RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (G6PDd) can trigger hemolysis following surgical stress. Differentiating G6PDd-related post-operative hemolytic episodes (PHE) and post-hepatectomy liver failure may be challenging especially in living donors where donor safety is paramount. We analysed outcomes of our cohort of G6PDd liver donors. METHODS: G6PDd individuals with no evidence of hemolysis were considered as living donors if there was no alternative family donor. Outcomes of G6PDd donors undergoing left lateral/left lobe donation (Group LL) and right lobe donation (Group RL) were compared with non-G6PDd donors matched in a 1:3 ratio using propensity score matching. RESULTS: 59 G6PDd donors (5.8% of 1011) underwent living donor hepatectomy (LiDH) during the study period. LL-G6PDd donors (22.37%) had higher post-operative peak bilirubin level compared to matched controls, but no difference in morbidity or need for post-operative blood transfusion.RL-G6PDd donors (37.63%) had higher peak bilirubin level, morbidity (16.2% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.017) and more post-operative blood transfusion (21.6% vs. 6.4%, p = 0.023) as compared to matched non-G6PDd cohort. Four RL-G6PDd donors (10.8%) developed PHE. Low G6PD activity (15% vs. 40%, p = 0.034) and lower future liver remnant (FLR) (34.3% vs. 37.8%, p = 0.05) were identified as risk factors for PHE. CONCLUSION: We report the largest to-date series of G6PDd individuals undergoing LiDH and confirm the safety of LL donation in G6PDd. Our analysis identifies specific risk factors for PHE and suggests that right lobe LiDH be avoided in individuals with less than 25% G6PD activity when the FLR is less than 36%.
Assuntos
Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase , Transplante de Fígado , Humanos , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Doadores Vivos , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/cirurgia , Hemólise , Pontuação de Propensão , Fígado , Hepatectomia/efeitos adversos , Bilirrubina , Medição de RiscoAssuntos
Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma/tratamento farmacológico , Urato Oxidase/uso terapêutico , Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Humanos , Linfo-Histiocitose Hemofagocítica/complicações , Linfoma/complicações , Masculino , Terapia de Salvação , Urato Oxidase/efeitos adversos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Epidemiological studies provide compelling evidence that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency individuals are relatively protected against Plasmodium parasite infection. However, the animal model studies on this subject are lacking. Plus, the underlying mechanism in vivo is poorly known. In this study, we used a G6pd-deficient mice infected with the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei (P.berghei) to set up a malaria model in mice. We analyzed the pathological progression of experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) and acute liver injury in mice with different G6pd activity infected with P.berghei. We performed dual RNA-seq for host-parasite transcriptomics and validated the changes of proinflammatory response in the murine model. G6pd-deficient mice exhibited a survival advantage, less severe ECM and mild liver injury compared to the wild type mice. Analysis based on dual RNA-seq suggests that G6pd-deficient mice are protected from ECM and acute liver injury were related to proinflammatory responses. Th1 differentiation and dendritic cell maturation in the liver and spleen were inhibited in G6pd-deficient mice. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were reduced, chemokines and vascular adhesion molecules in the brain were significantly down-regulated, these led to decreased cerebral microvascular obstruction in G6pd-deficient mice. We generated the result that G6pd-deficiency mediated protection against ECM and acute liver injury were driven by the regulatory proinflammatory responses. Furthermore, bioinformatics analyses showed that P.berghei might occur ribosome loss in G6pd-deficient mice. Our findings provide a novel perspective of the underlying mechanism of G6PD deficiency mediated protection against malaria in vivo.
Assuntos
Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/complicações , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/complicações , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/prevenção & controle , Malária Cerebral/complicações , Malária Cerebral/prevenção & controle , Animais , Biomarcadores , Biópsia , Barreira Hematoencefálica/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Ativação Enzimática , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Hemólise , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/metabolismo , Hepatopatias Parasitárias/patologia , Malária Cerebral/metabolismo , Camundongos , Plasmodium bergheiRESUMO
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, the most common genetic inherited trait among humans, affects ~7% of the global population, and is associated with excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) regulates immune function, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, fibrosis, cancer, and vascular dysfunction. This study examined whether G6PD deficiencies can alter TGF-ß-mediated NADPH oxidases (NOX) and cell adhesion molecules (CAM) in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC). Results show that treatment with high glucose and the saturated free fatty acid palmitate significantly downregulated G6PD; in contrast, mRNA levels of TGF-ß components, NOX and its activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly upregulated in HAEC. The expression levels of TGF-ß and its receptors, NOX and its activity, and ROS were significantly higher in HG-exposed G6PD-deficient cells (G6PD siRNA) compared to G6PD-normal cells. The protein levels of adhesion molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1 and TNF) were significantly increased in HG-exposed G6PD-deficient cells compared to G6PD-normal cells. The adherence of monocytes (SC cells) to HAEC was significantly elevated in HG-treated G6PD-deficient cells compared to control cells. Pharmacological inhibition of G6PD enhances ROS, NOX and its activity, and endothelial monocyte adhesion; these effects were impeded by NOX inhibitors. The inhibition of TGF-ß prevents NOX2 and NOX4 mRNA expression and activity, ROS, and adhesion of monocytes to HAEC. L-Cysteine ethyl ester (cell-permeable) suppresses the mRNA levels of TGF-ß and its receptors, along with NOX2 and NOX4, and decreases NOX activity, ROS, and adhesion of monocytes to HAEC. This suggests that G6PD deficiency promotes TGF-ß/NADPH oxidases/ROS signaling, the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelial monolayer, which can contribute to a higher risk for CVD.
Assuntos
Adesão Celular , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Leucócitos/metabolismo , NADPH Oxidases/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Glicemia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/metabolismo , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Humanos , Leucócitos/imunologia , Monócitos/imunologia , Monócitos/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most prevalent abnormal enzyme condition in the general population, but most patients are asymptomatic (crises are triggered by certain drugs or foods). The clinical consequences are greater in patients coming from endemic areas of malaria (antimalarial medication can trigger a crisis). The increase in migratory flows has led to an increase in the number of people affected by the deficiency in our practice, which makes it interesting to carry out a literature review of this condition. Some authors have communicated that patients with G6PD deficiency have an increase in prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, which requires the strict control of cardiovascular risk factors. However, these patients show a decrease in colorectal cancer prevalence. In addition, donations of bone marrow and haematopoietic derivatives could be performed safely.
Assuntos
Antimaláricos/efeitos adversos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/epidemiologia , Antimaláricos/administração & dosagem , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/terapia , Humanos , Malária/tratamento farmacológico , Malária/epidemiologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD-D) is the most common red blood cell enzymopathy disorder. Severe hemolysis due to G6PD-D may rarely manifest as methemoglobinemia. Although acute hemolytic crises are usually induced by the exposure to certain oxidative stresses, diabetic ketoacidosis may also elicit hemolytic reactions in G6PD deficient persons. CASE REPORT A 17-year-old male with type 1 diabetes mellitus presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and features of hemolytic anemia which turned to be G6PD-D related. Interestingly, the arterial blood gas of the patient showed an elevated methemoglobin level (8.1%). CONCLUSIONS G6PD-D induced hemolysis is conventionally caused by oxidative stress, however, we report here a case of G6PD-D induced methemoglobinemia as a complication of diabetic ketoacidosis that has not been, as far as we know, previously reported.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/complicações , Cetoacidose Diabética/complicações , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/diagnóstico , Metemoglobinemia/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Metemoglobinemia/etiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study aiming to identify risk factors associated with G6PD deficiency, its frequency and geographic distribution in Nouakchott, in order to provide useful informations to monitor it. As this disease has never previously been studied in Mauritania, we tried to define the epidemiological profile and the burden of morbidity related to G6PD deficiency in a newborn population in two health structures in the city of Nouakchott. METHODS: This study was conducted in two hospitals in Nouakchott, at the Maternity and Infant Hospital and at the Health Center in Sebkha between August and October 2015. A sampling of 523 newborns having different sexes was enrolled in the study. Screening was based on BinaxNow G6PD test, followed by quantitative confirmation in positive patients. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS20. RESULTS: G6PD deficiency was higher in male newborns (15% vs 7% p = 0.007) and, in particular, in black children (15% vs 8% p = 0.001). The prevalence of G6PD deficiency in the study population was 11.09% (58/523). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study on G6PD deficiency in the Mauritanian population. It provides important informations on the epidemiological features of G6PD deficiency in the region of Nouakchott. A degree of variability exists in the occurrence of G6PD deficiency in the ethnic groups.
Assuntos
Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/epidemiologia , Triagem Neonatal/métodos , População Negra/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etnologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Mauritânia/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
Mature red blood cells are reliant on the glycolytic pathway for energy production and the hexose monophosphate shunt for cell protection from oxidative insults. The most common red blood cell enzyme disorders are characterized by hemolysis but with wide clinical variability. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most common red cell enzyme disorder worldwide. Frequent clinical presentations include neonatal jaundice and episodic hemolysis after exposure to oxidative stress. Symptoms of pyruvate kinase deficiency and other glycolytic enzyme disorders include neonatal jaundice, chronic hemolytic anemia, gallstones, and transfusion-related and transfusion-independent iron overload. Diagnosis is critical for appropriate supportive care, monitoring, and treatment.
Assuntos
Anemia Hemolítica Congênita não Esferocítica/diagnóstico , Anemia Hemolítica Congênita não Esferocítica/etiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/diagnóstico , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Piruvato Quinase/deficiência , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo dos Piruvatos/diagnóstico , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo dos Piruvatos/etiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/terapia , Humanos , Piruvato Quinase/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Haemolysis risk with single dose or short course primaquine was evaluated in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient people. METHODS: Major electronic databases (to August 2016) were searched for single or short course 8-aminoquinolines (8-AQ) in (1) randomized comparisons against placebo in G6PD deficient people; and (2) observational comparisons in G6PD deficient compared to replete people. Two authors independently assessed eligibility, risk-of-bias, and extracted data. RESULTS: Five randomized controlled trials and four controlled observational cohorts were included. In G6PD deficient individuals, high-dose (0.75 mg/kg) PQ resulted in lower average haemoglobin levels at 7 days (mean difference [MD] -1.45 g/dl, 95% CI -2.17 to -0.74, 2 trials) and larger percentage fall from baseline to day 7 (MD -10.31%, 95% CI -17.69 to -2.92, 3 trials) compared to placebo. In G6PD deficient compared to replete people, average haemoglobin was lower at 7 days (MD -1.19 g/dl, 95% CI -1.94 to -0.44, 2 trials) and haemoglobin change from baseline to day 7 was greater (MD -9.10%, 95% CI -12.55 to -5.65, 5 trials). One small trial evaluated mid-range PQ dose (0.4-0.5 mg/kg) in G6PD deficient people, with no difference detected in average haemoglobin at day 7 compared to placebo. In one cohort comparing G6PD deficient and replete people there was a greater fall with G6PD deficiency (MD -4.99%, 95% CI -9.96 to -0.02). For low-dose PQ (0.1-0.25 mg/kg) in G6PD deficient people, haemoglobin change from baseline was similar to the placebo group (MD 1.72%, 95% CI -1.89 to 5.34, 2 trials). Comparing low dose PQ in G6PD deficient with replete people, the average haemoglobin was lower in the G6PD deficient group at 7 days (-0.57 g (95% CI -0.97 to -0.17, 1 trial)); although change from baseline was similar (MD -1.45%, 95% CI -5.69 to 2.78, 3 trials). CONCLUSIONS: Falls in average haemoglobin are less marked with the 0.1 to 0.25 mg/kg PQ than with the 0.75 mg/kg dose, and severe haemolytic events are not common. However, data were limited and the evidence GRADE was low or very low certainty.
Assuntos
Antimaláricos/efeitos adversos , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Primaquina/efeitos adversos , Aminoquinolinas/efeitos adversos , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Patients infected by Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium ovale suffer repeated clinical attacks without primaquine therapy against latent stages in liver. Primaquine causes seriously threatening acute hemolytic anemia in patients having inherited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Access to safe primaquine therapy hinges upon the ability to confirm G6PD normal status. CareStart G6PD, a qualitative G6PD rapid diagnostic test (G6PD RDT) intended for use at point-of-care in impoverished rural settings where most malaria patients live, was evaluated. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: This device and the standard qualitative fluorescent spot test (FST) were each compared against the quantitative spectrophotometric assay for G6PD activity as the diagnostic gold standard. The assessment occurred at meso-endemic Panenggo Ede in western Sumba Island in eastern Indonesia, where 610 residents provided venous blood. The G6PD RDT and FST qualitative assessments were performed in the field, whereas the quantitative assay was performed in a research laboratory at Jakarta. The median G6PD activity ≥ 5 U/gHb was 9.7 U/gHb and was considered 100% of normal activity. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency by quantitative assessment (<5 U/gHb) was 7.2%. Applying 30% of normal G6PD activity as the cut-off for qualitative testing, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for G6PD RDT versus FST among males were as follows: 100%, 98.7%, 89%, and 100% versus 91.7%, 92%, 55%, and 99%; P = 0.49, 0.001, 0.004, and 0.24, respectively. These values among females were: 83%, 92.7%, 17%, and 99.7% versus 100%, 92%, 18%, and 100%; P = 1.0, 0.89, 1.0 and 1.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The overall performance of G6PD RDT, especially 100% negative predictive value, demonstrates suitable safety for G6PD screening prior to administering hemolytic drugs like primaquine and many others. Relatively poor diagnostic performance among females due to mosaic G6PD phenotype is an inherent limitation of any current practical screening methodology.
Assuntos
Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina/métodos , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/diagnóstico , Malária/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/enzimologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Humanos , Indonésia/epidemiologia , Malária/epidemiologia , Masculino , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , Saúde da População Rural , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Global ambitions to eliminate malaria are intensifying, underscoring a critical need for transmission blocking tools. In 2012, the WHO recommended the use of 0.25 mg/kg of single low-dose (SLD) primaquine to stop Plasmodium falciparum transmission. To ensure the availability of SLD primaquine to countries in need of this tool, more information on the supply, programmatic, and regulatory barriers to the rollout of SLD primaquine is required. METHODS: Challenges to the rollout of SLD primaquine in sub-Saharan Africa were established through semi-structured qualitative interviews with three primaquine manufacturers, 43 key informants from Ethiopia, Senegal, Swaziland, Zambia, and Tanzania, and 16 malaria research experts. RESULTS: Sanofi and Remedica are the only two sources of SRA-approved primaquine suitable for procurement by international donors. Neither manufacturer produces primaquine tablet strengths suitable for the transmission blocking indication. In-country key informants revealed that the WHO weight-based recommendation to use SLD primaquine is challenging to implement in actual field settings. Malaria programmes expressed safety concerns of SLD primaquine use in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, as well as potential interactions between primaquine and co-morbidities, and drug-drug interactions with HIV and/or tuberculosis treatments. Regulatory processes are a major barrier to the rollout of SLD primaquine, requiring multiple steps at both the country and global level. Despite these barriers, demand for SLD primaquine is growing, and malaria researchers are interested in primaquine deployment through mass screen and treat and/or mass drug administration campaigns. CONCLUSION: Demand for primaquine as a transmission blocking agent is growing rapidly yet multiple barriers to SLD primaquine use exist. Research is needed to define the therapeutic dose range, which will guide dosing regimens in the field, inform the development of new, lower strength primaquine tablets and/or formulation(s), and allay programmatic safety concerns in individuals with G6PD deficiency. Potential interactions between primaquine and co-morbidities and treatments should be explored. To minimize regulatory delays, countries need to prepare for product registration at an early stage, WHO prequalification for suitable primaquine tablet strengths and/or new formulations should be sought, and in the meanwhile only Stringent Regulatory Authority (SRA)-approved primaquine should be used.
Assuntos
Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Política de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Malária Falciparum/tratamento farmacológico , Primaquina/uso terapêutico , África Subsaariana/epidemiologia , Antimaláricos/provisão & distribuição , Interações Medicamentosas , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Primaquina/provisão & distribuição , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Deficiency of the enzyme G6PD (G6PDd) is caused by mutations in the gene G6PD, which plays an important role in protecting the red blood cell against oxidizing agents; it is linked to chromosome X, and it may affects both sexes. The clinically relevant manifestations, such as acute haemolytic anaemia, mainly occur in men, however. The 8-aminoquinoline primaquine, which is the medication used in the radical treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, represents the main factor that triggers complications associated with G6PDd. The current study aims to estimate the costs of G6PDd among male individuals infected by P. vivax in the Brazilian Amazon. METHODS: This is an economic analysis developed within the Brazilian National Health System perspective for the years of 2009, 2010 and 2011. Direct medical and non-medical costs were estimated for G6PDd in the Brazilian Amazon, considering among those suffering from the deficiency the costs of diagnosing infection by P. vivax, its treatment and severe adverse events that require hospitalization and were connected to the use of primaquine. RESULTS: The estimates of the average costs of diagnosing vivax malaria, of its treatment and of severe adverse events after using primaquine among the carriers of G6PDd, over the three evaluated years, corresponded to US$ 739,410.42; US$ 2,120.04 and US$ 4,858,108.87, respectively. The results indicate that the average total cost in the study period corresponded to US$ 5,599,639.33, varying in accordance with the sensitivity analysis between US$ 4,439,512.14 and US$ 6,702,619.24. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the use of primaquine among men with G6PDd who are infected by P. vivax represents a heavy burden on the public health service of Brazil.
Assuntos
Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/economia , Malária Vivax/economia , Plasmodium vivax/fisiologia , Primaquina/uso terapêutico , Antimaláricos/economia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Humanos , Malária Vivax/diagnóstico , Malária Vivax/tratamento farmacológico , Malária Vivax/parasitologia , Masculino , Primaquina/economiaRESUMO
ABO incompatibility and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency G6PD are common haematological problems affecting the newborn. The resulting haemolytic disease of foetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by either of these pathologies generally follows a benign course. It is typically characterized by mild jaundice without significant anaemia. ABO incompatibility alone as a cause of foetal hydrops is extremely rare. We report a case of a newborn baby girl with an anti-B isoimmunisation and G6PD deficiency manifesting with hydrops foetalis, anaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia, born to a mother with blood group O.
Assuntos
Incompatibilidade de Grupos Sanguíneos , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Hidropisia Fetal/etiologia , Anemia/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hidropisia Fetal/diagnóstico por imagem , Hiperbilirrubinemia/etiologia , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
This study investigated the prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and ß-thalassaemia trait among Arab migrating nomad children in southern Islamic Republic of Iran. Blood samples were analysed from 134 schoolchildren aged < 18 years (51 males, 83 females). Low serum ferritin (< 12 ng/dL) was present in 17.9% of children (21.7% in females and 11.8% in males). Low haemoglobin (Hb) correlated significantly with a low serum ferritin. Only 1 child had G6PD deficiency. A total of 9.7% of children had HbA2 ≥ 3.5 g/dL, indicating ß-thalassaemia trait (10.8% in females and 7.8% in males). Mean serum iron, serum ferritin and total iron binding capacity were similar in males and females. Serum ferritin index was as accurate as Hb index in the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anaemia. A high prevalence of ß-thalassaemia trait was the major potential risk factor in this population.
Assuntos
Anemia Ferropriva/etnologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etnologia , Migrantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Talassemia beta/etnologia , Adolescente , Anemia Ferropriva/sangue , Anemia Ferropriva/etiologia , Anorexia/complicações , Árabes/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Ferritinas/sangue , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/sangue , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Hemoglobina A2/análise , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Ferro/sangue , Masculino , Pica/complicações , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Abastecimento de Água/normas , Talassemia beta/sangue , Talassemia beta/etiologiaRESUMO
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common RBC enzymatic disorder in humans capable of producing hemolytic events. Recently, concern has been raised about using G6PD-deficienct subjects as hemopoietic stem cell (HSC) donors. In a 10-year period, 101 consecutive HSC donors were submitted to donation procedures for transplantation inside their families in our Center. All donors were tested for G6PD and 19 (19%) turned out to be G6PD-deficient. The donors' safety and the effectiveness of these transplant outcomes were compared with those of the remaining 82 donors. No difference could be observed in any safety parameter between the two groups. No difference was recorded in donors' complications rates, in HSC production, in quantity of growth factor required, in Hb early drop or in Hb recovery. No difference was found in transplant outcome. From this retrospective analysis, we conclude that a G6PD-deficient but otherwise healthy volunteer can be selected as a HSC donor.
Assuntos
Citaferese , Doação Dirigida de Tecido , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/patologia , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/patologia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/terapia , Adulto , Doadores de Sangue , Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Estudos de Coortes , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Filgrastim , Seguimentos , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/complicações , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/efeitos adversos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/farmacologia , Fármacos Hematológicos/efeitos adversos , Fármacos Hematológicos/metabolismo , Fármacos Hematológicos/farmacologia , Hematopoese/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Ilhas do Mediterrâneo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/sangue , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/complicações , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/metabolismo , Transplante de Células-Tronco de Sangue Periférico/efeitos adversos , Proteínas Recombinantes/efeitos adversos , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Doadores de TecidosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Bilirubin encephalopathy continued to be reported worldwide. This multicenter study was conducted to explore the clinical characteristics, comorbidities and prognosis of bilirubin encephalopathy in China. METHODS: The survey was conducted in 33 level III hospitals. Clinical charts of infants with diagnosis of bilirubin encephalopathy or kernicterus at discharge were reviewed. The data were collected by a detaild questionnaire and analyzed. RESULTS: From January to December in 2009, 348 cases of bilirubin encephalopathy were reported from 28 hospitals. The mean birth weight was (3112.4 ± 599.6) grams, mean gestational age was (38.3 ± 2.3) weeks; 291 (83.6%) cases were term infants, 40 (11.5%) cases were late-preterm infants, and 11 (3.2%) cases were early preterm infants. After admission, the highest bilirubin level was (478.1 ± 175.8) µmol/L. Of all the 348 cases, the age at admission was (7.3 ± 5.4) days; 247 (71.0%) cases were admitted before 7 days of age, 24 (6.9%) cases were admitted after 14 days of age. Most of the cases (86.2%) were complicated with other conditions, including bacterial infection (52.6%), ABO incompatibility (29.9%), and perinatal asphyxia (10.1%). A total of 131 infants (37.6%) underwent an exchange transfusion. Use of albumin, intravenous immunoglobulin was also common (68.7% and 44.0% respectively). A total of 52 cases were of minority ethnic groups, with significantly higher rate of G6PD deficiency than Han ethnicity cases. During the hospitalization and follow up, 36 infants died, and 125 infants (35.9%) were lost to follow up. CONCLUSIONS: Bilirubin encephalopathy is still not rare in China, the establishment of a population-based reporting system and prevention of kernicterus remain a high priority among public health institutions.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Bilirrubina/sangue , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/epidemiologia , Kernicterus/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/etiologia , Peso ao Nascer , China/epidemiologia , Seguimentos , Idade Gestacional , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Humanos , Hiperbilirrubinemia Neonatal/complicações , Incidência , Recém-Nascido , Doenças do Recém-Nascido/diagnóstico , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Doenças do Prematuro/diagnóstico , Doenças do Prematuro/epidemiologia , Kernicterus/diagnóstico , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Carbamatos/administração & dosagem , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/diagnóstico , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Inibidores da Protease de HIV/administração & dosagem , Organofosfatos/administração & dosagem , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Furanos , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Infecções por HIV/diagnóstico , Hemoglobinas/efeitos dos fármacos , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Probabilidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Anemia Hemolítica/etiologia , Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/complicações , Doença Aguda , Anemia Hemolítica/genética , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Feminino , Genes Ligados ao Cromossomo X , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/etiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/genética , Hemólise , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inativação do Cromossomo XRESUMO
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked hemolytic enzymopathy affecting 3% of Southern Chinese males. Among 275 adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (SCT), five cases (1.8%) each of donors and recipients were G6PD deficient. Among 107 autologous SCT, four patients (3.7%) were G6PD deficient. All subjects were male, except for two female patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The incidence of G6PD deficiency in female CML patients was significantly higher than the background female incidence (P = 0.004), but comparable with that in the males (P = 0.664). There was no significant hemolysis or delay in red cell engraftment, and all but one patient converted to donor G6PD screening status. One female patient achieved partial correction of her G6PD status and relapsed at 10 months. We suggest that G6PD deficiency should be tested for in all marrow donors and recipients in susceptible populations. From our data, there is a suggestion of increased clinical incidence of G6PD deficiency in female patients with multi-lineage clonal marrow disorders.