RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Echinococcosis, commonly known as hydatid disease, is a zoonotic infection resulting from the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The occurrence of hydatid cysts in the orbital region is uncommon, representing less than 1% of all reported hydatid cases. This report details a unique case of an intramuscular hydatid cyst in the orbital region that led to compressive optic neuropathy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 22-year-old male from Kabul, Afghanistan presented with a five-month history of progressive proptosis in his left eye, associated with a gradual decrease in vision over the past three weeks. The left eye exhibited upward globe dystopia, ocular motility limitation, mild conjunctival injection, and chemosis. Diagnosis was achieved through imaging and histopathological examination. Treatment involves surgical removal of the cyst and prolonged albendazole therapy. The postoperative course showed significant improvement in the patient's condition and restoration of his vision. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its rarity, this case underscores the importance of awareness and knowledge of hydatid disease among physicians, especially those working in endemic areas. It emphasizes the importance of including hydatid disease in the differential diagnosis of orbital masses, particularly in endemic regions.
Assuntos
Equinococose , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias , Doenças do Nervo Óptico , Doenças Orbitárias , Humanos , Masculino , Equinococose/diagnóstico , Equinococose/complicações , Adulto Jovem , Doenças do Nervo Óptico/diagnóstico , Doenças do Nervo Óptico/parasitologia , Doenças do Nervo Óptico/cirurgia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/cirurgia , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Albendazol/uso terapêutico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (RCM) may result in severe intracranial ischemic and hemorrhagic lesions. Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an essential role in the diagnosis of RCM, but whereas CT is better for assessing bone erosion, MRI is superior in evaluating soft tissue, intraorbital extension, and in assessing intracranial and vascular invasion. Specific CT and MRI techniques, such as CT angiography or enhanced MR angiography, and more advanced MRI sequences such as gadolinium-3D Black Blood imaging, contribute to the assessment of the extension of vascular invasion.In this pictorial review, we describe specific CT and MRI signs of RCM, mainly focusing on its life-threatening complications due to vascular involvement.
Assuntos
Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalopatias/parasitologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Mucormicose/diagnóstico por imagem , Neuroimagem , Sinusite/diagnóstico por imagem , Sinusite/parasitologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Encefalopatias/complicações , Isquemia Encefálica/etiologia , Trombose do Corpo Cavernoso/etiologia , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraniano/etiologia , Mucormicose/complicações , Doenças Orbitárias/complicações , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Sinusite/complicaçõesAssuntos
Equinococose/diagnóstico por imagem , Echinococcus granulosus/isolamento & purificação , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Animais , Exoftalmia/diagnóstico por imagem , Exoftalmia/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Órbita/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologiaRESUMO
Intra-orbital hydatid cyst is a very rare pathological entity that affects children and the young adults; it is secondary to the development in the orbit of the echinococcus granulosis tapeworm. Its frequency does not exceed 1% of all cases of hydatid disease. Clinical presentation of intra-orbital hydatid cyst is dominated by proptosis and a decrease in visual acuity, complete surgical excision is difficult, evolution is generally better when the treatment is early before the installation of irreversible optic atrophy. We report one case of a 3 years old girl operated for right intra-orbital hydatid cyst who presented with proptosis and blindness. Complete removal was difficult and puncture of the cyst was performed followed by excision of its membrane with good post-operative results. We also discuss the different epidemiological, clinical, radiological and therapeutic aspects of intra-orbital hydatid cyst and a review of literature of this rare pathology.
Assuntos
Equinococose/diagnóstico , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Cegueira/parasitologia , Pré-Escolar , Equinococose/parasitologia , Equinococose/cirurgia , Exoftalmia/parasitologia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/cirurgia , Acuidade VisualAssuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/análise , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Paragonimíase/diagnóstico , Paragonimus/imunologia , Animais , Anti-Helmínticos/uso terapêutico , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Quimioterapia Combinada , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/terapia , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Oftalmológicos/métodos , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/terapia , Paragonimíase/parasitologia , Paragonimíase/terapia , Praziquantel/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Ophthalmomyiasis externa is the infestation of external ocular structures most commonly by Oestrus ovis, sheep nasal bot fly, which have a pupal stage in soil. Farmers and shepherds are commonly affected but rarely in urban areas. This is the first case of Oestrus ovis ophthalmomyiasis externa in California since Catalina Island 1986. No livestock exposure was noted. Manure fertilizer sourced from grazing fields of natural hosts was used on a local urban sports field and is the suspected source.
Assuntos
Dípteros , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Miíase/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Adolescente , Animais , California , Meio Ambiente , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Humanos , Larva/citologia , Masculino , Miíase/diagnóstico , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , OvinosRESUMO
Sonography (US) is commonly required when a superficial lump appears. We present the case of a patient for whom US was highly suggestive of living worms causing a recurrent periorbital mass. After surgery, the final diagnosis was a nodule composed of dirofilariasis larva.
Assuntos
Dirofilariose/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Dirofilariose/parasitologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ultrassonografia/métodosRESUMO
A young male patient presented to our ocular emergency department with chief complaints of progressive pain, redness, diplopia and a right-sided face turn. Ocular examination revealed severely restricted extraocular movements along with retinal folds in the left eye. Initial orbital ultrasound and CT findings were equivocal; however, serology favoured an infective cause. Considering the endemicity of the disease and equivocal investigation findings, a diagnosis of orbital cysticercosis with an atypical presentation was made. The patient was managed medically with a combination of oral albendazole and steroids over a period of 6 weeks to achieve optimal results.
Assuntos
Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/diagnóstico , Músculos Oculomotores/diagnóstico por imagem , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Albendazol/administração & dosagem , Albendazol/uso terapêutico , Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Cisticercose/tratamento farmacológico , Cisticercose/parasitologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Diplopia/diagnóstico , Diplopia/etiologia , Doenças Endêmicas , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/parasitologia , Músculos Oculomotores/parasitologia , Músculos Oculomotores/patologia , Músculos Oculomotores/fisiopatologia , Órbita/patologia , Doenças Orbitárias/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/patologia , Prednisolona/administração & dosagem , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Sparganosis is one of the neglected but important food-borne parasitic zoonoses, with higher prevalence in Asian countries. The infection is commonly located in the subcutaneous tissue, brain, breast, and lung, but fewer reported infections involve the eye. Because the majority of patients with sparganosis are adults, it is likely to be missed in children. CASE PRESENTATION: An 8-year-old boy presented to our clinic complaining of a painless ocular mass in his right eye for 1 month. The boy had a history of eating frogs and frog poultice applications to his eyelids. The patient was checked for an elliptical mass near the medial wall of the right eye. Serodiagnosis testing was positive in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. During surgical operation on the patient, calcified parasite eggs and foreign body granulomatous reaction were found using histological examination. Due to early detection and surgery, the patient fully recovered with no damage to his eyesight. CONCLUSIONS: Although rare, ocular sparganosis should be suspected in a mass of the eye when there is a history of eating frogs and frog poultice applications on eyelids. Early surgical resection is important for a good prognosis.
Assuntos
Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Esparganose/diagnóstico , Plerocercoide/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Biópsia , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Humanos , Masculino , Órbita/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Esparganose/parasitologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XAssuntos
Dípteros/fisiologia , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Dermatopatias/parasitologia , Doença Relacionada a Viagens , Animais , Feminino , Alemanha , Humanos , Larva , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Orbitárias/cirurgia , Peru , Dermatopatias/cirurgia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Primary orbital cystic tumors caused by Echinococcus granulosus are rare. As this parasite is endemic in Peru, we report the case of a 10-year-old girl from a rural area of Huancavelica, who presented with progressive and irreducible axial proptosis of the right eye and loss of vision. Orbital tomographic images demonstrated a tumor mass with a cystic appearance. Serologic tests were negative. The patient underwent surgical resection, and histopathologic analysis revealed anhistic membranes, corresponding to hydatid cysts. During one year of follow-up, no evidence of local or systemic recurrence was observed. In conclusion, orbital hydatidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a cystic orbital tumor in pediatric patients, especially if the patient is from an endemic area.
Los tumores quísticos primarios de la órbita, causados por infestaciones parasitarias como el Equinococcus granulosus son raros. Al ser el Perú zona endémica para este parásito, presentamos el caso de una niña de 10 años de edad, proveniente de una zona rural de Huancavelica, con proptosis axial irreductible del globo ocular derecho, de curso progresivo, con pérdida de la agudeza visual e imágenes tomográficas de la órbita en relación a masa tumoral de apariencia quística. Los exámenes serológicos fueron negativos, la paciente fue sometida a resección quirúrgica con resultado histopatológico de membranas anhistas correspondientes a quiste hidatídico. Al año de seguimiento no se evidencia recurrencia local ni sistémica. En conclusión, ante una tumoración orbitaria quística en pacientes pediátricos, se debe de considerar como diagnóstico diferencial la hidatidosis orbitaria, sobre todo si proceden de zonas endémicas.
Assuntos
Equinococose , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Criança , Equinococose/diagnóstico , Equinococose/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Doenças Orbitárias/cirurgiaRESUMO
RESUMEN Los tumores quísticos primarios de la órbita, causados por infestaciones parasitarias como el Equinococcus granulosus son raros. Al ser el Perú zona endémica para este parásito, presentamos el caso de una niña de 10 años de edad, proveniente de una zona rural de Huancavelica, con proptosis axial irreductible del globo ocular derecho, de curso progresivo, con pérdida de la agudeza visual e imágenes tomográficas de la órbita en relación a masa tumoral de apariencia quística. Los exámenes serológicos fueron negativos, la paciente fue sometida a resección quirúrgica con resultado histopatológico de membranas anhistas correspondientes a quiste hidatídico. Al año de seguimiento no se evidencia recurrencia local ni sistémica. En conclusión, ante una tumoración orbitaria quística en pacientes pediátricos, se debe de considerar como diagnóstico diferencial la hidatidosis orbitaria, sobre todo si proceden de zonas endémicas.
ABSTRACT Primary orbital cystic tumors caused by Echinococcus granulosus are rare. As this parasite is endemic in Peru, we report the case of a 10-year-old girl from a rural area of Huancavelica, who presented with progressive and irreducible axial proptosis of the right eye and loss of vision. Orbital tomographic images demonstrated a tumor mass with a cystic appearance. Serologic tests were negative. The patient underwent surgical resection, and histopathologic analysis revealed anhistic membranes, corresponding to hydatid cysts. During one year of follow-up, no evidence of local or systemic recurrence was observed. In conclusion, orbital hydatidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a cystic orbital tumor in pediatric patients, especially if the patient is from an endemic area.
Assuntos
Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Equinococose , Doenças Orbitárias/cirurgia , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Equinococose/cirurgia , Equinococose/diagnósticoRESUMO
AIM: to report a clinical case of orbital dirofilariasis with attention to peculiarities of disease presentation, diagnostic measures, and treatment results. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A patient with a history of spontaneously subsiding recurrent oedema of the lower eyelid suspicious of parasitic cyst formation. The diagnosis was confirmed preoperatively by orbital ultrasound. Surgical intervention included orbitotomy with microsurgical excision of the parasitic cyst via a percutaneous approach through the lower eyelid skin crease. RESULTS: Ultrasonography of the orbits appeared to be the most informative diagnostic method in this case. Thorough surgical planning allowed us to avoid complications in the postoperative period and to achieve good cosmetic results. CONCLUSION: A painless solid mass lesion with recurrent perifocal oedema and hyperaemia without inflammatory infiltration of surrounding tissues is characteristic of parasitic cysts of the orbit. Amond other infectious diseases, a parasitic cyst stands out for symptomatic relapses and spontaneous regression, irrespective of the treatment received. The use of ultrasound allowed preoperative identification of the sac and the living helminth.
Assuntos
Dirofilaria/isolamento & purificação , Dirofilariose , Doenças Orbitárias , Adulto , Animais , Cistos/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistos/cirurgia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Dirofilariose/diagnóstico , Dirofilariose/fisiopatologia , Dirofilariose/cirurgia , Dissecação/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/fisiopatologia , Doenças Orbitárias/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia/métodosRESUMO
We found hundreds of mites behind the eyes of a Double-crested Cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae). The mites were Neottialges evansi (Acari: Hypoderatidae), representing the first report of this parasite in P. auritus from western North America. Deutonymphs of N. evansi are endoparasites, typically reported infecting fat deposits over the pectoral muscles, axillary areas, and vent of cormorants. Here mites infected only orbital tissues, a new infection site for hypoderatid mites. We suggest a lack of reports of this infection site could be explained by limited scrutiny of orbits, and deutonymphs mites infecting orbits may be more common than expected.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Infestações por Ácaros/veterinária , Doenças Orbitárias/veterinária , Animais , Autopsia/veterinária , Aves , Infestações por Ácaros/parasitologia , Ácaros/classificação , Ácaros/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of orbital hydatid cyst successfully managed by surgical excision. CASE REPORT: A 33-year-old female presented with gradual protrusion of the left eye associated with poor vision, cosmetic embarrassment and watering. She had excision biopsy of an encapsulated cystic lesion with cheesy tissue and serous content. Orbital hydatid cyst due to echinococcosis was confirmed at histopathological examination of the excised tissue. She subsequently became pregnant hence, could not undergo post-operative antihelminthic treatment, but was managed conservatively with no recurrence after five years of regular follow-up. CONCLUSION: Orbital hydatid cyst should be considered as a differential in a young patient presenting with unilateral proptosis. FUNDING: None.
Assuntos
Equinococose/diagnóstico , Echinococcus granulosus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Adulto , Animais , Equinococose/parasitologia , Equinococose/cirurgia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Orbital myiasis is a potentially destructive infestation of the orbital tissues. It is uncommon in clinical practice and is seen in patients with poor hygiene with debilitated or immunocompromised state. We report a case of orbital myiasis in an empty socket of an immunocompetent individual. A 65-year-old immunocompetent patient was found to have orbital myiasis in an empty socket status postevisceration, for which he underwent treatment by manual removal of the larvae after application of a suffocating agent, turpentine oil. A total of 12 larvae were removed over the ensuing week. The tissues healed with secondary intention leaving an irregular healthy scar. It was noteworthy that once eviscerated the eye was neglected by the patient. Empty orbital sockets are potential sites for infestations.
Assuntos
Dípteros , Miíase/terapia , Exenteração Orbitária , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/terapia , Idoso , Animais , Humanos , Imunocompetência , Masculino , Miíase/diagnóstico , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnósticoAssuntos
Equinococose/diagnóstico , Echinococcus granulosus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Animais , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Equinococose/parasitologia , Equinococose/cirurgia , Echinococcus granulosus/imunologia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/parasitologia , Infecções Oculares Parasitárias/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Oftalmológicos/métodos , Órbita/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Doenças Orbitárias/cirurgiaAssuntos
Edema/diagnóstico , Febre/etiologia , Doenças Orbitárias/diagnóstico , Trichinella/isolamento & purificação , Triquinelose/diagnóstico , Animais , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Edema/complicações , Edema/parasitologia , Feminino , Febre/diagnóstico , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Orbitárias/complicações , Doenças Orbitárias/parasitologia , Triquinelose/complicações , Triquinelose/parasitologiaRESUMO
The orbital hydatid cyst is a rare entity and although most of them are located in superolateral and superomedial angles of orbits, involvement of inferior sites is uncommon. We report a 12-year-old case of primary hydatid cyst situated in inferior rectus muscle which was undergone surgical removal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used for differential diagnosis of hydatid cyst. Moreover, histological analysis was performed, after the cyst removal, to confirm the diagnosis. Early clinical and radiological evaluations and subsequent surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment and should be performed to prevent severe complications caused by the advanced and ruptured cysts.