RESUMO
Trueperella pyogenes is an opportunistic pathogen causing suppurative infections in livestock and wild animals. Although this bacterium is known for a long time, our knowledge about its pathogenicity is still insufficient. In this study the relationships between antimicrobial resistance profiles, distribution of virulence factor genes and the origin of T. pyogenes isolates were investigated. Isolates (n = 97) from various infections in domestic animals and European bison were studied. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of 12 antimicrobials were determined by a strip diffusion method, and PCR was used for detection of genes encoding seven putative virulence factors. All strains were susceptible to tested beta-lactams, and a statistically significant correlation between the resistance to enrofloxacin, tetracycline, macrolides, clindamycin, and a strain origin was found. The isolates from European bison were more susceptible than those from livestock, however the resistance to tetracycline and fluoroquinolones was observed. The plo and fimA genes were detected in all strains. There was no statistically significant association between the distribution of particular virulence factor genes and the type of infection, but the nanH, nanP and fimG genes were less frequently found in the isolates from European bison. The presence of three genes, nanP, nanH and cbpA, was found to be related to the resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. In conclusion, the resistance patterns of T. pyogenes were correlated with an isolate origin, but our findings did not allow to indicate which of the putative virulence factors may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of particular types of T. pyogenes infection.
Assuntos
Animais Domésticos/microbiologia , Bison/microbiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/veterinária , Corynebacterium pyogenes/efeitos dos fármacos , Corynebacterium pyogenes/patogenicidade , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Fatores de Virulência/análise , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/microbiologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Fatores de Virulência/genéticaRESUMO
The diversity and dynamics of the uterine microbiota of dairy cows are poorly understood although it is becoming increasingly evident that they play a crucial role in the development of metritis and endometritis. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to monitor the bovine microbiota of 40 cows on the day of calving and days 3, 9, 15, and 21 after parturition, and to investigate the associations of selected species with clinical endometritis (CE). Trueperella pyogenes (43.5%), Escherichia coli (21.5%), Bacillus spp. (21.0%) and Streptococcus uberis (18.5%) were the most frequently isolated microbes. Analyses of different sampling time points revealed that the presence of S. uberis on day 3 increased the risk of subsequent T. pyogenes infection on day 9 (odds ratio [OR] = 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2-22.6). T. pyogenes infection (OR = 36.0, 95% CI = 3.8-343.2) and retained fetal membranes (RFM) (OR = 12.4, 95%CI = 1.4-112.7) were significant risk factors for CE. Cows with S. uberis on day 3 tended to have greater odds of CE than S. uberis-negative cows (OR = 7.1, 95% CI = 0.9-55.6). Chemometric analysis revealed significant differences in the metabolic profile of S. uberis strains isolated from cows with different vaginal discharge scores. This is the first study showing the association of specific S. uberis subtypes with the uterine health status of post-partum dairy cows. The study demonstrates that uterine clearance is a highly dynamic process, during which time bacteria show distinct patterns of progression, and provides information about interactions between bacterial species involved in the occurrence of CE.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/veterinária , Endometrite/veterinária , Infecções por Escherichia coli/veterinária , Infecções Estreptocócicas/veterinária , Doenças Uterinas/veterinária , Infecções por Actinomycetales/epidemiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/imunologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/microbiologia , Infecções por Actinomycetales/veterinária , Animais , Arcanobacterium/isolamento & purificação , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/imunologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/epidemiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/imunologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/microbiologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Endometrite/epidemiologia , Endometrite/imunologia , Endometrite/microbiologia , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Escherichia coli/epidemiologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/imunologia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/microbiologia , Feminino , Alemanha/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Período Pós-Parto , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/veterinária , Infecções Estreptocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/imunologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus/isolamento & purificação , Doenças Uterinas/epidemiologia , Doenças Uterinas/imunologia , Doenças Uterinas/microbiologiaRESUMO
Ovine ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis in sheep of the Dorper breed has been observed in South Africa since 1979. Its aetiology has not been conclusively resolved, and there is some discrepancy in descriptions of its clinical features. In order to identify the pathogenic micro-organism/s that contribute to the occurrence of the disease, the microflora in the genital tracts of both clinically healthy and affected sheep were isolated and compared. Bacteriological examination of materials from affected and unaffected sheep resulted in the isolation of Arcanobacterium pyogenes from 44.2% and 17.2% of them respectively. This difference is statistically significant (P < 0.01). Seventy-four per cent of the isolates originated from severe clinical cases. Mycoplasmas were isolated from 49.3% of 116 clinically normal sheep and 78.2% of 104 affected sheep. There were significant differences in their rates of isolation in clinical groups (P < 0.05). Of all the mycoplasma isolates, Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides large colony variant (MmmLC) was isolated from 61.5% of clinically diseased sheep while 6.0% of the isolates were from apparently healthy animals (P < 0.05). The study threw light on the prevalence of mycoplasmas in the genital tract of apparently healthy sheep and, at the same time the identity of the mycoplasma pathogen associated with ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis was revealed. The findings of this investigation therefore confirmed the involvement of mycoplasma, particularly that of MmmLC large colony, in the disease in Dorper sheep in South Africa, and it was concluded that this microorganism is an important pathogen of balanitis and vulvitis in them. The study furthermore demonstrated a probable synergism between A. pyogenes and MmmLC. Finding these 2 organisms together occurred 53.4 times more frequently in the affected sheep than in the unaffected, which emphasises the probable multifactorial nature of the disease. The association between age and the presence of clinical signs was statistically significant. It was found that young sheep were more likely to have lesions than adult sheep. Clinical observations showed that the typical ulceration appears to be confined to the glans penis and lips of the vulva; no ulceration was observed on the shaft of the penis and prepuce or vaginal vestibule. In uncomplicated cases inflammation of the prepuce and vaginal vestibule is not a regular feature of the disease. Therefore the names ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis most accurately describe the nature of the disease in South Africa.
Assuntos
Balanite (Inflamação)/veterinária , Mycoplasma mycoides , Doenças dos Ovinos/etiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/patologia , Vulvite/veterinária , Fatores Etários , Animais , Balanite (Inflamação)/epidemiologia , Balanite (Inflamação)/etiologia , Balanite (Inflamação)/patologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/epidemiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/etiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/patologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/veterinária , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Masculino , Mycoplasma , Infecções por Mycoplasma/epidemiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/etiologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/patologia , Infecções por Mycoplasma/veterinária , Mycoplasma mycoides/isolamento & purificação , Pleuropneumonia Contagiosa/epidemiologia , Pleuropneumonia Contagiosa/etiologia , Pleuropneumonia Contagiosa/patologia , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , África do Sul/epidemiologia , Vulvite/epidemiologia , Vulvite/etiologia , Vulvite/patologiaAssuntos
Abscesso/veterinária , Burkholderia/isolamento & purificação , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Serratia/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Abscesso/microbiologia , Abscesso/patologia , Animais , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/veterinária , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/patologiaRESUMO
Arcanobacterium pyogenes is an anaerobic Gram-positive bacilli and it is a part of the normal flora in many domestic animals. A. pyogenes is a rare cause of pyogenic infections in humans and most of cases reported are questionable since there was failure to definitively identify the pathogen. A man with no past medical history presented with respiratory infection. The blood sample collected confirmed an Arcanobacterium pyogenes. It was necessary the addition of clarytromycin to the initial empirical treatment with cefotaxime, to the complete recovery. This case provide further evidence that A. pyogenes can be a pathogen in humans even in absence of predisposing illness.
Assuntos
Actinomycetaceae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Actinomycetales/diagnóstico , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Pneumonia Bacteriana/microbiologia , Actinomycetaceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Infecções por Actinomycetales/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Corynebacterium pyogenes/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pneumonia Bacteriana/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Bacteriana/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
We report a case of septic arthritis and osteomyelitis of the left ankle due to Actinomyces pyogenes in a diabetic farmer. Few confirmed human cases of A. pyogenes infection have been reported, partly because of inadequate identification of this bacterium. Bacteriological characteristics of the organism, which resembles Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, are described with a review of previous case reports.
Assuntos
Articulação do Tornozelo/microbiologia , Artrite Infecciosa/microbiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/microbiologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Osteomielite/microbiologia , Animais , Animais Domésticos , Articulação do Tornozelo/patologia , Artrite Infecciosa/complicações , Infecções por Corynebacterium/complicações , Corynebacterium pyogenes/classificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteomielite/complicações , Zoonoses/microbiologiaRESUMO
Beginning in 1990, gram-positive rods resembling Actinomyces pyogenes were found with increasing frequency in mixed cultures from various infectious processes, most of them from patients with otitis, empyema, pilonidal cysts, perianal abscesses, and decubitus ulcers. Ribotyping and hybridization showed that these gram-positive rods could be divided into five groups not related to known Actinomyces species. Biochemical markers for reliable differentiation into these groups, however, could not be found. Therefore, naming new species is not warranted unless parameters are discovered that allow identification without DNA hybridization. These gram-positive rods have been isolated only in mixed cultures with anaerobes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus "milleri," enterococci, and gram-negative rods. Their exact role in these possibly synergistic infections needs further investigation.
Assuntos
Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/isolamento & purificação , Infecção dos Ferimentos/microbiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Pré-Escolar , Corynebacterium pyogenes/genética , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Feminino , Genótipo , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/classificação , Bacilos Gram-Positivos/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hibridização de Ácido Nucleico , Fenótipo , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Actinomyces pyogenes (Corynebacterium pyogenes), a well-known pathogen in many animals, was isolated from 11 Danish patients since 1968. Bacteriologic characteristics and clinical pictures of the patients are described. Ability to hydrolyze gelatine, to produce beta-glucuronidase, to reach with antisera against group-G streptococci, and to produce acid from xylose differentiates A. pyogenes from Arcanobacterium haemolyticum, with which it has at times been confused. Actinomyces pyogenes is an established, but often misrecognized, human pathogen that should be better known to clinical microbiologists.
Assuntos
Actinomyces , Actinomicose/microbiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/microbiologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes , Actinomyces/química , Actinomyces/efeitos dos fármacos , Actinomyces/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Corynebacterium pyogenes/química , Corynebacterium pyogenes/efeitos dos fármacos , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Pyomyositis (PM) is characterized by bacterial infection and suppuration of striated muscle. It is very rarely encountered in temperate climates. Only five cases have hitherto been reported in Denmark. Two cases of PM are presented. Both of these demonstrate the difficulty of establishing early diagnosis and the severe complications of PM.
Assuntos
Infecções por Corynebacterium/diagnóstico , Miosite/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções por Corynebacterium/tratamento farmacológico , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Miosite/diagnóstico , Miosite/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , SupuraçãoAssuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Corynebacterium/diagnóstico por imagem , Abscesso Pulmonar/microbiologia , Pneumonia/microbiologia , Adolescente , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Abscesso Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pneumonia/diagnóstico por imagem , RadiografiaRESUMO
A 2-year-old dog was examined because of gradual lameness of all 4 limbs and weight loss. Hypertrophic osteopathy was diagnosed. Radiography revealed a mass in the caudal lobe of the right lung. At necropsy, the mass was determined to be a chronic abscess. Corynebacterium pyogenes was cultured from the lesion. Although hypertrophic osteopathy in dogs is commonly associated with a thoracic lesion, most often neoplastic, the chronic lung abscess in this dog might have been formed as a result of a paralaryngeal abscess that was treated 3 months before the onset of the lameness.
Assuntos
Infecções por Corynebacterium/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Hiperostose/veterinária , Abscesso Pulmonar/veterinária , Animais , Doença Crônica , Infecções por Corynebacterium/complicações , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Cães , Hiperostose/etiologia , Abscesso Pulmonar/complicações , MasculinoRESUMO
Microbiologic culture revealed the following cause of mastitis and anorexia in 145 cows in Wisconsin to be Escherichia coli, 66 cows; Klebsiella spp, 3; Corynebacterium pyogenes, 27; streptococci, 21; staphylococci, 20; yeasts, 1; and no bacterial growth, 7. Mastitis was detected with approximately equal frequency throughout the year. Escherichia coli was isolated throughout the year, but was more common and was the predominant organism during the summer. Corynebacterium pyogenes was isolated most often in winter and spring; streptococci in fall, winter, and spring; and staphylococci throughout the year. Corynebacterium pyogenes caused most of the mastitis in nonlactating cows. Escherichia coli, C pyogenes, streptococci, and staphylococci were isolated with about equal frequency at parturition, whereas E coli was the predominant cause of mastitis in early and late lactation. Of cases of mastitis, 27% were seen 10 days before and after parturition. Local and systemic clinical signs of infection were similar for all causes, except that C pyogenes caused more (P less than 0.01) malodorous and purulent milk than did other organisms and was isolated more commonly from quarters with injured teats. Recovery was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher in cows with E coli infections, compared with recovery in cows with gram-positive organism infections. Cows with C pyogenes infections frequently had quarters that ultimately ceased lactation. A few cows were recumbent at initiation of antimicrobial therapy and a few were not eating 24 hours later; however, 50% of these cows recovered. Criteria such as season of year, stage of lactation, appearance of milk and udder, and appetite permitted the cause (gram-negative or gram-positive organisms) of the mastitis to be predicted with 77% accuracy.
Assuntos
Anorexia/veterinária , Doenças dos Bovinos/etiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/veterinária , Mastite Bovina/etiologia , Animais , Anorexia/tratamento farmacológico , Anorexia/epidemiologia , Anorexia/etiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Klebsiella/isolamento & purificação , Lactação , Mastite Bovina/tratamento farmacológico , Mastite Bovina/epidemiologia , Leite/microbiologia , Gravidez , Estações do Ano , Staphylococcus/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus/isolamento & purificação , Wisconsin/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Six dairy cows with limb cellulitis responded differently to treatment. The location of the cellulitis on the limb seemed to influence the course, severity and prognosis of the disease, as judged by its responsiveness to therapy. Cellulitis which extended from the coronet to above the carpus or hock was more severe and had a poorer prognosis than cellulitis distal to these joints. The degree of lameness exhibited by the cows indicated the severity and extent of the underlying cellulitis.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/imunologia , Celulite (Flegmão)/veterinária , Infecções por Corynebacterium/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Celulite (Flegmão)/tratamento farmacológico , Celulite (Flegmão)/etiologia , Celulite (Flegmão)/patologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Corynebacterium/patologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Sulfato de Di-Hidroestreptomicina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Membro Anterior/patologia , Membro Posterior/patologia , Penicilina G Procaína/uso terapêutico , PrognósticoRESUMO
A total of 62 strains of Actinomyces pyogenes (previously Corynebacterium pyogenes) were examined by the API 20 Strep system (API System, La Balme Les Grottes, Montalieu-Vercieu, France). The system was shown to be reliable and rapid when the tests were compared with standard identification methods. No confusion occurred with streptococcal profiles in the current API 20 Strep data base.
Assuntos
Actinomyces/isolamento & purificação , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Corynebacterium/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Bovinos , Mastite Bovina/microbiologia , Leite/microbiologiaAssuntos
Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Trombose/veterinária , Veia Cava Inferior , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Fusobacterium necrophorum/isolamento & purificação , Trombose/microbiologia , Trombose/patologiaAssuntos
Infecções por Corynebacterium/veterinária , Mastite Bovina/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária , Infecções Estreptocócicas/veterinária , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Infecções por Corynebacterium/microbiologia , Corynebacterium pyogenes/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Irlanda , Peptococcus/isolamento & purificação , Estações do Ano , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia , Streptococcus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
A 5-year-old cow developed signs of bacterial endocarditis subsequent to parturition and mastitis. Massive vegetative lesions on the pulmonic valve were imaged with 2-dimensional echocardiography.