Assuntos
Doenças das Cabras/patologia , Parapoxvirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Dermatopatias Virais/veterinária , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Cabras , Parapoxvirus/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Poxviridae/patologia , Dermatopatias Virais/patologiaRESUMO
An outbreak of a disease with parapox-like symptoms was reported in South Korea in April 2012. Three of 45 Korean native cattle, age 20-24 months, were affected. Parapoxviruses were detected and identified by electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To determine the genetic characteristics of the Korean strains, the sequence of the major envelope protein (B2L) was determined and compared with published reference sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the parapoxvirus strains were closely related to not only isolates from Japan, but also isolates from Germany, Sudan and the United states. This is the first report on an outbreak and the molecular characterization of BPSV in Korea.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Parapoxvirus/genética , Filogenia , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Bovinos , Análise por Conglomerados , Primers do DNA/genética , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão/veterinária , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Parapoxvirus/ultraestrutura , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Infecções por Poxviridae/epidemiologia , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of parapox virus infections relies primarily on a history of contact with infected animals. The clinical presentation is usually a non-specific necrotic ulcer. The histology may also be non-specific, especially with older lesions. Negative-staining electron microscopy (EM) is a fast and reliable diagnostic tool, but is not widely available. Serological tests and the time-consuming viral culture are also rarely used in Europe. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The diagnostic procedure in two patients with ecthyma contagiosum and milker's nodule using polymerase chain reaction specific for orthopox, parapox and Orf virus is explained. Diagnostics included bacterial culture, viral culture, histology and EM. In addition to these, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in both cases. RESULTS: The patient with ecthyma contagiosum was negative for ortho-, parapox-, and orf-virus on PCR, whereas the patient with milker's nodule had a PCR positive for parapoxvirus. CONCLUSIONS: PCR is a simple, fast, and standardized method of diagnosis that can distinguish between the subgroups of parapoxviruses. A diagnosis can be made even in cases of ambiguous history or unspecific clinical presentation. The method is limited by the necessity to sample native material or to use neutrally buffered formalin in case of PCR from paraffin material.
Assuntos
DNA Viral/genética , Ectima Contagioso/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Vírus do Orf/genética , Parapoxvirus/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Infecções por Poxviridae/diagnóstico , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ectima Contagioso/patologia , Ectima Contagioso/transmissão , Ectima Contagioso/virologia , Feminino , Dermatoses da Mão , Humanos , Microscopia Eletrônica , Vírus do Orf/ultraestrutura , Parapoxvirus/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Poxviridae/patologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/transmissão , Infecções por Poxviridae/virologiaRESUMO
Two outbreaks of orf virus (a parapoxvirus) infection in goats found in Nantou and Taiping of central Taiwan were investigated. The nucleotide and the amino acid sequences of viral B2L, E3L and A32L genes in these two outbreaks were analyzed, and each of their phylogenetic trees were also constructed. In the A32L gene, an unexpected deletion of 24 nucleotides was found in the Taiping strain. The A32L gene can encode an ATPase and is supposed to be involved in virion DNA packaging. The 24 nucleotides correspond to 8 amino acids residues of the viral ATPase, which are located near the C-terminal region of the enzyme. Moreover, two copies of the RGD sequence at C-terminal region of ATPase were found in the Nantou strain. The 24-nucleotide difference in the A32L gene indicated that the Nantou strain and the Taiping strain were two separate strains, and it can be used in differential molecular diagnosis. Moreover, the C-terminal heterogeneity was found to be a general feature of the viral ATPase. Lastly, similar functional motifs of the ATPase and the Ras proto-oncoprotein (a GTPase) are discussed.
Assuntos
Adenosina Trifosfatases/química , Parapoxvirus/enzimologia , Parapoxvirus/genética , Filogenia , Proteínas Virais/química , Motivos de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Surtos de Doenças , Genes Virais , Humanos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Parapoxvirus/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Poxviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Infecções por Poxviridae/virologia , Taiwan/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Expression of CD30 is a distinct feature of B- or T-cell activation, found in Hodgkin's disease, large cell anaplastic lymphoma, lymphomatoid papulosis, as well as in certain viral infections such as human T-lymphotropic virus type I, HIV, hepatitis B and C virus, and Epstein-Barr virus. Here, we report highly proliferative CD30-positive cutaneous infiltrates in 3 patients with Milkers's nodules, adding parapoxvirus infection to the spectrum of CD30-positive benign lympho-proliferations.
Assuntos
Antígeno Ki-1/biossíntese , Parapoxvirus/patogenicidade , Infecções por Poxviridae/metabolismo , Dermatopatias Virais/metabolismo , Pele/virologia , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Linfócitos B/metabolismo , Linfócitos B/patologia , Bovinos , Feminino , Rearranjo Gênico da Cadeia gama dos Receptores de Antígenos dos Linfócitos T/genética , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-1/genética , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos/genética , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos/patologia , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Parapoxvirus/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Poxviridae/genética , Infecções por Poxviridae/patologia , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfócitos T/análise , Pele/patologia , Dermatopatias Virais/genética , Dermatopatias Virais/patologia , Linfócitos T/metabolismo , Linfócitos T/patologiaAssuntos
Dermatite Ocupacional/epidemiologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/epidemiologia , Dermatopatias Virais/epidemiologia , Capilares/patologia , Cauterização , Curetagem , Dinamarca/epidemiologia , Dermatite Ocupacional/patologia , Dermatite Ocupacional/virologia , Dedos/patologia , Dermatoses da Mão/epidemiologia , Dermatoses da Mão/patologia , Dermatoses da Mão/virologia , Humanos , Parapoxvirus/isolamento & purificação , Parapoxvirus/ultraestrutura , Infecções por Poxviridae/patologia , Infecções por Poxviridae/terapia , Infecções por Poxviridae/virologia , Dermatopatias Virais/patologia , Dermatopatias Virais/virologiaRESUMO
Neutralizing and non-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against parapoxviruses (PPV) were generated by immunizing BALB/c-mice with gradient-purified PPV Orf D-1701 or purified envelopes. Epitope specificity studies identified three distinct epitopes localized in the virus envelope. These antigenic sites allowed a differentiation between orf and stomatitis papulosa viruses. For a rapid diagnosis of parapoxviruses transmission-electron microscopy, immunofluorescence- or immunoperoxidase-staining, antigen capture ELISA, and polymerase-chain-reaction were used.
Assuntos
Parapoxvirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Poxviridae/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/biossíntese , Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/biossíntese , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , Bovinos , Células Cultivadas , DNA Viral/análise , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Epitopos/imunologia , Imunofluorescência , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Pulmão/citologia , Pulmão/embriologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Microscopia Imunoeletrônica , Vírus do Orf/genética , Vírus do Orf/imunologia , Vírus do Orf/isolamento & purificação , Parapoxvirus/genética , Parapoxvirus/imunologia , Parapoxvirus/ultraestrutura , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Infecções por Poxviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Poxviridae/microbiologia , Coelhos , OvinosRESUMO
In the winter of 1991/92 there was an outbreak of parapox infection in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) around the coast of Cornwall. Pups were cared for at a seal rehabilitation centre and the infection occurred in most of them. The presence of parapox virus was confirmed by electron microscopy. The clinical and pathological findings, together with details of the morphology of the virus, are compared with those in previous outbreaks in North America.