentler's chi-square(76) = 175.664, P < .001; comparative fit index = .956; Tucker-Lewis index = .948; root mean square error of approximation = .044 (90% CI = .035-.052), and in the Colombian sample Satorra Bentler's chi-square(76) = 131.508, P < .001; comparative fit index = .942; Tucker-Lewis index = .931; root mean square error of approximation = .037 (90% CI = .026-.047). Invariance factorial analysis showed that the cross cultural level of the instrument is plausible at invariance configuration level (M1 = _Satorra Bentler's chi-square = 35.583;∆gl = 12; P < .001; _comparative fit index = .007). The resulting scale depicted adequate indices of reliability for internal consistency and homogeneity.

Using area health education centers to promote interest in rural practice.

INTRODUCTON: In the USA, area health education centers (AHECs) work to recruit and educate students to serve in medically underserved communities, primary care, and rural settings. One important aspect of their work is connecting students with rural clinical experiences. Within these experiences, AHECs incorporate a community health/socioeconomic experience within the family medicine clerkship that may not be as prevalent in the standard family medicine clerkship experiences. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between AHEC-sponsored family medicine clerkships with a self-reported intent to practice in a rural setting upon graduation. METHODS: The study compared third-year medical students with the Indiana University School of Medicine, which participated in AHEC-sponsored family medicine clerkships to the standard family medicine clerkship. Following the 4-week clerkship, students were asked to report their intent to work in a rural setting using a five-point Likert scale. A χ2 test was used to determine the association of AHEC sponsorship, clerkship site location (rural/urban) and intent to practice in a rural setting. RESULTS: The study consisted of 587 students. There was a statistically significant association between self-reported intent and rural clerkship site, χ2 (1, N=587)=6.542, p=0.01. Furthermore, 21.6% (n=25) of students with a rural clerkship experience reported a greater intent compared to 12.3% (n=58) of students with non-rural clerkship experience. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirmed a significantly positive association between participation in medical clerkship experiences in a rural primary care setting and the intent to practice in a rural setting upon graduation. The results also support the potential value-added benefits through academic-community partnerships with AHECs, family medical and other primary care specialty clerkship programs may perhaps succeed in increasing student interest in pursuing a practice serving in rural communities upon graduation.

Factores que facilitan u obstaculizan el aprendizaje basado en problemas en grupo pequeño, vistos por los estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile / Fatores que facilitam ou dificultam a aprendizagem baseada em problema no pequeno grupo, visto pelos alunos da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile / Factors that facilitate or make difficult the problembased learning in small groups, as seen by students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile

El objetivo del presente estudio fue develar factores que facilitan u obstaculizan el proceso tutorial del aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP) en grupo pequeño, según los destacan los estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Frontera. Se desarrolló la investigación bajo el paradigma cualitativo mediante un estudio de caso. La muestra estuvo constituida por 15 estudiantes informantes claves de los dos últimos niveles curriculares. La información se obtuvo mediante seis entrevistas y un grupo focal. Se hizo triangulación por investigador, juicio de experto y comprobación con participantes en el estudio. Se identificaron 574 unidades de significado, de las cuales 542 se agruparon en 22 categorías. Se destacan entre ellas: Desarrollo del tutorial, Tutor experto en la metodología, Manejo del grupo, Características personales del estudiante y Responsabilidad del estudiante. Emergieron cuatro macro categorías: Competencias propias del tutor, Relaciones humanas y ambiente de aprendizaje, Características y participación de los estudiantes y Aspectos organizacionales. Los estudiantes consideraron relevantes en el proceso tutorial las características del tutor y su experiencia y responsabilidad; también le dieron importancia a las características personales, la experiencia en la metodología, el trabajo colaborativo, las relaciones interpersonales y el ambiente de aprendizaje. Asimismo, a los aspectos administrativos y de gestión que influyen en el desarrollo del ABP...

The objective of the study was to explore factors that facilitate or make difficult the tutorial process in problem-based learning (PBL) in small groups, atthe Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera. Research was done under the qualitative paradigm through a case study. The sample consisted of 15 key informant students of the last two curricular levels. Information was collected through six interviews and a focus group. Triangulation was conducted by researcher, expert judgment and verification with study participants. We identified 574 meaning units, out of which 542 were grouped in 22 categories, among them: Tutorial group development, Tutor as an expert in methodology, Group management, Personal characteristics of the student, and Student responsibility. Four macro-categories emerged, namely: Competences of the tutor, Human relationships and learning environment, Characteristics and participation of the students and Organizational aspects. Students considered that the characteristics of the tutor and his/her experience and responsibility are relevant in the tutorial process. They also emphasized on collaborative work, interpersonal relationships, learning environment, and the administrative aspects that may influence the development of PBL...

O objetivo do presente estudo foi detectar os fatores que facilitam ou dificultam o processo tutorial de aprendizagem baseada em problemas (ABP) em pequeño grupo, de acordó com o suporte aos alunos da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidad de la Frontera. A pesquisa é desenvolvimento no âmbito do paradigma qualitativo por meio de um estudo de caso. A amostra constituiu-se de 15 alunos informanteschave no último dois níveis curriculares. As informaçõesb foram obtidas através de seis entrevistas e um focus group. Triangulação foi feita pelo pesquisador, o julgamento dos peritos e os testes com os participantes do estudo. Foram identificados 574 unidades de significado, das quais 542 foram agrupados em 22 categorias. Se destaca estre elas: Desenvolvimento do tutorial, especialista tutor da metodologia, a gestão do grupo, características pessoais do aluno e a responsabilidade do aluno. Quatro macrocategorias surgiram: competências próprias do tutor, relações humanas, e um ambiente de aprendizagem, características e a participação dos alunos e os aspectos organizacionais. Os Estudantes considerados relevantes no proceso tutor características e sua experiência eresponsabilidade; também deram importância para as características pessoais, a experiência da metodologia,trabalho colaborativo, o relacionamento interpessoal e o ambiente de aprendizagem. Além disso,aspectos administrativos e gerenciais que influenciam o desenvolvimento da ABP...

A educação interprofissional e o Pró PET-Saúde USP-Capital 2012/2014: a percepção de tutores, preceptores e estudantes / Interprofessional education and the Pró PET-Saúde USP-Capital 2012/2014: the tutors, preceptors and students perception

Nos últimos trinta anos, pesquisadores da área da saúde tem dado especial atenção ao tema da educação interprofissional (EIP), por esta estar relacionada com uma maior satisfação dos usuários e a oferta de uma assistência em saúde mais resolutiva e satisfatória. A necessidade de adotarmos a EIP como uma ferramenta para a formação de profissionais da saúde surge a partir do momento que percebemos que nosso sistema de saúde presta cuidados fragmentados e pouco resolutivos. Atualmente, estudos científicos comprovam que a prática colaborativa e um cuidado ofertado com qualidade é facilmente alcançável se os profissionais trabalharem em equipe com objetivos comuns, sendo imprenscindível o desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação interprofissional e prática colaborativa desde o início da graduação. Desta forma, este estudo tomou como objeto de investigação a educação interprofissional, no contexto da atenção primária a saúde e na perspectiva da integração do ensino com os serviços públicos de saúde, por meio do programa Pró PET-Saúde USP-Capital 2012/2014. A escolha do programa para o presente estudo foi devido a natureza interprofissional do projeto, visto que engloba estudantes, preceptores e tutores de diversos cursos da área da saúde e por este ter constituído um espaço privilegiado de aprendizado e aperfeiçoamento na formação

em saúde, dando origem a outras iniciativas interprofissionais na Universidade de São Paulo (USP). A coleta de dados ocorreu de duas formas, sendo a primeira por meio de questionários individuais destinado aos profissionais de saúde (preceptores) e estudantes, com trechos da obra de Lewis Carroll "As Aventuras de Alice no País das Maravilhas", e por meio de um roteiro de entrevista destinado aos docentes (tutores) participantes do programa. Os dados obtidos foram analisados através da análise temática proposta por Minayo. Os resultados mostram que assim como a personagem Alice do livro de Carroll, muitas vezes ficamos confusos sobre quais opções escolher para aperfeiçoar a nossa formação em saúde. Se não soubermos onde queremos chegar, qualquer caminho se torna o certo, porém as evidências comprovam que a escolha por oportunidades de educação interprofissional na graduação e na pós graduação em saúde podem minimizar estereótipos e preconceitos formados pelos estudantes em relação as outras categorias profissionais e desenvolver habilidades de comunicação interprofissional e resolução de conflitos que contribuirá para uma prática colaborativa e a melhor assistência em saúde. Como produto do mestrado profissional foi elaborado um plano de aula destinado aos estudantes da USP com a finalidade de problematizar e permitir uma breve experiência da educação interprofissional.

For the last thirty years, healthcare researchers were giving special attention to the interprofessional education subject (IPE), for it being related to a more positive feedback from the user and a more accurate and satisfactory health care assistance. The need to adopt the IPE as a tool for the formation of professionals on the health area comes from moment where we realize that our health system is delivering a fragmented and less accurate health care. Nowadays, scientific studies show that collaborative practice and the quality of the offered care is more likely if professionals work in a team with common aim, being necessary to develop interprofessional communication skills and collaborative practice since the beginning of the course. Thus, this study took as investigation object the interprofessional education, in the context of the primary health care and the perspective of the integration between education and the public health services, through the program Pró PET-Saúde USP-Capital 2012/2014. The choice of the program for this study was due the interprofessional nature of the project, since it includes students, preceptors and tutors from many healthcare courses and for it being structured in a privileged space for learning and improvement in health training, promoting development to other interprofessional initiatives at Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Data collection

occurred in two ways, the first one being through an individual questionnaire with quotes from the book of Lewis Carroll "Alice in Wonderland" designed for the students who attended to the program, another individual questionnaire intended for health professionals (preceptors) and an interview script destined the professors (tutors) who participated on the program. The data collected were analyzed by the researcher using the thematic analysis proposed by Minayo. Results show that likewise the character Alice from "Alice in wonderland", often we get confused about which options should we chose in order to improve our health training. If we don't know where we want to get to, any path would suffice, however, evidences show that a choice for an opportunity in interprofessional education while in health training could minimize the stereotypes and prejudices formed by students in relation to other professional categories and develop interprofessional communication abilities and conflict management, which will contribute to a collaborative practice and a better health care. As result of the professional master's degree, it was developed a class plan for the students at USP in order to problematize and allow a brief interprofessional education experience.

Does an AHEC-Sponsored Clerkship Experience Strengthen Medical Students' Intent to Provide Care for Medically Underserved Patients?

The mission of Area Health Education Centers (AHECs) is to recruit and educate students to serve as practicing health care professionals in rural, primary care, and medically underserved communities. We sought to determine if participation in an AHEC-sponsored family medicine clerkship experiences during medical school are significantly associated with a self-reported intent to practice primary care in a medically underserved environment upon graduation. The study was a prospective cohort study comparing third-year family medicine students with the Indiana University School of Medicine who participated in either an AHEC-sponsored family medicine clerkship to those who completed their required family medicine clerkship outside of the AHEC setting. Following the 160-h clinical clerkship, all students completed a mandatory, electronic survey and were asked to self-report their intent to the following question: "Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the family medicine clerkship on your intention to provide care to underserved patients when you complete residency training?" The question was integrated into a mandatory post-clerkship evaluation form required by the Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine. A Chi square test of independence as well as a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent association of AHEC clerkship participation and reported intent. A total of 1138 students completed the survey. There were not significant differences in age, gender, race, and ethnicity between students that completed an AHEC clerkship and those that did not. After adjusting for gender, race, and ethnicity, AHEC participants were significantly more likely to report an intention to practice primary care in a medically underserved setting upon graduation. Female students were found to be 1.2-3.4 times as likely to report increased intent compared to male students (95 % CI 1.241-3.394). Participation in an AHEC-supported clerkship was associated with a significant increase in self-reported intent to practice primary care in a medically underserved setting. Additional research is required to determine if participation and/or reported intent are predictive of practice selection after graduation.

Investigación en la Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud,Universidad de Caldas (Colombia), en el contexto Iberoamericano / Pesquisa na Facultade de Ciencias para a Saúde, Universidade de Caldas (Colômbia), no contexto Iberoamericano / Research in the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Caldas (Colombia) in the Ibero-american context

Objetivo: Analizar la producción científica en la Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud de la Universidad de Caldas (Manizales, Colombia) entre los años 1996-2009, a la luz de indicadores internacionales. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron los indicadores definidos en la plataforma SCIMAGO: Índice h, Producción Científica, Colaboración Internacional, Calidad Científica Promedio y Porcentaje de Publicaciones en Revistas del Primer Cuartil SJR. Resultados: De acuerdo a la producción científica y el Producto Interno Bruto, Colombia ocupa el lugar 55 en el mundo y 35 en Latinoamérica. La Universidad de Caldas se encuentra en el puesto 11 entre las universidades colombianas, con 158 de los productos en SCOPUS, de los cuales 105 son de la Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud. De ellos, 40% fue publicado en inglés, 59% en español y 1% en portugués. Los mayores índices h fueron de 5 para un individuo, 7 para un departamento, y 8 para un grupo. Sin embargo, al parecer, no hay una buena correlación entre el índice nativo de Colombia utilizado por COLCIENCIAS (Scienticol) para la clasificación de grupos y los índices internacionales cienciométricos comprobados y bien documentados. Conclusión: La posición de Colombia en el ámbito mundial y latinoamericano puede considerarse como aceptable, aunque su producción científica, en cuanto a número de documentos, está muy por debajo de la de otros países, incluidos los latinoamericanos. Los esfuerzos realizados por la Universidad de Caldas son positivos, pero deben intensificarse para responder al reto social e histórico de la Institución

Objective: To analyze the scientific research at the Faculty for Health Sciences at Universidad de Caldas (Manizales, Colombia) between 1996-2009, in the light of international indicators. Materials and Methods: The following indicators defined in the platform SCIMAGO were used: h index, Scientific Production, International Collaboration, Quality and Percent Average, Scientific Journal Publications of the First Quartile SJR. Results: According to scientific production and GDP, Colombia is ranked 55 in the world and 35 in Latin America. Universidad de Caldas is in the 11th place among Colombian Universities, with 158 products in SCOPUS, from which 105 belongs to the Faculty for Health Sciences. Forty percent was published in English, 59% in Spanish and 1% in Portuguese. The highest h indexes were 5 for an individual, 7 for a department, and 8 for a group. However, apparently, there is not a good correlation between the Colombian native index used by COLCIENCIAS (Scienticol) for classification of groups and the international scientometric scores verified and well documented. Conclusion: The position of Colombia in the global and Latin America environment may be considered acceptable, although its scientific production, in terms of number of documents, is well below other countries. The efforts made by Universidad de Caldas are positive, but should be intensified in order to meet the social and historical challenge of this institution

Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica na Faculdade de Ciências para a Saúde da Universidade de Caldas (Manizales, Colômbia) entre os anos 1996-2009, à luz de indicadores internacionais. Materiais e Métodos: Utilizaram se os indicadores definidos na plataforma SCIMAGO: índice h, Produção Cientifica, Colaboração Internacional, Qualidade Cientifica Media e Porcentagem de publicações em Revistas do Primeiro Cuartil SJR. Resultados: De acordo à produção cientifica e o Produto Interno Bruto; Colômbia ocupa o lugar 55 no mundo e 35 em latino-américa. A Universidade de Caldas se encontra no posto 11 entre as universidades colombianas, com 158 dos produtos em SCOPUS, dos quais 105 são da Faculdade de Ciências para a Saúde. Deles, 40% foi publicado em inglês, 59% em espanhol e 1% em português. Os maiores índices h foram de 5 para um individuo, 7 para um departamento, e 8 para um grupo. Porém, ao parecer, não há uma boa correlação entre o índice nativo de Colômbia utilizado por COLCIENCIAS (Scienticol) para a classificação de grupos e os índices internacionais ciencio - métricos comprovados e bem documentados. Conclusão: A posição de Colômbia no âmbito mundial e latino-americano pode considerar se como aceitável, embora sua produção científica, em quanto ao numero de documentos, esta muito abaixo da de outros países, incluídos os latino-americanos. Os esforços realizados pela Universidade de Caldas são positivos, mas devem intensificar se para responder ao reto social e histórico da Instituição

A study on the correlation between program contact hours and the successful matriculation into college.

Area Health Education Centers (AHECs) play an important role in the recruitment and training of students to serve as practicing health care professionals in rural, primary care, and medically underserved communities. To analyze the relationship between the accumulated contact hours of past students in AHEC programs and their known matriculation into college. 5,189 students, whom participated in Indiana AHEC Network programs, were grouped into eight categories based on accumulated contact hours and matched against two college matriculation databases. The relationship between the number of accumulated contact hours and known college matriculation was statistically significant. The analysis of the data suggests two significant break points in which the number of accumulated contact hours appears to be correlated with increased known college matriculation. The findings indicate accumulated contact hours are significantly correlated with known college matriculation. Furthermore, two significant break points in contact hours at the 5 and 20 contact hours demonstrated increased correlations between program contact hours and known college matriculation. The results of this analysis between participation in area health education center programming and matriculation into higher education may be transferable to other areas of health education.

Forging successful academic-community partnerships with community health centers: the California statewide Area Health Education Center (AHEC) experience.

Increased access to insurance under the Affordable Care Act will increase demands for clinical services in community health centers (CHCs). CHCs also have an increasingly important educational role to train clinicians who will remain to practice in community clinics. CHCs and Area Health Education Centers (AHECs) are logical partners to prepare the health workforce for the future. Both are sponsored by the Health Resources and Services Administration, and they share a mission to improve quality of care in medically underserved communities. AHECs emphasize the educational side of the mission, and CHCs the service side. Building stronger partnerships between them can facilitate a balance between education and service needs.From 2004 to 2011, the California Statewide AHEC program and its 12 community AHECs (centers) reorganized to align training with CHC workforce priorities. Eight centers merged into CHC consortia; others established close partnerships with CHCs in their respective regions. The authors discuss issues considered and approaches taken to make these changes. Collaborative innovative processes with program leadership, staff, and center directors revised the program mission, developed common training objectives with an evaluation plan, and defined organizational, functional, and impact characteristics for successful AHECs in California. During this planning, centers gained confidence as educational arms for the safety net and began collaborations with statewide programs as well as among themselves. The AHEC reorganization and the processes used to develop, strengthen, and identify standards for centers forged the development of new partnerships and established academic-community trust in planning and implementing programs with CHCs.

Núcleo de Educação Permanente em região de municípios de pequeno/médio porte: desafios e potencialidades / Permanent Health Education Center in the region of small municipalities / medium size: challenges and potential

A Política Nacional de Educação Permanente em Saúde (PNEPS) representa o esforço de tornar a rede pública de saúde uma rede de ensino-aprendizagem no exercício do trabalho. No Colegiado de Gestão Regional (CGR) de Itapetininga - DRS XVI - Sorocaba, a implantação de PNEPS teve início em 2007 com a formação dos Núcleos de Educação Permanente (NEP) regionais...