Predicting the relationship between safety climate and safety performance in cement industry.

BACKGROUND: As cement industries have remarkably affected the economy of producer's countries, one of the main concerns of these industries is to prevent accidents and related costs. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigates the relationship between the safety climate and safety performance with the moderating role of safety knowledge and the mediating role of safety motivation in the cement industry. METHODS: Data were collected from 230 Iranian employees of the cement industry using a safety climate and performance questionnaire. The relationships between variables and analysis of the collected data were tested using structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The results indicated that the safety climate had a positive effect on safety performance in the cement industry. Moreover, management's commitment to safety was positively or negatively related to the social support and production pressure. There was either a positive and negative relationship between social support and production pressure of safety knowledge and safety motivation, respectively. CONCLUSION: The integrative model suggested that it was important to promote the safety knowledge at all organizational levels to develop spontaneous activities and raise safety in the intended organization.

Urinary symptoms and infections among female garment factory workers in Bangladesh.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of urinary symptoms and infections among female garment factory workers in Bangladesh - a large developing country - is largely unknown. Garment sector is this country's main economic growth engine. OBJECTIVES: This paper focuses on garment industry workers and compares the findings with another group of low socioeconomic status working women. METHODS: Urinary tract symptoms (UTS) were determined by self-reported survey including International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) and urinary tract infection (UTI) was determined among a subset population by urine dipstick tests. RESULTS: Data were collected from 310 garment workers and 297 comparison workers. About one third of garment workers (31.94%) and comparison workers (29.97%) could take up to 3 toilet breaks in a day. Garment workers reported to be more sexually active and menstruation was more common among them compared to comparison workers. They reported a significantly higher prevalence of malodorous urine and vaginal discharge. Garment workers were found to have a significantly higher ICIQ-FLUTS score of voiding than comparison workers (0.44 vs. 0.27; p-value = 0.0167).Among the study respondents, 148 garment workers and 134 other workers provided urine samples and 21 (7.45%) were found to have UTI. After considering all the risk factors in multivariate model, garment work had a significant impact on the probability of having UTI with Odds Ratio of 5.46 (p-value = 0.0374; 95% CI = 1.10, 26.97) compared to other workers. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the prevalence and burden of urinary symptoms and infections among female worker populations in Bangladesh.

Occupational exposure to soft paper dust and mortality.

OBJECTIVES: Occupational exposure to soft paper dust is associated with impaired lung function. Whether there is an increased risk for asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is unclear. METHODS: We studied 7870 workers from three Swedish soft paper mills, and defined high-exposed workers, as having been exposed to soft paper dust exceeding 5 mg/m3 for at least 5 years. The remaining workers were classified as 'low exposed'. Person-years at risk were calculated and stratified according to gender, age and calendar-year. The follow-up time was from 1960 to 2013. The expected numbers of deaths were calculated using the Swedish population as reference and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) with 95% CIs were assessed. RESULTS: There was an increased mortality due to obstructive lung disease (asthma and COPD), among high-exposed workers, SMR 1.89, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.83, based on 23 observed cases. High-exposed workers had an increased mortality from asthma, SMR 4.13, 95% CI 1.78 to 8.14, based on eight observed cases. The increased asthma mortality was also observed among high-exposed men, SMR 4.38, 95% CI 1.42 to 10.2, based on five observed cases. The asthma mortality among low-exposed workers, both men and women, was not increased. The COPD mortality was not clearly increased among high-exposed workers (SMR 1.52, 95% CI 0.85 to 2.50). CONCLUSION: High occupational exposure to soft paper dust increases the mortality due to asthma, and the results suggest that soft paper dust levels in workplaces should be below 5 mg/m3.

Association Between Automotive Assembly Plant Closures and Opioid Overdose Mortality in the United States: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis.

Importance: Fading economic opportunity has been hypothesized to be an important factor associated with the US opioid overdose crisis. Automotive assembly plant closures are culturally significant events that substantially erode local economic opportunities. Objective: To estimate the extent to which automotive assembly plant closures were associated with increasing opioid overdose mortality rates among working-age adults. Design, Setting, and Participants: A county-level difference-in-differences study was conducted among adults aged 18 to 65 years in 112 manufacturing counties located in 30 commuting zones (primarily in the US South and Midwest) with at least 1 operational automotive assembly plant as of 1999. The study analyzed county-level changes from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2016, in age-adjusted, county-level opioid overdose mortality rates before vs after automotive assembly plant closures in manufacturing counties affected by plant closures compared with changes in manufacturing counties unaffected by plant closures. Data analyses were performed between April 1, 2018, and July 20, 2019. Exposure: Closure of automotive assembly plants in the commuting zone of residence. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the county-level age-adjusted opioid overdose mortality rate. Secondary outcomes included the overall drug overdose mortality rate and prescription vs illicit drug overdose mortality rates. Results: During the study period, 29 manufacturing counties in 10 commuting zones were exposed to an automotive assembly plant closure, while 83 manufacturing counties in 20 commuting zones remained unexposed. Mean (SD) baseline opioid overdose rates per 100 000 were similar in exposed (0.9 [1.4]) and unexposed (1.0 [2.1]) counties. Automotive assembly plant closures were associated with statistically significant increases in opioid overdose mortality. Five years after a plant closure, mortality rates had increased by 8.6 opioid overdose deaths per 100 000 individuals (95% CI, 2.6-14.6; P = .006) in exposed counties compared with unexposed counties, an 85% higher increase relative to the mortality rate that would have been expected had exposed counties followed the same outcome trends as unexposed counties. In analyses stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity, the largest increases in opioid overdose mortality were observed among non-Hispanic white men aged 18 to 34 years (20.1 deaths per 100 000; 95% CI, 8.8-31.3; P = .001) and aged 35 to 65 years (12.8 deaths per 100 000; 95% CI, 5.7-20.0; P = .001). We observed similar patterns of prescription vs illicit drug overdose mortality. Estimates for opioid overdose mortality in nonmanufacturing counties were not statistically significant. Conclusions and Relevance: From 1999 to 2016, automotive assembly plant closures were associated with increases in opioid overdose mortality. These findings highlight the potential importance of eroding economic opportunity as a factor in the US opioid overdose crisis.

Cell and gene therapy manufacturing capabilities in Australia and New Zealand.

Cell and gene therapy products are rapidly being integrated into mainstream medicine. Developing global capability will facilitate broad access to these novel therapeutics. An initial step toward achieving this goal is to understand cell and gene therapy manufacturing capability in each region. We conducted an academic survey in 2018 to assess cell and gene therapy manufacturing capacity in Australia and New Zealand. We examined the following: the number and types of cell therapy manufacturing facilities; the number of projects, parallel processes and clinical trials; the types of products; and the manufacturing and quality staffing levels. It was found that Australia and New Zealand provide diverse facilities for cell therapy manufacturing, infrastructure and capability. Further investment and development will enable both countries to make important decisions to meet the growing need for cell and gene therapy and regenerative medicine in the region.

Global industrial park research trends: a bibliometric analysis from 1987 to 2016.

Industrial parks, which are characterized as a group of industrial businesses designed to meet the concomitant demands of different organizations within an area, have played an important role in the national development strategies of many countries. Industrial parks have received increasingly more attention over time. Nevertheless, few scholars have visually analyzed global scientific data. This paper quantitatively and visually examines global academic research papers on industrial parks from 1987 to 2016 by using a bibliometric analysis. A total of 1823 papers from Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index databases were analyzed. The distributions of authorship, keywords, countries/territories, and institutes were generated. According to data from Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index databases, the top five most productive authors (i.e., Geng Y. with 22 articles, Fujita T. with 17, El-Halwagi M.M. with 15, Zhang Y. with 14, and Tan R.R. with 12) have contributed significantly to industrial park research. Papers on industrial park research have mainly been from China, the USA, and Taiwan. The dominant keywords from industrial park research from 1987 to 2016 are "China", "system", "heavy metal", and "eco-industrial park". These keywords will be the hot topics in industrial park research in the future. The research findings can provide a reference for understanding the research development process and trends in analyses in the field of industrial parks.

Geographical mapping and modelling of noise pollution from industrial motors: a case study of the Mbalmayo Thermal Power Plant in Cameroon.

To be able to geographically map, model and evaluate noisy sound emissions from industrial motors, emphases have been laid on various phenomena linked to the propagation of sound waves and their effects on the environment. The failure to respect factory-servicing norms coupled with the depreciation of parts of an industrial motor lead to additional sound production, which due to an accumulation in acoustic power and pressure levels contributes to environmental noise pollution. In this work, a study has been carried out on environmental noise pollution from a thermal power plant in Cameroon, using empirical, diagrammatic, analytical and noise map elaboration methods, with the aim of proposing an optimal protection of the surroundings of the thermal plant from the noise pollution. The results obtained show a similarity in propagation of acoustic pressure and power levels for the different types of frequencies considered. Besides these, the study has revealed that the inhabitants are exposed to sound levels higher than the upper limit of 50 dB and above the alert threshold level of 80 dB. At the geo-localized motors of the plant, the primary sources of acoustic power levels were found to fall within the range from 60 to 98 dB, which is very close to the acoustic pressure levels of between 60 and 95 dB. Due to dispersion of sound, the acoustic power levels are also felt at different points around the plant, considered here as secondary sources. From a general point of view, the observed distribution of the iso-sound contours from the collected data and their general NE-SW orientations show the development of new sources due to cumulative effects and superposition of sound waves at regular intervals. At the same time, the acoustic power and pressure levels have been found to be higher than 80 dB, which is the threshold value for human hearing. This therefore is considered detrimental to human health and wellbeing, provoking the need for a more profound investigation on the existing correlation between levels of sound due to stationary sources and frequency in a high sound medium and elaborating a strategic noise map for the town of Mbalmayo and its environs.

An Exploratory Assessment of Applying Risk Management Practices to Engineered Nanomaterials.

The widespread industrial application of nanotechnology has increased the number of workers exposed to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), but it is not clear to what extent prevention guidance is practiced. Our aim was to explore the extent that companies manufacturing and/or using ENMs apply risk assessment and management measures. Thirty-four companies were surveyed with an international 35-item questionnaire investigating company and workforce features, types of ENM handled, and risk evaluation and preventive measures adopted. Among participating companies, 62% had a maximum of 10 employees. Metal-based nanomaterials were most frequently identified (73%). Environmental monitoring was performed by 41% of the companies, while engineering exposure controls were approximately reported by 50%. Information and training programs were indicated by 85% of the sample, only 9% performed specific health surveillance for ENM workers. Personal protective equipment primarily included gloves (100%) and eye/face protection (94%). This small-scale assessment can contribute to the limited amount of published literature on the topic. Future investigations should include a greater number of companies to better represent ENM workplaces and a direct access to industrial settings to collect information on site. Finally, deeper attention should be paid to define standardized frameworks for ENM risk assessment that may guide nano-specific preventive actions.

A multiscale simulation framework for the manufacturing facility and supply chain of autologous cell therapies.

BACKGROUND AIMS: Autologous cell therapy (AuCT) is an emerging therapeutic treatment that is undergoing transformation from laboratory- to industry-scale manufacturing with recent regulatory approvals. Various challenges facing the complex AuCT manufacturing and supply chain process hinder the scale out and broader application of this highly potent treatment. METHODS: We present a multiscale logistics simulation framework, AuCT-Sim, that integrates novel supply chain system modeling algorithms, methods, and tools. AuCT-Sim includes a single facility model and a system-wide network model. Unique challenges of the AuCT industry are analyzed and addressed in AuCT-Sim. Decision-supporting tools can be developed based on this framework to explore "what-if" manufacturing and supply chain scenarios of importance to various cell therapy stakeholder groups. RESULTS: Two case studies demonstrate the decision-supporting capability of AuCT-Sim where one investigates the optimal reagent base stocking level, and the other one simulates a reagent supply disruption event. These case studies serve as guidelines for designing computational experiments with AuCT-Sim to solve specific problems in AuCT manufacturing and supply chain. DISCUSSION: This simulation framework will be useful in understanding the impact of possible manufacturing and supply chain strategies, policies, regulations, and standards informing strategies to increase patient access to AuCT.

Assessment of hotspots using sparse autoencoder in industrial zones.

Remote sensing satellite systems can be used to detect industrial zones by means of thermal infrared bands. There are several satellite systems loaded with thermal infrared sensors such as Landsat and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER). In this study, ASTER thermal infrared data were converted to land surface temperature (LST) in order to determine hotspots caused by industrial zones. High LST values surrounded by low LST values are called hotspots here. These hotspots can be determined by applying different methodologies. One of these methods of sparse autoencoder can be used to indicate hotspots using different sizes of hidden layers. The principle of sparse autoencoder depends on unlabeled data in unsupervised learning. It does not need any information about labeled data as in supervised learning. The autoencoder reproduces its output with the same dimensions as the input image by managing the size of the hidden layer. The reconstruction of the image depends on the minimization of a cost function. The size of the hidden layer sets the fitting degree of the function for the reproduced image. A low-order reproduced image is the main target for hotspot detection. In this study, the difference between the original image and the reproduced image was analyzed for hotspot detection. Sparse autoencoder was successfully applied to ASTER thermal band 10 for hotspot detection in 7 pre-defined sites of a region known for steel industry for the two different days.

Early Childhood Nutritional Implications of the Rise in Factory Employed Mothers in Rural Cambodia: A Qualitative Study.

OBJECTIVES: Limited research has been conducted on the maternal and child health situation of garment factory workers in Cambodia. This qualitative study investigated the health-seeking behaviours for maternal and infant care of female garment factory workers in Kampong Tralach district, Cambodia. METHODS: We conducted 54 in-depth interviews, six focus group discussions and observed two factories. Participants were pregnant women and mothers of infants who have worked in factories, young women currently working in factories, caregivers of children, village leaders, healthcare workers, and factory managers. Deductive and inductive thematic analysis was performed. RESULTS: The women were accessing regular antenatal and facility-based delivery care. Most factory managers provided maternity leave, and some also provided leave for regular antenatal (ANC) visits. Women often returned to work 2 months post-delivery and this triggered the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. Feeding was also compromised for the 6-12 months old children as carers, delayed the introduction of complementary feeds. Factories were equipped with childcare and breastfeeding spaces, however these were not used due to both feasibility issues and distrust of factory management. Instead, grandmothers were the preferred childcare providers. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE: Current factory policies regarding ANC, maternity leave and childcare provisions are context insensitive to rural workers who live far from the workplace to avail themselves of mandated ANC leave or breastfeeding breaks. Our study suggest that the increasing number of young women working in garment factories is compromising the early nutrition of their children, with a reduction in exclusive breastfeeding and inadequate complementary feeding.

Respiratory Problems among Workers of Udayapur Cement Factory in Eastern Nepal.

BACKGROUND: There have been very limited studies regarding health of the cement factory workers in Nepal. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of health problems and the factors associated with respiratory symptoms among the workers of Udayapur cement factory. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from March to August 2015 in Udayapur cement factory in eastern Nepal. All the workers working in the factory more than a year were included in the study. Thedata was collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic characteristics,type of work, reported health problems, use of personal protective measures.Chi-square test was used to determine the association of respiratory symptoms with related variables. RESULTS: A total of 295 workers were included in this study with mean age of 45.9 years (SD=7.7). Majority 279 (94.6%) were males. The most common health problems were musculoskeletal pain (55.6%) followed by eye problems (33.2%). Among them, 17(21.1%) reported that they had at least one respiratory problem and chest tightness while running/climbing and wheeze were the most common. A total of 233 participants (79%) used at least one form of personal protective equipment. Low education, longer duration of work and smoking were found to be positively associated with respiratory symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory problems were high among the workers of the cement factory. Proper use of PPEs and dust control measures should be promoted among the workers.

Assessing Regional Differences in Green Innovation Efficiency of Industrial Enterprises in China.

Green technology innovation is an important means to break out of the constraints of resources and the environment, enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, and achieve the upgrading of industrial structures, and promote high-quality economic growth. In order to realize the overall improvement of the green technology innovation capability of Chinese enterprises, it is necessary to measure the efficiency of industrial enterprises' green technology innovation and explore their regional differences. In this paper, from the perspective of a two-stage innovation value chain, by introducing the industrial carbon emissions per unit of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and the "three wastes" pollutants into the research framework of green technology innovation efficiency, we established a novel green innovation efficiency evaluation indicator system for industrial enterprises. Furthermore, we used a two-stage network DEA with shared input to measure the efficiency of regional enterprises' green technology innovation and explored the regional differences in industrial enterprises' green technology R&D and the efficiency of green technology achievement transformation. Finally, we provide some suggestions for improving China's industrial enterprises' green innovation efficiency, so that they can ameliorate the significant regional imbalances and differences and realize high-quality economic growth.

Comparison of accident characteristics between manual materials handling (MMH) and non-MMH works in the automobile parts manufacturing industry: Based on South Korea and the US.

BACKGROUND: Despite ergonomic improvements in the workplace of automobile parts manufacturing industry, many jobs still require workers to perform repetitive tasks or manual material handling. OBJECTIVE: This study compares the characteristics of occupational injuries between MMH and non-MMH in the automobile parts manufacturing industry based in South Korea and the US. METHODS: Occupational injuries were analyzed by age, work experience, company size, employment type, injury severity, work type, type of accident, agency of accident, injured part of body, and injury type. RESULTS: Among 1,530 injuries, 271 people (17.7%) were MMH injuries, and 1,259 people (82.3%) were non-MMH injuries. The rate of MMH injury was higher in the logistics process, in the work experience with more than 10 years, and in the company size with more than 100 employees than that of the non-MMH injury. Also, the rate of MMH injury was higher in the types of sprain and herniated discs, and in the injured part of trunk/back, leg/foot, and shoulder than that of the non-MMH injury. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study can be used as essential data for establishing a systematic preventive policy for industrial accidents in the automobile parts manufacturing industry.

Association between Occupational Injury and Subsequent Employment Termination among Newly Hired Manufacturing Workers.

Few longitudinal studies have examined occupational injury as a predictor of employment termination, particularly during the earliest stages of employment when the risk of occupational injury may be greatest. Human resources (HR) records were used to establish a cohort of 3752 hourly employees newly hired by a large manufacturing facility from 2 January 2012, through 25 November 2016. The HR records were linked with records of employee visits to an on-site occupational health center (OHC) for reasons consistent with occupational injury. Cox regression methods were then used to estimate the risk of employment termination following a first-time visit to the OHC, with time to termination as the dependent variable. Analyses were restricted to the time period ending 60 calendar days from the date of hire. Of the 3752 employees, 1172 (31.2%) terminated employment prior to 60 days from date of hire. Of these, 345 terminated voluntarily and 793 were terminated involuntarily. The risk of termination for any reason was greater among those who visited the OHC during the first 60 days of employment than among those who did not visit the OHC during the first 60 days of employment (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.58, 95% CI = 2.12⁻3.15). The magnitude of effect was similar regardless of the nature of the injury or the body area affected, and the risk of involuntary termination was generally greater than the risk of voluntary termination. The results support activities to manage workplace safety and health hazards in an effort to reduce employee turnover rates.

Modified-DRASTIC, modified-SINTACS and SI methods for groundwater vulnerability assessment in the southern Tehran aquifer.

This study aims to modify the SINTACS and DRASTIC models with a land-use (LU) layer and compares the modified-DRASTIC, modified-SINTACS and SI methods for groundwater vulnerability assessment (GVA) in the southern Tehran aquifer, Iran. Single parameter sensitivity analysis (SPSA) served to determine the most significant parameters for the modified-DRASTIC, modified-SINTACS and SI approaches, and to revise model weights from "theoretical" to "effective." The inherent implementation of LU in the SI model may explain its better performance compared to unenhanced versions of DRASTIC and SINTACS models. Validation of all models, using nitrate concentrations from 20 wells within the study area, showed the modified-SINTACS model to outperform other models. The SPSA showed that the vadose zone and LU strongly influenced the modified-DRASTIC and modified-SINTACS models, while SI was strongly influenced by aquifer media and LU. To improve performance, models were implemented using "effective" instead of "theoretical" weights. Model robustness was assessed using nitrate concentrations in the aquifer and the outcomes confirmed the positive impact of using "effective" versus "theoretical" weights in the models. Modified-SINTACS showed the strongest correlation between nitrate and the vulnerability index (coefficient of determination = 0.75). Application of the modified-SINTACS while using "effective" weights, led to the conclusion that 19.6%, 55.2%, 23.4%, and 1.6% of the study area housed very high, high, moderate and low vulnerability zones, respectively.

Clustering of malignant pleural mesothelioma in asbestos factories: a subgroup analysis in a 29-year follow-up study to identify high-risk industries in Taiwan.

OBJECTIVE: Exposure to asbestos is the major cause for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), but the causal link of individual cases is difficult to establish for lack of exposure information and long disease latency. METHODS: We established a retrospective cohort of workers employed in asbestos industries during the period of 1950-1989 and the occurrence of MPM during the period of 1980-2009 was examined with the Taiwan Cancer Registry. Estimated rate ratios (eRRs) were computed for each factory where any case of MPM was diagnosed by assuming Poisson distribution with a minimal latency of 20 years. RESULTS: A total of 18 MPM (17 males, 1 female) in eight factories were found. The incidence rate of MPM for the eight factories was 18.0 per million, ranging from 6.2 per million (military factory) to 268.2 per million (asbestos cement). We observed significantly increased risks for MPM in asbestos cement, thermal insulation and shipbuilding industries, with eRR (genders combined) of 113.6, 87.5 and 15.8, respectively. The sensitivity analyses considering latency showed similar findings in latency ≥30 years, and the shipbuilding industry presented a significant eRR given a latency ≥40 years. The gender-specific eRR showed similar results in men, but high eRR of 729.6 was observed in an asbestos cement factory where a female MPM was diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: This nationwide study in Taiwan comprehensively shows that different asbestos manufacturing processes, including asbestos cement, thermal insulation and shipbuilding industries, were at significantly increased risks for MPM. We recommend to establish a medical screening programme for workers previously exposed to asbestos to identify MPM and other asbestos-related diseases at an earlier stage.

Racial disparities in pollution exposure and employment at US industrial facilities.

Proximity to industrial facilities can have positive employment effects as well as negative pollution exposure impacts on surrounding communities. Although racial disparities in exposure to industrial air pollution in the United States are well documented, there has been little empirical investigation of whether these disparities are mirrored by employment benefits. We use facility-level data from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) and the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission EEO-1 database to assess the extent to which the racial and ethnic distribution of industrial employment corresponds to the distribution of exposure to air toxics emitted by the same facilities. The share of pollution risk accruing to minority groups generally exceeds their share of employment and exceeds their share of higher paying jobs by a wide margin. We find no evidence that facilities that create higher pollution risk for surrounding communities provide more jobs in aggregate.

Occupational and Take-home Lead Exposure Among Lead Oxide Manufacturing Employees, North Carolina, 2016.

OBJECTIVE: In 2016, North Carolina blood lead level (BLL) surveillance activities identified elevated BLLs among 3 children exposed to take-home lead by household members employed at a lead oxide manufacturing facility. We characterized BLLs among employees and associated children and identified risk factors for occupational and take-home lead exposure. METHODS: We reviewed BLL surveillance data for 2012-2016 to identify facility employees and associated children. We considered a BLL ≥5 µg/dL elevated for adults and children and compared adult BLLs with regulatory limits and recommended health-based thresholds. We also conducted an environmental investigation and interviewed current employees about exposure controls and cleanup procedures. RESULTS: During 2012-2016, 5 children associated with facility employees had a confirmed BLL ≥5 µg/dL. Among 77 people employed during 2012-2016, median BLLs increased from 22 µg/dL (range, 4-45 µg/dL) in 2012 to 37 µg/dL (range, 16-54 µg/dL) in 2016. All employee BLLs were <60 µg/dL, the national regulatory threshold for immediate medical removal from lead exposure; however, 55 (71%) had a BLL ≥20 µg/dL, a recommended health-based threshold for removal from lead exposure. Because of inadequate controls in the facility, areas considered clean were visibly contaminated with lead dust. Employees reported bringing personal items to work and then into their cars and homes, resulting in take-home lead exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Integration of child and adult BLL surveillance activities identified an occupational source of lead exposure among workers and associated children. Our findings support recent recommendations that implementation of updated lead standards will support better control of lead in the workplace and prevent lead from being carried home.