[Antibacterial therapy for acute cystitis in the age of growing pathogen resistance].

Acute cystitis refers to uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections, with the recurrence rates after the first cystitis episode being 50%. The basic treatment for the above diseases is antibacterial therapy, whose efficiency depends entirely on the right choice of a drug during initial empiric therapy. The paper gives the European Association of Urology guidelines and Russian guidelines, which are based on the results of both international (ARESC) and Russian (DARMIS) studies of urinary tract infection pathogens and their susceptibility to antibacterial drugs. Phosphomycin trometamol and furasidine potassium are the drugs of choice to treat acute cystitis in Russia now.

Ciprofloxacin and furagin in acute cystitis: comparison of early immune and microbiological results.

Furagin (a nitrofurantoin analogue) has the same efficacy in treating acute cystitis as ciprofloxacin, however the duration of therapy is longer. We established a hypothesis that therapy with ciprofloxacin results in faster resolution of mucosal inflammation in comparison with furagin. Rates of urinary secretion of immunoglobulins class A, M and G and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were evaluated before and after initiation of therapy in adult women presenting with acute cystitis confirmed by urine culture. Women were randomised into two groups receiving either ciprofloxacin 250mg twice a day for 3 days (n=13) or furagin 100mg three times a day for 7 days (n=14). Median lengths of follow-up were 4 days and 5 days in the ciprofloxacin and furagin groups, respectively. Treatment with ciprofloxacin resulted in faster eradication of pathogens. No bacteria or nitrates were detected in the ciprofloxacin group, whilst leukocyte esterase was positive in only one case. In the furagin group there were four positive cultures, seven cases with positive nitrates and five cases with positive esterase. Secretion rates of all four substances dropped significantly, but the changes over time were similar in both groups.

[Usefulness of Uro-Vaxom in complex treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in girls]. / Przydatnosc preparatu Uro-Vaxom w kompleksowym leczeniu nawracajacych zakazen ukladu moczowego u dziewczat.

Uro-Vaxom was used in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in 35 girls. Most of them (34/35) tolerated the drug very well, no side effect were observed. We stopped administration of the Uro-Vaxom in one girl, during the first month of treatment because of vomiting. This way efficiency of Uro-Vaxom was evaluated in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in 34 girls. Uro-Vaxom was found to be a valuable drug, supporting antibiotic therapy in recurrent urinary tract infections caused by E. coli.

Cytogenetic analysis of children under long-term antibacterial therapy with nitroheterocyclic compound furagin.

Cytogenetic analysis of chromosome aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was performed in 109 blood samples from 95 pediatric patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs). Children were exposed to diagnostic levels of X-rays during voiding cystourethrography and subsequently treated for one to 12 months with low doses of furagin - N-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-allylidene-1-aminohydantoin. Furagin is 2-substituted 5-nitrofuran, chemically and structurally similar to well-known antibacterial compound nitrofurantoin. Increased frequencies of CAs were found in children undergoing voiding cystourethrography as compared with the unexposed, acentric fragments being the most frequent alteration (2.03 versus 0.88 per 100 cells, P=0.006). However, a significant decrease in the frequency of acentric fragments was determined with the time elapsed since X-ray examination was performed. A time-independent increase in SCE frequency was found in lymphocytes of children treated with furagin. Total CA frequency did not differ significantly between groups of children with various duration of furagin treatment. However, frequency of chromatid exchanges (triradials and quadriradials) increased significantly with duration of treatment.

[Clinical evaluation of Uro-Vaxom in treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in girls]. / Kliniczna ocena preparatu Uro-Vaxom w leczeniu nawracajacych zakazen ukladu moczowego u dziewczynek.

Uro-Vaxom was used in the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in 28 girls. Most of them (27/28) tolerated the drug very well, no side effects were observed. We stopped administration of the Uro-Vaxom in one girl during the first month of treatment because of vomiting. Uro-Vaxom efficiency was, therefore, evaluated in 27 girls. Uro-Vaxom was found to be a valuable drug, supplementing antibiotic therapy in recurrent urinary tract infections caused by E. coli.

[Results of conservative treatment for regressive vesicoureteral reflux in childhood]. / Wyniki postepowania zachowawczego we wstecznych odplywach pecherzowo-moczowodowych u dzieci.

The study involved 112 children with 169 confirmed vesicoureteric reflux grades I, II, III. During anti-bacterial treatment which lasted at last two years, spontaneous regression occurred in 82% of the vesicoureteral reflux. Renal scars were observed in 8% of the cases. Initially urinary tract infection was diagnosed in 84% of the children. This figure was reduced to 8% after anti-bacterial treatment. 54% of the observed children had associated diseases (anaemia, chronic enteropathy, bronchitis and pneumonia). The results confirmed the efficiency of anti-bacterial treatment in children with vesicoureteral reflux grades I, II, III.

[Antibacterial therapy of cholecystocholangitis in viral hepatitis]. / Antibakterial'naia terapiia kholetsistokholangitov pri virusnom gepatite.

The chemotherapy of cholecystocholangitis in patients with virus hepatitis was estimated. Antibiotics, furagin and pathogenetic drugs were used for the treatment. The antibiotics were chosen with regard to their sensitivity to the bile microflora. This resulted in sanation of the bile ducts. Furagin was less effective. The use of the pathogenetic drugs alone was ineffective in the majority of patients.