Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/história , Indígenas Norte-Americanos/história , Megacolo/história , Adulto , Doença de Chagas/complicações , Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , DNA de Protozoário/isolamento & purificação , História Antiga , Humanos , Masculino , Megacolo/diagnóstico , Megacolo/parasitologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Múmias/história , Texas , Trypanosoma cruzi/genética , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
One hundred years since the discovery of Chagas disease associated with Trypanosoma cruzi infection, growing attention has focused on understanding the evolution in parasite-human host interaction. This interest has featured studies and results from paleoparasitology, not only the description of lesions in mummified bodies, but also the recovery of genetic material from the parasite and the possibility of analyzing such material over time. The present study reviews the evidence of Chagas disease in organic remains excavated from archeological sites and discusses two findings in greater detail, both with lesions suggestive of chagasic megacolon and confirmed by molecular biology techniques. One of these sites is located in the United States, on the border between Texas and Mexico and the other in state of Minas Gerais, in the Brazilian cerrado (savannah). Dated prior to contact with Europeans, these results confirm that Chagas disease affected prehistoric human groups in other regions outside the Andean altiplanos and other transmission areas on the Pacific Coast, previously considered the origin of T. cruzi infection in the human host.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/história , Fósseis , Megacolo/história , Múmias/parasitologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , América , Animais , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , História Antiga , Humanos , Megacolo/parasitologia , PaleopatologiaRESUMO
One hundred years since the discovery of Chagas disease associated with Trypanosoma cruzi infection, growing attention has focused on understanding the evolution in parasite-human host interaction. This interest has featured studies and results from paleoparasitology, not only the description of lesions in mummified bodies, but also the recovery of genetic material from the parasite and the possibility of analyzing such material over time. The present study reviews the evidence of Chagas disease in organic remains excavated from archeological sites and discusses two findings in greater detail, both with lesions suggestive of chagasic megacolon and confirmed by molecular biology techniques. One of these sites is located in the United States, on the border between Texas and Mexico and the other in state of Minas Gerais, in the Brazilian cerrado (savannah). Dated prior to contact with Europeans, these results confirm that Chagas disease affected prehistoric human groups in other regions outside the Andean altiplanos and other transmission areas on the Pacific Coast, previously considered the origin of T. cruzi infection in the human host.
Assuntos
Animais , História Antiga , Humanos , Doença de Chagas/história , Fósseis , Megacolo/história , Múmias/parasitologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , América , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , Fezes/parasitologia , Megacolo/parasitologia , PaleopatologiaRESUMO
We evaluated the presence and distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in a mummy presenting with megacolon that was dated as approximately 560 +/- 40 years old. The mummy was from the Peruaçu Valley in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. All samples were positive for T. cruzi minicircle DNA, demonstrating the presence and broad dissemination of the parasite in this body. From one sample, a mini-exon gene fragment was recovered and characterized by sequencing and was found to belong to the T. cruzi I genotype. This finding suggests that T. cruzi I infected humans during the pre-Columbian times and that, in addition to T. cruzi infection, Chagas disease in Brazil most likely preceded European colonization.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/história , Megacolo/história , Múmias/parasitologia , Paleopatologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Brasil , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Genótipo , História Antiga , Humanos , Megacolo/parasitologiaRESUMO
We evaluated the presence and distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA in a mummy presenting with megacolon that was dated as approximately 560 ± 40 years old. The mummy was from the Peruaçu Valley in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. All samples were positive for T. cruzi minicircle DNA, demonstrating the presence and broad dissemination of the parasite in this body. From one sample, a mini-exon gene fragment was recovered and characterized by sequencing and was found to belong to the T. cruzi I genotype. This finding suggests that T. cruzi I infected humans during the pre-Columbian times and that, in addition to T. cruzi infection, Chagas disease in Brazil most likely preceded European colonization.
Assuntos
Animais , História Antiga , Humanos , Doença de Chagas/história , Megacolo/história , Múmias/parasitologia , Paleopatologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , Brasil , Doença de Chagas/parasitologia , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Genótipo , Megacolo/parasitologiaRESUMO
Procurou-se analisar, sob o ponto de vista clínico, as descriçoes contidas no livro "Noticias do que he o achaque do bicho", de Miguel Dias Pimenta (1661-1715), que sao consideradas por alguns autores como as primeiras referências ao megaesôfago e ao megacólon chagásicos que aparecem na história. Nas descriçoes tidas como referentes ao megaesôfago, além de nao se reconhecer a disfagia, o principal sintoma desta doença, identificam-se manifestaçoes próprias de afecçao irritativa, inflamatória ou ulcerativa nao do esôfago, mas do estômago. Naquelas referidas como do megacólon, os sintomas e sinais descritos sugerem a possibilidade diagnóstica de hemorróidas e do próprio achaque do bicho, nao lembrando, em absoluto, o quadro clínico da afecçao chagásica. Assim sendo, nao há razao para que se mantenha o "Noticias do que he o achaque do bicho" dentro da história da forma digestiva da moléstia de Chagas.
Assuntos
História do Século XVII , História do Século XVIII , Doença de Chagas/história , Acalasia Esofágica/história , Megacolo/históriaRESUMO
In the present study an attempt was made to analyse from a clinical viewpoint the descriptions in the book "Noticias do que he o achaque do bicho" by Miguel Dias Pimenta (1661-1715), which are considered by some authors to be the first reference to the chagasic megaesophagus and megacolon that appeared in history. In descriptions considered to refer megaesophagus, although dysphagia, the major symptom of this disease, is not recognized, typical manifestations of a irritating, inflammatory or ulcerative condition are identified, not affecting the esophagus but the stomach. In the description considered to refer to megacolon, the signs and symptoms suggest the diagnostic possibility of hemorrhoids and of the "achaque do bicho" itself, and do not recall the clinical picture of the chagasic megacolon in an absolute manner. On this basis, there is no reason to maintain the book "Noticias do que he o achaque do bicho" within the history of the digestive form of Chagas' disease.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/história , Acalasia Esofágica/história , Megacolo/história , Acalasia Esofágica/parasitologia , História do Século XVII , História do Século XVIII , Megacolo/parasitologia , PortugalRESUMO
Los autores presentan 56 pacientes operados por megacolon entre 1955 y 1985. La anatomía patológica y la epiopatogenia de la afección, es detallada. Las técnicas quirúrgicas empleadas son mencionadas y la operación de Black es seleccionada como la mejor. Esta técnica quirúrgica es descripta minuciosamente. Las complicaciones postoperatorias y la mortalidad son mencionadas.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Doença de Chagas/complicações , Cirurgia Colorretal/efeitos adversos , Cirurgia Colorretal/métodos , Leishmania , Megacolo/etiologia , Megacolo/história , Megacolo/mortalidade , Megacolo/cirurgia , Neurotoxinas , Reto/lesões , Colectomia , Colostomia , Dieta , Enema/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Pós-OperatóriasAssuntos
Doença de Chagas , Acalasia Esofágica , Megacolo , Brasil , Doença de Chagas/complicações , Doença de Chagas/história , Doença de Chagas/fisiopatologia , Acalasia Esofágica/etiologia , Acalasia Esofágica/história , Junção Esofagogástrica/fisiopatologia , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Humanos , Enteropatias Parasitárias/etiologia , Manometria , Megacolo/etiologia , Megacolo/históriaRESUMO
With the development of computed tomography, soft tissues and foreign body collections are distinguished with remarkable resolution. This distinction is particularly useful when examining desiccated human remains, both in construction of research strategies and when invasive procedure (i.e., traditional autopsies, needle biopsies, etc.) are not possible. Though the organs differ markedly from living tissue, it is possible to distinguish major organs with some certainty. One case study exhibited three separate pathological conditions which were not demonstrated with traditional radiological procedures.