Haematology of Mugil curema from the north coast estuary of Santa Catarina state, Brazil / Hematologia de Mugil curemaem estuário no litoral norte do estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Mugil curema é um peixe teleósteo, abundante em regiões costeiras, estuarinas e lagunares, em todo o litoral brasileiro. Os parâmetros sanguíneos podem ser usados como indicadores da saúde e do bem-estar dos peixes, bem como do ambiente onde estes vivem. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o perfil hematológico de M. curema ao longo de 18 meses, em águas estuarinas, no Litoral norte do estado de Santa Catarina, sul do Brasil. Um total de 133 peixes foram capturados, entre março de 2016 e agosto de 2017, para realização de eritrograma, leucograma, trombocitograma, porcentagem de hematócrito, dosagem de hemoglobina, dosagem de proteína plasmática total, volume corpuscular médio (VCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM) e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM). Não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre o número total de eritrócitos entre machos e fêmeas. No entanto, houve diferença no hematócrito, entre machos e peixes de sexo indeterminado. As influências do espaço temporal e geográfico, entre os valores dos parâmetros hematológicos, nos diferentes estudos do litoral brasileiro são discutidas. A presente investigação é importante contribuição para o estabelecimento de um padrão hematológico para M. curema. A população local de peixes estudada tem comportamento próprio em descritores hematológicos, diferenciado de outros estudos no litoral brasileiro

Mugil curema is a teleost fish often found in coastal, estuarine and lagoon regions throughout the Brazilian coast. Blood parameters may be used as health and welfare indicators of the fish, as well as the environment they live in. The aim of this study was to verify the hematologic profile of the M.curema along 18 months in estuary waters from the north coast of the state of Santa Catarina in the south of Brazil. A total of 133 M. curema fish were captured from March 2016 to August 2017. Erythrogram, leukogram, thrombocytogram, hematocrit percentage, hemoglobin dosage, total plasma protein dosage, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and medium corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were analyzed. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) on the total number of erythrocytes between the fish gender. However, there was difference on the hematocrit between males and indefinite gender fish. The influences of temporal and geographical space, among the values of hematological parameters, in the different studies of the Brazilian coast are discussed.. The present research is an important contribution to establish a hematological pattern for M. curema. The local population of the studied fish has a proper behavior in hematological descriptors, which is different from other Brazilian coast studies with the same fish species.

The effect of single-bulb garlic oil extract toward the hematology and histopathology of the liver and kidney in mice

Single garlic has been used as a traditional medicine for hypercholesterolemia and increasing stamina. The aim of this research was to analyze the effect of single-bulb garlic oil (SGO) extract toward hematology and histopathology liver and kidney in mice. Male mice (strain Balb-C, 12 weeks old, weight of 28±3 g) was treated by SGO for 28 days (once per days) with various doses K- (Normal); K+ (SGO 0.0 mg/kg BW); T1 (SGO 6.25 mg/kg BW); T2 (SGO 12.5 mg/kg BW); T3 (SGO 25.0 mg/kg BW); T4 (SGO 50.0 mg/kg BW). The end of the treated mice was sacrificed. Blood was collected to analyze hematology. Liver and kidney were collected then made microanatomy slide with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Parameters of hematology are the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, number of erythrocytes, and number of leukocytes. Histopathology of liver and kidney determine by cell necrosis. The result of the research showed that SGO increased the number of erythrocytes and leucocytes but there is no effect on the levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit. Histopathology on liver and kidney showed there is no effect in necrosis. The conclusion is the single-bulb garlic oil extract safe if consumed continuously

Medical Devices; Hematology and Pathology Devices; Classification of the Whole Slide Imaging System. Final order.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is classifying the whole slide imaging system into class II (special controls). The special controls that apply to the device type are identified in this order and will be part of the codified language for the whole slide imaging system's classification. We are taking this action because we have determined that classifying the device into class II (special controls) will provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device. We believe this action will also enhance patients' access to beneficial innovative devices, in part by reducing regulatory burdens.

Perfil hematológico de cães e gatos na cidade de Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil / Hematological profile of dogs and cats in the city of Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil / Perfil hematológico de perros y gatos en la ciudad de Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

O perfil hematológico é importante na clínica de cães e gatos para auxílio na busca diagnóstica, prognóstica e monitoramento da saúde ou terapia animal. Essa avaliação possibilita ao médico veterinário verificar a presença de: anemia, doenças inflamatórias/infecciosas e neoplásicas em animais muitas vezes assintomáticos. Em vista disso, objetivou-se efetuar um levantamento de resultados de exames hematológicos (hemograma) realizados em cães e gatos, em um laboratório veterinário na cidade de Bento Gonçalves (RS), no período de 2010 a 2013. Foram analisados 2.864 hemogramas (2.425 de cães; 439 de gatos). Observou-se resultados diminuídos para eritrócitos (27%), hemoglobina (24,7%) e hematócrito (27,1%), especialmente, em cães machos. Os leucócitos apresentaram-se aumentados em torno de 30,5% dos cães e 42,1% dos gatos, de ambos os sexos. O número de plaquetas mostrou-se baixo, principalmente, nos gatos (58,8%). Verificou-se que entre cães e gatos há uma variação importante nos exames hematológicos por serem espécies diferentes. Entretanto, quando comparados os resultados por sexo da mesma espécie não houve diferença significativa. Mais estudos sobre o hemograma desses animais se fazem necessários, principalmente relacionando o estado de saúde e suas condições de vida, favorecendo a um diagnóstico clínico fidedigno.(AU)

The hematological profile is clinically important for dogs and cats to aid in the prognostic and monitoring of the animal's health or therapy. This assessment enables the veterinarian to check for anemia, inflammatory/infectious and neoplastic diseases in animals which are often asymptomatic. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to perform a survey of hematological test results (blood count) performed in dogs and cats in a veterinary laboratory in the city of Bento Gonçalves (RS) between 2010 and 2013. A total 2.864 blood counts (2.425 dogs and 439 cats) were analyzed. The observed results were reduced for erythrocytes (27%), hemoglobin (24.7%) and hematocrit (27.1%), especially in male dogs. Elevated percentages of leukocytes were observed in dogs (30.5%) and cats (42.1%) of both sexes. The number of platelets was shown to be lower, mainly in cats (58.8%). It was found that among dogs and cats, there is a significant variation in hematological tests since they are different species. However, when comparing the results by the sex of the same species, there were no significant difference. Further studies on blood count of animals are needed, particularly relating to health and their living conditions, favoring a reliable clinical diagnosis.(AU)

El perfil hematológico es importante en la clínica de perros y gatos para ayudar en la búsqueda de diagnóstico, pronóstico y seguimiento de la salud o terapia animal. Esa evaluación permite al médico veterinario verificar la presencia de: anemia, enfermedades inflamatorias / infecciosas y neoplásicas en animales a menudo asintomáticos. Así, el objetivo ha sido llevar a cabo un estudio de los resultados de las pruebas hematológicas (hemograma), realizadas en perros y gatos, en un laboratorio veterinario de la ciudad de Bento Gonçalves (RS), en el período de 2010 a 2013. Se analizaron 2864 hemogramas (2.425 de perros y 439 de gatos). Se observó resultados reducidos para eritrocitos (27%), hemoglobina (24,7%) y hematocrito (27,1%), especialmente en perros machos. Los leucocitos se presentaron aumentados alrededor del 30,5% de los perros y el 42,1% de los gatos, de ambos sexos. El número de plaquetas se mostró inferior, especialmente en los gatos (58,8%). Se encontró que entre perros y gatos hay una variación significativa en los exámenes hematológicos, pues son especies diferentes. Sin embargo, al comparar los resultados por sexo de la misma especie no hubo diferencia significativa. Más estudios sobre el hemograma de esos animales se hacen necesarios, principalmente relacionando el estado de salud y sus condiciones de vida, lo que favorece un diagnóstico clínico fiable.(AU)

Avaliação hematológica e bioquímica renal de coelhos sob anestesia no acuponto yintang com tiletamina e zolazepam / Renal hematological and biochemical evaluation on rabbits under anesthesia at the yintang acupoint with tiletamine and zolazepam / Evaluación hematológica y bioquímica renal en conejos bajo anestesia en el acupunto yintang con tiletamina y zolacepam

Seis animais foram submetidos à farmacupuntura com tiletamina e zolazepam intramuscular (Grupo I) e seis (Grupo II) receberam 10% da dose no acuponto yintang. Os do grupo GI permaneceram em decúbito lateral. Depois de 20 minutos, dois apresentaram sonolência com capacidade de locomoção durante todo período de avaliação e um permaneceu em decúbito esternal. Todos os coelhos do grupo II apresentavam aos 20 minutos em decúbito esternal. Notou-se em ambos os grupos a presença dos reflexos corneal, auricular, interdigital e palpebral. Nos animais do GI ocorreu aumento significativo dos leucócitos e nos dois grupos observou-se aumento de eritrócitos, hematócrito e plaquetas. A associação tiletamina-zolazepam, quando administrado no acupontoyintang ocasiona modificações moderadas dos parâmetros fisiológicos e alterações hematológicas, sem alterar as funções fisiológicas dos coelhos. Os fármacos injetados no acuponto permitem à contenção química dos animais durante 20 minutos.(AU)

Six rabbits were submitted to pharmacopuncture with intramuscular tiletamine (Group I) and six (Group II) received 10% of the dose in the yintang acupoint. Group I remained in lateral recumbency. After 20 minutes, two presented drowsiness with the capacity of locomotion throughout the assessment period, and one remained in sternal recumbency. All rabbits in Group II stayed 20 minutes in sternal recumbency. In both groups, the presence of corneal, ear, eyelid and interdigital reflections could be noticed. In the animals in GI, there was a significant increase in leukocytes, and both groups presented an increase in erythrocytes, hematocrit and platelet count. The tiletamine-zolazepam association, when administered in the yintang acupoint, causes moderate changes in physiological parameters and hematological changes without altering the physiological functions of rabbits. The drugs injected at the acupoint allow the chemical restraint of animals for 20 minutes.(AU)

Seis animales fueron sometidos a farmacupuntura con tiletamina y zolacepam intramuscular (Grupo I) y seis (Grupo II) recibieron 10% de la dosis en el acupunto yintang. Los del grupo GI permanecieron en decúbito lateral. Después de 20 minutos, dos presentaron somnolencia con capacidad de locomoción durante todo el período de evaluación y uno permaneció en decúbito esternal. Todos los conejos del grupo II presentaron a los 20 minutos decúbito esternal. Se observó en ambos los grupos la presencia de reflejos corneal, auricular, interdigital y de párpado. En los animales del GI ocurrió aumento significativo de leucocitos y en los dos grupos se observó aumento de eritrocitos, hematocrito y plaquetas. La asociación de tiletamina-zolacepam, cuando administrado en el acupunto yintang provoca cambios moderados de los parámetros fisiológicos y alteraciones hematológicas, sin alterar las funciones fisiológicas de los conejos. Los medicamentos inyectados en el acupunto permiten la contención química de los animales durante 20 minutos.(AU)

Growth, body composition and hematology of juvenile pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) fed increasing levels of ractopamine / Crescimento, composição corporal e hematologia de juvenis de pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) alimentados com quantidades crescentes de ractopamina

The effects of four levels of dietary ractopamine (RAC) on growth, body composition and hematology of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus juveniles (103.6±3.3g) were studied. Fish were housed into 12 circular tanks of 1 m3 - 15 fish per tank - and fed for 60 days with practical diets supplemented with 0; 10; 20 or 40mg RAC per kg of diet, in a totally randomized design trial (n=3). Fish fed diets containing up to 40mg RAC/kg diet for 60 days did not have improved growth or body composition parameters. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin. Plasma glucose and triglycerides were significantly smaller in fish fed with RAC; however no significant differences between RAC levels were detected. The inclusion of up to 40mg RAC/kg of diet did not improve growth and body composition, but influenced some hematological and biochemical parameters of juvenile pacu.

Estudou-se o efeito de quatro quantidades de ractopamina dietética (RAC) sobre o crescimento, a composição corporal e a hematologia de juvenis de pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus (103,6±3,3g). Os peixes foram distribuídos em 12 tanques circulares de 1m3 - 15 peixes por tanque - e alimentados por 60 dias com dietas práticas suplementadas com 0, 10, 20 ou 40mg RAC/kg de ração, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado (n=3). Os peixes alimentados por 60 dias com dietas contendo até 40mg RAC/kg não apresentaram melhora no crescimento ou na composição corporal. Não houve diferença significativa nas concentrações de hematócrito, hemoglobina e hemoglobina corpuscular média. Glicose e triglicerídeos plasmáticos foram significativamente menores nos peixes alimentados com RAC, entretanto não houve diferença significativa entre os níveis de RAC. A inclusão de até 40mg RAC/kg de ração não melhorou o crescimento ou a composição corporal, mas influenciou alguns parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos de juvenis de pacu.

Perfil hematológico de bovinos experimentalmente inoculados com veneno de Bothrops alternatus / mentally inoculatede experimentally inoculated / with Bothrops alternatus venom

Apesar de ser alto o número de acidentes ofídicos em bovinos, as alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas séricas sãopouco estudadas, especialmente nas três primeiras semanas após o envenenamento. Diante deste contexto, objetivou-senesta pesquisa caracterizar o perfil hematológico e bioquímico sérico de bovinos após a inoculação experimental do venenode Bothrops alternatus. Cinco novilhas mestiças de peso corporal entre 188 e 278kg e idade de 12 a 18 meses receberamna altura média da face cranial do membro anterior direito, entre as articulações umerorradioulnar e do carpo, por viaintramuscular superficial, 0,15mg/kg de veneno de Bothrops alternatus diluído em salina. Coletou-se sangue de todos osanimais antes (tempo zero) e as 3, 8, 24, 48, 72, 96, 168, 240, 405 e 576 horas após inoculação do veneno para avaliaçãodo hemograma, coagulograma e dosagem de proteína total, albumina, globulinas, ureia, creatinina, creatina fosfotransferase,aspartato aminotransferase e gama glutamiltransferase. O veneno de B. alternatus causou intoxicação grave nos bovinos,e foi letal para dois animais às 53 horas e 78 horas. As alterações hematológicas observadas foram: anemia normocíticanormocrômica, leucocitose com neutrofilia com desvio para esquerda regenerativo, linfocitose, aumentos dos tempos decoagulação, de protrombina e de tromboplastina parcial ativada, trombocitopenia e elevação da ureia e das enzimas CPT eAST.

Despite the high number of Bothrops envenomation in cattle, the hematological and biochemical changes are poorly known mainly in the first few weeks after the poisoning. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the bovine blood profile after B. alternatus envenomation. Five crossbred heifers were inoculated with B. alternatus venom (0.15mg/kg) diluted in saline solution, by intramuscular injection, in the mean height of the cranial side of right forelimb, between the joints umerradio-ulnar and carpus. The blood was collected before the beginning of the experiment (zero time) and at 3, 8, 24, 48, 72, 96, 168, 240, 405 e 576 hours after inoculation, in order to evaluate the hemogram, coagulogram, total protein, albumine, globulins, urea, creatinine, creatinine phosphokinase (CPT) and aspartate aminotransferase. The B. alternatus venon caused a serious envenomation in catlle and was lethal for two animals at 53 and 78 hours. The blood profile alteratons were normocitic and normocromic anaemia, leucocitosis with neutrophilia, linfocitosis, coagulation time increased, trombocytopenia and elevation in the urea, CPT and AST enzymes.

Medical devices; hematology and pathology devices: reclassification of automated blood cell separator device operating by centrifugal separation principle. Final rule.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is reclassifying from class III to class II the automated blood cell separator device operating by centrifugal separation principle and intended for the routine collection of blood and blood components. FDA is taking this action on its own initiative based on new information. Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, FDA is announcing the availability of a guidance document that will serve as the special controls for this device, as well as the special controls for the device with the same intended use but operating on a filtration separation principle.

A survey of clinical productivity and current procedural terminology (CPT) coding patterns of pediatric hematologist/oncologists.

BACKGROUND: Subspecialty-specific normative values for clinical productivity of practicing pediatric hematologist/oncologists have not been well established. This information could be a useful adjunct in administrative decision-making in areas such as necessary levels of physician staffing and development of compensation plans. METHODS: Current procedural terminology (CPT) coding information was obtained from 27 pediatric hematology/oncology groups. Clinical productivity was assessed by overall number of patient encounters and the total number of physician work relative value units (RVU) as defined by the resource-based relative value scale. The average physician productivity within each individual program was calculated. To determine uniformity of CPT coding, an additional survey solicited mock patient encounter documentation and CPT coding for a simple clinical vignette. RESULTS: A broad range of clinical productivity was observed for both numbers of patient encounters and RVU. Evaluation of the CPT coding data of the surveyed groups revealed differences in usage of certain evaluation and management (E/M) codes and procedural and specimen interpretation codes. Within individual categories of E/M service codes, a wide variation in assigned CPT code levels was also observed. This observation was supported by differences in the E/M coding for the clinical vignette. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment and tracking of physician productivity can provide useful information for the administrative management of pediatric hematology/oncology programs. Caution must be exercised, however, when making productivity comparisons with other subspecialties or even between pediatric hematology/oncology programs. Such comparisons should take into account the number of patient encounters, characteristics of E/M coding patterns, the use of physician extenders, as well as overall RVU production.

Medical devices; hematology and pathology devices; classification of the Factor V Leiden DNA mutation detection systems devices. Final rule.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is classifying the Factor V Leiden deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) mutation detections systems device into class II (special controls). The special control that will apply to the device is the guidance document entitled "Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Factor V Leiden DNA Mutation Detection Systems." The agency is taking this action in response to a petition submitted under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act) as amended by the Medical Device Amendments of 1976 (the 1976 amendments), the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 (SMDA), the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 (FDAMA), and the Medical Device User Fee and Modernization Act of 2002. The agency is classifying this device into class II (special controls) in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of the device. Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, FDA is publishing a notice of availability of a guidance document that is the special control for this device.

Hematology and pathology devices; reclassification of the automated differential cell counter. Final rule.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is reclassifying the automated differential cell counter (ADCC) from class III (premarket approval) into class II (special controls). FDA is also identifying the guidance document entitled "Class II Special Controls Guidance Document: Premarket Notifications for Automated Differential Cell Counters for Immature or Abnormal Blood Cells; Final Guidance for Industry and FDA" as the special control that the agency believes will reasonably ensure the safety and effectiveness of the device. This reclassification is being undertaken based on new information submitted in a reclassification petition from the International Society for Laboratory Hematology (ISLH), under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the act), as amended by the Safe Medical Devices Act of 1990 and the FDA Modernization Act of 1997.

Valoración del hemograma, velocidad de sedimentación y proteina C - reactiva en el diagnóstico precoz de la infección generalizada neonatal

OBJETIVO: Determinar la valoración laboratorial del hemograma (leucopenia y R I/T), velocidad de sedimentación y proteina C-Reactiva, asi como su validez diagnóstica. TIPO DE ESTUDIO: Tranversal y analítico. POBLACION: De un total de recien nacidos que fueron 979 intrahospitalarios y 69 extrahospitalarios, se estudiaron 70 neonatos con factores de riesgo, de los cuales 22 causaron con sepsis comprobada. el estudio ha sido realizado en el servicio de Neonatología del Hospital Nacional del Sur IPSS Arequipa desde el 1ro. diciembre de 1996 al 30 de junio de 1997. RESULTADOS: el valor de leucopenia es escaso, no así la R I/T, que a pesar de tener buena sensibilidad no es específica para sepsis. La VSG mostró alto valor predictivo negativo, siendo su correlación significativa. En cambio la PCR como prueba sola es de gran especificidad aunque con baja sensibilidad. la valoración de todas las pruebas juntas, nos da gran sensibilidad y buen valor predictivo negativo (100 por ciento). CONCLUSION: En nuestro estudio, los parámetros que muestran una diferencia significativa entre infectados y no infectados son VSG (p=0.039); la PCR elevada (p=0.0003) y la valoración en conjunto de las 3 pruebas (p=0.029).