Oral microbiome sequencing revealed the enrichment of Fusobacterium sp., Porphyromonas sp., Campylobacter sp., and Neisseria sp. on the oral malignant fibroma surface of giant panda.

Introduction: Microbial community composition is closely associated with host disease onset and progression, underscoring the importance of understanding host-microbiota dynamics in various health contexts. Methods: In this study, we utilized full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing to conduct species-level identification of the microorganisms in the oral cavity of a giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) with oral malignant fibroma. Results: We observed a significant difference between the microbial community of the tumor side and non-tumor side of the oral cavity of the giant panda, with the latter exhibiting higher microbial diversity. The tumor side was dominated by specific microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium simiae, Porphyromonas sp. feline oral taxon 110, Campylobacter sp. feline oral taxon 100, and Neisseria sp. feline oral taxon 078, that have been reported to be associated with tumorigenic processes and periodontal diseases in other organisms. According to the linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis, more than 9 distinct biomarkers were obtained between the tumor side and non-tumor side samples. Furthermore, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that the oral microbiota of the giant panda was significantly associated with genetic information processing and metabolism, particularly cofactor and vitamin, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, a significant bacterial invasion of epithelial cells was predicted in the tumor side. Discussion: This study provides crucial insights into the association between oral microbiota and oral tumors in giant pandas and offers potential biomarkers that may guide future health assessments and preventive strategies for captive and aging giant pandas.

Species-level characterization of saliva and dental plaque microbiota reveals putative bacterial and functional biomarkers of periodontal diseases in dogs.

Periodontal diseases are among the most common bacterial-related pathologies affecting the oral cavity of dogs. Nevertheless, the canine oral ecosystem and its correlations with oral disease development are still far from being fully characterized. In this study, the species-level taxonomic composition of saliva and dental plaque microbiota of 30 healthy dogs was investigated through a shallow shotgun metagenomics approach. The obtained data allowed not only to define the most abundant and prevalent bacterial species of the oral microbiota in healthy dogs, including members of the genera Corynebacterium and Porphyromonas, but also to identify the presence of distinct compositional motifs in the two oral microniches as well as taxonomical differences between dental plaques collected from anterior and posterior teeth. Subsequently, the salivary and dental plaque microbiota of 18 dogs affected by chronic gingival inflammation and 18 dogs with periodontitis were compared to those obtained from the healthy dogs. This analysis allowed the identification of bacterial and metabolic biomarkers correlated with a specific clinical status, including members of the genera Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium as microbial biomarkers of a healthy and diseased oral status, respectively, and genes predicted to encode for metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties as metabolic biomarkers of a healthy status.

Microbiomic association between the saliva and salivary stone in patients with sialolithiasis.

Salivary stones, known as sialoliths, form within the salivary ducts due to abnormal salivary composition and cause painful symptoms, for which surgical removal is the primary treatment. This study explored the role of the salivary microbial communities in the formation of sialoliths. We conducted a comparative analysis of microbial communities present in the saliva and salivary stones, and sequenced the 16S rRNA gene in samples obtained from patients with sialoliths and from healthy individuals. Although the diversity in the saliva was high, the essential features of the microbial environment in sialoliths were low diversity and evenness. The association of microbial abundance between stones and saliva revealed a positive correlation between Peptostreptococcus and Porphyromonas, and a negative correlation for Pseudomonas in saliva. The functional potential differences between saliva and stones Bacterial chemotaxis and the citrate cycle were negatively correlated with most genera found in salivary stone samples. However, the functions required for organic compound degradation did not differ between the saliva samples. Although some microbes were shared between the sialoliths and saliva, their compositions differed significantly. Our study presents a novel comparison between salivary stones and salivary microbiomes, suggesting potential preventive strategies against sialolithiasis.

Prevalencia de Prevotella spp y Porphyromona spp en periodontitis crónica / Prevalence of Prevotella spp and Porphyromona spp in chronic periodontitis

Las enfermedades del periodonto tienen una etiopatogenia compleja y puede considerarse multifactorial. El factor etiológico esencial en la patología inflamatoria periodontal es la biopelícula dental y cuando el desequilibrio entre el huésped y los microorganismos cambia la complejidad de la flora. Ciertas bacterias como Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella loescheii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Tannerrella forsythia, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens y Treponema spp., han sido comúnmente relacionadas con la periodontitis crónica y son consideradas como indicadores de riesgo para la progresión de dicha enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer la prevalencia de Prevotella spp y Porphyromona spp en los distintos estadios de periodontitis crónicas. Material y métodos: Se estudiaron 48 pacientes sistémicamente saludables con diagnóstico de periodontitis crónica. Se completó el consentimiento informado, se realizó historia clínica y examen periodontal. El estado periodontal se clasificó en distintos grados de severidad: leve, moderada y severa. Se tomaron muestras de dos sitios con mayor profundidad de sondaje con conos de papel absorbente estériles y se transportaron en un medio prerreducido. Para el aislamiento de Prevotella spp se utilizó agar Brucella más sangre ovina al 5%, hemina, vitamina K al que se agregaron vancomicina y kanamicina; Porphyromonas sp se aisló en el mismo medio con el agregado de bacitracina y colistina. Se sembraron 10 µl de muestra entera y las placas fueron incubadas en jarras de anaerobiosis por 5 a 7 días a 37ºC. Resultados: los distintos grados de periodontitis correspondieron a un 17% periodontits leve, 57% moderada y 26% severa. En el total de pacientes se determinó la presencia de Prevotella spp en el 54% de los casos y un 12,5% de Porphyromona spp. Conclusión: De los pacientes estudiados con periodontits crónica, un 52% correspondió al sexo masculino, un 57% de los casos correspondieron a periodontitis moderada. Se aisló Prevotella sp en todos los estadios de periodontitis crónica y Porphyromonas sp sólo en periodontitis severas (AU)

Periodontal diseases have a complex etiopathogenesis and can be considered multifactorial. The essential etiological factor in periodontal inflammatory pathology is the dental biofilm and when the imbalance between the host and the microorganisms changes the complexity of the flora. Certain bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Prevotella loescheii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Tannerrella forsythia, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens and Treponema spp., Have been commonly related to chronic periodontitis and are considered as risk indicators for the progression of said disease. The objective of this work was to establish the prevalence of Prevotella spp and Porphyromonas spp in the different stages of chronic periodontitis. Forty eight systemically healthy patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were studied. Informed consent was completed, a medical history and periodontal examination was carried out. The periodontal state was classified into different degrees of severity: mild, moderate and severe. Samples were taken from two sites with greater depth of probing with sterile absorbent paper cones and transported in a prereduced medium. For the isolation of Prevotella spp, Brucella agar plus 5% sheep blood, hemin, vitamin K to which vancomycin and kanamycin were added. For Porphyromonas spp, the same medium was used and bacitracin and colistin were added. 10 �l of the whole sample was seeded and the plates were incubated in anaerobic jars for 5 to 7 days at 37 ° C. Different degrees of periodontitis corresponded to 17% mild periodontitis, 57% moderate and 26% severe. In the total number of patients, the presence of Prevotella spp was determined in 54% of the cases and 12.5% of Porphyromona spp. Of the patients studied with chronic periodontitis, 52% corresponded to the male sex, 57% of the cases corresponded to moderate periodontitis. Prevotella spp was isolated in all stages of chronic periodontitis and Porphyromonas sp only in severe periodontitis (AU)

Presence of Porphyromonas and Prevotella species in the oral microflora of cattle with periodontitis / Presença de espécies de Porphyromonas e Prevotella na microbiota oral de bovinos com periodontite

Bovine periodontitis is a progressive purulent infectious process associated with the presence of strictly and facultative anaerobic subgingival biofilm and epidemiologically related to soil management in large geographic areas of Brazil. This study aimed to detect species of the genera Porphyromonas and Prevotella, which occurr in periodontal pockets of cattle with lesions deeper than 5mm (n=26) and in gingival sulcus of animals considered periodontally healthy (n=25). Presence of the microorganisms was evaluated by independent-culture medium diagnostic method, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers of Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis, P. gulae, Prevotella buccae, P. intermedia, P. loescheii, P. melaninogenica, P. nigrescens, P. oralis and P. tannerae. The species P. endodontalis (80.7%), P. melaninogenica (73.1%) and P. intermedia (61.5%) were the most predominant in samples of cattle with periodontitis. Regarding non-injured gingival sulcus of cattle, P. endodontalis (40%) and P. loeschei (40%) prevailed. Porphyromonas gingivalis, P. gulae and Prevotella tannerae were not detected in the 51 samples studied. Data evaluation by T test, enabled to verify that ocorrence of Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (p=0.000003), P. endodontalis (p=0.0023), Prevotella buccae (p=0.0017), P. intermedia (p=0.0020), P. melaninogenica (p=0.00006) and P. oralis (p=0.0028) is correlated with bovine periodontitis...

A periodontite bovina é um processo infeccioso purulento e progressivo associado à presença de biofilme subgengival anaeróbio estrito e facultativo e de incidência em extensas áreas geográficas do Brasil. O trabalho teve por objetivo detectar espécies dos gêneros Porphyromonas e Prevotella presentes na bolsa periodontal de bovinos com lesões de profundidade maior que 5mm (n=26) e do sulco gengival de animais com idade de 6 a 24 meses e considerados periodontalmente sadios (n=25). A presença dos microrganismos foi avaliada pelo método independente de cultivo bacteriano, por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) com iniciadores específicos para Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis, P. gulae, Prevotella buccae, P. intermedia, P. loescheii, P. melalinogenica, P. nigrescens, P. oralis e P. tannerae. P. endodontalis (80,7%), P. melalinogenica (73,1%) e P. intermedia (61,5%) foram os mais prevalentes nas amostras de bovinos com periodontite. Já no sulco gengival de bovinos sem lesões prevaleceram P. endodontalis (40%) e P. loeschei (40%). Porphyromonas gingivalis, P. gulae e Prevotella tannerae não foram detectados nas 51 amostras pesquisadas. A partir da avaliação dos dados pelo teste T, verificou-se que a ocorrência de Porphyromonas asaccharolytica (p=0.000003), P. endodontalis (p=0.0023), Prevotella buccae (p=0.0017), P. intermedia (p=0.0020), P. melalinogenica (p=0.00006) e P. oralis (p=0.0028) está associada à periodontite bovina...

Pesquisa de bactérias bucais em amostras de placa subgengival de indivíduos com periodonto normal e de portadores de periodontite através da técnica do "Slot Immunoblot" / Oral bacterias investigation in subgingival plaque perform of patients with normal periodontium and owners of periodontitis across \"Slot Immunoblot\" assay

Alguns microrganismos säo considerados patógenos periodontais potenciais por sua capacidade de implantar-se no sulco gengival, produzir substâncias tóxicas, invadir o tecido periodontal e possuir mecanismos que lhes permitam resistir aos fatores de defesa do hospedeiro. Alguns desses microrganismos säo o Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (A.a), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.). Prevotella intermedia (P.i), Bacteroides forsythus (B.f.), Selenomonas sputigena (S.s.), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n.), Treponema denticola (T.d.), Treponema vincentii (T.v.). Também foram testados o Streptococcus mutans (S.m.) e o Actinomyces viscosus (A.v.) como representantes de microrganismos Gram posistivos, encontrados na microbiota bucal. Usando a técnica do "Slot Immunoblot" (SIB), amostras de placa gengival de 10 indivíduos normais e 27 portadores de periodontite do adulto foram examinados quanto à presença dessas bactérias. No grupo normal a prevalência de indivíduos com pelo menos um sítio positivo a uma bactéria variou de 50 a 100 por cento e a porcentagem de sítios positivos foi de 80 por cento para o T.d., 60 por cento para o A.v., 47,5 por cento para o B.f., 45 por cento para a P.i. e o T.v., 40 por cento para a P.g., 32,5 por cento para o F.n. e S.s., 30 por cento para o S.m. e 27,5 por cento para o A.a. Todos os pacientes apresentaram pelo menos um sítio positivo a pelo menos uma bactéria, exceto para o S.m., com 62,9 por cento de positividade. A porcentagem de sítios positivos nesse grupo foi de 100 por cento para o A.v., 99 por cento para o T.d. e o T.v., 96,2 por cento para o F.n., 93,5 por cento para a P.g., 91,6 por cento para a P.i. e S.s., 87,9 por cento para o B.f., 81,4 por cento para o A.a. e 46,2 por cento para o S.m. Dos 400 testes realizados com as amostras do grupo normal para as dez bactérias, 176 (44 por cento) foram positivos a pelo menos uma bactéria, com somente quatro sítios dos 40 analisados negativos a todas as bactérias. Dos 1080 testes realizados para o grupo de pacientes, 958 (88,7 por cento) foram positivos, näo havendo nenhum sítio negativo para todas as bactérias e 41 sítios foram positivos para todas elas. A comparaçäo dos escores médios obtidos revelou diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos para todas as bactérias exceto para o S.m. Näo houve correlaçäo entre profundidade de sondagem média dos quatro sítios amostrados e os escores médios para os mesmos sítios, exceto para o T.v. e S.s...