RESUMO
The aim of this systematic review is to provide a narrative synthesis of the peer-reviewed literature regarding the role of psychodynamics in community psychology. The authors screened 301 records on the topic, found in major citation databases (Scopus and Web of Science) without time or language restrictions. Ten articles addressing the review question were identified, showing the contributions of interpersonal psychoanalysis, Adlerian psychology, the Tavistock psychodynamic model, and Lacanian psychoanalysis. Several points of synergy between community psychology and psychodynamics were outlined mainly concerning empowerment theory, preventative and ecological perspective, power, and social order. Besides, the view on the community life, the role of emotion, and the conceptualization of the unconscious domain are discussed. Implications for community interventions are highlighted, regarding clients' demands, the role of community practitioners, and the use of transference/countertransference in consultative work. Limitations and future directions are also considered.
Assuntos
Revisão por Pares/métodos , Técnicas Projetivas/estatística & dados numéricos , Psicanálise/estatística & dados numéricos , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Formação de Conceito/fisiologia , Contratransferência , Gerenciamento de Dados , Ecossistema , Emoções/fisiologia , Empoderamento , Humanos , Psicoterapia Interpessoal/métodos , Psicoterapia Interpessoal/tendências , Psicanálise/tendências , Teoria Psicanalítica , Psicologia Social , Publicações/tendências , Transferência PsicológicaRESUMO
This review details the history of the development of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), beginning at Yale University when Dr. Gerald Klerman led a maintenance study of the treatment of depression. The trial aimed to mimic clinical practice and, therefore, included psychotherapy. This review describes the first IPT clinical trial, subsequent trials, and numerous IPT adaptations for different age groups, formats (group, telephone, computer), disorders, and educational levels of mental health trainees. As of 2017, at least 133 clinical trials of IPT had been carried out worldwide. This review also describes challenges associated with training clinicians to deliver evidence-based psychotherapy. It concludes with a discussion of future directions for IPT, which include expanding training to community health workers and testing IPT in low- and middle-income countries.
