Retrospective study identified fish and milk as the main culprits in cases of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.

AIM: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy, which is confined to the gastrointestinal tract and occurs most frequently in the first year of life. Our aim was to examine the clinical features, causative agents and outcomes of Greek children with FPIES. METHODS: This was a five-year (2013-2017) retrospective study, based on chart reviews of 78 children with FPIES from six Greek paediatric allergy centres. RESULTS: Only five children needed an oral food challenge (OFC) for diagnosis, but 54 children (69%) had OFCs to monitor tolerance development. The most common problems were fish and milk, which affected affecting 42 (54%) and 25 (35%) of children, respectively. The median age of tolerance based on the results of the negative OFCs occurred by 34.0 (26.6-58.4) months. Fish and milk were tolerated by 24 (57%) and 13 (52%) of children by 43.8 and 24.3 months, respectively. Coexisting IgE sensitisation to the offending food was related to delayed tolerance. CONCLUSION: Fish and milk were the most common food allergies in our series of Greek children with FPIES. Cases with IgE sensitisation to the food trigger took longer to resolve their allergies.

Diet-induced obesity and associated disorders are prevented by natural bioactive type 1 fish collagen peptides (Naticol®) treatment.

To fight against metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, new alimentary behaviors are developed. For instance, hyperproteined, gluten-free, or collagen-enriched diets could be preconized in order to reduce the consequences of obesity. In this aim, this study evaluates the potential effects of warm sea fish collagen peptides (Naticol®) on representative metabolic and inflammatory parameters. For that, male C57Bl6/J mice fed with either a chow- (CD) or high-fat diet (HFD) were submitted or not to specific collagen peptides in drinking water (4 g/kg bw/d) for 20 weeks. Weight, body composition, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were followed up. Effects of fish collagen peptides on various blood parameters reflecting the metabolism status were also measured (free fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, hormones) together with adipocyte inflammation. Results showed that HFD-fed mice supplemented by fish collagen peptides exhibited a significant lower increase in body weight as soon as the twelfth week of treatment whereas no effect of the peptide was observed in CD fed mice. In line with this result, a weaker increase in fat mass in HFD-fed mice supplemented with Naticol® at both 9 and 18 weeks of treatment was also observed. In spite of this resistance to obesity promoted by fish collagen peptides treatment, no difference in glucose tolerance was found between groups whereas mice treated with Naticol® exhibited a lower basal glycemia. Also, even if no effect of the treatment on adipocyte lipolysis was found, a decrease of inflammatory cytokines was retrieved in collagen-supplemented group arguing for a potential better insulin sensitivity. Altogether, these results need to be completed but are the first describing a benefic role of warm sea fish collagen peptides in a context of metabolic disease paving the route for a potential utilization in human obesity-associated disorders.

Reduction of the histamine content and immunoreactivity of parvalbumin in Decapterus maruadsi by a Maillard reaction combined with pressure treatment.

The aim of this study was to develop an effective method for decreasing the content of histamine and the immunoreactivity of parvalbumin in Decapterus maruadsi. As demonstrated by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, no effect on histamine content was found when fish were treated by boiling (100 °C), ultrasonication, ultraviolet irradiation, pressure treatment (121 °C, 0.12 MPa). However, the histamine content was reduced by 73.55% when the Maillard reaction was combined with pressure treatment (MPT). Further, the allergenicity of parvalbumin was retained after boiling, ultrasonication and ultraviolet irradiation, but was effectively decreased when fish were treated by MPT. Animal experimental results showed lower levels of IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a and contents of serum histamine when measured in a group of MPT sensitized mice. These results showed that the MPT is an effective method for simultaneously reducing the histamine content and the immunoreactivity of parvalbumin from Decapterus maruadsi.