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1.
J Evid Based Dent Pract ; 24(2): 101986, 2024 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38821651

RESUMO

ARTICLE TITLE AND BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: Digitally versus conventionally fabricated complete dentures: A systematic review on cost-efficiency analysis and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Tew, In Meei, Suet Yeo Soo, and Edmond Ho Nang Pow.The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (2023). SOURCE OF FUNDING: No fund was received. TYPE OF STUDY/DESIGN: Systematic review.


Assuntos
Análise Custo-Benefício , Planejamento de Dentadura , Prótese Total , Humanos , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Planejamento de Dentadura/economia , Prótese Total/economia , Medidas de Resultados Relatados pelo Paciente , Revisões Sistemáticas como Assunto
2.
PLoS One ; 19(5): e0301440, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38809934

RESUMO

Computer-aided design (CAD) models can now be directly converted into products and structures. One technique to realize such approach is through Additive Manufacturing (AM). AM is relatively new manufacturing technology in which products are manufactured by layering various materials like rubber, metal, ceramic, composites, and polymers. However, the use of this technology requires consideration of its associated cost to ensure its competitiveness. In this paper, a simplified mathematical cost model is suggested. The model considers the main components of costs. The model formula utilizes expenses related to the pre-processing, main processing, and the post-processing operations. To validate the model, it is tested to estimate the cost of medical implants manufacturing using AM technique. In many cases, medical implants require unique or dedicated design for each patient. Hence cost estimation will help to assess and estimate the required financial resources for such operations. A case study is provided in this paper to estimate the manufacturing cost of a finger's phalanges bone, with metal implant using AM technique. The developed model may be described as Activity Based Costing (ABC). The model is introduced to estimate the cost of parts produced using AM technique. Although the model is developed to suit custom implant manufacturing using AM technique, its use may also be adapted to suit the manufacturing of many other parts and products. The developed model is aiming to achieve several tasks namely assigning cost drivers to each activity, estimating the cost of individual actions, allocating overhead expenses, calculating the overall production cost, and establishing an acceptable selling price. It assists companies in computing the cost of custom implants for customers, enhancing the accuracy of production cost estimates, and ultimately boosting profitability.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador , Próteses e Implantes , Próteses e Implantes/economia , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Humanos , Custos e Análise de Custo , Modelos Teóricos , Modelos Econômicos , Desenho de Prótese/economia
3.
Plast Reconstr Surg ; 147(2): 476-479, 2021 02 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33565833

RESUMO

SUMMARY: The vascularized fibular flap has been the mainstay for mandibular reconstruction for over 30 years. Its latest evolutionary step is the jaw-in-a-day operation, during which the fibula flap and dental prosthesis restoration are performed in a single stage. Computer-aided design and manufacturing technology in mandibular reconstruction has gained popularity, as it simplifies the procedure and produces excellent outcomes. However, it is costly, time-consuming, and limited in cases that involve complex defects, including bone and soft-tissue coverage. Moreover, it does not allow for intraoperative changes in the surgical plan, including defect size and recipient vessel selection.The authors describe their approach, including a conventional technique for fibula osteoseptocutaneous flap harvest without the need for a premanufactured cutting guide, using bundled wooden tongue spatulas instead, a stereolithographic model to customize commercially ready-made reconstruction plates, and two pieces of resin to maintain occlusive alignment of the remaining jaw segments during mandibular osteotomy. Dental implants are inserted free-hand. Vector guides are then connected to the implants following insertion into the fibula to confirm acceptable alignment and subsequently replaced with scan sensors. An intraoperative digital scan is used to design and to produce a dental prosthesis by in-house milling of a polymethylmethacrylate block. From our 10-case experience over the past 3 years, we have found that our approach offers a reliable method that matches the excellent outcomes seen using full computer-assisted design and manufacturing technology. It is time- and cost-effective, not limited to relatively simple jaw defects, and can readily accommodate intraoperative changes of surgical plan.


Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/transplante , Osteotomia Mandibular/efeitos adversos , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodos , Transplante Ósseo/instrumentação , Análise Custo-Benefício , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária/métodos , Fíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Fíbula/transplante , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico/economia , Humanos , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Neoplasias Mandibulares/cirurgia , Reconstrução Mandibular/instrumentação , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estereolitografia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
PLoS One ; 15(12): e0244205, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33370346

RESUMO

In view of the high homogeneity of tourism products all over the country, an attempt is made to design virtual visit tourism products with cultural experience background, which can reflect the characteristics of culture + tourism in different scenic spots, so that tourists can deeply experience the local culture. Combined with computer aided design (CAD), the virtual three-dimensional (3D) modeling system of scenic spots is designed, and VR real scene visit interactive tourism products suitable for different scenic spots are designed. 360° VR panoramic display technology is used for 360° VR panoramic video shooting and visiting system display production of Elephant Trunk Hill park scenery. A total of 157 images are collected and 720 cloud panoramic interactive H5 tool is selected to produce a display system suitable for 360° VR panoramic display of scenic spots. Meanwhile, based on single view RGB-D image, the latest convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm and point cloud processing algorithm are used to design the indoor 3D scene reconstruction algorithm based on semantic understanding. Experiments show that the pixel accuracy and mean intersection over union of the indoor scene layout segmentation network segmentation results are 89.5% and 60.9%, respectively, that is, it has high accuracy. The VR real scene visit interactive tourism product can make tourists have a more immersive sense of interaction and experience before, during and after the tour.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador/normas , Turismo , Realidade Virtual , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Humanos , Marketing/métodos , Redes Neurais de Computação
5.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 11453, 2020 07 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32651436

RESUMO

Craniofacial prostheses are commonly used to restore aesthetics for those suffering from malformed, damaged, or missing tissue. Traditional fabrication is costly, uncomfortable for the patient, and laborious; involving several hours of hand-crafting by a prosthetist, with the results highly dependent on their skill level. In this paper, we present an advanced manufacturing framework employing three-dimensional scanning, computer-aided design, and computer-aided manufacturing to efficiently fabricate patient-specific ear prostheses. Three-dimensional scans were taken of ears of six participants using a structured light scanner. These were processed using software to model the prostheses and 3-part negative moulds, which were fabricated on a low-cost desktop 3D printer, and cast with silicone to produce ear prostheses. The average cost was approximately $3 for consumables and $116 for 2 h of labour. An injection method with smoothed 3D printed ABS moulds was also developed at a cost of approximately $155 for consumables and labour. This contrasts with traditional hand-crafted prostheses which range from $2,000 to $7,000 and take around 14 to 15 h of labour. This advanced manufacturing framework provides potential for non-invasive, low cost, and high-accuracy alternative to current techniques, is easily translatable to other prostheses, and has potential for further cost reduction.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Orelha/fisiologia , Auxiliares de Audição/economia , Próteses e Implantes/economia , Humanos , Impressão Tridimensional , Desenho de Prótese/economia , Software
6.
Rev Col Bras Cir ; 46(1): e2011, 2019 Jan 17.
Artigo em Português, Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30672976

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: by using a 3D printer, to create a low-cost human chest cavity simulator that allows the reproduction of the closed chest drainage technique (CCD), comparing its effectiveness with that of the animal model. METHODS: it was made a 3D printing of the bony framework of a human thorax from a chest computerized tomography scan. After printing the ribs, we performed tests with several materials that contributed to form the simulation of the thoracic cavity and pleura. An experimental, randomized, and controlled study, comparing the efficacy of the simulator to the efficacy of the animal model, was then carried out in the teaching of CCD technique for medical students, who were divided into two groups: animal model group and simulator model group, that trained CCD technique in animals and in the simulator model, respectively. RESULTS: the chest reconstruction required anatomical knowledge for tomography analysis and for faithful 3D surface editing. There was no significant difference in the safety of performing the procedure in both groups (7.61 vs. 7.73; p=0.398). A higher score was observed in the simulator model group for "use as didactic material" and "learning of the chest drainage technique", when compared to the animal model group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: the final cost for producing the model was lower than that of a commercial simulator, what demonstrates the feasibility of using 3D printing for this purpose. In addition, the developed simulator was shown to be equivalent to the animal model in relation to the simulation of the drainage technique for practical learning, and there was preference for the simulator model as didactic material.


OBJETIVO: criar, em impressora 3D, um simulador de baixo custo de caixa torácica humana que permita a reprodução da técnica de drenagem fechada de tórax (DFT) comparando sua eficácia com a do modelo animal. MÉTODOS: foi realizada impressão 3D do arcabouço ósseo de um tórax humano a partir de uma tomografia de tórax. Após a impressão das costelas, foram realizados testes com diversos materiais que contribuíram para formar a simulação da caixa torácica e da pleura. Foi, então, realizado um estudo experimental, randomizado e controlado comparando sua eficácia ao modelo animal no ensino da DFT para estudantes de medicina, que foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Modelo Animal e Grupo Modelo Simulador, que treinaram DFT em animais e no modelo simulador, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: a reconstrução do tórax exigiu o conhecimento anatômico para análise da tomografia e para edição fiel da superfície 3D. Não houve diferença significativa quanto à segurança de realizar o procedimento entre os grupos (7,61 vs. 7,73; p=0,398). Foi observada maior pontuação no grupo modelo simulador para uso como material didático e aprendizado da técnica de drenagem torácica quando comparado ao grupo modelo animal (p<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: o custo final para a confecção do modelo foi inferior ao de um simulador comercial, o que demonstra a viabilidade do uso da impressão 3D para esse fim. Além disso, o simulador desenvolvido se mostrou equivalente ao modelo animal quanto à simulação da técnica de drenagem para aprendizado prático e houve preferência pelo modelo simulador como material didático.


Assuntos
Tubos Torácicos , Desenho Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Educação Médica/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento/instrumentação , Modelos Anatômicos , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/educação , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/instrumentação , Treinamento por Simulação/métodos , Adulto , Competência Clínica , Simulação por Computador , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Custos e Análise de Custo , Educação Médica/economia , Desenho de Equipamento/economia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/economia , Médicos , Treinamento por Simulação/economia , Estudantes de Medicina , Adulto Jovem
7.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 46(1): e2011, 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: biblio-976949

RESUMO

RESUMO Objetivo: criar, em impressora 3D, um simulador de baixo custo de caixa torácica humana que permita a reprodução da técnica de drenagem fechada de tórax (DFT) comparando sua eficácia com a do modelo animal. Métodos: foi realizada impressão 3D do arcabouço ósseo de um tórax humano a partir de uma tomografia de tórax. Após a impressão das costelas, foram realizados testes com diversos materiais que contribuíram para formar a simulação da caixa torácica e da pleura. Foi, então, realizado um estudo experimental, randomizado e controlado comparando sua eficácia ao modelo animal no ensino da DFT para estudantes de medicina, que foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo Modelo Animal e Grupo Modelo Simulador, que treinaram DFT em animais e no modelo simulador, respectivamente. Resultados: a reconstrução do tórax exigiu o conhecimento anatômico para análise da tomografia e para edição fiel da superfície 3D. Não houve diferença significativa quanto à segurança de realizar o procedimento entre os grupos (7,61 vs. 7,73; p=0,398). Foi observada maior pontuação no grupo modelo simulador para uso como material didático e aprendizado da técnica de drenagem torácica quando comparado ao grupo modelo animal (p<0,05). Conclusão: o custo final para a confecção do modelo foi inferior ao de um simulador comercial, o que demonstra a viabilidade do uso da impressão 3D para esse fim. Além disso, o simulador desenvolvido se mostrou equivalente ao modelo animal quanto à simulação da técnica de drenagem para aprendizado prático e houve preferência pelo modelo simulador como material didático.


ABSTRACT Objective: by using a 3D printer, to create a low-cost human chest cavity simulator that allows the reproduction of the closed chest drainage technique (CCD), comparing its effectiveness with that of the animal model. Methods: it was made a 3D printing of the bony framework of a human thorax from a chest computerized tomography scan. After printing the ribs, we performed tests with several materials that contributed to form the simulation of the thoracic cavity and pleura. An experimental, randomized, and controlled study, comparing the efficacy of the simulator to the efficacy of the animal model, was then carried out in the teaching of CCD technique for medical students, who were divided into two groups: animal model group and simulator model group, that trained CCD technique in animals and in the simulator model, respectively. Results: the chest reconstruction required anatomical knowledge for tomography analysis and for faithful 3D surface editing. There was no significant difference in the safety of performing the procedure in both groups (7.61 vs. 7.73; p=0.398). A higher score was observed in the simulator model group for "use as didactic material" and "learning of the chest drainage technique", when compared to the animal model group (p<0.05). Conclusion: the final cost for producing the model was lower than that of a commercial simulator, what demonstrates the feasibility of using 3D printing for this purpose. In addition, the developed simulator was shown to be equivalent to the animal model in relation to the simulation of the drainage technique for practical learning, and there was preference for the simulator model as didactic material.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Tubos Torácicos , Desenho Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/educação , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/instrumentação , Educação Médica/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento/instrumentação , Treinamento por Simulação/métodos , Modelos Anatômicos , Médicos , Estudantes de Medicina , Simulação por Computador , Competência Clínica , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/economia , Custos e Análise de Custo , Educação Médica/economia , Desenho de Equipamento/economia , Treinamento por Simulação/economia
8.
Surg Oncol ; 27(2): 200-207, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29937172

RESUMO

Facial symmetry, as well as function, remains the big challenge for surgeons who attempt mandibular reconstruction. Nowadays several studies recommend the use of computer aided surgery (CAS) and CAD/CAM technology to guide mandibular segmental osteotomies and reconstruction using free fibula flap. Although these systems have radically changed the way of doing mandibular reconstructive surgery, they are expensive and require extended periods of time for prototypation. This may be an important limitation in case of malignant neoplasms which require short-term treatment. The aim of our study is to investigate the reliability and efficiency of a protocol to obtain cutting guides produced in a "homemade" way. This study includes four consecutive patients who underwent a segmental mandibulectomy and fibula osteo-cutaneous free flap reconstruction for oral squamous cell carcinoma between January and September 2016. The CAD/CAM system algorithm proposed was based on the use of free open source software for digital planning and 3D layer plastic deposition printer. A cost of about 3 Euro for each case was estimated. An average mean distance between 3D preoperative and postoperative mesh points of 1.631 mm and a standard deviation of 5.496 mm has been demonstrated by 3D volume overlay analysis. Overlapping results with much shorter prototyping time was required with the in-house procedure described as compared to the available commercial system. In conclusion, we expect that this technique will reduce operative time and cost however further study and large series are needed to confirm our results and better define the applicability in everyday surgical practice.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Análise Custo-Benefício , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodos , Neoplasias Bucais/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/economia , Desenho Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Feminino , Fíbula/transplante , Seguimentos , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico , Humanos , Masculino , Reconstrução Mandibular/economia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Bucais/economia , Prognóstico , Software
9.
Cardiol J ; 24(4): 436-444, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28541602

RESUMO

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has attracted a huge interest in recent years. Broadly speaking, it refers to the technology which converts a predesigned virtual model to a touchable object. In clinical medicine, it usually converts a series of two-dimensional medical images acquired through computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or 3D echocardiography into a physical model. Medical 3D printing consists of three main steps: image acquisition, virtual reconstruction and 3D manufacturing. It is a promising tool for preoperative evaluation, medical device design, hemodynamic simulation and medical education, it is also likely to reduce operative risk and increase operative success. However, the most relevant studies are case reports or series which are underpowered in testing its actual effect on patient outcomes. The decision of making a 3D cardiac model may seem arbitrary since it is mostly based on a cardiologist's perceived difficulty in performing an interventional procedure. A uniform consensus is urgently necessary to standardize the key steps of 3D printing from imaging acquisition to final production. In the future, more clinical trials of rigorous design are possible to further validate the effect of 3D printing on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. (Cardiol J 2017; 24, 4: 436-444).


Assuntos
Técnicas de Imagem Cardíaca/métodos , Cardiologia/métodos , Desenho Assistido por Computador , Modelos Cardiovasculares , Modelagem Computacional Específica para o Paciente , Impressão Tridimensional , Desenho de Prótese/métodos , Animais , Prótese Vascular , Técnicas de Imagem Cardíaca/economia , Técnicas de Imagem Cardíaca/normas , Cardiologia/economia , Cardiologia/normas , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Desenho Assistido por Computador/normas , Análise Custo-Benefício , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Humanos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Imageamento Tridimensional , Modelagem Computacional Específica para o Paciente/economia , Modelagem Computacional Específica para o Paciente/normas , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Impressão Tridimensional/economia , Impressão Tridimensional/normas , Desenho de Prótese/economia , Desenho de Prótese/normas
10.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban ; 49(1): 86-91, 2017 02 18.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28203010

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To compare the technician fabrication time and clinical working time of custom trays fabricated using two different methods, the three-dimensional printing custom trays and the conventional custom trays, and to prove the feasibility of the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) custom trays in clinical use from the perspective of clinical time cost. METHODS: Twenty edentulous patients were recruited into this study, which was prospective, single blind, randomized self-control clinical trials. Two custom trays were fabricated for each participant. One of the custom trays was fabricated using functional suitable denture (FSD) system through CAD/CAM process, and the other was manually fabricated using conventional methods. Then the final impressions were taken using both the custom trays, followed by utilizing the final impression to fabricate complete dentures respectively. The technician production time of the custom trays and the clinical working time of taking the final impression was recorded. RESULTS: The average time spent on fabricating the three-dimensional printing custom trays using FSD system and fabricating the conventional custom trays manually were (28.6±2.9) min and (31.1±5.7) min, respectively. The average time spent on making the final impression with the three-dimensional printing custom trays using FSD system and the conventional custom trays fabricated manually were (23.4±11.5) min and (25.4±13.0) min, respectively. There was significant difference in the technician fabrication time and the clinical working time between the three-dimensional printing custom trays using FSD system and the conventional custom trays fabricated manually (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The average time spent on fabricating three-dimensional printing custom trays using FSD system and making the final impression with the trays are less than those of the conventional custom trays fabricated manually, which reveals that the FSD three-dimensional printing custom trays is less time-consuming both in the clinical and laboratory process than the conventional custom trays. In addition, when we manufacture custom trays by three-dimensional printing method, there is no need to pour preliminary cast after taking the primary impression, therefore, it can save the impression material and model material. As to completing denture restoration, manufacturing custom trays using FSD system is worth being popularized.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador , Técnica de Moldagem Odontológica/economia , Técnica de Moldagem Odontológica/instrumentação , Fatores de Tempo , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Materiais para Moldagem Odontológica , Prótese Total/economia , Humanos , Boca Edêntula , Impressão Tridimensional , Estudos Prospectivos , Método Simples-Cego
11.
Prosthet Orthot Int ; 41(2): 205-209, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27117013

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The prosthetic options for higher level amputees are limited and costly. Advancements in computer-aided design programs and three-dimensional printing offer the possibility of designing and manufacturing transitional prostheses at very low cost. The aim of this project was to describe an inexpensive three-dimensional printed mechanical shoulder prosthesis to assist a pre-selected subject in performing bi-manual activities. TECHNIQUE: The main function of the body-powered, manually adjusted three-dimensional printed shoulder prosthesis is to provide a cost-effective, highly customized transitional device to individuals with congenital or acquired forequarter amputations. DISCUSSION: After testing the prototype on a young research participant, a partial correction of the patient's spinal deviation was noted due to the counterweight of the device. The patient's family also reported improved balance and performance of some bimanual activities after 2 weeks of using the device. Limitations of the design include low grip strength and low durability. Clinical relevance The prosthetic options for higher level amputees are limited and costly. The low-cost three-dimensional printed shoulder prosthesis described in this study can be used as a transitional device in preparation for a more sophisticated shoulder prosthesis.


Assuntos
Membros Artificiais , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Impressão Tridimensional , Desenho de Prótese/economia , Ajuste de Prótese/métodos , Amputados/reabilitação , Braço , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Análise Custo-Benefício , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Mãos , Humanos , Masculino , Desenho de Prótese/métodos , Ombro , Estados Unidos
12.
J Chem Inf Model ; 56(12): 2310-2319, 2016 12 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27802024

RESUMO

Isomer networks provide a mechanism to understand and interpret relationships between organic molecules with applications in medicinal chemistry and drug design. The extraction of isomer networks is a time- and data-intensive computation (e.g., we have experimentally determined the space required for the computation of a set of 25 isomers of nicotine to be 205 MB; extrapolating this, we have projected the computation to require 8 TB of storage for a set of 1 050 219 isomers of nicotine). In this paper we describe our efforts to improve the network extraction process by using the symmetry present in most molecules to reduce runtime and memory and streamlining the algorithm used for the detection of duplicate dnNames. Together, these techniques result in reductions in memory of up to 60% and improvements in runtime of up to a factor of 100.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Desenho de Fármacos , Nicotina/química , Agonistas Nicotínicos/química , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Isomerismo , Fatores de Tempo
13.
Int J Comput Dent ; 19(2): 115-34, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês, Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27274561

RESUMO

Nowadays, dental numerical controlled (NC) milling machines are available for dental laboratories (labside solution) and dental production centers. This article provides a mechanical engineering approach to NC milling machines to help dental technicians understand the involvement of technology in digital dentistry practice. The technical and economic criteria are described for four labside and two production center dental NC milling machines available on the market. The technical criteria are focused on the capacities of the embedded technologies of milling machines to mill prosthetic materials and various restoration shapes. The economic criteria are focused on investment cost and interoperability with third-party software. The clinical relevance of the technology is discussed through the accuracy and integrity of the restoration. It can be asserted that dental production center milling machines offer a wider range of materials and types of restoration shapes than labside solutions, while labside solutions offer a wider range than chairside solutions. The accuracy and integrity of restorations may be improved as a function of the embedded technologies provided. However, the more complex the technical solutions available, the more skilled the user must be. Investment cost and interoperability with third-party software increase according to the quality of the embedded technologies implemented. Each private dental practice may decide which fabrication option to use depending on the scope of the practice.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária/instrumentação , Laboratórios Odontológicos , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Materiais Dentários/química , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária/economia , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária/normas , Eficiência , Engenharia , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Investimentos em Saúde , Laboratórios Odontológicos/economia , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito/economia , Propriedades de Superfície , Tecnologia Odontológica/instrumentação
14.
Int J Comput Dent ; 19(1): 45-62, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês, Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27027102

RESUMO

The dental milling machine is an important device in the dental CAD/CAM chain. Nowadays, dental numerical controlled (NC) milling machines are available for dental surgeries (chairside solution). This article provides a mechanical engineering approach to NC milling machines to help dentists understand the involvement of technology in digital dentistry practice. First, some technical concepts and definitions associated with NC milling machines are described from a mechanical engineering viewpoint. The technical and economic criteria of four chairside dental NC milling machines that are available on the market are then described. The technical criteria are focused on the capacities of the embedded technologies of these milling machines to mill both prosthetic materials and types of shape restorations. The economic criteria are focused on investment costs and interoperability with third-party software. The clinical relevance of the technology is assessed in terms of the accuracy and integrity of the restoration.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , Cerâmica/química , Resinas Compostas/química , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Custos e Análise de Custo , Materiais Dentários/química , Planejamento de Prótese Dentária/instrumentação , Eficiência , Engenharia , Desenho de Equipamento , Segurança de Equipamentos , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Tecnologia Odontológica/instrumentação , Fluxo de Trabalho
15.
Sci Rep ; 6: 19983, 2016 Feb 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26857747

RESUMO

Robotic lower limb prostheses can improve the quality of life for amputees. Development of such devices, currently dominated by long prototyping periods, could be sped up by predictive simulations. In contrast to some amputee simulations which track experimentally determined non-amputee walking kinematics, here, we explicitly model the human-prosthesis interaction to produce a prediction of the user's walking kinematics. We obtain simulations of an amputee using an ankle-foot prosthesis by simultaneously optimizing human movements and prosthesis actuation, minimizing a weighted sum of human metabolic and prosthesis costs. The resulting Pareto optimal solutions predict that increasing prosthesis energy cost, decreasing prosthesis mass, and allowing asymmetric gaits all decrease human metabolic rate for a given speed and alter human kinematics. The metabolic rates increase monotonically with speed. Remarkably, by performing an analogous optimization for a non-amputee human, we predict that an amputee walking with an appropriately optimized robotic prosthesis can have a lower metabolic cost--even lower than assuming that the non-amputee's ankle torques are cost-free.


Assuntos
Amputados/reabilitação , Membros Artificiais/economia , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Perna (Membro)/fisiologia , Desenho de Prótese/economia , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Robótica/economia , Robótica/métodos
16.
J Comput Aided Mol Des ; 30(3): 237-49, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26897747

RESUMO

Large-scale computing technologies have enabled high-throughput virtual screening involving thousands to millions of drug candidates. It is not trivial, however, for biochemical scientists to evaluate the technical alternatives and their implications for running such large experiments. Besides experience with the molecular docking tool itself, the scientist needs to learn how to run it on high-performance computing (HPC) infrastructures, and understand the impact of the choices made. Here, we review such considerations for a specific tool, AutoDock Vina, and use experimental data to illustrate the following points: (1) an additional level of parallelization increases virtual screening throughput on a multi-core machine; (2) capturing of the random seed is not enough (though necessary) for reproducibility on heterogeneous distributed computing systems; (3) the overall time spent on the screening of a ligand library can be improved by analysis of factors affecting execution time per ligand, including number of active torsions, heavy atoms and exhaustiveness. We also illustrate differences among four common HPC infrastructures: grid, Hadoop, small cluster and multi-core (virtual machine on the cloud). Our analysis shows that these platforms are suitable for screening experiments of different sizes. These considerations can guide scientists when choosing the best computing platform and set-up for their future large virtual screening experiments.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador , Descoberta de Drogas , Software , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Bases de Dados de Produtos Farmacêuticos , Descoberta de Drogas/economia , Descoberta de Drogas/métodos , Humanos , Ligantes , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Membro 1 do Grupo A da Subfamília 4 de Receptores Nucleares/metabolismo , Proteínas/metabolismo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Software/economia , Interface Usuário-Computador
17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26817398

RESUMO

3D-printing (3DP) is the art and science of printing in a new dimension using 3D printers to transform 3D computer aided designs (CAD) into life-changing products. This includes the design of more effective and patient-friendly pharmaceutical products as well as bio-inspired medical devices. It is poised as the next technology revolution for the pharmaceutical and medical-device industries. After decorous implementation scientists in collaboration with CAD designers have produced innovative medical devices ranging from pharmaceutical tablets to surgical transplants of the human face and skull, spinal implants, prosthetics, human organs and other biomaterials. While 3DP may be cost-efficient, a limitation exists in the availability of 3D printable biomaterials for most applications. In addition, the loss of skilled labor in producing medical devices such as prosthetics and other devices may affect developing economies. This review objectively explores the potential growth and impact of 3DP costs in the medical industry.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Indústrias/tendências , Impressão Tridimensional/economia , Desenho Assistido por Computador/tendências , Indústria Farmacêutica/economia , Indústria Farmacêutica/tendências , Desenho de Equipamento , Equipamentos e Provisões/economia , Humanos , Indústrias/economia , Preparações Farmacêuticas/economia , Impressão Tridimensional/tendências
19.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop ; 147(4): 509-16, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25836011

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The introduction of digital cast models is inevitable in the otherwise digitized everyday life of orthodontics. The introduction of this new technology, however, is not straightforward, and selecting an appropriate system can be difficult. The aim of the study was to compare 4 orthodontic digital software systems regarding service, features, and usability. METHODS: Information regarding service offered by the companies was obtained from questionnaires and Web sites. The features of each software system were collected by exploring the user manuals and the software programs. Replicas of pretreatment casts were sent to Cadent (OrthoCAD; Cadent, Carlstadt, NJ), OthoLab (O3DM; OrthoLab, Poznan, Poland), OrthoProof (DigiModel; OrthoProof, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands), and 3Shape (OrthoAnalyzer; 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark). The usability of the programs was assessed by experts in interaction design and usability using the "enhanced cognitive walkthrough" method: 4 tasks were defined and performed by a group of domain experts while they were observed by usability experts. RESULTS: The services provided by the companies were similar. Regarding the features, all 4 systems were able to perform basic measurements; however, not all provided the peer assessment rating index or the American Board of Orthodontics analysis, simulation of the treatment with braces, or digital articulation of the casts. All systems demonstrated weaknesses in usability. However, OrthoCAD and 03DM were considered to be easier to learn for first-time users. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the usability of these programs was poor and needs to be further developed. Hands-on training supervised by the program experts is recommended for beginners.


Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador , Modelos Dentários , Software , Simulação por Computador , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Materiais para Moldagem Odontológica/química , Técnica de Moldagem Odontológica/instrumentação , Retroalimentação , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Registro da Relação Maxilomandibular , Laboratórios Odontológicos , Manuais como Assunto , Modelos Dentários/economia , Aparelhos Ortodônticos , Ortodontia Corretiva/métodos , Planejamento de Assistência ao Paciente , Interface Usuário-Computador
20.
Ann Med ; 47(3): 186-208, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25873231

RESUMO

Rapid prototyping (RP) technologies have found many uses in dentistry, and especially oral and maxillofacial surgery, due to its ability to promote product development while at the same time reducing cost and depositing a part of any degree of complexity theoretically. This paper provides an overview of RP technologies for maxillofacial reconstruction covering both fundamentals and applications of the technologies. Key fundamentals of RP technologies involving the history, characteristics, and principles are reviewed. A number of RP applications to the main fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery, including restoration of maxillofacial deformities and defects, reduction of functional bone tissues, correction of dento-maxillofacial deformities, and fabrication of maxillofacial prostheses, are discussed. The most remarkable challenges for development of RP-assisted maxillofacial surgery and promising solutions are also elaborated.


Assuntos
Prótese Maxilofacial , Cirurgia Bucal/instrumentação , Cirurgia Bucal/métodos , Materiais Biocompatíveis/economia , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Engenharia Biomédica/economia , Engenharia Biomédica/métodos , Desenho Assistido por Computador/economia , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Lasers , Interface Usuário-Computador
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