Visual Outcome of Nontraumatic Dense Vitreous Hemorrhage in Patients without Diabetes: A Single-Center Case Series.

PURPOSE: Dense vitreous hemorrhage is a vision-threatening disease with varied clinical manifestations. Herein, we aimed to evaluate its causes and outcomes in patients without diabetes. METHODS: A retrospective cohort including 60 eyes from 60 patients with an initial diagnosis of nontraumatic fundus-obscuring dense vitreous hemorrhages and without diabetes was recruited. The relevant medical records from January 2013 to December 2019 were reviewed and analyzed. We classified patients into the following four groups, depending on the underlying cause of dense vitreous hemorrhage: eight cases in the age-related macular degeneration group, four cases in the posterior vitreous detachment group, 20 cases in the tear group, and 28 cases in the vascular group. RESULTS: The most common cause of dense vitreous hemorrhage was retinal vascular obstructive disease (46.7%); the age-related macular degeneration group showed the worst prognosis. The extent of best-corrected visual acuity change was significantly better in patients who underwent vitrectomy compared to those receiving conservative treatment; best-corrected visual acuity change (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 1.62 ± 0.57 in the surgical group and 1.06 ± 0.88 in the nonsurgical group (Student t-test, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Retinal vascular disease is the most common cause of vitreous hemorrhages, and surgical treatments have a better visual outcome than nonsurgical treatments.

VITRECTOMY WITH SUBRETINAL INJECTION OF RECOMBINANT TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR FOR SUBMACULAR HEMORRHAGE WITH OR WITHOUT VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes and prognostic factors of pars plana vitrectomy combined with subretinal injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for submacular hemorrhage (SMH) patients with or without vitreous hemorrhage (VH). METHODS: Sixty-four eyes of 64 patients with SMH underwent pars plana vitrectomy with subretinal injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Best-corrected visual acuity, SMH displacement, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Predictive factors of the final best-corrected visual acuity were determined using multivariant linear regression. RESULTS: There were 26 eyes with VH and 38 eyes without VH best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved in both VH group (from 2.27 ± 0.40 to 1.25 ± 0.70 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) and non-VH group (from 1.76 ± 0.55 to 0.85 ± 0.65 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution). Complete displacement of SMHs was observed in 47 (73.43%) eyes. Postoperative complications included recurrent SMH (4.69%), recurrent VH (10.94%), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (3.13%), and epiretinal membrane (4.68%). Treatment-naive condition, early surgery, and younger age were significantly associated with better final best-corrected visual acuity ( B = 0.502, 0.303, and 0.021, respectively, with all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Pars plana vitrectomy combined with subretinal recombinant tissue plasminogen activator injection is an effective treatment for SMH patients with and without VH.

Síndrome de Terson: Amaurosis reversible secundaria a la hemorragia subaracnoidea (Presentación de 4 casos) / Terson Syndrome: reversible amaurosis secondary to subarachnoideal hemorrage

La pérdida de visión, como consecuencia de una hemorragia a nivel del vítreo en el curso de una hemorragia subaracnoidea, es conocida como Síndrome de Terson. Si bien las hemorragias del vítreo son afecciones bien conocidas y descritas en la literatura oftalmológica como complicaciones de una hemorragia subaracnoidea, es una afección muy frecuente. La fisiopatología de esta complicación no es clara, habiendose planteado por diferentes autores varias teorías para explicar la aparición de la sangre a nivel del vítreo. Si bien su presencia se sospecha por la clínica, solamente la ecografía ocular confirma su existencia. En general, se plantea que tiene buen pronóstico a largo plazo, ya que la recuperación de la visión es la regla, sea espontáneamente o luego de la vitrectomía. Los autores presentan 4 casos de esta rara complicación