[Endoscopic and morphometric analysis of the reduction of acute inflammatory process in the gastric mucosa after therapy with Regasthym Gastro].

AIM: To analyze the anti-inflammatory efficacy of Regasthym Gastro (alpha-glutamyl-tryptophan) in the treatment of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis according to endoscopic and morphometric studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: As part of a double-blind placebo-controlled study, the results of gastroscopy and histological (morphometric) studies were retrospective analyzed in 80 patients diagnosed with chronic atrophic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori in exacerbation: 43 patients took Regasthym Gastro, 37 patients - placebo. The conclusions of the gastroscopy were structured in the form of a standardized scale, which included an assessment of criteria in points (from 0 to 3): thickness of folds, hyperemia, edema of the gastric mucosa, the signs of atrophy, metaplasia; the severity of the erosive process. The sum of points according to all criteria was used to assess the dynamics of the inflammatory process: positive dynamics; lack of dynamics; the pathological process is progressing. The results of the endoscopic examination were compared with morphometry data (the number of inflammation pool cells per 1 mm2 of gastric mucosa). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Statistica 12 application software package. RESULTS: According to the gastroscopy, before therapy, hyperemia of the gastric mucosa was present in 82.5%, edema - in 53.8%, erosion - in 17.5%, signs of metaplasia - in 12.5% of patients. After therapy with the investigated drug a statistically significant decrease in the severity of edema of the gastric mucosa (p=0.008), the total set of signs of acute inflammatory process (p=0.006), a decrease in the proportion of outcomes with negative dynamics of the inflammatory process (p=0.038) was revealed. Statistically significant (p<0.05) correlations were found between gastroscopy data of inflammation and the number of neutrophil, eosinophil granulocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes per 1 mm2. CONCLUSION: Regasthym Gastro contributes to a significant decrease in the severity of the inflammatory process according to the evaluation of the results of gastroscopy and morphometry. It is possible to recommend the inclusion of this drug in the complex therapy of chronic gastritis to increase the effectiveness and reduce the risks of progression of inflammation.

Porcine pericardium as glaucoma implant tube coverage: an experimental study / Uso de pericárdio suíno no recobrimento de implantes de drenagem de glaucoma: um estudo experimental

PURPOSE: To evaluate the inflammatory response associated with the use of processed porcine pericardium and glycerin-preserved homologous sclera as silicone glaucoma drainage device coverage in a rabbit experimental model. METHODS: Eight New Zealand white rabbits' eyes received an equal-sized glycerin-preserved homologous scleral patch or a double-layered processed porcine pericardium that was sutured to the bare sclera covering a silicone tube. Conjunctival hyperemia was graded using the double-blind method during the immediate postoperative period and during the first, third, and seventh postoperative weeks. After the seventh week, the enucleated eyes were histopathologically examined. They were also evaluated for signs of patch graft melting, tube erosion and chemosis. RESULTS: There was no occurrence of graft melting or tube exposure, although porcine pericardium was associated with greater inflammation through clinical observation. Light microscopy revealed marked inflammation surrounding the porcine pericardium with foreign body granuloma formation. On the other hand, the sclera group presented milder inflammation with foreign body granulomas only around the sutures. CONCLUSIONS: Porcine pericardium is associated with significant inflammation when used as tube coverage in a rabbit model, at both histopathologic and clinical levels, when compared to glycerin-preserved homologous sclera during the seven-week follow-up period.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a resposta inflamatória associada com o uso de pericárdio suíno processado e esclera homóloga preservada em glicerina no recobrimento de tubo de drenagem de silicone utilizado em cirurgia de glaucoma em modelo experimental. MÉTODOS: Oito olhos de 8 coelhos albinos da raça Nova Zelândia receberam enxertos do mesmo tamanho de esclera homóloga, preservada em glicerina ou pericárdio suíno processado, suturados à esclera recobrindo um tubo de silicone. Os olhos foram avaliados quanto à hiperemia conjuntival de modo mascarado na primeira, terceira e sétima semanas de pós-operatório. Após a sétima semana os olhos foram enucleados e submetidos a estudo histopatológico. Os olhos também foram avaliados quanto à presença de afinamento do enxerto, exposição do tubo e quemose. RESULTADOS: Não ocorreram casos de afinamento do enxerto ou exposição do tubo, porém o pericárdio suíno esteve associado clinicamente a uma maior inflamação. Achados à microscopia óptica incluíram intensa reação inflamatória em torno do enxerto de pericárdio com formação de granuloma do tipo corpo estranho. Por outro lado, no grupo que recebeu esclera, ocorreu formação de granulomas apenas em torno dos fios de sutura. CONCLUSÃO: O pericárdio suíno esteve associado a maior inflamação tanto à histopatologia quanto clinicamente, quando usado no recobrimento de tubo de silicone, em comparação à esclera homóloga preservada em glicerina, durante o período de acompanhamento de sete semanas.

Spinal cord regeneration: the action of neurotrophin-3 in spinal cord injury in rats

OBJECTIVE: For many years, it was believed that medullary regeneration could not occur, although currently there are many trials using neurotrophic factors, stem cells, fetal medulla grafts, peripheral nerve grafts, and antibodies against myelin-associated proteins that demonstrate the existence of the possibility of spinal cord regeneration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the action of neurotrophin-3, a novel neurotrophic factor. METHODS: The New York University impactor, a standardized device for delivery of spinal cord injuries was used on 33 rats, which were divided into 2 groups: a control group receiving distilled water intraperitoneally and a treatment group receiving neurotrophin-3 intraperitoneally. RESULTS: Using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scale, the locomotor recovery curve for the neurotrophin-3 treated group was superior to that of the control group (P < 0.05); the administration of neurotrophin-3 was associated with the absence of deaths, while the control group showed a 28.5 percent (P = 0.026) mortality rate. Other parameters (hematuria rate and histological analysis) showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, it appears that a strong relationship exists between the use of neurotrophin-3 in rats with spinal cord injury and better functional recovery.

OBJETIVO: Por muitos anos acreditou-se que a regeneração medular não fosse factível. Atualmente porém, existem várias experiências utilizando fatores neurotróficos, células troncos, enxerto de medula fetal, enxerto de nervo periférico e anticorpos contra proteínas associadas a mielina que sugerem o contrário. Esta pesquisa estudou a ação de um dos mais novos neurotróficos, o Neurotrophin-3. MÉTODOS: As lesões medulares foram realizadas através do New York University impator, método experimental de produção de lesão medular padronizada. Foram utilizados 33 ratos divididos em 2 grupos. Um grupo controle com administração intraperitoneal de água destilada e um grupo tratamento, tratado com Neurotrophin-3 por via intraperitoneal. RESULTADOS: Observamos que a curva de recuperação locomotora, segundo a escala de Basso, Beattie e Bresnahan, do grupo Neurotrophin-3 foi superior à do grupo controle (p < 0,05); a administração de Neurotrophin-3 determinou ausência de mortes no grupo tratamento, enquanto o grupo controle apresentou taxa de mortalidade de 28,5 por cento (p = 0,026). Os outros parâmetros (taxa de hematúria e análise histológica) não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÕES: Existe forte relação entre a aplicação de Neurotrophin-3 em ratos com lesão medular e melhor recuperação funcional.