Scalp myiasis associated with soft tissue sarcoma lesion: a case report and review of relevant literature.

BACKGROUND: Sarcophagidae is one of the main fly families that is attracted to open wounds, ulcers, lesions, and other injuries for depositing their larvae. The presence of larvae of flies in human tissues makes myiasis. Myiasis on the scalp could be more frightening in comparison with myiasis on the other parts of the body. It is a rare myiasis case that shows the ability of myiasis agents to attack various parts of the body. On the other hand, reporting of myiasis cases by Sarcophagidae larvae is not common due to difficulties in their identification. This study aimed to emphasize the importance of Sarcohagidae larvae in producing myiasis by describing the first case of soft tissue sarcoma infestation and provides a review of human myiasis by larvae of the Sarcophagidae family during 2010-2023 and also a review of wound myiasis cases associated with malignancy during 2000-2023. CASE PRESENTATION: A case of sarcoma cancer myiasis is reported on the scalp of a 43-year-old man who referred to one of Tehran's hospitals for surgical treatment of cancer. Before surgery, insect larvae were observed in the area of ​​sarcoma. The larvae were isolated, examined morphologically, and identified as Sarcophaga spp. CONCLUSIONS: Myiasis has been considered as a neglected disease. Publishing of myiasis cases could be useful to alert health policy-makers about its danger and appearance in the community. It is not usual but can be expected even on the scalp of the human head. Exact daily supervision and dressing of the wound could be recommended to prevent cutaneous myiasis.

Wound myiasis by housefly in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Myiasis is the infestation of live vertebrates by dipterous larvae. Cutaneous myiasis is the most common form, although many organs can be infected by these larvae. Cutaneous myiasis is divided into 3 forms: localized furuncular, migratory, and wound myiasis, which have a worldwide distribution, but tropical and subtropical countries have a heavier burden of the disease. Herein, we report a case of scalp wound myiasis in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris caused by Muscidae domestica (M. domestica) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cases of M. domestica myiasis are limited in the literature. We would like to raise awareness regarding the possibility of cutaneous myiasis in M. domestica in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Nasal Maggot Infection in a Patient With Nasal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

We describe a case of nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 79-year-old Chinese patient accompany with nasal myiasis. The first 2 biopsies in this case were false negative. Subsequently, nasal maggots developed in this patient. After removing all maggots under nasal endoscopy, the patient continued to have recurrent fever and was transferred to a higher hospital for further treatment, in which he received a third biopsy. Unfortunately, several hours after the biopsy, the patient died for severe nasal bleeding. The final biopsy result indicated the neoplasm of the left nasal cavity was non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. This case illustrates the importance of repeated biopsies for nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma if necessary. Nasal myiasis is a secondary disease of nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in this case.

Case of Wound Myiasis in a Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lesion of the Scalp.

Myiasis refers to the infestation of living humans and vertebrate animals by dipterous larvae. Many organs can be infested by fly larvae, but cutaneous and wound myiases are the most frequently encountered clinical forms. Persistent ulcer or non-healing wound is one of the symptoms of squamous cell carcinoma which is the second most common skin cancer in the world. Here we report a case of an elderly man with a severe wound myiasis in a squamous cell carcinoma lesion of the scalp. The maggots were confirmed to be Lucilia sericata which are widespread flies in Japan. Human myiasis is rarely reported in Japan, but patients with necrotic, hemorrhaging, or pus-filled wounds are susceptible to infestation. It is necessary for doctors and nurses to ensure that their patients change their dressings daily and keep their wounds clean.

Myiasis in Ulcerated Breast Carcinoma: First Case Record in Myanmar.

Myiasis is an infestation of maggot, which is frequently associated with poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. A 78-year-old female breast cancer patient visited clinic complaining of irritation, itching, and pain within the ulcerous cancer lesion for 3 weeks. Many maggots were found in the lesion. A total of 30 maggots were removed and identified to be 3rd stage of larvae of metallic fly. This is the first case of wound myiasis in advanced breast carcinoma as a complication of untreated or drug-induced ulcer.

Gingival Myiasis on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Turkey: A Case Report

Myiasis is a disease caused by tissue invasion of diptera larvae and eggs. Oral myiasis is mostly related to old age, poor oral hygiene, suppurative lesions, anatomical disorders and cancer cases. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an important risk factor for myiasis. This report presents the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with gingival myiasis developing on the background of OSSC. The patient was diagnosed with OSSC in the hospital. Myiasis larvae were identified and sent to the National Parasitology Reference Laboratory for identification. Thus, development of myiasis on OSCC background was shown in Turkey for the first time. Myiasis larvae have been identified as the 3rd phase of the larvae Sarcophaga sp. development (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). As a result, myiasis cases are sporadic in Turkey, and it can be avoided by controlling fly population and by paying attention to hygiene. Controlling myiasis is an important public health problem and should be considered in a single health concept, as it causes health problems in both humans and animals. The findings of this case will draw attention to the importance of dealing with myiasis factors, which is a public health problem.

Ignatzschineria larvae Bacteremia Following Lucilia sp. Myiasis in an Irregular Migrant: A Case Report.

Bacteremia induced by wound myiasis is uncommon and therefore rarely suspected by clinicians when treating patients with neglected wounds. We present a case of Ignatzschineria larvae bacteremia as a complication of Lucilia sp. maggot wound myiasis in a young male migrant. This is the first reported human case of Ignatzschineria bacteremia in Slovenia and one of the 2 described in the literature where the fly larvae infesting the wounds of the patient with Ignatzschineria bacteremia were not only suspected to be Lucilia sp. but also entomologically identified.

Psychoda albipennis myiasis as a rare cause of erectile dysfunction: A case report.

Urogenital myiasis occurring with the settlement of fly larvae of the order Diptera is facultative and is rarely encountered in humans. This study presents a case of urogenital myiasis caused by Psychoda albipennis in a 42-year-old male patient. The patient was admitted to our hospital with complaints of groin pain, pollakuria and erectile dysfunction and claimed that he saw motile larvae in his urine. Three larvae were collected from the patient's urine, microscopically examined and identified as fourth-stage larvae of P. albipennis. The patient's complaints ceased after the application of an antibiotic and urinary antiseptic. It was concluded that myiasis should be considered in patients with urogenital complaints.

Enteral myiasis causing acute dysentery: A case report.

Enteral myiasis or intestinal myiasis is acquired by ingesting food or water contaminated with dipteran fly eggs or larvae. Here, we describe a patient with intestinal myiasis presenting with acute dysentery caused by the larva of Hermetia illucens. The larva was identified morphologically, and its species confirmed through molecular analysis using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI).

CRANIAL OSTEOMYELITIS AS A COMPLICATION OF FURUNCULAR MYIASIS.

OBJECTIVE: To report the case of an infant with infrequent cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of furuncular myiasis. CASE DESCRIPTION: The patient was a 4-month-old male who presented to the emergency department with a nodular skull lesion with edema, tenderness, pain, and purulent drainage, as well as progress of the ulcerated lesion and evidence of larvae inside. Antibiotic treatment was initiated, and the patient was taken to the operating room to remove the larvae, but he had no symptomatic improvement. A skull radiograph was taken to visualize the osteolytic lesion, and a 3D computed tomography scan showed osteomyelitis of the external parietal surface. Antibiotic management readjustment continued for a total of six weeks, and a skin flap was used with clinical improvement. COMMENTS: Myiasis is defined as the infestation of vertebrates with fly larvae. In mammals, larvae can feed on host tissue and cause a wide range of infestations depending on their location in the body. The cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of myiasis described in this report seems to be an exceptional case.

Perioperative challenges in managing a patient with COVID-19 undergoing debridement for massive scalp myiasis.

A young man presented to our centre needing an urgent debridement of his postcraniotomy wound due to massive myiasis during the COVID-19 pandemic in October 2020. Prior to the surgery, his nasopharyngeal swab real-time PCR test result was unknown. One day later, it returned as SARS-CoV-2 positive. All healthcare workers who were involved in the patient management avoided cross infection as they wore appropriate personal protective equipment. This article depicts the importance of adequate preparations when handling potentially infectious patients and the perioperative issues associated with it.

Nasal myiasis in patients with disturbance of consciousness: A case report and literature review. / æ„è¯†éšœç¢æ‚£è€ å‘ç”Ÿé¼»è‡è›†ç— 1ä¾‹åŠæ–‡çŒ®å¤ä¹ .

Nasal myiasis is a rare parasitic disease. The growth of myiasis in the nasal cavity causes damage to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Once the dipeterous larvae are migrated, it causes damage to the surrounding structures such as eyes and skull cavity. Proper treatment and active prevention and control can reduce and avoid the occurrence of serious complications. On May 14, 2020, a patient with cerebral infarction and coma was admitted to Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and developed nasal myiasis. During the treatment of the primary disease, the patient was found to be infected with rhinomyiasis. The patient was treated with dehydration, cranial pressure reduction, brain protection, blood glucose control, blood pressure control, and anti-infection. Nasal endoscopy and nasal irrigation were carried out to treat nasal myiasis. The patient was properly placed and isolated for prevention and control so as to prevent the spread of myiasis in the ward. After 16 days, the patient regained consciousness, no worm was found in the nasal cavity, and was discharged from the hospital. The patient was followed-up for 6 months, no maggots were found in the nasal cavity of the patients, no complaints of nasal discomfort was occurred, and no other patients and medical staff were infected with myiasis. The prevention of myiasis is very important, and proper measures should be taken to reduce the risk of community and hospital infection.

Cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of furuncular myiasis / Osteomielite craniana como complicação de miíase furuncular

ABSTRACT Objective: To report the case of an infant with infrequent cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of furuncular myiasis. Case description: The patient was a 4-month-old male who presented to the emergency department with a nodular skull lesion with edema, tenderness, pain, and purulent drainage, as well as progress of the ulcerated lesion and evidence of larvae inside. Antibiotic treatment was initiated, and the patient was taken to the operating room to remove the larvae, but he had no symptomatic improvement. A skull radiograph was taken to visualize the osteolytic lesion, and a 3D computed tomography scan showed osteomyelitis of the external parietal surface. Antibiotic management readjustment continued for a total of six weeks, and a skin flap was used with clinical improvement. Comments: Myiasis is defined as the infestation of vertebrates with fly larvae. In mammals, larvae can feed on host tissue and cause a wide range of infestations depending on their location in the body. The cranial osteomyelitis as a complication of myiasis described in this report seems to be an exceptional case.

RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar um caso de criança com osteomielite craniana infrequente como complicação da miíase furuncular. Descrição do caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, com quatro meses de idade, que se apresentou no pronto-socorro com lesão nodular no crânio com edema, sensibilidade, dor e drenagem purulenta, com evolução da lesão ulcerada e evidência de larva no interior. O tratamento com antibióticos foi iniciado e o paciente foi levado à sala de cirurgia para remover as larvas, mas não houve melhora. Uma radiografia do crânio foi realizada para visualizar a lesão osteolítica e uma tomografia computadorizada em 3D mostrou osteomielite da superfície parietal externa. O reajuste do tratamento com antibióticos foi mantido por um total de seis semanas e um retalho cutâneo foi realizado com melhora clínica. Comentários: Miíase é definida como a infestação de vertebrados com larvas de moscas. Nos mamíferos, as larvas podem se alimentar do tecido hospedeiro e causar uma ampla variedade de infestações, dependendo da sua localização no corpo. A osteomielite como complicação da miíase, apresentada nesse caso, parece ser uma forma não usual de complicação dessa doença.

Synanthropic Clogmia albipunctata Causing Urogenital and Gastrointestinal Myiasis

Being a synanthropic cosmopolitan fly of tropical origin, Clogmia albipunctata is an aquatic species that is commonly found in moisture-rich places such as inside a house, sewage treatment plants, and hospitals. C. albipunctata can cause urogenital, intestinal, and even nasopharyngeal accidental myiasis under non-hygienic conditions or if a person consumes substandard food. Its larvae enter the human body via bodily cavities such as rectum, genitalia, or urinary canal, thereby leading to the development of infestation. This can in turn cause haematuria, bloody stool, vomiting and fever, with the appearance of larvae in urine and faeces. Here, we present the case of a 43-year-old woman with infection in the urogenital and gastrointestinal systems by the fourth instar larvae of C. albipunctata. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of myiasis caused by this species in Turkey. This study will provide general information about the biology of this species and methods to recognize it.

Urogenital myiasis caused by Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in a domestic rabbit in Italy.

The report describes a case of urogenital myiasis in a domestic rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus L. (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) caused by Lucilia sericata (Meigen; Diptera: Calliphoridae) in region Emilia-Romagna (Northern Italy). The case, occurring in June 2018, is the first one involving L. sericata as an agent of myiasis in a domestic rabbit in Italy. Species identification was based on morphological investigations of males through identification keys. The rabbit developed the urogenital myiasis as a consequence of chronic enteritis causing an accumulation of faeces in the perianal and perineal region.